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Objective: To analyze the effectiveness ofvolar locking compression plate (LCP) and radial styloid process plate for the treatment of type C fractures of the distal radius., Methods: Between May 2010 and May 2011, 24 cases of type C fractures of the distal radius were treated, including 8 males and 16 females with an average age of 52 years (range, 23-73 years). Injury was caused by falling in 20 cases and by traffic accident in 4 cases. All were fresh closed fractures. The locations were the left side in 15 cases and the right side in 9 cases. According to AO typing, there were 16 cases of type C2 and 8 cases of type C3. The preoperative palmar tilt angle ranged from 60 to 25 degrees (mean, -45.3 degrees); the preoperative ulnar inclination angle ranged from 16 to 13 degrees (mean, 8.2 degrees); and the preoperative radial length shortening was 8-18 mm (mean, 12 mm). The time from injury to operation was 3-10 days (mean, 5.2 days)., Results: All operation incisions healed primarily. All patients were followed up 9-16 months (mean, 13.5 months). The healing time of fracture was 8-12 weeks (mean, 10.2 weeks). The articular surface was smooth and the radial length was recovered. The postoperative palmar tilt angle ranged from 8 to 15 degrees (mean, 12.3 degrees); the postoperative ulnar inclination angle ranged from 18 to 26 degrees (mean, 22.3 degrees). No loss of reduction, refracture, or carpal tunnel syndrome occurred during follow-up. The average range of motion of the wrist was 45.3 degrees (range, 30-70 degrees) in dorsal extension, was 50.2 degrees (range, 26-78 degrees) in palmar flexion, was 13.5 degrees (range, 8-25 degrees) in radial inclination, was 23.6 degrees (range, 15-32 degrees) in ulnar inclination, was 65.7 degrees (range, 35-90 degrees) in pronation, and was 72.5 degrees (range, 20-90 degrees) in supination at last follow-up. According to the wrist function by Gartland-Werley scoring, the results were excellent in 12 cases, good in 8 cases, and fair in 4 cases; and the excellent and good rate was 83.3%., Conclusion: Treatment of type C fractures of the distal radius with volar LCP and radial styloid process plate can reconstruct normal anatomic structures and get good functional recovery.

Background: Levonorgestrel (0.75 mg given for two doses 12 h apart) has been proven to be an effective regimen for emergency contraception when the first dose is given within 72 h of unprotected coitus. However, the dosing interval is inconvenient for those taking the first dose in the afternoon. We conducted a randomized study to evaluate two levonorgestrel dosing regimens for emergency contraception. Two doses of levonorgestrel 0.75 mg were administered with the first dose given up to 120 h after unprotected intercourse. The second dose was given 12 h later in the first regimen and 24 h later in the second regimen., Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial between 1997 and 2003 at five centres in China. A total of 2071 women requesting emergency contraception within 120 h of unprotected intercourse were recruited. They were randomized to receive two doses of 0.75 mg of levonorgestrel, given either 24 h apart or 12 h apart., Results: Outcome was unknown for 53 women (24 in the 24 h group and 29 in the 12 h group). Among the remaining 2018 women, the crude pregnancy rate was 1.9% in the 24 h group [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-2.94] and 2.0% in the 12 h group (95% CI 1.19-2.99). The proportion of pregnancies prevented was estimated to be 72% in the 24 h group and 75% in the 12 h group. Side-effects were mild in both groups. The efficacy of the 12 h regimen declined significantly when there were further acts of intercourse after treatment (5.0 versus 1.0%, P<0.01). This was not observed in the 24 h group., Conclusions: Two doses of 0.75 mg levonorgestrel given either 24 or 12 h apart are effective for emergency contraception up to 120 h after unprotected intercourse. Further research to investigative more effective methods of emergency contraception is warranted.