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Main observation and conclusion: Chemical analysis of single cells plays essential roles in both fundamental research and clinical applications. In this work, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) generated at vertically aligned gold microtube electrode ensembles (MEEs) was applied for the local chemical sensing of single cells. Thanks to the structure of MEEs and the surface‐confined nature of ECL generation, the ECL is confined in single microtubes and the local variations of hydrogen peroxide concentration can be revealed by the changes of ECL signals at single MEEs. With this methodology, we studied the hydrogen peroxide efflux from single living cells, showing the subcellular heterogeneity in hydrogen peroxide release. With sufficient spatial resolution for the parallel single cell sensing as well as advantages including easy preparation and high throughput, the MEEs provide a promising platform for subcellular electroanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Main observation and conclusion: Chemical analysis of single cells plays essential roles in both fundamental research and clinical applications. In this work, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) generated at vertically aligned gold microtube electrode ensembles (MEEs) was applied for the local chemical sensing of single cells. Thanks to the structure of MEEs and the surface‐confined nature of ECL generation, the ECL is confined in single microtubes and the local variations of hydrogen peroxide concentration can be revealed by the changes of ECL signals at single MEEs. With this methodology, we studied the hydrogen peroxide efflux from single living cells, showing the subcellular heterogeneity in hydrogen peroxide release. With sufficient spatial resolution for the parallel single cell sensing as well as advantages including easy preparation and high throughput, the MEEs provide a promising platform for subcellular electroanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Y2O3:Tb3+ nanoparticles were synthesized using Pechini-type sol–gel method, and characterized by TEM, XRD, and Raman spectra. Their spectroscopic properties are investigated using optical absorption, spectral- and time-resolved upconversion emission spectra. The dependence of Tb3+ emission intensity on pump power density reveals that it is a three-photon excitation process. These results above indicate that upconversion excitation practically originates from the parity-allowed 4f–5d transition via a three-photon simultaneous absorption of Tb3+ ions. The upconversion luminescence intensities of Y2O3:Tb3+ nanoparticles decrease with Tb3+ doping concentrations in the range of 1∼4mol%. The measured average lifetimes of the 5D4 level of Tb3+ ions also decrease with increasing Tb3+ concentrations at room temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is one of the most powerful techniques that meet the needs of analysis and detection in a variety of scenarios, because of its highly analytical sensitivity and excellent spatiotemporal controllability. ECL combined with microscopy (ECLM) offers a promising approach for quantifying and mapping a wide range of analytes. To date, ECLM has been widely used to image biological entities and processes, such as cells, subcellular structures, proteins and membrane transport properties. In this review, we first introduced the mechanisms of several classic ECL systems, then highlighted the progress of visual biosensing and bioimaging by ECLM in the last decade. Finally, the characteristics of ECLM were summarized, as well as some of the current challenges. The future research interests and potential directions for the application of ECLM were also outlooked., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)