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Respiratory capillariosis is a widely distributed zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the nematode Capillaria aerophila (Trichocephalida, Trichuridae) that commonly infects wild carnivores but also cats and dogs. This retrospective study aims to describe cases of respiratory capillariosis in cats from the city of Belgrade, Serbia. Between 2015 and 2019, a total of 155 pet cats with or without respiratory symptoms were submitted to physical examination and parasitological examination of the feces. All cats lived indoor but had free access to outdoor. In suburban settlements, wild carnivores commonly share their living environments with owned cats and dogs. It can be assumed that more intense urbanization spreading into the natural habitats of will carnivores creates the opportunity for closer and more frequent contacts between the population of cats and feral carnivores which might increase the risk of feline contamination. The findings confirm the existence of capillaries in cats in urban areas of the city of Belgrade, contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology of this nematode and warn that, because of close contacts between cats of pets and humans, capillaries can cause human infection.

Regarding geographical distribution and clinical relevance, the most common canine geohelminths are Toxocara canis, ancylostomatids, and Trichuris vulpis. Canine intestinal parasites from the soil and sand present an important potential serious human health hazard, especially for the children preschool and school – age. This paper aimed to establish the degree of contamination of soil and sand with zoonotic parasites from the canine feces and the degree of risk they could pose for human health in public places and playgrounds in the city of Niš. Our parasitological study involved 200 soil samples and 50 sand samples from the public parks in the city of Niš in southeastern Serbia (43°19′15″N, 21°53′45″ E). From several locations, about 100 g of soil and sand was collected based on the bioclimatic indices. Parasitological diagnosis was performed using conventional qualitative and quantitative coprological methods, abiding by the recommendations about the diagnosis of parasitic diseases. In 38 – 46 % of soil samples and 40 % of sand samples seven species of endoparasites were diagnosed. In the samples of soil, a medium and high degree of contamination with the ascarid T. canis (14 – 22 %) was detected, as well as a low and medium degree of contamination with ancylostomatids (4 – 12 %), and in the samples of sand, a variable degree of contamination with the helminths T. canis (26 %) and A. alata (16 %) was found. A statistically significant difference was found in the contamination with A. alata eggs between the samples of sand and samples of soil. The studied public surfaces represent the reservoir of zoonotic parasites, which is a public health problem requiring a synergistic action of several factors to be successfully resolved, i.e. the implementation of prevention, surveillance, and control measures.

In this paper are presented investigation results of tensile strength and elongation of selected alloys from Pt-Rh system. Samples with the content of rhodium in a concentration range of 7-40% (wt.) were studied. Studies were performed in the temperature range 1100-1500°C at a stress of 2-20 MPa. A universal device for measuring hardness was used to measure the Vickers hardness. For investigation of time strength and elongation at high temperatures, the device Mayes MK2 TC/10 was used. It was found that the value of tensile strength increases with increasing rhodium content, and decreases with increasing temperature. Elongation decreases to 7% Rh, then increases with increasing rhodium content to 15% and then slowly decreases again. With increasing temperature there is a slight increase in elongation.

This paper is focused on cobalt valorization from the cathode material of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by using leaching and electrochemical deposition methods. During the leaching experiments, the degrees of cathode material dissolution in H2SO4-N2 and H2SO4-O2 systems were compared. Maximal degrees of cobalt extraction were 40 % in the former and 47 % in the latter system under following experimental conditions: H2SO4 concentration of 2 mol dm-3, nitrogen/oxygen volumetric flow of 2 L min-1, solid phase concentration of 33 g L-1, and temperature of 85°C. The rate of cobalt extraction from the cathode material in both investigated systems was the most favorable in the first 15 min, after which there was a sudden decrease in the reaction rate. Cobalt from the leaching solution was deposited on a copper substrate by galvanostatic electrochemical deposition with a current efficiency of 84 %. The energy consumption was 5.8 kWh kg-1 of deposited Co. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) method was used to determine the potential of cobalt deposition, as well as side reactions taking place in the system. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry has shown that during the process of electrochemical deposition agglomeration of cobalt particles occurred (in the shape of cauliflower), while the metal was deposited in its elemental state, which was also confirmed by the results of X-ray diffraction analysis.

In the previous period, research was carried out with a focus on the application of various types of microbiological preparations in order to influence their possible influence on the morphological, productive and qualitative properties of industrial plants. Research was conducted in the period from 2015 to 2023 both in the open field and in laboratory conditions. In the group of industrial plants, oil, protein, medicinal, aromatic and spice plants were investigated. This paper shows the influence of certain biopreparations on the treatment of organic soybean seeds before sowing and during cultivation. For that purpose, mixtures of microbiological strains (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus simplex, Bacillus amiloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus megatherium, Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azotobacter chroococum) were used, with the addition of liquid fertilizers of plant origin enriched with K, Ca and Mg. The use of microbiological strains in the cultivation of organic soybeans has a significant effect on increasing the content of proteins and vegetable oils in soybeans, as well as on the values of morphological parameters and yield in the crop of organically produced soybeans. Microbiological preparations have the potential to contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural systems. The use of selected microbiological cultures for treatment during the inoculation of soil and seeds in the cultivation of industrial plants is reflected in the improvement of the nutritional and functional properties of plants, which are an excellent source of valuable food ingredients.

Industry 4.0 has become a global strategic initiative of scientific and technological development, which was launched by the most developed industrial countries in the world, and today has gone the furthest in its implementation. In essence, it is a new model of application of information and communication technology, based primarily on their integration with the object of application (for example in mining - production (BTO), transport, maintenance, etc.). The development and application of the elements of Industry 4.0 in this area leads to the establishment of the smart mining (SM) model, the elements of which will be presented in this paper. As an illustration of the application of this model in our conditions, and for the "Drmno" surface mine, this paper will present a model of planning and maintenance management of ERP (production-technological resource planning) and MES (work order management) model for Industry 4.0 , which uses a private cloud computing model.

The effect of mechanical milling on the thermal behavior of pyrophyllite ore from a deposit in Parsovići, Bosnia and Herzegovina, was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Particle size distribution. The thermal behavior of the material was followed by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis and correlated to its microstructural properties. The Williamson-Hall model was used to calculate the crystallite size and microstrain. Mechanochemical treatment of pyrophyllite ore produced a substantial structural modification, mainly along the c axis, resulting in disorder and partial degradation of the crystal structure of the ore. The particle size diminution, induced defects, and microstrain in the crystal lattice cause decrease in the peak intensity until the final disappearance. As confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and particle-size-distribution analysis, the surface area and the agglomeration is more pronounced as grinding time increases. Dehydroxylation of the minerals in the unmilled ore was realized at 716oC confirm by FTIR analysis. The endothermic peak that corresponds to dehydroxylation is shifted toward lower temperatures and becomes broad giving rise to the formation of amorphous SiO2 as milling time increases.

Dust from an electric arc furnace is formed as the main by-product of the steel production process from the secondary iron-based raw materials. This dust has significant contents of Zn and Fe, as well as Pb, Cd, Ca, Mg, Cr, Mn, Si, Ni, Cu, F, Cl and other elements and is considered hazardous industrial solid waste since it contains heavy metals. In order to protect the environment and public health from the negative impact of this type of hazardous waste, it is necessary, even mandatory, to carry out its treatment in accordance with the legislation of the country where it is located. Before applying any treatment of the electric arc furnace (EAF) dust, it is necessary to perform its detailed characterization. In this paper, the following characterization of EAF dust originating in the Republic of Serbia was performed: physical-mechanical and chemical characterization, determination of granulometric composition, and mineralogical characterization. Also, the EAF dust impact on the environment and human health was assessed (Leachability and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) tests). The results have shown that the Zn content is in the range 32 to 35 % and that the main mineralogical phases of the dust are zincite, franklinite, magnetite, and magnesioferrite. Granulometric analysis has shown that 80 % of the sample consists of particles less than 26 µm in size. According to the leaching test results, the EAF dust is characterized as a hazardous waste due to the increased chloride content, while the TCLP test indicated dust toxicity due to the increased contents of Zn, Cd, and Pb.

Several 2-thiohydаntоin–Shiff base derivatives were prepared as ecofriendly corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acid environment. Their anticorrosion properties were studied on mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution as corrosion electrolyte by using usuаl grаvimеtriс and different elесtrосhemicаl techniques (wеight lоss mеаsurеmеnt, pоtеntiоdynаmiс pоlаrizаtiоn and pоtеntiоstаtiс еlесtrосhеmicаl impеdаnсе sресtrоscору). Mild steel surface was characterized using two analytical techniques, scanning electron microscopy for surface morphology and elemental composition and atomic force microscopy. The study has shown that the inhibiting action of these environmentally benign inhibitors synthesized from inexpensive commercially available starting materials could be attributed to adsorption on the metal surface.

In order to examine the influence of plant growth stimulating bacteria, which belong to the genus Streptomices sp., Paenibacillus sp. and Hymenibacter sp., on the yield and seed quality of linseed and black cumin, as well as on the morphological characteristics of these plants, a two-year field experiments were conducted. Soil treatment with a mixed culture of bacteria of different concentrations was applied during the sowing of plants. Before sowing, the influence of individual strains on the germination index of linseed and black cumin was examined. Based on the results presented in the paper, the strains CKS1 - Paenybacillus chitinolyticus, CKS3 - Hymenobacter sp., and CKS7 - Streptomyces fulvissimus, gave germination index values GI over 100% in linseed, within all tested concentrations, while in black cumin, such an effect was shown only by strain CKS7. The positive effect of the bacterial preparation in both examined plant species was recorded by measuring the yield of seeds per hectare treated with a lower concentration of the bacterial preparation compared to the corresponding untreated samples (control sample). A significant difference was recorded by measuring the number of cocoons in samples of treated linseed compared to untreated ones, as well as the mass of roots of both treated plant species. Also, the highest overall germination compared to the control was achieved by the linseed variant L2 in the treatment with a lower concentration of bacteria of 98.3±1.4%.

The paper analyzes the influence of soil type and its agrochemical characteristics on the morphological and productive parameters of different yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) populations. At 8 locations the following fertility parameters were analyzed: pH (H2 O), pH (KCl), CaCO3 (%), humus (%), total N (%), available P2 O5 and K2 O (mg 100 g-1 soil). From the morphological parameters, the following were measured: plant height, number of leaves, number and diameter of the head, from the productive parameters, the fresh above-ground masses per plant, the fresh above-ground masses and seeds yield per hectare and the harvest index were analyzed. Among the quality parameters of yarrow seeds, germination energy, total germination and weight of 1,000 seeds were examined. The largest number of heads (13.6), a diameter of heads (1.9 cm) and seed yield (386.0 kg ha-1) had the population of yarrow from the location Pančevo (Am1). In this variant, seeds with the highest germination energy (48.8%) and total germination (53.4%) were obtained. The population in this locality was in second place in fresh above-ground masses yield (15,604.0 kg ha-1). The highest fresh above-ground masses yield per hectare, was obtained in variant Am5 (location Starčevo "rit"). The lowest values of morphological and productive parameters and the weakest quality of seeds were found in the yarrow plants originating from soils with less natural fertility and soils located in urban areas.

The aim of this study is to determine whether people are subject to psychophysical numbness during the corona virus pandemic, as well as whether they estimate human lives to be less valuable as the numbers of those infected and dying from the virus increase. In the first and second experiment, the contextual influence of the ratio of the number of the cured-infected and the positive-negative framework on the evaluation of the contribution of healthcare workers, as a measure of the value of human lives, was investigated, respectively. The third experiment aimed at analysing whether the type of inevitable disaster and the amount of money allocated for repairing the consequences affected the evaluation of human life. The contribution of healthcare workers was assessed by 354 respondents in the first experiment, 725 respondents in the second and 729 respondents in the third experiment. The results indicate that the assessment of the contribution of healthcare workers does not depend on the number and percentage of the cured. The main effects of the scenario (the pandemic curve) and framework (positive/negative) are not significant, but their interaction is. The results of the third experiment suggest that valuing of human lives does not depend on the type of catastrophe (the pandemic vs. flood) but on the amount of funds allocated for helping the endangered people. These results have implications for decision-makers during disasters; namely, they should avoid giving only numbers when reporting on the disaster, but combine information on the number of survivors and deaths depending on the current situation, as well as report on individual cases, regardless of the type of disaster.

A study was made on the prevalence of some parasitic infections appearing in domestic rabbits obtained from individual breeders in Serbia in order to improve the agricultural production of these animals. Aside from economic reasons (meat production and reproduction) rabbits are bred for the research purposes, and races are kept as household pets. For these reasons, among others, it is important to gain knowledge of medical culprits including causes of parasitic diseases that compromise their health, well-being and cause economic losses. This parasitological research was conducted in the period from 2010 to 2015 in 8 epidemiological regions of Serbia, on 433 rabbits as representative samples of different races (154 individuals up to 1 years of age and 279 individuals older than 5). Out of the total number of examined rabbits parasitic infections were established in 82.68% of animals. We detected 3 species of endoparasites (Eimeria spp., Trichostrongylus spp., and Passalurus ambiguus) and 3 species of ectoparasites (Scabies from genera Sarcoptes, Psoroptes and Notoedres). In “kits" (small rabbits) coccidiosis was the most prevalent disease (50.65%), while in older animals trichostrongilidosis was common (39.07%). The most represented scabies infection was with the species Psoroptes cuniculi (12.01%). Aiming at better control on the health of rabbits, there is a growing need for continual monitoring of parasitic infections including appropriate diagnosis, application efficient therapeutic protocols and control measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents the methods for testing the resistance of materials due to corrosion of structural steel, in the presence of corrosion agents in the immediate vicinity of the industrial complex RTB in Bor. General corrosion testing was performed near the Sulfuric Acid Plant, Electrolytic Refining Plant and next to the automatic air quality monitoring station in Bor for 6 months, as well as in the salt chamber for 120h and 240h and by immersion of samples in electrolyte solution from the Electrolytic Refining Plant for of a month. The results were compared with the standard samples stored in the laboratory. A method based on measuring the loss of mass was used to evaluate the material corrosion resistance. Samples are rectangular, dimensions adopted according to the standard EN 10002-1. The steel used is S235, and its mechanical characteristics were obtained from the tensile test.

This paper presents the results of the Pb2+ adsorption from synthetic Pb(NO3)2 solutions, using the beech sawdust and wheat straw as adsorbents. Physicochemical characterization of the adsorbents included the specific surface area, pHpzc, SEM-EDS and FTIR analysis. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms, as well as changes in the pH solution during the process, were monitored and analyzed. The results showed that the adsorption is well explained by the pseudosecond order kinetic model for both adsorbents. Adsorption of the Pb2+ on sawdust and straw is well described by the Temkin isotherm, which is confirmed by the high values of the regression coefficient R2. The maximum adsorption capacity of lead ions on the beech sawdust and wheat straw was 9.9 and 9.7 mg g-1, respectively. The obtained results have indicated that the beech sawdust and wheat straw are suitable adsorbents for the adsorption of lead ions from dilute aqueous solutions.

The paper examines the effect of the application of three different preparations on the presence of four economically significant diseases in the crops of pot marigold, valerian and potato. On pot marigold, the intensity was determined of pot marigold powdery mildew infection of the marigold leaf (Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun & Shishkoff), whereas on valerian, it was the intensity of valerian stem canker and black mold (Alternaria alternata (Fr. ex Fr.) Keissel), and in potatoes, the intensity of early blight (Alternaria solani (Ellis & Mart.)) and that of late blight (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary). Of the preparations, the synthetic preparation "Sekvenca" ("Sequence") (a.m. difenoconazole, 250 g/l) was applied at a dose of 0.5 l/ha, the registered biostimulant "Zlatno inje" ("Golden frost") (manure-based fertiliser) was applied at a dose of 3.0 l/ha, microbiological preparation (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. TMF3) at a dose of 3.0 l/ha. The fourth variant was the control variant, i.e. the variant without treatment. Field experiments were performed during 2019 at two locations in the wider area of the City of Pančevo. The experiments were performed by a randomised block system with three replications. The size of the main plot was 9.0 m2 (4.5 x 2.0 m). The following was used as plant material: the pot marigold variety of "Domaći oranž" ("Domestic orange"), the valerian variety of "Vojvođanski" ("Vojvodinian") and the potato variety of "Desire". The first assessment of disease intensity was performed one month following the treatment with the selected preparations, and the second one was performed two weeks after the first assessment. In the pot marigold crops, the smallest infection percentage had the plants treated with the type Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TMF3, in valerian, the fewest plants infected with the fungus A. alternata were recorded on small plots on which the synthetic preparation "Sekvenca" was applied, which was also the case with early blight and late blight. The weakest efficiency in the control of pot marigold powdery mildew infection and valerian stem canker and black mold was recorded with the use of the biostimulant "Zlatno inje", which showed the highest efficiency in the case of late blight. The highest yield of pot marigold seeds (632.7 kg/ha) had been treated with the type Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TMF3, with valerian, the highest seeds yield was recorded following the application of the preparation "Sekvenca" (186.1 kg/ha), while in potatoes, the highest amount of tubers was recorded with the preparation "Zlatno inje" (30.83 t/ha). However, if the agroecological and the agrotechnical aspects of production are taken into account, by the use of the type Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TMF3, a satisfactory basis was achieved for various kinds of further research of this and similar preparations in order to improve the existing production of medicinal and other types of plants.

Development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) during the latest decades resulted in improved performances of the new integrated cathode materials and in their wide applications. This rapid expansion of new materials led to the intensive replacement of the old-fashioned, traditional materials and increased a simultaneous accumulation of both kinds of materials at extremely hazardous electronic waste sites, which additionally increased an urgent need for their recycling. Most importantly, in this way, spent LIBs may further serve as a significant source of valuable metals such as Li and cobalt. However, one of the key problems in LIBs recycling is the absence of a precise battery classification/sorting based on the chemical composition of the used cathode material. In this paper, characterization of the cathode material was performed regarding chemical composition of 40 samples of spent LIBs using inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. Preparation of the samples, (pretreatment) included: discharging, dismantling, separation of the main components (cathode, anode and the separator), and detachment of the cathode material from the aluminium foil. The obtained results showed that, in the investigated commercially available LIBs, lithium cobalt oxide was the most frequently used (cathode) material. [Projects of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. OI172031, Grant no. III46010, and Grant no. TR34024]