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In aerospace engine delivery systems, “one-in-two-out” bifurcation structures are commonly used for flow distribution to downstream pipelines. There are two common “one-in-two-out” bifurcation structures in aircraft engines: the planar orthogonal bifurcation and the spatial orthogonal bifurcation. By adjusting the flow supply upstream and the cross-sectional diameter downstream, the flow distribution in the two branches can be adjusted, i.e., the “splitting ratio” changes. In this paper, a dismantling and flexible experimental system is constructed to measure the pressure signals in each channel and use non-linear dynamic analysis methods to extract pressure characteristics. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique combined with the fine rope tracing technique is creatively used to observe the vortex structure in the cross section of the downstream branch. The study found that for spatial orthogonal bifurcation, the pressure signal characteristics in each channel are basically the same at larger splitting ratios, regardless of the chirality. As the splitting ratio decreases, the difference in pressure signal characteristics between the two branches gradually becomes evident and becomes related to the chirality. Moreover, unlike the planar orthogonal bifurcation structure, a complete large vortex structure has not been found in the downstream branch of the spatial orthogonal bifurcation structure, regardless of changes in the splitting ratio, and it is unrelated to the chirality.

Background and aims Porokeratosis (PK) is a heterogeneous group of cutaneous keratinization disorders and has five clinical subtypes. DSAP is the most common clinical subtype and is characterized by multiple small, annular, anhidrotic, keratotic lesions predominantly on sun-exposed areas of the skin. It is an autosomal dominantly inherited epidermal keratinization disorder. However, studies on its molecular basis is limited. Materials and methods We performed mutation analysis of genes in four pedigrees and three sporadic cases of DSAP in the Chinese population. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples obtained from patients, unaffected family members, and 100 unrelated individuals. All exons and flanking intron sequences of the mevalonate kinase (MVK) and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) genes were amplified. Results One missense mutation in exon 7 (C.G677A) of the MVK gene was identified in pedigree 3, and one missense mutation in exon 5 (C.C535T) of the FDPS gene was identified in sporadic case 3. No mutation was detected in the MVK and FDPS genes in the remaining three pedigrees and two sporadic cases with DSAP. Conclusion Our results may be useful for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis of affected families and for expanding the repertoire of MVK and FDPS mutations underlying DSAP.

Xiaoying Ning, Dingwei Zhang, Yuan Wang, Jia Huo, Ying Huang, Ying Guo, Zhengxiao Li, Yanfei Zhang Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhengxiao Li; Yanfei ZhangDepartment of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710004, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-29-87679301Email lizhengxiao1979@163.com; zhangyanfei723@163.comPurpose: Psoriasis is a systemic, chronic and inflammatory condition. The exact pathogenesis is unclear. The abnormal expression of Wnt5a pathway in psoriasis vulgaris has been confirmed. Whether it is related to the severity of psoriasis is unclear.Methods: Thirty-eight skin lesions from psoriasis vulgaris patients and 22 healthy adult skin tissues were taken. The semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry score of Wnt5a, Frizzled5 and Frizzled2 was evaluated under a microscope by two independent dermatologists. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score system was used to evaluate the disease severity.Results: The average PASI score of the patients was 16.25 ± 7.8, and the average duration of disease was 19.6 ± 10.4 months. Wnt5a, Frizzled5 and Frizzled2 were highly expressed in psoriasis lesions. The semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry scores of Wnt5a, Frizzled5 and Frizzled2 were positively correlated with PASI scores (r = 0.71, r = 0.46, r = 0.65, respectively, all P-value < 0.01), but not correlated with duration of disease (r = 0.11, r = 0.17, r = 0.29, respectively, all P-value > 0.05). There were significant positive correlations between Wnt5a and Frizzled5 (r = 0.57, P-value < 0.01), as well as Wnt5a and Frizzled2 (r = 0.59, P-value < 0.01).Conclusion: Wnt5a and its receptors play an important role in pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris and are positively correlated with the severity of psoriasis, and may be one of the immunohistochemical predictors of the severity of the disease.Keywords: psoriasis vulgaris, Wnt5a, PASI, Frizzled5, Frizzled2

Background: MIR155HG is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that has been shown to be dysregulated in a range of tumor types, but the functions of this lncRNA in melanoma remain to be explored. Objectives: We explored the functions of lncRNA MIR155HG in melanoma progression. Methods: The expression of miR155HG was analyzed in clinical melanoma. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to assess the potential tumor-related functions of miR155HG. The interaction of miR155HG and SP1 and the inhibition of PSIP1 by miR-485-3p were analyzed by ChIP, luciferase reporter experiments, and the biological effects in melanoma were explored by colony formation assays, EdU cell proliferation assays, Transwell analysis, and intracranial melanoma mouse model. Results: Herein, we found that MIR155HG was markedly upregulated in melanoma cell lines and tissues. We further determined that the SP1 transcription factor was responsible for driving MIR155HG upregulation in melanoma. Elevated MIR155HG levels were linked to decreased overall survival (OS) in melanoma patients, and we further determined that MIR155HG expression was an independent predictor of melanoma patient prognosis. When MIR155HG was knocked down in melanoma cells, this impaired their proliferative, migratory, and invasive activity. By using predictive bioinformatics analyses, we identified miR-485-3p as a microRNA (miRNA) capable of binding to both MIR155HG and the 3’ UTR of PSIP1. Conclusion: Together, these results suggest that MIR155HG is capable of promoting melanoma cell proliferation via the miR-485-3p/PSIP1 axis. These novel findings provide new insights into the development of melanoma, potentially highlighting future avenues for therapeutic intervention.

Summary: Ilizarov discovered the phenomenon of rich vascular network formation during distraction osteogenesis for limb regeneration and functional reconstruction. The tension-stress rule could activate and enhance the regenerative potentials of living tissues, leading to growth or regeneration of muscles, fascia, blood vessels, and nerves simultaneously. Orthopaedic surgeons in China applied the tibial cortex transverse transport (TTT) technique to reconstruct limb microcirculation, to treat lower extremity microvascular lesions and diabetic foot ulcers since 2001. Clinical studies from China demonstrated that the TTT technique could effectively regenerate the microvascular network in the lower limbs of diabetic patients, promote ulcer healing and reduce the amputation rate. As a novel treatment for severe Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU), the TTT technique may be adopted in different countries to benefit DFU patients worldwide. This guideline is initiated by the Chinese Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons (CAOS) TTT Technique for Diabetes Foot Taskforce Group. This guideline provides clear recommendations for indications, contraindications, principles for surgical procedures, preoperative and postoperative management, which maximize the success rate for TTT surgery in treatment of severe DFU. The translational potential of this article: This guideline provides clear recommendations for indications, contraindications, principles for surgical procedures, preoperative and postoperative management, which maximize the success rate for TTT surgery in severe DFU treatment. This guideline serves as a starting reference for those who are interested or about to carry out TTT surgery. As an alternative novel treatment for severe DFU, we hope that the TTT technique may be adopted in different countries soon to benefit DFU patients worldwide.

In this work, a series of chitin-supported Ru catalysts, composed of ultrasmall Ru nanoparticles supported on the chitin nanofibers, with different Ru content from 0.07 wt% to 0.93 wt%, are fabricated. Results from catalyzed NaBH4 hydrolysis experiments indicate that the catalytic activity of the fabricated chitin-supported Ru catalysts increases gradually with the decreasing of Ru content. The rate of hydrogen generation from NaBH4 hydrolysis catalyzed by the catalyst with 0.07 wt% Ru content is as high as 55.29 L min−1 g R u − 1 at 30 °C, and this reaction exhibits activation energy of 39.16 kJ/mol. The augment of NaBH4 dosage in the experiments does not weaken the catalytic activity. In addition, the fabricated chitin-supported Ru catalysts show excellent durability in NaBH4 hydrolysis, with only 9.2% activity loss after used for 20 cycles. With excellent catalytic activity and durability, the as-obtained Ru catalysts provide a promising choice for promoting hydrogen production from NaBH4 hydrolysis.

Background Pelvic fracture is often associated with life-threatening damage and mechanical instability. Surgical therapy is a prior choice. To minimize surgical invasion and risk, bilateral screws combined with curved rod were applied to stabilize posterior pelvic ring. Anterior external fixation was to improve the fixation strength. This study was aim to explore the clinical effect of the procedure. Methods From January 2018 to January 2020, 27 patients with posterior pelvic fracture were included retrospectively. There were 12 males and 15 females with an average age of 56.3 ± 14.2 years. The prognosis of pelvis was evaluated by Matta and Majeed scores. Relevant clinical evaluation indications include the time of fracture healing, limb function and complications. Results The average follow-up time was 14.2 ± 5.4 month. Matta scoring standard: excellent in 18 cases, good in 7 cases, the good rate was 92.6%. The average healing time was 8.4 months. The standard of Majeed score in 6 months after operation: excellent in 14 cases, good in 10 cases, the good rate was 88.8%. At the last follow-up, the functional recovery of the affected limb was satisfactory. No deep infection occurred after operation.Conclusion The results indicate that screw-rod system and external fixation is a safe technique. Minimally invasive technology reduced frequency of fluoroscopy. It provides a more simple and safety method for posterior pelvic fracture failed conservative treatment.

First implemented in Bitcoin, Nakamoto Consensus (NC) is the most influential consensus protocol in cryptocurrencies despite all the alternative protocols designed afterward. Nevertheless, NC is trapped by a security-performance tradeoff. While existing efforts mostly attempt to break this tradeoff via abandoning or adjusting NC's backbone protocol, we alternatively forward the relevance of the network layer. We identify and experimentally prove that the crux resides with the prolonged block propagation latency caused by not-yet-propagated transactions. We thus present a two-step mechanism to confirm only fully-propagated transactions, and therefore remove the limits upon NC's performance imposed by its security demands, realizing NC's untapped potential. Implementing this two-step mechanism, we propose NC-Max, whose (1) security is analyzed, proving that it provides stronger resistance than NC against transaction withholding attacks, and (2) performance is evaluated, showing that it exhausts the full throughput supported by the network, and shortens the transaction confirmation latency by 3.0 to 6.6 times compared to NC without compromising security. NC-Max is implemented in Nervos CKB, a public permissionless blockchain. ispartof: pages:1-18 ispartof: Proceedings 2022 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium pages:1-18 ispartof: NDSS location:San Diego, California date:24 Apr - 28 Apr 2022 status: published

We present STAR measurements of strange hadron (KS0, Λ, Λ¯, Ξ−, Ξ¯+, Ω−, Ω¯+, and ϕ) production at midrapidity (|y

OBJECTIVE: To explore the causes and management of the complications in diabetic foot treated with tibial transverse transport (TTT). METHODS: Between September 2015 and September 2019, 196 patients with diabetic foot were treated with TTT. There were 109 males and 87 females, with an average age of 67.6 years (range, 45-86 years). According to Wagner’s classification, there were 124 cases of grade 3, 62 cases of grade 4, and 10 cases of grade 5; the course of disease was 1-12 months, with an average of 2.6 months. All patients underwent the minimally invasive tibial osteotomy. The osteotomy site was the middle and lower tibia in 62 cases and the middle and upper tibia in 134 cases. The area of osteotomy was 20 cm(2) in 83 cases and 7.5 cm(2) in 113 cases. The osteotomy block was moved back and forth once in 92 cases and twice in 104 cases. The complications were recorded, including secondary fracture at tibial osteotomy, skin necrosis in osteotomy area, and pin tract infection. RESULTS: Among 196 patients, 41 cases (20.9%) had complications. Nine cases (4.6%) had secondary fracture at tibial osteotomy, among which 6 cases (9.6%) of middle and lower segment osteotomies and 3 cases (2.2%) of middle and upper segment osteotomies. The incidence between the patients with different osteotomy sites was significant (χ(2)=5.354, P=0.021). The area of osteotomy was 20 cm(2) in 5 cases (6.0%) and 7.5 cm(2) in 4 cases (3.5%). There was no significant difference in the incidence between patients with different areas (χ(2)=0.457, P=0.499). Skin necrosis occurred in the osteotomy area in 12 cases (6.1%), all of which were moved back and forth once. There was a significant difference in the incidence between patients who were treated with transport once and twice (P=0.001). There were 18 cases (9.1%) with pin tract infection, including 12 cases (6.1%) with mild infection and 6 cases (3.0%) with severe infection. There was no significant difference in the incidence between the patients with mild and severe infections (P=0.107). CONCLUSION: TTT is an effective method to treat diabetic foot, but there are complications such as secondary fracture at tibial osteotomy, skin necrosis in osteotomy area, and pin tract infection during transport. Preoperative evaluation of indication, standardization of osteotomy mode, size and position of osteotomy block, establishment of individualized removal plan, and strengthening of pin track nursing after operation can effectively reduce complications.

MIR155HG is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that has been shown to be dysregulated in a range of tumor types, but the functions of this lncRNA in melanoma remain to be explored.We explored the functions of lncRNA MIR155HG in melanoma progression.The expression of miR155HG was analyzed in clinical melanoma. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to assess the potential tumor-related functions of miR155HG. The interaction of miR155HG and SP1 and the inhibition of PSIP1 by miR-485-3p were analyzed by ChIP, luciferase reporter experiments, and the biological effects in melanoma were explored by colony formation assays, EdU cell proliferation assays, Transwell analysis, and intracranial melanoma mouse model.Herein, we found that MIR155HG was markedly upregulated in melanoma cell lines and tissues. We further determined that the SP1 transcription factor was responsible for driving MIR155HG upregulation in melanoma. Elevated MIR155HG levels were linked to decreased overall survival (OS) in melanoma patients, and we further determined that MIR155HG expression was an independent predictor of melanoma patient prognosis. When MIR155HG was knocked down in melanoma cells, this impaired their proliferative, migratory, and invasive activity. By using predictive bioinformatics analyses, we identified miR-485-3p as a microRNA (miRNA) capable of binding to both MIR155HG and the 3' UTR of PSIP1.Together, these results suggest that MIR155HG is capable of promoting melanoma cell proliferation via the miR-485-3p/PSIP1 axis. These novel findings provide new insights into the development of melanoma, potentially highlighting future avenues for therapeutic intervention.

Background Familial benign chronic pemphigus, also known as Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), is a clinically rare bullous Dermatosis. However the mechanism has not been clarified. The study aim to detect novel mutations in exons of ATP2C1 gene in HHD patients; to explore the possible mechnism of HHD pathogenesis by examining the expression profile of hSPCA1, miR-203, p63, Notch1 and HKII proteins in the skin lesions of HHD patients. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of HHD patients. All exons of ATP2C1 gene in HHD patients were amplified by PCR and the products were purified and sequenced. All related signaling proteins of interest were stained by using skin lesion tissues from HHD patients and miR-203 levels were also determined. Results One synonymous mutation c.G2598A (in exon 26), one nonsense mutation c.C635A and two missense mutations c.C1286A (p.A429D) and c. A1931G (p. D644G) were identified. The nonsense mutation changed codon UCG to stop codon UAG, causing a premature polypeptide chain of the functional region A. The two missense mutations were located in the region P (phosphorylation region) and the Mn binding site of hSPCA1. The level of hSPCA1 was significantly decreased in HHD patients compared to the normal human controls, accompanied by an increase of miR-203 level and a decrease of p63 and HKII levels. Conclusion In our study, we found four mutations in HHD. Meanwhile we found increase of miR-203 level and a decrease of p63 and HKII levels. In addition, Notch1, which was negatively regulated p63, is downregulated. These factors may be involved in the signaling pathways of HHD pathogenesis. Our data showed that both p63 and miR-203 may have significant regulatory effects on Notch1 in the skin.

Author(s): Adam, J; Adamczyk, L; Adams, JR; Adkins, JK; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, MM; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Anderson, DM; Aparin, A; Aschenauer, EC; Ashraf, MU; Atetalla, FG; Attri, A; Averichev, GS; Bairathi, V; Barish, K; Behera, A; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, LC; Bordyuzhin, IG; Brandenburg, JD; Brandin, AV; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chan, BK; Chang, FH; Chang, Z; Chankova-Bunzarova, N; Chatterjee, A; Chen, D; Chen, JH; Chen, X; Chen, Z; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chevalier, M; Choudhury, S; Christie, W; Crawford, HJ; Csanad, M; Daugherity, M; Dedovich, TG; Deppner, IM; Derevschikov, AA; Didenko, L; Dong, X; Drachenberg, JL; Dunlop, JC; Edmonds, T; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esha, R; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, A; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, CJ; Feng, Y; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Francisco, A; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, CA; Galatyuk, T; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Gopal, K; Grosnick, D; Guryn, W; Hamad, AI; Hamed, A | Abstract: Particle production sensitive to nonfactorizable and nonperturbative processes that contribute to the underlying event associated with a high transverse momentum (pT) jet in proton+proton collisions at s=200 GeV is studied with the STAR detector. Each event is divided into three regions based on the azimuthal angle with respect to the highest-pT jet direction: In the leading jet direction ("Toward"), opposite to the leading jet ("Away"), and perpendicular to the leading jet ("Transverse"). In the Transverse region, the average charged particle density is found to be between 0.4 and 0.6 and the mean transverse momentum

Both acitretin and methotrexate are effective in ameliorating psoriatic lesion. However, their combination has been seldom reported in the treatment of psoriasis because of the warning regarding the potential hepatotoxicity of the drug interactions. This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of such combination therapy for psoriasis vulgaris, and the potential benefit as well as side effect during the treatment. Thirty-nine patients with psoriasis vulgaris were treated with acitretin, methotrexate or their combination or as control. Similarly, K14-VEGF transgenic psoriasis-like mice were treated with these drugs. Human primary keratinocytes and hepatic stellate cells were used for analyzing their effect in vitro. The results showed that the combination therapy exhibited higher effectiveness in remitting skin lesion, but did not significantly affect the liver function of both patients and mice. Moreover, the combination groups showed less elevation of profibrotic factors in sera when compared with methotrexate alone groups accordingly. Furthermore, primary keratinocytes expressed more involucrin as well as loricrin and proliferated more slowly on the combined stimulation. Interestingly, such combination treatment induced lower expression of profibrotic factors in hepatic stellate cells. In conclusion, the acitretin-methotrexate combination therapy for psoriasis vulgaris can achieve higher effectiveness and result in less liver fibrosis.

We report new STAR measurements of the single-spin asymmetries $A_L$ for $W^+$ and $W^-$ bosons produced in polarized proton--proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 510 GeV as a function of the decay-positron and decay-electron pseudorapidity. The data were obtained in 2013 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 250 pb$^{-1}$. The results are combined with previous results obtained with 86 pb$^{-1}$. A comparison with theoretical expectations based on polarized lepton-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering and prior polarized proton--proton data suggests a difference between the $\bar{u}$ and $\bar{d}$ quark helicity distributions for $0.05 < x < 0.25$. In addition, we report new results for the double-spin asymmetries $A_{LL}$ for $W^\pm$, as well as $A_L$ for $Z/\gamma^*$ production and subsequent decay into electron--positron pairs.

To investigate the effects of chemerin on helper T cells 9 (Th9)/regulatory T cells (Treg) in patients with psoriasis and the potential molecular mechanisms. Methods: Twenty-five patients with psoriasis and twenty healthy volunteers were selected for this study. CD4+ T cells were isolated from peripheral blood of samples by magnetic bead separation. The levels of chemerin and its receptor chemR23 were detected by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. CD4+ T cells isolated from the healthy volunteers were treated with different concentrations of chemerin (50, 100, 150, 200 ng/mL), then cell viability was detected by MTT assay. The expression of inflammatory molecules and Th9/Treg were detected by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: The expressions of chemerin and chemR23 in peripheral blood from patients with psoriasis were higher than those in healthy control (both P0.05). The Th9/Treg was higher in patients with psoriasis than that in healthy control (P0.05). After treating CD4+ T cells with 150 ng/mL of chemerin, the levels of IL-6, IL-9 and IL-17 were increased significantly (all P0.05). Additionally, Th9/Treg was increased (P0.05) and the cell balance was disrupt. However, the effects of chemerin on CD4+ T cells were reversed by silencing of chemR23 (all P0.05). Conclusion: Chemerin may regulate the immune balance for Th9/Treg in CD4+ T cells from patients of psoriasis.目的：探究chemerin对银屑病患者外周血辅助性T淋巴细胞9(helper T cells 9，Th9)/调节性T淋巴细胞(regulatory T cells，Treg)免疫平衡的调节作用及其潜在的机制。方法：选取25例银屑病患者和20例健康志愿者，采用磁珠分离法分离出受试者外周血中CD4+ T细胞，行实时RT-PCR和ELISA检测细胞中chemerin和其受体chemR23的表达；用不同浓度的chemerin(50，100，150，200 ng/mL)分别处理从健康志愿者外周血分离得到的CD4+ T细胞，行MTT比色法检测细胞活力以筛选最适浓度；采用ELISA检测炎性细胞因子水平；行流式细胞术检测Th9和Treg细胞数。结果：与对照相比，银屑病患者外周血中chemerin和chemR23的表达均显著增加，Th9/Treg比例明显上升(均P0.05)；选取最适浓度150 ng/mL的chemerin处理CD4+ T细胞后，细胞中白细胞介素(IL)-6，IL-9和IL-17的水平均显著增加，Th9/Treg比例明显上升(均P0.05)，而chemR23沉默可反转chemerin对CD4+ T细胞的上述作用(均P0.05)。结论：Chemerin通过chemR23调节银屑病患者外周血CD4+ T淋巴细胞中的Th9/Treg细胞免疫平衡。.

Author(s): Adam, J; Adamczyk, L; Adams, JR; Adkins, JK; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, MM; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Anderson, DM; Aoyama, R; Aparin, A; Arkhipkin, D; Aschenauer, EC; Ashraf, MU; Atetalla, F; Attri, A; Averichev, GS; Bairathi, V; Barish, K; Bassill, AJ; Behera, A; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bhati, AK; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, LC; Bordyuzhin, IG; Brandenburg, JD; Brandin, AV; Bryslawskyj, J; Bunzarov, I; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chan, BK; Chang, FH; Chang, Z; Chankova-Bunzarova, N; Chatterjee, A; Chattopadhyay, S; Chen, JH; Chen, X; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Christie, W; Crawford, HJ; Csanad, M; Das, S; Dedovich, TG; Deppner, IM; Derevschikov, AA; Didenko, L; Dilks, C; Dong, X; Drachenberg, JL; Dunlop, JC; Edmonds, T; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esha, R; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, J; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, Y; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, CA; Galatyuk, T; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Grosnick, D; Gupta, A; Guryn, W | Abstract: We report the energy dependence of mid-rapidity (anti-)deuteron production in Au+Au collisions at sNN=7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The yield of deuterons is found to be well described by the thermal model. The collision energy, centrality, and transverse momentum dependence of the coalescence parameter B2 are discussed. We find that the values of B2 for antideuterons are systematically lower than those for deuterons, indicating that the correlation volume of antibaryons is larger than that of baryons at sNN from 19.6 to 39 GeV. In addition, values of B2 are found to vary with collision energy and show a broad minimum around sNN=20-40 GeV, which might imply a change of the equation of state of the medium in these collisions.

In high-energy nuclear collisions, light nuclei can be regarded as a cluster of baryons and their yields are sensitive to the baryon density fluctuations. Thus, the production of light nuclei can be used to study the QCD phase transition, at which the baryon density fluctuation will be enhanced. A yield ratio of light nuclei, defined as N(t)×N(p)/N2(d), is predicted to be a sensitive observable to search for the 1st-order phase transition and/or QCD critical point in heavy-ion collisions. In this paper, we present the energy and centrality dependence of (anti)deuteron and triton production in Au+Au collisions at s NN = 7.7 , 11.5 , 14.5 , 19.6 , 27 , 39 , 54.4 , 62.4 , and 200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. We show beam-energy dependence for the coalescence parameter, B2(d) and B3(t), particle ratios, d/p, t/p, and t/d, and the yield ratio of N(t)×N(p)/N2(d). More importantly, non-monotonic energy dependence is observed for the yield ratio, N(t)×N(p)/N2(d), in 0-10% central Au+Au collisions with a peak around 20-30 GeV. Their physics implications on QCD critical point search and change of the equation of state will be discussed.

Psoriasis is a multifactorial, recurring, and chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. Evidence is rapidly accumulating for the role of microRNAs in psoriasis. The object of the study was to explore the functions and precise mechanism of miR-142-3p in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells in the presence of M5. Here, the results showed that miR-142-3p expression was heightened in HaCaT cells induced by M5. In addition, inhibition of miR-142-3p dramatically restricted cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in HaCaT cells exposed to M5, as exemplified by a decrease in the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein, concomitant with an increase in the proapoptotic proteins Bax. Moreover, depleting miR-142-3p effectively ameliorated M5-induced inflammation response, as reflected by the attenuation of multiple inflammatory factors. Importantly, Sema3A was identified as an authentic target of miR-142-3p, and indeed regulated by miR-142-3p. Mechanistically, silencing of Sema3A effectively abolished the anti-proliferative, apoptosis-promoting, and anti-inflammatory effects of miR-142-3p inhibition in keratinocytes. Taken together, these data elucidated that repression of miR-142-3p protect HaCaT cells against M5-induced hyper-proliferation and inflammatory injury by suppressing its target Sema3A, implying that the miR-142-3p/Sema3A axis may be a new target for preventing keratinocyte injury process. These findings provide a new and better understanding of the mediating role of miR-142-3p in psoriasis.

To discuss the role of the bone suture anchors for repair of avulsed deep radioulnar ligaments in maintaining the rotatory stability of the distal radioulnar joint.Nine upper limbs specimens were selected from fresh adult cadavers to make wrist joint-bone capsular ligaments complex specimen. All the specimens were tested under conditions of intact (normal group), deep radioulnar ligaments injury (injury group), and deep radioulnar ligaments injury repaired with anchoring (repair group). The internal and external rotation torque values were recorded in 45° wrist extension, neutral position, and 45° wrist flexion by AG-IS series MS biomechanical testing system. The statistic software was used to compare difference in rotation torque between groups.In 45° wrist extension, neutral position, and 45° wrist flexion, the internal rotation torque values in normal group were (0.83±0.33), (0.86±0.34), and (0.36±0.30) N·m respectively; the external rotation torque values were (0.86±0.38), (0.44±0.22), and (0.25±0.21) N·m respectively. The internal rotation torque values in injury group were (0.18±0.17), (0.22±0.17), and (0.16±0.15) N·m respectively; the external rotation torque values were (0.27±0.26), (0.13±0.17), and (0.04±0.04) N·m respectively. The internal rotation torque values in repair group were (0.79±0.34), (0.73±0.33), and (0.41±0.23) N·m respectively; the external rotation torque values were (0.80±0.39), (0.41±0.22), (0.41±0.40) N·m respectively. In 45° wrist extension, neutral position, and 45° wrist flexion, the internal and external rotation torque values in injury group were significantly lower than those in normal group and repair group (The deep radioulnar ligaments are important structure for maintaining rotatory stability of distal radioulnar joint. Bone anchoring of the avulsed deep radioulnar ligaments to the ulna fovea is critically important in reconstructing function anatomy of the distal radioulnar joint.通过生物力学测试探讨骨锚技术修复深层尺桡韧带于尺骨凹对于恢复远侧尺桡关节旋转稳定性的重要性，为选择手术方法提供生物力学理论依据。.取 9 具新鲜成年尸体上肢标本，按照完整标本（正常组）、深层尺桡韧带损伤（损伤组）、螺钉固定并肌腱缝线缝合修复深层尺桡韧带（修复组）顺序制备模型后，采用 AG-IS 系列 MS 型生物力学测试系统，分别于腕关节背伸 45°、中立位及屈曲 45° 进行内、外旋生物力学测试，测量其扭矩。统计分析比较各组内、外旋扭矩差异。.腕关节背伸 45°、中立位及屈曲 45° 时，正常组内旋扭矩分别为（0.83±0.33）、（0.86±0.34）、（0.36±0.30）N·m，外旋扭矩分别为（0.86±0.38）、（0.44±0.22）、（0.25±0.21）N·m；损伤组内旋扭矩分别为（0.18±0.17）、（0.22±0.17）、（0.16±0.15）N·m，外旋扭矩分别为（0.27±0.26）、（0.13±0.17）、（0.04±0.04）N·m；修复组内旋扭矩分别为（0.79±0.34）、（0.73±0.33）、（0.41±0.23）N·m，外旋扭矩分别为（0.80±0.39）、（0.41±0.22）、（0.41±0.40）N·m。腕关节背伸 45°、中立位及屈曲 45° 时，损伤组内、外旋扭矩显著低于正常组和修复组，差异均有统计学意义（深层尺桡韧带是维持远侧尺桡关节旋转稳定性的重要结构，骨锚技术修复深层尺桡韧带于尺骨凹止点，对于恢复远侧尺桡关节旋转稳定性有着重要意义。.

To explore the therapeutic effect of Masquelet technique combined with tissue flap grafting for bone defect and soft tissue defect.Between August 2012 and April 2015, 18 cases of bone defect and soft tissue defect were treated by using Masquelet technique combined with tissue flap grafting. There were 11 males and 7 females, aged from 23 to 59 years (mean, 37.1 years). The time between injury and treatment was 15 days to 39 months (mean, 0.9 months). Defect located at the proximal tibia in 4 cases, at the middle tibia in 8 cases, at the distal tibia in 4 cases, and at the lateral heel in 2 cases. All patients were treated with debridement. After debridement, the bone defect was (5.7±1.8) cm in length, and the soft tissue defect was 5 cm×4 cm to 13 cm×11 cm in size. In one-stage operation, bone defect was repaired with the antibiotic cement and fracture was fixed by temporary external fixation. The surfaces of wound were repaired with tissue flap. After 6 to 8 weeks when wounds healed with no sign of infection, bone grafting from iliac bone and/or fibula was performed in two-stage operation.Eighteen patients followed up 10-38 months (mean, 24.3 months). After one-stage operation, 6 cases had pin track infection, which was cured by strengthened disinfection and oral antibiotics. All the tissue flaps survived. Bone healing was observed on X-ray film at 15-57 weeks (mean, 25.3 weeks) after two-stage operation. The function of the knee and ankle joint recovered well. According to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score for the ankle joint, the scores of ankle function ranged from 74 to 98, with an average of 89.7; the results were excellent in 7 cases, good in 10 cases, and fair in 1 case.The Masquelet technique combined with tissue flap grafting is an effective method to treat bone defect and soft tissue defect.探讨Masquelet技术联合组织瓣移植修复骨软组织复合缺损的疗效。.2012年8月-2015年4月，采用Masquelet技术联合组织瓣移植修复18例小腿及足骨软组织复合缺损患者。其中男11例，女7例；年龄23～59岁，平均37.1岁。受伤至该次手术时间15 d～39个月，平均0.9个月。缺损部位：胫骨上段4例，胫骨中段8例，胫骨下段4例，足跟外侧2例。扩创后骨缺损长度（5.7±1.8）cm，软组织缺损范围5 cm×4 cm～13 cm×11 cm。入院后均先行清创处理，待创面好转后，一期手术采用抗生素骨水泥填充骨缺损区，并用外固定支架临时固定，组织瓣修复创面；6～8周后待创面完全愈合、无感染迹象后，二期手术取髂骨或（和）腓骨棒植骨修复骨缺损。.18例患者均获随访，随访时间10～38个月，平均24.3个月。一期术后组织瓣均成活；钉道感染6例，经加强消毒护理及口服抗生素后治愈。二期术后植骨均获骨性愈合，愈合时间15～57周，平均25.3周。患者膝、踝关节功能均恢复良好；二期术后6个月按美国矫形足踝协会（AOFAS）踝与后足功能评分评定为74～98分，平均89.7分；其中优7例，良10例，中1例。.采用Masquelet技术联合组织瓣移植治疗骨软组织复合缺损是一种有效的治疗方法。.

Psoriasis is a chronic disease which carries the emotional and social burden, promotes joint disability and raises comorbidity possibility in patients. Obesity is closely correlated with the occurrence of psoriasis and adipokines produced by adipose tissues were found to be critical culprits. Chemerin is one of them and its expression was increased in patients with psoriatic arthritis. In our hypothesis, chemerin might act on keratinocytes and promote an inflammatory response, which plays an essential role in psoriatic epidermis. To validate our hypothesis, HaCaT cells and primary human keratinocytes were treated with chemerin (5, 10, and 20 ng/mL for 24 hours). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the secretion of inflammatory factors. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and p65 acetylation were evaluated by Western blot analysis. The expression and activity of sirtuin 1 (sirt1), a deacetylase act on p65, were also analyzed. The results showed that chemerin prompted inflammatory factors secretion, NF-κB activation and p65 acetylation through chemerin receptor 23 receptor. Chemerin constrained the expression and deacetylase activity of sirt1 through augment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Additionally, chemerin exacerbated psoriasiform dermatitis in imiquimod-treated mice model. In conclusion, chemerin can seduce inflammatory response and promote NF-κB activation through inhibition of sirt1 activity by ROS production.

Background/Aims: Wnt5a is overexpressed in psoriasis lesions, however the mechanism by which Wnt5a is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis is not clear. To address this, the expression of Wnt5a in psoriatic lesions and its effect on keratinocyte cell proliferation and apoptosis was examined in vitro. Methods: The expression levels of WNT5A, and genes encoding its receptors frizzled2 (FZD2) and frizzled5 (FZD5) were examined in samples obtained from individuals with psoriasis and healthy controls. Knockdown of Wnt5a with short interfering (si)RNAs was performed in cultured HaCaT keratinocytes and normal human keratinocytes (NHK), and the expression of Wnt5a, protein kinase C (PKC), and β-catenin were determined, and cell cycle activity, proliferation and apoptosis were assessed. Results: The expression of WNT5A, FZD2 and FZD5 mRNA and protein were increased in psoriatic lesions. Wnt5a knockdown suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis in HaCaT and NHK cells. Additionally, expression of PCNA, MKI67, CCND1, BCL2, CTNNB1, and genes encoding PKC and survivin were downregulated, whereas CASP3 was upregulated. The mRNA levels of the Wnt pathway inhibitors DKK1 and SFRP1 were upregulated, Western blotting analyses demonstrated reduction in β-catenin and PKC protein levels. Conclusion: Knockdown of Wnt5a suppresses the proliferation of keratinocytes and induces apoptosis by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin or Wnt5a/Ca2+ pathways.

Summary Background Cutaneous lichen planus (CLP) is a chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated disease. Wnt5a is one of the most extensively studied Wnt proteins, and has important functions in stimulating inflammation, cell proliferation, cell fate determination and cell differentiation. Wnt5a expression in CLP has not been comprehensively studied to date. Aim To determine the expression and distribution of Wnt5a in CLP. Methods Skin samples were obtained from patients with CLP and healthy controls (HCs). The WNT5A gene was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, and Wnt5a protein by immunohistochemical analysis and western blotting. Results WNT5A mRNA was upregulated in CLP samples compared with the HC skin samples (P

Benign chronic familial pemphigus or Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD, OMIM 169600) is a rare, autosomal dominant blistering skin disorder characterized by suprabasal cell separation (acantholysis) of the epidermis. To date, the proteomic changes in skin lesions from HHD patients has not been reported yet. In this study, a sample of skin lesions from HHD patients was collected for isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation to analyze proteome changes compared with unaffected individuals. The 134 differentially expressed proteins were assigned to at least one Gene Ontology term, and 123 annotated proteins with significant matches were assigned to 187 known metabolic or signaling pathways listed in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Most of the altered proteins in skin lesions of HHD patients were enriched in pathways involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling, focal adhesion, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and protein digestion and absorption, such as collagen family members, microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4 and plakophilin. The changes of proteins related to cell adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and protein folding and glycosylation suggested that strategy targeted to alter cell junction and extracellular microenvironment might provide a potential treatment for HHD.

Metformin exhibits antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in a variety of diseases, characterized by malignant and nonmalignant hyperplastic cells; however, the underlying molecular mechanism of metformin in psoriasis has not been elucidated. In the current study, we found that after metformin treatment the proliferation of human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) was significantly inhibited, while cell apoptosis was increased in a dose-dependent manner, accompanied with enhanced protein expression of acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase 10 (ACAD10). Furthermore, mechanism analysis revealed that ACAD10 expression is induced by downregulated activities of mechanistic target of rapamycin 1 (mTORC1) signaling rather than AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. The inactivation of mTORC1 by rapamycin pretreatment or rotenone-induced mitochondrial complex inhibition showed a similar effect because of the metformin treatment on the proliferation and apoptosis of HaCaT keratinocytes. Overexpression of mTORC1 almost reversed the antiproliferation and proapoptosis effects induced by metformin. This study showed that the metformin treatment inhibited HaCaT cells proliferation and promoted apoptosis by affecting the mitochondrial-mTORC1 signaling and elevated the ACAD10 expression. Hence, metformin can be used as a potential therapeutic agent for psoriasis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators for malignant melanoma development. miR-485-5p has been suggested as a tumor-suppressive miRNA in many types of human malignancies. However, the role of miR-485-5p in melanoma remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential role and underlying mechanism of miR-485-5p in the regulation of melanoma development. Here, we showed that miR-485-5p was significantly decreased in melanoma tissues and cell lines compared with their corresponding controls. Transwell invasion assay showed that miR-485-5p overexpression markedly inhibited melanoma cell invasion. WST-1 and cell cycle assays exhibited that miR-485-5p overexpression significantly suppressed melanoma cell proliferation. By contrast, miR-485-5p suppression promoted the invasion and proliferation of melanoma cells. Using bioinformatics analysis, we observed that miR-485-5p potentially targets the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of Frizzled7 (FZD7). Dual-luciferase assay confirmed the direct binding between miR-485-5p and FZD7 3'-UTR. Meanwhile, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis showed that miR-485-5p overexpression suppressed FZD7 expression, whereas miR-485-5p suppression resulted in the opposite effect. Moreover, miR-485-5p expression was observed to be inversely correlated with FZD7 mRNA expression in melanoma tissues. Further experiments showed that miR-485-5p regulated Wnt signaling. The restoration of FZD7 expression markedly reversed the antitumor effects induced by miR-485-5p overexpression in melanoma cells. Taken together, our study suggests that miR-485-5p represses melanoma cell invasion and proliferation by suppressing FZD7, indicating a new tumor-suppressive role for miR-485-5p in melanoma. The miR-485-5p/FZD7 axis may provide novel insights into understanding the molecular pathogenesis of melanoma and may be a promising therapeutic target for melanoma.