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3. SEAwise Report on the Key Species and Habitats Impacted by Fishing

Author

Beukhof, E., Piet, G., Uhlmann, S., Brown, E. J., Astarloa, A., Van Hoey, G., Lynam, C. P., Spedicato, M.-T., Reijden, K. van der, Dinesen, G., Eigaard, O., Girardin, R., Halouani, G., Basurko, O. C., Altuna-Etxabe, Miren, Garcia, D., Romagnoni, G., Carbonara, P., Smith, C., Papadopoulou, N., Tsagarakis, K., Lefkaditou, E., Anastasopoulou, K., Chatzispyrou, A., Kempf, A., Bernreuther, M., Festjens, F., Seghers, S., Bluemel, J., Thorpe, R., MacMillan, I., Potier, M., Binch, L., Poos, J. J., Depestele, J., Eliasen, S., Kraan, Marloes, Taylor, M., Vassilopoulou, C., Jacobsen, N. S., Rindorf, A., Beukhof, E., Piet, G., Uhlmann, S., Brown, E. J., Astarloa, A., Van Hoey, G., Lynam, C. P., Spedicato, M.-T., Reijden, K. van der, Dinesen, G., Eigaard, O., Girardin, R., Halouani, G., Basurko, O. C., Altuna-Etxabe, Miren, Garcia, D., Romagnoni, G., Carbonara, P., Smith, C., Papadopoulou, N., Tsagarakis, K., Lefkaditou, E., Anastasopoulou, K., Chatzispyrou, A., Kempf, A., Bernreuther, M., Festjens, F., Seghers, S., Bluemel, J., Thorpe, R., MacMillan, I., Potier, M., Binch, L., Poos, J. J., Depestele, J., Eliasen, S., Kraan, Marloes, Taylor, M., Vassilopoulou, C., Jacobsen, N. S., and Rindorf, A.

Abstract

The implementation of ecosystem-based fisheries management requires knowledge on the ecological impact of fishing activities on species and their habitats – those both targeted and not targeted by fisheries. To identify which ecological impacts are key and what is known about them, SEAwise consulted stakeholders through European Advisory Councils and conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature to map the available knowledge and evidence. Specific reference was given to the bycatch of Protected, Endangered and Threatened (PET) species, benthic habitats, food webs and biodiversity, and impact from fisheries-related litter and ghost nets. At the stakeholder consultations, sharks and/or elasmobranchs, turtles, species interactions, and seals or marine mammals were identified as top ranked in at least three out of the five regions. Other terms identified by at least two Case Study regions were: seabirds, sensitive species, benthic habitats, litter, PET species, invasive species and species interactions. Relevant data were extracted from 549 retained papers. The majority of studies were conducted in the Mediterranean Sea, whereas only few papers reported on fishing impacts in the Baltic Sea (see figure below). Bony fish (teleosts) and benthos were the most studied ecosystem components in all Case Study regions, whereas marine mammals and cartilaginous fish were often studied in relation to bycatch of PET species. Out of the 549 papers, most of them were related to fishing impacts on food webs and biodiversity and benthic habitats, followed by bycatch of PET species and other fishing impact studies (not related to any task). Fewest studies were related to the impact of fisheries-related litter and ghost nets. Demersal trawls were by far the most studied gear in studies on commercial fishing impacts. For recreational fisheries, hooks and lines, in particular angling, was the most studied fishing activity. Among the items identified

Published
2022

5. The footprint of bottom trawling in European waters: distribution, intensity, and seabed integrity

Author

Eigaard, O, Bastardie, F, Niels, T, Hintzen, T, Buhl Mortensen, L, Buhl Mortensen, M, Catarino, R, Dinesen, G, Egekvist, J, Fock, H, Geitner, K, Gerritsen, H, Marín González, M, Jonsson, P, Kavadas, S, Laffargue, P, Lundy, M, Mirelis, G, Rasmus Nielsen, J, Papadopoulou, N, Posen, P, Pulcinella, J, Russo, T, Sala, A, Silva, C, Smith, C, Vanelslander, B, and Rijnsdorp, A

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, bottom trawl, trawling intensity, fishing pressure, trawling footprint, seabed habitat, indicators, seabed integrity, benthic impact, north east Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, Bottom trawl, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, trawling footprint, trawling intensity, seabed integrity, Mediterranean sea, Benthic impact, marine ecosystems, Seabed, disturbance, Biomass (ecology), geography.geographical_feature_category, seabed habitat, Ecology, benthic communities, Bottom trawling, bottom trawl, Benthic zone, Seabed integrity, impact, floor integrity, Fishing pressure, Fisheries management, Trawling intensity, management, north east Atlantic, Settore BIO/07, Seabed habitat, southern north-sea, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, Trawling footprint, Onderzoeksformatie, framework, Mediterranean Sea, Indicators, Northeast Atlantic, 14. Life underwater, fishing pressure, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, geography, mobile fishing gear, Trawling, Continental shelf, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, indicators, benthic impact, fisheries, WIAS, Environmental science
Abstract

Mapping trawling pressure on the benthic habitats is needed as background to support an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. The extent and intensity of bottom trawling on the European continental shelf (0–1000 m) was analysed from logbook statistics and vessel monitoring system data for 2010–2012 at a grid cell resolution of 1 1 min longitude and latitude. Trawling intensity profiles with seabed impact at the surface and subsurface level are presented for 14 management areas in the North-east Atlantic, Baltic Sea and Mediterranean Sea. The footprint of the management areas ranged between 53–99% and 6–94% for the depth zone from 0 to 200 m (Shallow) and from 201 to 1000 m (Deep), respectively. The footprint was estimated as the total area of all grid cells that were trawled fully or partially. Excluding the VC International Council for the Exploration of the Sea 2016. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com ICES Journal of Marine Science (2016), doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsw194 ICES Journal of Marine Science Advance Access published December 22, 2016 Downloaded from http://icesjms.oxfordjournals.org/ by Howard Browman on December 23, 2016 untrawled proportions reduced the footprint estimates to 28–85% and 2–77%. Largest footprints per unit landings were observed off Portugal and in the Mediterranean Sea. Mean trawling intensity ranged between 0.5 and 8.5 times per year, but was less in the Deep zone with a maximum intensity of 6.4. Highest intensities were recorded in the Skagerrak-Kattegat, Iberian Portuguese area, Tyrrhenian Sea and Adriatic Sea. Bottom trawling was highly aggregated. For the Shallow zone the seabed area where 90% of the effort occurred comprised between 17% and 63% (median 36%) of the management area. Footprints were high over a broad range of soft sediment habitats. Using the longevity distribution of the untrawled infaunal community, the seabed integrity was estimated as the proportion of the biomass of benthic taxa where the trawling interval at the subsurface level exceeds their life span. Seabed integrity was low (

Published
2017
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6. Background knowledge and tools for prediction of ecological impacts

Author

Moschella, P., Abbiati, M., Airoldi, L., Bacchiocchi, F., Bertasi, F., Bulleri, F., Ceccherelli, V. U., Colangelo, M. A., Tomas Cedhagen, Vries, M., Dinesen, G. E., Aberg, P., Jonsson, P., Granhag, L., Sundelöf, A., Burcharth, H.F., Hawkins, S.J., Zanuttigh, B., and Lamberti, A.

Published
2007

9. Improving seabed substrate mapping with high-resolution bottom trawl data.

Author

van der Reijden KJ, Ernstsen VB, Olsen J, Dinesen GE, Leth JO, and Eigaard OR

Subjects
North Sea, Ecosystem, Fisheries
Abstract

Accurate seabed substrate maps are essential for marine management, as substrate is an important component of the habitat type and used as a proxy for the prevailing benthic community. The provision of substrate maps, however, is hampered by the excessive costs of at-sea observations and, consequently, the uncertainty associated with spatial models used to interpolate these observations to full-coverage maps. Here, we tested whether high-resolution distributions of bottom trawling activity, readily collected under EU law, could improve the accuracy of substrate interpolations. Fishing distributions contain indirect information of the substrate type, as targeted species often show habitat preferences and gear types are designed for particular substrates. For two study areas in the Danish North Sea, we demonstrate that including spatial distributions of bottom trawl fisheries in substrate interpolation models results in more accurate substrate predictions. This potentially opens a novel source of previously unused information for improved seabed substrate interpolation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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