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As teacher shortages increase across the United States, educator preparation programs are tasked with preparing a new generation of teachers equipped to succeed in an increasingly challenging landscape. Along with ensuring that candidates develop deep content knowledge and effective pedagogical skills, national accreditation bodies also require educator preparation programs to monitor and support pre-service teachers' dispositional development. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand teachers, administrators, clinical experience supervisors, and education faculty members' perspectives of the dispositional qualities that pre-service teachers need to develop to be successful educators. Our goal was first to gain an understanding and then to use it to develop a tool to teach and evaluate the dispositional characteristics pre-service teachers need to successfully transition into their teaching careers. We collected data from 30 participants via an open-ended survey and a subsequent focus group of five participants. Using open and focused coding followed by code mapping, three themes emerged including a commitment to (1) professionalism, (2) relationships, and (3) learning. We used these three themes and their 12 subthemes, along with feedback from our participants, to create a "Teacher Identity Development" tool. With specific indicators of each disposition, this tool can be used by educator preparation programs not only to monitor and assess pre-service teachers' discrete dispositional skill development but, more importantly, to facilitate the development of a teacher identity as candidates journey toward becoming effective educators in our current educational landscape.

Maximizing the production of heterologous biomolecules is a complex problem that can be addressed with a systems-level understanding of cellular metabolism and regulation. Specifically, growth-coupling approaches can increase product titers and yields and also enhance production rates. However, implementing these methods for non-canonical carbon streams is challenging due to gaps in metabolic models. Over four design-build-test-learn cycles, we rewire Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for growth-coupled production of indigoidine from para-coumarate. We explore 4,114 potential growth-coupling solutions and refine one design through laboratory evolution and ensemble data-driven methods. The final growth-coupled strain produces 7.3 g/L indigoidine at 77% maximum theoretical yield in para-coumarate minimal medium. The iterative use of growth-coupling designs and functional genomics with experimental validation was highly effective and agnostic to specific hosts, carbon streams, and final products and thus generalizable across many systems.

Media use and screen time show both positive and negative effects on child development. Parents' behaviors, perceptions, and regulation of parent and child screen-based device (SBD) use may be critical understudied factors in explaining these mixed effects. We developed the Parent Screen-Based Device Use Survey (PSUS) to assess parental use of multiple SBDs (e.g., computers, phones, and TVs) and tested its factor structure across two United States samples of mothers of children aged 2-6 years (total N = 402). Subscales captured parental SBD use related to Discipline, Limit-Setting, Involvement, Child Care, Family Norms, Self-Regulation, Dysregulation, and Parenting Support, and showed good factor loadings and internal reliability. Validity was tested in relation to parent distress, parent executive function problems, and child behavior problems. Parental limit-setting and involvement were either unrelated to or related to fewer parent and child problems, whereas parental use of SBDs for self-regulation, child care, discipline, support, and family activities, as well as parents' more dysregulated use, were related to more parent and child problems. The PSUS holds promise in addressing the parental mechanisms that underlie media effects on child development.

Objetivos: Analisar o uso das mídias sociais para a captação de doadores de sangue. Objetivos específicos: Realizar uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa no período de 2015 a 2022; identificar as mídias sociais mais utilizadas na captação de doadores de sangue; analisar os resultados de cada mídia social na captação de doadores de sangue. Métodos: Revisão integrativa que busca através da pesquisa bibliográfica, conhecimentos, experiências e evidências sobre o tema pesquisado. Como primeira etapa foi elaborada a pergunta norteadora: Qual a efetividade do uso das mídias sociais para a captação de doadores de sangue? A partir desta pergunta foi elaborado o PICO da pesquisa: P: doadores de sangue; I: mídias sociais: C: comparativo entre os tipos de mídias sociais O: o uso das mídias sociais. As palavras chaves utilizadas: efetividade, mídias sociais, doadores de sangue e marketing social. Foram incluídos artigos escritos em inglês, espanhol e português. Pesquisou-se nas plataformas Scielo, Scholar, Google, BVS, Lilacs, Cochrane, Medline e Pubmed. Resultados: Foram 45 artigos selecionados. No Delineamento dos estudos: pesquisa Qualitativa: Relato de experiência 09 e de caso 05; estudo de caso 02; metodológica 02; documental 02; exploratório 01; Revisão Bibliográfica Integrativa 04; pesquisa Quantitativa: 01 Estudo de corte; 08 estudos transversal, 02 Quase Experimental;03 Ensaio Clinico Randomizado, ao total da pesquisa quantitativa de 14 estudos; pesquisa quanti-quali 03; totalizando 42, pois 2 são manuais e não foram contabilizados nem dois artigos originários do mesmo Estudo. Mídias sociais o Faceboock contabilizou 08, o Instagram 03, E-mails 02, WattsApp 03, aplicativos 06, várias mídias 16 e o Marketing social 07. Discussão: Esta revisão sugere que um dos aspectos mais importantes para aumentar o número de doadores e por conseguinte ter estoque adequado de hemocomponentes nos hemocentros é aliar o uso das mídias sociais com as estratégias comunicacionais do marketing social e seus temas norteadores: identificação das barreiras e motivações para o ato de doar, valorização social do doador, problematizar aspectos sensíveis do processo de doação, assim como definir claramente o perfil sócio demográfico e cultural da população que se quer alcançar com as atividades educativa-informativas. Aliar esses aspectos do marketing social às características das mídias sociais de ampla difusão, participação ativa, interação e aproximação entre a população e os hemocentros tornam as mídias sociais mais efetivas na captação de doadores. As mídias sociais com melhores resultados são: Facebook®, Instagram® e WhatsApp® que necessariamente deverão utilizar estratégias do marketing social para ter resultados favoráveis na captação de doadores. Conclusão: Salientamos que as atividades para captação de doadores de sangue que utilizam mídias sociais e estratégias do marketing social devem ser planejadas para apresentarem resultados positivos e efetivos. Das limitações deste estudo entendemos que como a maioria dos estudos são de natureza qualitativa e originários do Brasil podem limitar a aplicação dos resultados em um contexto mais amplo.

# Background The seated wall angel (SWA) is an intervention to improve upper quarter mobility but has not been described as a clinical test with scoring. # Hypothesis/ Purpose To explore the clinical utility of the SWA as a test with scoring. The authors hypothesized that SWA test scores would be lower on the injured than uninjured side, improve over time, and show stronger association with patient-reported shoulder function than shoulder mobility tests. # Study Design Prospective cohort. # Methods Patients diagnosed with anterior shoulder instability and referred to physical therapy participated. Testing occurred after physical therapy examination (initial) and six weeks later (follow-up). Rehabilitation was not controlled. Testing included clinical tests (SWA, passive shoulder external rotation range of motion, total arc of motion) and patient-reported outcomes including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form, (ASES) and the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI). The SWA test was scored 0 to 3 points bilaterally based on number of body contacts with the wall (i.e., elbows and fingertips, posterior fingers, posterior forearm). Passive range of motion was measured with a standard goniometer. SWA scores were compared between sides at initial testing and compared between testing timepoints on the injured side. Associations among injured side clinical test values and patient-reported outcome scores were examined. # Results Mean (SD) SWA score on the injured side was significantly lower than the uninjured side at initial testing \[1.6 (1.0) vs 2.2 (1.1), p = 0.045] and significantly increased at follow-up testing \[2.4 (1.0), p = 0.041]. Only SWA test score was significantly correlated with ASES (r=0.597) and WOSI (r=-0.648) scores at initial testing, and SWA test score was significantly correlated with WOSI score at follow-up testing (r=-0.611). # Conclusions The clinical utility of the SWA test is supported by distinguishing the injured and uninjured sides and having stronger associations with patient-reported shoulder function than shoulder mobility tests.

ObjectivesThe objective is to explore academic emergency medicine physicians' exposure to and needs regarding faculty development.MethodsWe conducted a prospective qualitative study of Society for Academic Emergency Medicine members in 2018 using focus groups selected by convenience and snowball sampling. One facilitator ensured representative engagement and responses were transcribed in real-time by an assistant after obtaining verbal consent. Results were analyzed using a grounded theory approach with a constructivist perspective. Thematic analysis was refined using the constant comparative method.ResultsSixteen physicians participated in the focus groups, representing a diverse group of perspectives. Six themes emerged about unmet needs in faculty development: knowledge and skills, relationships, specific programs or resources, and professional benefits.ConclusionsMembers of a national academic society identified three areas of focus important to developing academicians in emergency medicine: content for faculty developers, relationship-building among members, and support from the organization as a "professional home." Academic societies can use this to guide future programming.

Parents' executive functions (EFs), or cognitive skills facilitating thought and behavior management, are meaningful correlates of parenting behavior. EFs are theorized to support parents in inhibiting reactive responses, managing information during parent--child interactions, and adapting to novel developmental demands. Less effective EFs associate with risk for harsh parenting and physical abuse, underscoring the importance of research on parental EFs in promoting healthy child development. Yet, despite the strong theory, findings are mixed and reveal only modest effect sizes in relations between EFs and parenting. One explanation may be a lack of ecological validity in measuring parental EFs. Traditional measures of adult EFs have been used, but these are decontextualized and do not reflect the cognitively and emotionally demanding nature of parenting. In this article, we argue that new and adapted measures are needed. We discuss the role of EFs in parenting, review measurement, and offer suggestions for improvements in ecological validity.

Background: Although the prescription of physical activity in clinical care has been advocated worldwide, in the Netherlands, "Exercise is Medicine" (E = M) is not yet routinely implemented in clinical care. Methods: A set of implementation strategies was pilot implemented to test its feasibility for use in routine care by clinicians in 2 departments of a university medical center. An extensive learning process evaluation was performed, using structured mixed methods methodology, in accordance with the Reach, Effect, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. Results: From 5 implementation strategies employed (education, E = M tool embedded in the electronic medical records, lifestyle coach situated within the department, overviews of referral options, and project support), the presence of adequate project support was a strong facilitator of the implementation of E = M. Also, the presence of the lifestyle coach within the department seemed essential for referral rate. Although clinicians appreciated the E = M tool, barriers hampered its use in practice. Conclusions: Specific implementation strategies, tailored to the setting, are effective in facilitating the implementation of E = M with specific regard to education for clinicians on E = M, deployment of a lifestyle coach within a department, and project coordination. Care providers do see a future for lifestyle coaches who are structurally embedded in the hospital, to whom they can easily refer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]