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Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is one of the enabling technologies for 5G networks that support proximity-based service (ProSe) for wireless network communications. This paper proposes a power control algorithm based on the Nash equilibrium and game theory to eliminate the interference between the cellular user device and D2D links. This leads to reliable connectivity with minimal power consumption in wireless communication. The power control in D2D is modeled as a non-cooperative game. Each device is allowed to independently select and transmit its power to maximize (or minimize) user utility. The aim is to guide user devices to converge with the Nash equilibrium by establishing connectivity with network resources. The proposed algorithm with pricing factors is used for power consumption and reduces overall interference of D2Ds communication. The proposed algorithm is evaluated in terms of the energy efficiency of the average power consumption, the number of D2D communication, and the number of iterations. Besides, the algorithm has a relatively fast convergence with the Nash Equilibrium rate. It guarantees that the user devices can achieve their required Quality of Service (QoS) by adjusting the residual cost coefficient and residual energy factor. Simulation results show that the power control shows a significant reduction in power consumption that has been achieved by approximately 20% compared with algorithms in [11].

Due to Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) limitations in processing power and battery lifetime. The tethered UAV (TUAV) offers an attractive approach to answer these shortcomings. Since a tethered connected to UAV is one potential energy solution to provide a stable power supply that connects to the ground would achieve impressive performances in smart environments and disaster recovery. The proposed solution is intended to provide stable energy and increase the coverage area of TUAV for smart environments and disaster recovery. This paper proposed that the tethered connected to UAV will provide the continuous supply and exchange the data with ground terminals. Besides the adjustable tether length, elevation angels act to increase the hovering region, leading to the scalability of coverage in many applications. Moreover, the power consumption and transmission the distance while achieving a trade-off between the hovering and coverage probabilities. The simulation results demonstrate efficient performance in terms of line-of-sight probability, path loss, and coverage probability for scalability coverage smart environments and disaster recovery scenarios. Furthermore, maximum coverage probability is achieved versus increased tethered length because of the gain and fly over a region of maximum tethered.

Natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes immensely impact the telecommunication network infrastructure, leading to the malfunctioning and interruption of wireless services. Consequently, the user devices under the disaster zone are unable to access the cellular base stations. Wireless coverage on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is considered for providing coverage service to ground user devices in disaster events. This work evaluated the efficient performance of wireless coverage services of UAVs to provide the internet to fly things to help recover the communications link in a natural disaster in multi environments. The results demonstrate the line of sight, nonline of sight, path loss, and coverage probability for the radio propagation environment scenario. Therefore, the path loss and coverage probability are affected by the user devices' elevation angle and distance in the multi-environment system. The user position's optimum user device distance and elevation angle are also investigated to improve the coverage probability, which could be especially useful for the UAV deployment design.

The malfunction or interruption of wireless coverage services has been shown to increase the mortality rate during natural disasters. Wireless coverage by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) provides network coverage to ground user devices during and post-disaster events. The relay hops receive wireless coverage and can be forwarded to user devices that are out of coverage allowing reliable connectivity for large-scale user devices. This work evaluates the optimal relay hops performance to improve wireless coverage services and establish connectivity in post-disaster scenarios. The results demonstrate the UAV line of sights understanding to select an optimal relay for improving wireless coverage services. The path loss probability and system capacity were all affected by the user device distance and relay densities. The optimal relay hop distance and the UAV positions static are also investigated to improve coverage likelihood which could be especially useful for UAV deployment design. It is found that the dense relays node in UAV systems enhances the capacity coverage area and energy efficiency by decentralized connectivity through a multihop device to device wireless network.

An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a promising technology for providing wireless coverage to ground user devices. For all the infrastructure communication networks destroyed in disasters, UAVs battery life is challenging during service delivery in a post-disaster scenario. Therefore, selecting cluster heads among user devices plays a vital role in detecting UAV signals and processing data for improving UAV energy efficacy and reliable Connectivity. This paper focuses on the performance evaluation of the clustering approach performance in detecting wireless coverage services with improving energy efficiency. The evaluation performance is a realistic simulation for the ground to air channel Line of Sight (LoS). The results show that the cluster head can effectively link the UAVs and cluster members at minimal energy expenditure. The UAVs altitudes and path loss exponent affected user devices for detecting wireless coverage. Moreover, the bit error rate in the cluster heads is considered for reliable Connectivity in post disaster. Clustering stabilizes the clusters linking the uncovered nodes to the UAV, and its effectiveness in doing so resulted in its ubiquity in emergency communication systems., Comment: conference