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This article examines the role that social capital plays in ensuring the survival of street vendors in Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia. The study employed a qualitative research approach informed by a case study design. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select 35 street vendors. In-depth interviews, key informant interviews, and non-participant observations were used as data collection methods. The study revealed that street vendors rely on various forms of bonding, bridging, and linking social capital in their daily life. Such social capital helps them to secure accommodation and food, get suitable vending places, start and expand enterprises, save money, socialize, and maintain social ties. It also helps them to ensure their families' well-being, mutual protection, and the security of goods. Thus, the study recommends that government agencies and non-governmental organizations should work together to help street vendors through their social networks to improve their socioeconomic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aneleay Cherinet,1 Abebayehu Zemedkun,2 Aregahegn Wudineh,1 Wondwosen Molla,1 Daniel Sisay,3 Belay Negassa,4 Andualem Mebratu,1 Aschalew Gossaye,5 Getnet Melaku,1 Derebe Madoro6 1Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia; 2Department of Anesthesiology, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia; 3School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia; 4Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia; 5Departments of Nursing, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia; 6Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Aneleay Cherinet, Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, P.O Box: 419, Dilla, Ethiopia, Tel +251938828045, Email aneleycherinet@gmail.com Abebayehu Zemedkun, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, P.O Box: 419, Dilla, Ethiopia, Tel +251900053426, Email abe.zemedkun@gmail.comIntroduction: Pandemics like COVID-19 has strained healthcare systems globally, particularly in resource-limited settings where pre-existing healthcare gaps and constraints amplify the challenges faced by pregnant women. Having this lesson on pregnant women’s experiences during COVID-19 offers invaluable insights into potential strategies and interventions needed to mitigate the impact of similar outbreaks in the future. Therefore, this phenomenological study aimed to uncover the experiences of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dilla town, Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia.Method and Materials: A descriptive phenomenological design was employed at Dilla University teaching hospital. A Purposive sampling technique was used and point of data saturation was declared at participant 16th. An in-depth interview was conducted in a private room after they received antenatal care services. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analysed using the open code software version 4.03. The interviews were transcribed verbatim to provide tick descriptions of data. Thematic analysis was employed using an inductive approach. Direct quotes from participants were included without any grammar editing to preserve their intended meaning.Results: Our study found five predominant themes: mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, health impact of COVID-19, concerns over the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 influence on social engagements, and challenge on getting reliable information.Conclusion and Recommendation: This study identified that pregnant women experienced various challenges during the pandemic which includes psychological problems, health impact of COVID-19, economic problems, lack of reliable information and limited social support. Hence, implementing a customized approach by integrating psychosocial interventions with prenatal care services and conducting intensive health education sessions and economic empowerment are beneficial as mitigation strategies to better prepare for future pandemics.Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, pregnant women, lived experience, resource limited, phenomenological study, Dilla

Benyiam Kaloro Halala,1 Musa Mohammed Ali,2 Moges Desta Ormago2 1Referral Hospital, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia; 2School of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Moges Desta Ormago, Email moges22@gmail.comIntroduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in Africa. The simultaneous occurrence of both infections leads to delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection among presumptive Tuberculosis adult cases at Dilla University Referral Hospital, Dilla, Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 presumptive TB cases visiting TB clinic at Dilla University Referral Hospital from April to June 2021. Following the Bartlett’s criteria, the accepted sputum samples were cultured on Blood agar plate and chocolate agar plate. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified and confirmed by typical colony morphology, alpha-hemolysis, gram staining, optochin susceptibility and bile solubility tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done by using SPSS version 23.0, computer software.Results: The overall prevalence of S. pneumoniae in presumptive tuberculosis adult cases was 21.4% (95% CI: 17.7– 25.5). S. pneumoniae has a high level of resistance to penicillin (74.1%), tetracycline (78.7%) and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (46%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 46.1% of bacterial isolates. Being primary education, more than five family size and one or two rooms in the house had more likely to cause S. pneumoniae infection.Conclusion: This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of multidrug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Primary educational status, living in a crowded family, below two rooms in the house, had a significant association with S. pneumoniae infection.Keywords: S. pneumoniae, antimicrobial susceptibility, tuberculosis, Dilla, Ethiopia

Fitsum Demissie,1 Henok Buno,1 Getahun Paulos2 1Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Health, Bule-Hora University, Bule-Hora, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Getahun Paulos, Tel +251 911-72-44-71, Email getahun.paulos@ju.edu.etBackground: Inappropriate pharmaceutical services may result in unsafe, ineffective, and poor-quality treatment. This practice ultimately will lead to prolonged illness, suffering and damage to the patient and an increase in the cost of treatment. This study aims to assess the activities of pharmacy professionals and the pharmaceutical service quality given in community drug retail outlets of selected towns, Southern Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all drug retail outlets working in Adola, Bule Hora, Dilla, and Yabelo towns, southern Ethiopia from October 1 to November 30, 2021, by interview through self- structured questionnaires and participant observations of the dispensing process.Results: A total of 46 (100%) dispensers participated. Out of which 18 (39.13%) respondents were from Dilla town, 11 (23.91%) were from Adola, 8 (17.39%) were from Bule Hora and 9 (19.57%) were from Yabelo town. Standard Reference Books 21 (45.7%) and Internet 20 (43.5%) were used as drug information sources by pharmacy professionals to get the latest facts about medicines. The leading causes of a dispensing error were incomplete prescription (54.34%) and illegible prescription (30.43%) from the prescriber. The errors were managed by communicating with patients (23, 50%), and prescribers (18, 39.13%). There was a high frequency of dispensing prescription drugs without prescription paper.Conclusion: The study revealed that less than half of the respondents use standard reference books and the internet as their drug information sources. Incomplete prescriptions from the prescribers were found to be the leading cause of dispensing errors. Dispensing of prescription drugs without receiving an order from a prescriber remains a common problem. Therefore, extensive work from regulatory authorities and pharmacy professionals is required to improve the quality of pharmaceutical services provided in drug retail outlets.Keywords: Adola, Bule-Hora, community, Dilla, retail outlets, quality service, Yabelo

IntroductionCognition is defined as the mental activity or process of learning information and understanding through reason, experience, and the senses. In Sub-Saharan African nations like Ethiopia, such assessments of a pregnant mother's mental health during antenatal care are uncommon procedures. Instead, there is a greater focus on the physical well-being of the woman and her fetus. As a result, this study aimed to evaluate the cognitive deficits and related factors in a pregnant women attending an antenatal care service.MethodsThis hospital-based cross-sectional study included 415 pregnant women who were receiving antenatal care at Dilla University Referral Hospital in Dilla, Gedeo Zone, Ethiopia. In this study, respondents were chosen using systematic random sampling, and study participants were interviewed using administered questions to gather pertinent data. This study used the OSLO Social Support Scale, the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test, and the Mini-Mental Status Examination to assess the social support, cognitive status, and current substance use history of a respondent. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, graphs, and percentages were used to describe the results. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the connection between independent factors and the outcome variable at a 95 percent confidence level and p 26 years old [1.23 (1.14–2.54), p

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in Africa. The simultaneous occurrence of both infections leads to delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection among presumptive Tuberculosis adult cases at Dilla University Referral Hospital, Dilla, Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 presumptive TB cases visiting TB clinic at Dilla University Referral Hospital from April to June 2021. Following the Bartlett's criteria, the accepted sputum samples were cultured on Blood agar plate and chocolate agar plate. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified and confirmed by typical colony morphology, alpha-hemolysis, gram staining, optochin susceptibility and bile solubility tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done by using SPSS version 23.0, computer software. Results: The overall prevalence of S. pneumoniae in presumptive tuberculosis adult cases was 21.4% (95% CI: 17.7– 25.5). S. pneumoniae has a high level of resistance to penicillin (74.1%), tetracycline (78.7%) and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (46%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 46.1% of bacterial isolates. Being primary education, more than five family size and one or two rooms in the house had more likely to cause S. pneumoniae infection. Conclusion: This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of multidrug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Primary educational status, living in a crowded family, below two rooms in the house, had a significant association with S. pneumoniae infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dirshaye Argaw, Robel Hussen Kabthymer, Mahlet Birhane Human Nutrition Unit, School of Public Health, Dilla University, Dilla, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Robel Hussen Kabthymer Human Nutrition UnitSchool of Public Health, Dilla University, Dilla 419, EthiopiaTel +251913575702Email Robelhussen@rocketmail.comPurpose: The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) at Dilla University referral Hospital, South Ethiopia.Patients and Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2019, among 373 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Dilla University referral hospital. Socio-demographic factors, nutritional, medical and obstetric information of the study participants were collected using a structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin was measured using a hemacue machine, and fecal specimens were examined to detect intestinal parasites. Bivariate and multiple variable binary logistic regressions were used to identify predictors of anemia. A p-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: Overall prevalence of anemia was 28.7%, of which 19.6% had mild anemia. Decreased odds of anemia were found in women with good nutritional status (MUAC ≥ 24 cm) (AOR= 0.07 95% CI: 0.03– 0.1), iron supplementation (AOR=0.06 95% CI: 0.02– 0.15) and birth spacing ≥ 2 yrs (AOR=0.03 95% CI: 0.009– 0.45). However, increased odds of anemia were seen in pregnant women with intestinal parasites (AOR=6.11 95% CI 7.70– 37.0).Conclusion: The magnitude of anemia among pregnant women was found to be a moderate public health problem. Iron supplementation, good nutritional status (MUAC> 24 cm), and birth spacing reduce the odds of anemia. But having intestinal parasites was found to increase the likelihood of anemia during pregnancy. Counseling on birth spacing, strengthening iron supplementation, and intestinal parasite management during pregnancy should be given due emphasis.Keywords: pregnancy, anemia, Dilla, Ethiopia, prevalence

This article sheds light on challenges to schooling based on a qualitative study of 24 street working children in Dilla town, Southern Ethiopia. The empirical data used in this study were gathered through repeated periods of fieldwork carried out in 2018 in Dilla town. The author used semi-participant observation, informal dialogue, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and self-reported diaries to obtain the empirical data. This study has also benefited from various secondary sources. As the study shows, affording expenses to be at school, combining street work and schoolwork, perceived low returns on schooling, exclusions at school, and lack of helpful home environment are conditions that challenge children's schooling endeavors. Thus, a holistic approach is necessary to ease the challenges that stand in the way of educational services for street-working children. Particularly, there is a need to provide children the necessary material and moral support they deserve (including subsidies and school feeding programs), adopt a flexible school system/ learning approach that fit the needs of those for whom it is intended, create a safe learning environment (within and outside the classroom), ensure the quality of education to enhance the hope it holds for a better future and create a conducive home environment to offer incentives for the children to pay attention to schooling so that they will grow into adults who are capable of making positive contributions to the economic and social development of societies they are in. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Corona virus is continuing over a year ago throughout the world. To handle the spread and vitality of the virus, several investigations have been done and recently the vaccine has launched in order to effect soon. A vaccine has several controversial issues regarding the effectiveness and potential unwanted serious adverse effects. In low-and middle-income countries including Ethiopia, there is a huge knowledge gap and insufficiency of information about the corona vaccine. Trust is exceptionally crucial to utilize any vaccines apply on human being. This study aimed to assess trust about corona vaccine and its associated factors among health professionals working at Dilla University referral hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2021. Method: A hospital-based study employing cross-sectional design and simple random sampling technique was used to select health professionals who are working at Dilla University referral hospital from March 1–15, 2021. Trust about corona vaccine was assessed by a Likert scale type single standard questionnaire. A Binary Logistic regression at 95% CI, p

Abebe Alemu,1 Getnet Melaku,1 Gerezgiher Buruh Abera,2 Ashenafi Damte21Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia; 2Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, EthiopiaBackground: Globally, perinatal asphyxia is a significant contributing factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors with perinatal asphyxia among newborns in Dilla University referral hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among newborns in Dilla University referral hospital, Ethiopia from February to April 2017. Systematic random sampling techniques were used to enroll a total of 262 study subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the perinatal asphyxia among newborns.Result: Of the newborns, 32.8% had perinatal asphyxia, and factors associated significantly were anemia during pregnancy (adjusted OR=2.99, 95%CI: 1.07–8.35), chronic hypertension (adjusted OR=4.89, 95%CI: 1.16–20.72), meconium-stained amniotic fluid (adjusted OR=3.59, 95%CI: 1.74–7.42), and low birth weight newborns (adjusted OR=3.31, 95%CI: 1.308–8.37).Conclusion: Maternal anemia during pregnancy, chronic hypertension, meconium stained amniotic fluid, and low birth weight were significantly associated with perinatal asphyxia. Therefore, early screening and appropriate intervention during pregnancy, and intrapartum might reduce perinatal asphyxia among newborns.Keywords: perinatal asphyxia, newborn, Dilla, Ethiopia

Safe and adequate quantity of water is crucial for the implementation of infection prevention and control measures during the prevention of COVID-19. Rainwater harvesting could be an optional water source to fulfill or support the emergency water demand in areas where there is abundant rainfall. The study aimed to assess the rainwater harvesting potential and storage requirements for households and selected institutions and to determine its adequacy to satisfy the emergency water demand for the prevention of COVID-19 in Dilla town, Southern Ethiopia. Rainwater harvesting potential for households and selected institutions were quantified using 17 years’ worth of rainfall data from the Ethiopian Meteorology Agency. To address the rainfall variability, we computed the confidence limits of monthly harvest-able rainwater potential using confidence intervals about the mean as well as confidence intervals using Coefficient of Variation (COV) of monthly rainfall. The storage requirements were also estimated by considering the driest and west seasons and months. The average annual rainfall in Dilla town was 1464 mm. Households with a roof area of 40 and 100 m2 have the potential to harvest 7.2–39.66 m3 and 19.11–105.35 m3 of rainwater respectively. Similarly, the rainwater harvesting potential for the selected institutions was in the range of 34524.5–190374.5, 4070.8–14964.8 , 1140.4–6288.6, 4561.7–25154.3, 5605.8–14152.8 , and 402.4–2219.1 m3 of rainwater for colleges, vocational schools, secondary schools, primary schools, Dilla University Referral Hospital and health centers respectively. These institutional rainwater harvesting potentials can address, 24–132.2, 222.4 –817.8, 59.4–327.3, 34.6–190.9, 94.5–238.5, and 28.2–155.7 % of the colleges, vocational schools, secondary schools, primary schools, Dilla University referral hospital, and, health centers emergency water demand respectively. Rainwater can be an alternative water source for the town in the prevention and control of COVID-19. Further applied researches must be conducted that can address the rainwater quality and treatment for ease of use.

Background: Bipolar spectrum disorders (BPSDs) are more common among HIV-positive individuals than the general population. Although BPSDs have very diverse and devastating consequences (immune suppression, cognitive impairment and poor medication adherence), little is known about BPSDs among HIV-positive individuals in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of BPSDs among adults attending antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics in Gedeo zone health centers, southern Ethiopia. Patients and methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted by screening 412 randomly selected HIV-positive individuals using Mood Disorder Questionnaire. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with BPSDs. Adjusted OR (AOR) with corresponding 95% CI was computed to determine the association. Results: Of the total 412 participants, 11.2% were screened positive for BPSDs. Lower CD4 count (AOR =2.97; 95% CI: 1.11, 7.90), past history of mental health problem (AOR =3.35; 95% CI: 1.576, 7.144), poor social support (AOR =2.6; 95% CI: 1.06, 6.63) and poor ART drug adherence (AOR =3.59; 95% CI: 1.78, 7.21) had a positive association with BPSDs. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of BPSDs was high among adult patients attending ART clinics in Gedeo zone health centers. Poor social support, poor ART drug adherence, lower CD4 level and history of mental illness had statistically significant association with BPSDs. This demonstrates a need for the integration of Mental Health and Psycho Social Support with HIV/AIDS care services. Moreover, establishing good social support and controlling ART adherence were found to be very crucial too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family planning is known not only as a fundamental intervention for improving the health of women but also as a human right. The aim of this study was to assess the current knowledge, attitude and practice of contraceptive use among female students in Dilla secondary and preparatory school, Dilla, South Ethiopia, 2014. A cross sectional study was conducted among 288 female students in Dilla secondary and preparatory school, south Ethiopia, June 19- 29/2014. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. The data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by SPSS 20. Chi-square test was used to identify associated factors. A total of 263 female students were involved in this study, of which 249 (94.7%) had good knowledge about contraception. The three most frequently identified methods were injectable form (83.9%), oral contraceptive pills (72.7%) and condom (48.6%). A total of 15.7% respondents ever used contraceptive. Among the users, 56.4% used oral contraceptive pills, and 23.1 and 10.2% used injectable form and condom, respectively. In spite of the fact that most respondents had good knowledge of contraception, their attitude and practice was low. Emphasis needs to be given on disseminating health information concerning the attitude and practice of contraceptive method.

Family planning is known not only as a fundamental intervention for improving the health of women but also as a human right. The aim of this study was to assess the current knowledge, attitude and practice of contraceptive use among female students in Dilla secondary and preparatory school, Dilla, South Ethiopia, 2014. A cross sectional study was conducted among 288 female students in Dilla secondary and preparatory school, south Ethiopia, June 19- 29/2014. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. The data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by SPSS 20. Chi-square test was used to identify associated factors. A total of 263 female students were involved in this study, of which 249 (94.7%) had good knowledge about contraception. The three most frequently identified methods were injectable form (83.9%), oral contraceptive pills (72.7%) and condom (48.6%). A total of 15.7% respondents ever used contraceptive. Among the users, 56.4% used oral contraceptive pills, and 23.1 and 10.2% used injectable form and condom, respectively. In spite of the fact that most respondents had good knowledge of contraception, their attitude and practice was low. Emphasis needs to be given on disseminating health information concerning the attitude and practice of contraceptive method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background About 60% of new HIV infections occur in HIV sero-discordant couples as 30% of married HIV positives have negative spouse. Although HIV-discordant couples are at 10% annual risk of acquiring HIV infection and large number of new HIV infections occur in stable partnerships, most HIV prevention programs focus on reducing casual sexual partners, condom use, and increasing fidelity among married partners. The purpose is assessment of sero-discordance among couples and associated factors. Methods The study was facility based cross sectional survey of couples who tested for HIV in 2011 and lived together at least 1 year period. The sample size was 154 couples (308 individuals) and necessary ethical issues were considered. Results Among 152 couples (304 individuals) who received VCT, HIV sero-prevalence in this study was found to be 11(3.6%). The prevalence in females 8(5.3%) was higher than that in males 3(2.0%). Of all participants, 9(3.0%) were found to be sero-discordant, 2(0.7%) concordant positive and 293(96.4%) concordant negative. Of all couples 9(5.9%) were found to be serodiscordant, 2(1.3%) concordant positive and 141(92.8%) concordant negative. Of the 9 serodiscordant couples,, the 7(4.6%) prevalence in females was higher than 2(1.3%) in males. And, among 9 discordant couples, 5 of them were premarital sex partner and the rest 4 were married couples. Premarital couples were significantly discordant than married couples, AOR = 1.68; 95%CI (1.36- 5.40). HIV discordance was also significantly associated with having number of two or more sexual partners than one sexual partner AOR = 4.06; 95%CI (2.41-10.13). Conclusion The study indicated high prevalence of HIV discordance and increased risk of vulnerability. Therefore, couples should be aware of their own and their partners' sero-status before and after engagement. Again, the following risk reduction methods were recommended: education of discordant couples on 100% correct condom use, and if condom breaks, or if they forget to use, Post-Exposure Prophylaxis must be established; for those who are not volunteer to use condom and/or have a child, early initiation of ART to positive partner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Good handover creates a common understanding of responsibility and patients' status. To proceed with effective handover process, effective communication between healthcare providers plays a vital role. But, it is commonly observed that there is ineffective communication between health care providers and it increases the risk of medical errors and negatively affects the quality of care, patient outcome and satisfaction. In addition, the transfer of care after surgery to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) presents special challenges to providers on both the delivering and receiving teams., Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at post anesthesia care unit of Dilla University Referral Hospital from October 1 to November 30, 2020. To conduct the study, consecutively selected 208 handovers of patients from operation theatre (OT) to PACU were assessed. A checklist was developed based on a combination of criteria adopted from the Australian Medical Association 2006 and British Doctors Committee 2004. It was pilot tested and changes were made before the actual data collection., Result: Our study found that the postoperative patient handover practice among professionals was poor (below 50%) in the areas of patients' full name, age, medical registration number (MRN), ASA class, allergic history, medical history, baseline vital signs, preoperative diagnosis and surgical procedure performed. Our study also found poor postoperative hand overing regarding the intraoperative blood loss 9.6%, intraoperative clinical incidents 5.3%, recovery condition 7.2%, postoperative analgesia plan 18.8%, and post operative antibiotic plan 8.2%. Whereas, type of anesthesia 81.3%, intraoperative vital signs 80.8%, and intraoperative analgesia used 79.8%, intraoperative fluid management 80.8% were among the indicators with >50% completion rate., Conclusion and Recommendation: Our study found a poor practice of patient handover regarding sociodemographic and preoperative profile, anesthesia, surgery and other necessary information. We believe standardizing this process and providing training will improve the quality of postoperative handovers and the safety of patients during this critical period., Competing Interests: Declarations of interest: none., (© 2022 The Author(s).)

Background: During pregnancy, due to the physiological and hormonal change, the requirement of iron-folic acid is enhanced. Therefore, the occurrence of iron/folic acid deficiency is relatively high and it is responsible for 95% of anemia during pregnancy., Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess adherence to prenatal iron-folic acid supplementation (IFAS) and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care services at public health facilities of Dilla town., Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed selecting 403 pregnant women attending antenatal care services in three public health institutions of Dilla town. The women were included in the study by simple random sampling. Data were collected by interview and document review. Then it was entered into EPI Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression techniques were used to identify independent predictors. A p -value <0.05 was taken as indication of statistical significance., Results: From the total of planned 403 pregnant women, 396 participated in the study, with a response rate of 98.2%. Of these, 172 (43.4%) pregnant women were adhered to IFAS. The study also revealed that history of previous anemia (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.01-3.47); p  = 0.04), frequency of antenatal care center (ANC) visits (AOR = 2.51; 95% CI: (1.17-5.37); p  = 0.01), knowledge of IFA supplement (AOR = 2.28; 95% CI: (1.36-3.82); p  = 0.002), and knowledge of anemia (AOR = 2.30; 95% CI: (1.40-3.77); p  = 0.001) were independent predictors of adherence to IFAS., Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that less than half of the pregnant women were adhered to IFAS. History of previous anemia, frequency of ANC visits, knowledge of IFA supplement, and knowledge of anemia were the factors associated with adherence to IFA supplement., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2021.)

Background: Coronavirus is rapidly increasing in Ethiopia, and the number of perinatal service users at the hospital decreased due to the fear of contracting the virus. The mental health of a pregnant mother is vital for preventing pregnancy and birth-related complications. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of General anxiety disorder among perinatal service users in Dilla University referral hospital, Dilla, Ethiopia., Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 178 respondents from April 6 - May 6, 2020. The sampling technique of this study was Consecutive sampling. Data were collected using a structured interview. General anxiety disorder (GAD-7) was used to determine the outcome variable. Logistic regression analysis and adjusted odd ratio at 95% CI and p < 0.05 was used to determine the statistically significant association between general anxiety disorder and its predictors., Result: A total of 178 respondents with a 100% response rate were enrolled in the study. The mean income of respondents was 1500 (±700) Ethiopian birr. The overall prevalence of general anxiety disorder (GAD) was 32.2%. Living in Rural area [AOR = 0.48; 95% CI: (0.25-0.9) P = 0.02∗], Primary level of education [AOR = 0.41; 95%CI:(0.21-0.75), P = 0.03∗], poor social support [AOR = 4.3995%CI:(2.29-12.53), P = 0.001∗∗] and primigravida [AOR = 3.05; 95% CI: (1.53-6.08), P = 0.001∗∗] were variables significantly associated with general anxiety disorder at 95% confidence interval, p < 0.05., Conclusions: This study found that nearly one-third of the respondents had general anxiety disorder. Therefore, working on the mental health impact of the pandemic among perinatal service users is an urgent solution to promote their physical, mental, and psychological health of a mother and her baby., (© 2020 The Author(s).)