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1. Genome-wide association meta-analysis of childhood and adolescent internalizing symptoms

Author

Jami, E. S. (Eshim S.), Hammerschlag, A. R. (Anke R.), Ip, H. F. (Hill F.), Allegrini, A. G. (Andrea G.), Benyamin, B. (Beben), Border, R. (Richard), Diemer, E. W. (Elizabeth W.), Jiang, C. (Chang), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Lu, Y. (Yi), Lu, Q. (Qing), Mallard, T. T. (Travis T.), Mishra, P. P. (Pashupati P.), Nolte, I. M. (Ilja M.), Palviainen, T. (Teemu), Peterson, R. E. (Roseann E.), Sallis, H. M. (Hannah M.), Shabalin, A. A. (Andrey A.), Tate, A. E. (Ashley E.), Thiering, E. (Elisabeth), Vilor-Tejedor, N. (Natalia), Wang, C. (Carol), Zhou, A. (Ang), Adkins, D. E. (Daniel E.), Alemany, S. (Silvia), Ask, H. (Helga), Chen, Q. (Qi), Corley, R. P. (Robin P.), Ehli, E. A. (Erik A.), Evans, L. M. (Luke M.), Havdahl, A. (Alexandra), Hagenbeek, F. A. (Fiona A.), Hakulinen, C. (Christian), Henders, A. K. (Anjali K.), Hottenga, J. J. (Jouke Jan), Korhonen, T. (Tellervo), Mamun, A. (Abdullah), Marrington, S. (Shelby), Neumann, A. (Alexander), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Rivadeneira, F. (Fernando), Silberg, J. L. (Judy L.), van Beijsterveldt, C. E. (Catharina E.), Vuoksimaa, E. (Eero), Whipp, A. M. (Alyce M.), Tong, X. (Xiaoran), Andreassen, O. A. (Ole A.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret, I), Brown, S. A. (Sandra A.), Burt, S. A. (S. Alexandra), Copeland, W. (William), Dick, D. M. (Danielle M.), Harden, K. P. (K. Paige), Harris, K. M. (Kathleen Mullan), Hartman, C. A. (Catharina A.), Heinrich, J. (Joachim), Hewitt, J. K. (John K.), Hopfer, C. (Christian), Hypponen, E. (Elina), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L. (Liisa), Klump, K. L. (Kelly L.), Krauter, K. (Kenneth), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Larsson, H. (Henrik), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Maes, H. H. (Hermine H.), Magnus, P. (Per), Munafo, M. R. (Marcus R.), Najman, J. M. (Jake M.), Njolstad, P. R. (Pal R.), Oldehinkel, A. J. (Albertine J.), Pennell, C. E. (Craig E.), Plomin, R. (Robert), Reichborn-Kjennerud, T. (Ted), Reynolds, C. (Chandra), Rose, R. J. (Richard J.), Smolen, A. (Andrew), Snieder, H. (Harold), Stallings, M. (Michael), Standl, M. (Marie), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), Wadsworth, S. J. (Sally J.), Wall, T. L. (Tamara L.), Whitehouse, A. J. (Andrew J. O.), Williams, G. M. (Gail M.), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Nivard, M. G. (Michel G.), Bartels, M. (Meike), Middeldorp, C. M. (Christel M.), Jami, E. S. (Eshim S.), Hammerschlag, A. R. (Anke R.), Ip, H. F. (Hill F.), Allegrini, A. G. (Andrea G.), Benyamin, B. (Beben), Border, R. (Richard), Diemer, E. W. (Elizabeth W.), Jiang, C. (Chang), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Lu, Y. (Yi), Lu, Q. (Qing), Mallard, T. T. (Travis T.), Mishra, P. P. (Pashupati P.), Nolte, I. M. (Ilja M.), Palviainen, T. (Teemu), Peterson, R. E. (Roseann E.), Sallis, H. M. (Hannah M.), Shabalin, A. A. (Andrey A.), Tate, A. E. (Ashley E.), Thiering, E. (Elisabeth), Vilor-Tejedor, N. (Natalia), Wang, C. (Carol), Zhou, A. (Ang), Adkins, D. E. (Daniel E.), Alemany, S. (Silvia), Ask, H. (Helga), Chen, Q. (Qi), Corley, R. P. (Robin P.), Ehli, E. A. (Erik A.), Evans, L. M. (Luke M.), Havdahl, A. (Alexandra), Hagenbeek, F. A. (Fiona A.), Hakulinen, C. (Christian), Henders, A. K. (Anjali K.), Hottenga, J. J. (Jouke Jan), Korhonen, T. (Tellervo), Mamun, A. (Abdullah), Marrington, S. (Shelby), Neumann, A. (Alexander), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Rivadeneira, F. (Fernando), Silberg, J. L. (Judy L.), van Beijsterveldt, C. E. (Catharina E.), Vuoksimaa, E. (Eero), Whipp, A. M. (Alyce M.), Tong, X. (Xiaoran), Andreassen, O. A. (Ole A.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret, I), Brown, S. A. (Sandra A.), Burt, S. A. (S. Alexandra), Copeland, W. (William), Dick, D. M. (Danielle M.), Harden, K. P. (K. Paige), Harris, K. M. (Kathleen Mullan), Hartman, C. A. (Catharina A.), Heinrich, J. (Joachim), Hewitt, J. K. (John K.), Hopfer, C. (Christian), Hypponen, E. (Elina), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L. (Liisa), Klump, K. L. (Kelly L.), Krauter, K. (Kenneth), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Larsson, H. (Henrik), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Maes, H. H. (Hermine H.), Magnus, P. (Per), Munafo, M. R. (Marcus R.), Najman, J. M. (Jake M.), Njolstad, P. R. (Pal R.), Oldehinkel, A. J. (Albertine J.), Pennell, C. E. (Craig E.), Plomin, R. (Robert), Reichborn-Kjennerud, T. (Ted), Reynolds, C. (Chandra), Rose, R. J. (Richard J.), Smolen, A. (Andrew), Snieder, H. (Harold), Stallings, M. (Michael), Standl, M. (Marie), Sunyer, J. (Jordi), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), Wadsworth, S. J. (Sally J.), Wall, T. L. (Tamara L.), Whitehouse, A. J. (Andrew J. O.), Williams, G. M. (Gail M.), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Nivard, M. G. (Michel G.), Bartels, M. (Meike), and Middeldorp, C. M. (Christel M.)

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the genetic architecture of internalizing symptoms in childhood and adolescence. Method: In 22 cohorts, multiple univariate genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were performed using repeated assessments of internalizing symptoms, in a total of 64,561 children and adolescents between 3 and 18 years of age. Results were aggregated in meta-analyses that accounted for sample overlap, first using all available data, and then using subsets of measurements grouped by rater, age, and instrument. Results: The meta-analysis of overall internalizing symptoms (INToverall) detected no genome-wide significant hits and showed low single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability (1.66%, 95% CI = 0.84–2.48%, neffective = 132,260). Stratified analyses indicated rater-based heterogeneity in genetic effects, with self-reported internalizing symptoms showing the highest heritability (5.63%, 95% CI = 3.08%–8.18%). The contribution of additive genetic effects on internalizing symptoms appeared to be stable over age, with overlapping estimates of SNP heritability from early childhood to adolescence. Genetic correlations were observed with adult anxiety, depression, and the well-being spectrum (|rg| < 0.70), as well as with insomnia, loneliness, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, and childhood aggression (range |rg| = 0.42–0.60), whereas there were no robust associations with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or anorexia nervosa. Conclusion: Genetic correlations indicate that childhood and adolescent internalizing symptoms share substantial genetic vulnerabilities with adult internalizing disorders and other childhood psychiatric traits, which could partially explain both the persistence of internalizing symptoms over time and the high comorbidity among childhood psychiatric traits. Reducing phenotypic heterogeneity in childhood samples will be key in paving the way to future GWAS success.

Published
2022

2. Overview of CAPICE—childhood and adolescence psychopathology:unravelling the complex etiology by a large interdisciplinary collaboration in Europe—an EU Marie Skłodowska‑Curie International Training Network

Author

Rajula, H. S. (Hema Sekhar Reddy), Manchia, M. (Mirko), Agarwal, K. (Kratika), Akingbuwa, W. A. (Wonuola A.), Allegrini, A. G. (Andrea G.), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Doering, S. (Sabrina), Haan, E. (Elis), Jami, E. S. (Eshim S.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Leone, M. (Marica), Schellhas, L. (Laura), Thompson, A. (Ashley), van den Berg, S. M. (Stéphanie M.), Bergen, S. E. (Sarah E.), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Hammerschlag, A. R. (Anke R.), Järvelin, M. R. (Marjo Riitta), Leval, A. (Amy), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Munafò, M. R. (Marcus R.), Myers, D. (David), Plomin, R. (Robert), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Bartels, M. (Meike), and Middeldorp, C. M. (Christel M.)

Subjects
Childhood and adolescence psychopathology, Depression, Psychiatric genetics, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Anxiety
Abstract

The Roadmap for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research in Europe (ROAMER) identified child and adolescent mental illness as a priority area for research. CAPICE (Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe) is a European Union (EU) funded training network aimed at investigating the causes of individual differences in common childhood and adolescent psychopathology, especially depression, anxiety, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. CAPICE brings together eight birth and childhood cohorts as well as other cohorts from the EArly Genetics and Life course Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortium, including twin cohorts, with unique longitudinal data on environmental exposures and mental health problems, and genetic data on participants. Here we describe the objectives, summarize the methodological approaches and initial results, and present the dissemination strategy of the CAPICE network. Besides identifying genetic and epigenetic variants associated with these phenotypes, analyses have been performed to shed light on the role of genetic factors and the interplay with the environment in influencing the persistence of symptoms across the lifespan. Data harmonization and building an advanced data catalogue are also part of the work plan. Findings will be disseminated to non-academic parties, in close collaboration with the Global Alliance of Mental Illness Advocacy Networks-Europe (GAMIAN-Europe).

Published
2021

3. New data on the field occurrence, morphology and mineralogy of Libyan Desert Glass

Author

Fröhlich, F., Poupeau, G., Badou, A., LE BOURDONNEC, F.-X., Sacquin, Y., DUBERNET, S, Bardintzeff, J.-M., VÉRAN, M., SMITH, D.-C., DIEMER, E., Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

5. Overview of CAPICE—Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe—an EU Marie Skłodowska-Curie International Training Network

Author

Rajula, H.S.R. (Hema Sekhar Reddy), Manchia, M. (Mriko), Agarwal, K. (Kratika), Akingbuwa, W.A. (Wonuola A.), Allegrini, A.G. (Andrea G.), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Doering, S. (Sabrina), Haan, E. (Elis), Jami, E.S. (Eshim S.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Leone, M. (Marica), Schellhas, L. (Laura), Thompson, A. (Ashley), Berg, S.M. (Stéphanie) van den, Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Hammerschlag, A.R. (Anke R.), Järvelin, M.R. (Marjo Riitta), Leval, A. (Amy), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Munafò, M.R. (Marcus), Myers, D. (David), Plomin, R. (Robert), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Tiemeier, H.W. (Henning), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Bartels, M. (Meike), Middeldorp, C.M. (Christel M.), Rajula, H.S.R. (Hema Sekhar Reddy), Manchia, M. (Mriko), Agarwal, K. (Kratika), Akingbuwa, W.A. (Wonuola A.), Allegrini, A.G. (Andrea G.), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Doering, S. (Sabrina), Haan, E. (Elis), Jami, E.S. (Eshim S.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Leone, M. (Marica), Schellhas, L. (Laura), Thompson, A. (Ashley), Berg, S.M. (Stéphanie) van den, Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Hammerschlag, A.R. (Anke R.), Järvelin, M.R. (Marjo Riitta), Leval, A. (Amy), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Mauri, M. (Matteo), Munafò, M.R. (Marcus), Myers, D. (David), Plomin, R. (Robert), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Tiemeier, H.W. (Henning), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Fanos, V. (Vassilios), Bartels, M. (Meike), and Middeldorp, C.M. (Christel M.)

Abstract

The Roadmap for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research in Europe (ROAMER) identified child and adolescent mental illness as a priority area for research. CAPICE (Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe) is a European Union (EU) funded training network aimed at investigating the causes of individual differences in common childhood and adolescent psychopathology, especially depression, anxiety, and attention defici

Published
2021
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6. Genetic associations between childhood psychopathology and adult depression and associated traits in 42 998 individuals:a meta-analysis

Author

Akingbuwa, W. A. (Wonuola A.), Hammerschlag, A. R. (Anke R.), Jami, E. S. (Eshim S.), Allegrini, A. G. (Andrea G.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Sallis, H. (Hannah), Ask, H. (Helga), Askeland, R. B. (Ragna B.), Baselmans, B. (Bart), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Hagenbeek, F. A. (Fiona A.), Havdahl, A. (Alexandra), Hottenga, J.-J. (Jouke-Jan), Mbarek, H. (Hamdi), Rivadeneira, F. (Fernando), Tesli, M. (Martin), van Beijsterveldt, C. (Catharina), Breen, G. (Gerome), Lewis, C. M. (Cathryn M.), Thapar, A. (Anita), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret I.), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Reichborn-Kjennerud, T. (Ted), Magnus, P. (Per), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Munafo, M. R. (Marcus R.), Plomin, R. (Robert), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), Nivard, M. G. (Michel G.), Bartels, M. (Meike), Middeldorp, C. M. (Christel M.), Akingbuwa, W. A. (Wonuola A.), Hammerschlag, A. R. (Anke R.), Jami, E. S. (Eshim S.), Allegrini, A. G. (Andrea G.), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Sallis, H. (Hannah), Ask, H. (Helga), Askeland, R. B. (Ragna B.), Baselmans, B. (Bart), Diemer, E. (Elizabeth), Hagenbeek, F. A. (Fiona A.), Havdahl, A. (Alexandra), Hottenga, J.-J. (Jouke-Jan), Mbarek, H. (Hamdi), Rivadeneira, F. (Fernando), Tesli, M. (Martin), van Beijsterveldt, C. (Catharina), Breen, G. (Gerome), Lewis, C. M. (Cathryn M.), Thapar, A. (Anita), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret I.), Kuja-Halkola, R. (Ralf), Reichborn-Kjennerud, T. (Ted), Magnus, P. (Per), Rimfeld, K. (Kaili), Ystrom, E. (Eivind), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lichtenstein, P. (Paul), Lundstrom, S. (Sebastian), Munafo, M. R. (Marcus R.), Plomin, R. (Robert), Tiemeier, H. (Henning), Nivard, M. G. (Michel G.), Bartels, M. (Meike), and Middeldorp, C. M. (Christel M.)

Abstract

Importance: Adult mood disorders are often preceded by behavioral and emotional problems in childhood. It is yet unclear what explains the associations between childhood psychopathology and adult traits. Objective: To investigate whether genetic risk for adult mood disorders and associated traits is associated with childhood disorders. Design, Setting, and Participants: This meta-analysis examined data from 7 ongoing longitudinal birth and childhood cohorts from the UK, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, and Finland. Starting points of data collection ranged from July 1985 to April 2002. Participants were repeatedly assessed for childhood psychopathology from ages 6 to 17 years. Data analysis occurred from September 2017 to May 2019. Exposures: Individual polygenic scores (PGS) were constructed in children based on genome-wide association studies of adult major depression, bipolar disorder, subjective well-being, neuroticism, insomnia, educational attainment, and body mass index (BMI). Main Outcomes and Measures: Regression meta-analyses were used to test associations between PGS and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and internalizing and social problems measured repeatedly across childhood and adolescence and whether these associations depended on childhood phenotype, age, and rater. Results: The sample included 42 998 participants aged 6 to 17 years. Male participants varied from 43.0% (1040 of 2417 participants) to 53.1% (2434 of 4583 participants) by age and across all cohorts. The PGS of adult major depression, neuroticism, BMI, and insomnia were positively associated with childhood psychopathology (β estimate range, 0.023–0.042 [95% CI, 0.017–0.049]), while associations with PGS of subjective well-being and educational attainment were negative (β, −0.026 to −0.046 [95% CI, −0.020 to −0.057]). There was no moderation of age, type of childhood phenotype, or rater with the associations. The exceptions were stronger associations betwe

Published
2020

7. Genetic Associations Between Childhood Psychopathology and Adult Depression and Associated Traits in 42998 Individuals A Meta-analysis

Author

Akingbuwa, WA, Hammerschlag, AR, Jami, ES, Allegrini, AG, Karhunen, V, Sallis, H, Ask, H, Askeland, RB, Baselmans, B, Diemer, E, Hagenbeek, FA, Havdahl, A, Hottenga, JJ, Mbarek, H, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Tesli, M, van Beijsterveldt, C, Breen, G, Lewis, CM, Thapar, A, Boomsma, DI, Kuja-Halkola, R, Reichborn-Kjennerud, T, Magnus, P, Rimfeld, K, Ystrom, E, Jarvelin, M R R, Lichtenstein, P, Lundstrom, S, Munafo, MR, Plomin, R, Tiemeier, Henning, Nivard, MG, Bartels, M, Middeldorp, CM, Bipolar, D, Major, D, Akingbuwa, WA, Hammerschlag, AR, Jami, ES, Allegrini, AG, Karhunen, V, Sallis, H, Ask, H, Askeland, RB, Baselmans, B, Diemer, E, Hagenbeek, FA, Havdahl, A, Hottenga, JJ, Mbarek, H, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Tesli, M, van Beijsterveldt, C, Breen, G, Lewis, CM, Thapar, A, Boomsma, DI, Kuja-Halkola, R, Reichborn-Kjennerud, T, Magnus, P, Rimfeld, K, Ystrom, E, Jarvelin, M R R, Lichtenstein, P, Lundstrom, S, Munafo, MR, Plomin, R, Tiemeier, Henning, Nivard, MG, Bartels, M, Middeldorp, CM, Bipolar, D, and Major, D

Published
2020

8. CAPICE: childhood and adolescence psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large interdisciplinary collaboration in Europe

Author

Rajula, H.S.R., Allegrini, A.G., Shahid, E., Agarwal, K., Karhunen, V., Akingbuwa, O., Haan, E., Diemer, E., Schellhas, L., Thompson, A., Doering, S., Leone, M., Fanos, V., and Research Methodology, Measurement and Data Analysis

Subjects
behavioral disciplines and activities
Abstract

This study aims to harmonize questionnaire item data with an objective of having one phenotype that is comparable across various cohorts. Our focus here is on internalizing problems and ADHD symptoms. In order to harmonize questionnaire item data, we used the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort study (RAINE) dataset as it consists of both Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) data on 10-year-old children.

Published
2018

37. Missingness and algorithmic bias: an example from the United States National Outbreak Reporting System, 2009-2019.

Author

Diemer E and Naumova EN

Subjects
Humans, United States epidemiology, Public Health Surveillance methods, Population Surveillance, Disease Outbreaks, Algorithms, Bias, Foodborne Diseases epidemiology
Abstract

Growing debates about algorithmic bias in public health surveillance lack specific examples. We tested a common assumption that exposure and illness periods coincide and demonstrated how algorithmic bias can arise due to missingness of critical information related to illness and exposure durations. We examined 9407 outbreaks recorded by the United States National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) from January 1, 2009 through December 31, 2019 and detected algorithmic bias, a systematic over- or under-estimation of foodborne disease outbreak (FBDO) durations due to missing start and end dates. For 7037 (75%) FBDOs with complete date-time information, ~ 60% reported that the exposure period ended before the illness period started. For 2079 (87.7%) FBDOs with missing exposure dates, average illness durations were ~ 5.3 times longer (p < 0.001) than those with complete information, prompting the potential for algorithmic bias. Modern surveillance systems must be equipped with investigative capacities to examine and assess structural data missingness that can lead to bias., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)

Published
2024
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38. Optimization of the Accelerated Solvent Extraction of Caffeoylquinic Acids from Forced Chicory Roots and Antioxidant Activity of the Resulting Extracts.

Author

Diemer E, Chadni M, Grimi N, and Ioannou I

Abstract

Forced chicory roots (FCR) are the main but also the least valued by-products of Belgian endive culture. However, they contain molecules of interest for industry such as caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs). This study aims to investigate accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) as a green technique to recover chlorogenic acid (5-CQA) and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA), the main CQAs. A D-optimal design was used to determine the influence of temperature and ethanol percentage on their extraction. Optimal extraction conditions were determined using response surface methodology (RSM) and allow the recovery of 4.95 ± 0.48 mg/g DM of 5-CQA at 107 °C, 46% of ethanol and 5.41 ± 0.79 mg/g DM of 3,5-diCQA at 95 °C, 57% of ethanol. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was also optimized by RSM. The highest antioxidant activity was achieved at 115 °C with 40% ethanol (more than 22mgTrolox/g DM ). Finally, correlation between the antioxidant activity and the amount of CQAs was determined. FCR can be a great source of bioactive compounds with potential use as biobased antioxidant.

Published
2022
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39. Overview of CAPICE-Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe-an EU Marie Skłodowska-Curie International Training Network.

Author

Rajula HSR, Manchia M, Agarwal K, Akingbuwa WA, Allegrini AG, Diemer E, Doering S, Haan E, Jami ES, Karhunen V, Leone M, Schellhas L, Thompson A, van den Berg SM, Bergen SE, Kuja-Halkola R, Hammerschlag AR, Järvelin MR, Leval A, Lichtenstein P, Lundstrom S, Mauri M, Munafò MR, Myers D, Plomin R, Rimfeld K, Tiemeier H, Ystrom E, Fanos V, Bartels M, and Middeldorp CM

Subjects
Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, European Union, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity psychology
Abstract

The Roadmap for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research in Europe (ROAMER) identified child and adolescent mental illness as a priority area for research. CAPICE (Childhood and Adolescence Psychopathology: unravelling the complex etiology by a large Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Europe) is a European Union (EU) funded training network aimed at investigating the causes of individual differences in common childhood and adolescent psychopathology, especially depression, anxiety, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. CAPICE brings together eight birth and childhood cohorts as well as other cohorts from the EArly Genetics and Life course Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortium, including twin cohorts, with unique longitudinal data on environmental exposures and mental health problems, and genetic data on participants. Here we describe the objectives, summarize the methodological approaches and initial results, and present the dissemination strategy of the CAPICE network. Besides identifying genetic and epigenetic variants associated with these phenotypes, analyses have been performed to shed light on the role of genetic factors and the interplay with the environment in influencing the persistence of symptoms across the lifespan. Data harmonization and building an advanced data catalogue are also part of the work plan. Findings will be disseminated to non-academic parties, in close collaboration with the Global Alliance of Mental Illness Advocacy Networks-Europe (GAMIAN-Europe)., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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40. Optimization of Extraction Conditions to Improve Chlorogenic Acid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Forced Witloof Chicory Roots.

Author

Chadni M, Isidore E, Diemer E, Ouguir O, Brunois F, Catteau R, Cassan L, and Ioannou I

Abstract

Chlorogenic acids are major phenolic constituents in many herbal medicines and exhibit various bioactivities that explain the growing interest in extracting chlorogenic acids from biomass. In this context, the present study aims to maximize 3- O -Caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA) and 3,5- O -di-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA) contents from forced witloof chicory roots and to analyze the extraction kinetic modelling. First, the solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, extraction time and temperature were studied. The extraction conditions were optimized to maximize the extraction of these compounds. The maximum yields reached 5 ± 0.11 and 5.97 ± 0.30 mg/g dry matter (DM) for 3- O -Caffeoylquinic acid and 3,5- O -di-caffeoylquinic acid, respectively, in less than 6 min at 70 °C. Extraction with water as a solvent was assessed with the aim of proposing a second greener and less-expensive solvent. This extraction is very fast from 90 °C, with a maximum of 6.22 ± 0.18 mg/g DM of 3- O -Caffeoylquinic acid, and instantaneous for 3,5- O -di-caffeoylquinic acid with a maximum of 6.44 ± 0.59 mg/g DM . In the second step, response surface methodology was employed to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidants. The higher antioxidant activities were found at temperatures from 40 °C and at percentages of ethanol in the range of 35-70%.

Published
2022
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41. Genetic Associations Between Childhood Psychopathology and Adult Depression and Associated Traits in 42 998 Individuals: A Meta-analysis.

Author

Akingbuwa WA, Hammerschlag AR, Jami ES, Allegrini AG, Karhunen V, Sallis H, Ask H, Askeland RB, Baselmans B, Diemer E, Hagenbeek FA, Havdahl A, Hottenga JJ, Mbarek H, Rivadeneira F, Tesli M, van Beijsterveldt C, Breen G, Lewis CM, Thapar A, Boomsma DI, Kuja-Halkola R, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Magnus P, Rimfeld K, Ystrom E, Jarvelin MR, Lichtenstein P, Lundstrom S, Munafò MR, Plomin R, Tiemeier H, Nivard MG, Bartels M, and Middeldorp CM

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Bipolar Disorder epidemiology, Bipolar Disorder genetics, Child, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Social Behavior, Young Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity epidemiology, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity genetics, Behavioral Symptoms epidemiology, Behavioral Symptoms genetics, Body Mass Index, Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major genetics, Educational Status, Multifactorial Inheritance genetics, Neuroticism, Personal Satisfaction, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders epidemiology, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders genetics
Abstract

Importance: Adult mood disorders are often preceded by behavioral and emotional problems in childhood. It is yet unclear what explains the associations between childhood psychopathology and adult traits., Objective: To investigate whether genetic risk for adult mood disorders and associated traits is associated with childhood disorders., Design, Setting, and Participants: This meta-analysis examined data from 7 ongoing longitudinal birth and childhood cohorts from the UK, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, and Finland. Starting points of data collection ranged from July 1985 to April 2002. Participants were repeatedly assessed for childhood psychopathology from ages 6 to 17 years. Data analysis occurred from September 2017 to May 2019., Exposures: Individual polygenic scores (PGS) were constructed in children based on genome-wide association studies of adult major depression, bipolar disorder, subjective well-being, neuroticism, insomnia, educational attainment, and body mass index (BMI)., Main Outcomes and Measures: Regression meta-analyses were used to test associations between PGS and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and internalizing and social problems measured repeatedly across childhood and adolescence and whether these associations depended on childhood phenotype, age, and rater., Results: The sample included 42 998 participants aged 6 to 17 years. Male participants varied from 43.0% (1040 of 2417 participants) to 53.1% (2434 of 4583 participants) by age and across all cohorts. The PGS of adult major depression, neuroticism, BMI, and insomnia were positively associated with childhood psychopathology (β estimate range, 0.023-0.042 [95% CI, 0.017-0.049]), while associations with PGS of subjective well-being and educational attainment were negative (β, -0.026 to -0.046 [95% CI, -0.020 to -0.057]). There was no moderation of age, type of childhood phenotype, or rater with the associations. The exceptions were stronger associations between educational attainment PGS and ADHD compared with internalizing problems (Δβ, 0.0561 [Δ95% CI, 0.0318-0.0804]; ΔSE, 0.0124) and social problems (Δβ, 0.0528 [Δ95% CI, 0.0282-0.0775]; ΔSE, 0.0126), and between BMI PGS and ADHD and social problems (Δβ, -0.0001 [Δ95% CI, -0.0102 to 0.0100]; ΔSE, 0.0052), compared with internalizing problems (Δβ, -0.0310 [Δ95% CI, -0.0456 to -0.0164]; ΔSE, 0.0074). Furthermore, the association between educational attainment PGS and ADHD increased with age (Δβ, -0.0032 [Δ 95% CI, -0.0048 to -0.0017]; ΔSE, 0.0008)., Conclusions and Relevance: Results from this study suggest the existence of a set of genetic factors influencing a range of traits across the life span with stable associations present throughout childhood. Knowledge of underlying mechanisms may affect treatment and long-term outcomes of individuals with psychopathology.

Published
2020
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