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High-conflict divorce proceedings in Turkey typically span 2 years but can extend to 6, reinforcing the perception that institutional violence against women has been widespread under the conservative Justice and Development Party's 20-year rule. This study poses two primary research questions: (1) What are the legal, sociocultural, financial, and psychological experiences of high-conflict divorced women? (2) Which statutory social services could women access during and after the high-conflict divorce process? Employing a feminist qualitative research approach, this study draws on 20 semi-structured interviews with women in Istanbul who have undergone high-conflict divorces. The goal is to understand these women's experiences and pinpoint the disparities between their needs and the support available from statutory social services. The findings illuminate the challenges women face while dealing with patriarchal norms within societal, cultural, and financial realms amid the divorce process. Additionally, the study reveals the inadequacies of current family-oriented services and emphasizes the urgent need for women's rights-based support, including psychosocial, legal, and financial assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We considered the suggestion that mental health is the product of two intersecting continua: psychological distress and mental wellbeing. Objectives: To understand prevalences of low mental wellbeing, depression and anxiety, and examine associations between them and with sociodemographic variables. Methods: In a cross-sectional survey in informal settlements, 4906 women aged 18–49 years answered questions on mental wellbeing (Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale: SWEMWBS) and symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire: PHQ-9) and anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder: GAD-7). We used regression models to examine associations of lower mental wellbeing with symptoms suggesting moderate-to-severe depression and anxiety, and with sociodemographic characteristics. Results: About 15% of women reported symptoms of low wellbeing, 9% symptoms of moderate-to-severe depression, and 6% symptoms of moderate-to-severe anxiety. Women with low wellbeing did not necessarily report symptoms suggesting anxiety or depression, and women with anxiety or depression did not necessarily report low wellbeing. In adjusted models, poorer and less educated women were more likely to report low wellbeing. Symptoms of anxiety or depression were more likely to be reported by widowed, separated, or divorced women, women who were in paid employment, and women who used drugs or alcohol themselves or whose partners did. Women with low wellbeing had at least double the odds of reporting symptoms of moderate-to-severe depression or anxiety than women who reported greater wellbeing. Conclusion: The findings support the idea of two continua of mental health. How individual women cope with mental illness and nevertheless enjoy a state of wellbeing deserves more study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, marriage breakup or divorce has become a significant issue, and Bangladesh is no exception. The divorce rate among urban women has dramatically increased in Bangladesh, particularly in Dhaka City. This study aims to uncover the factors contributing to the rising divorce rate among women in Dhaka. Utilizing desk-based research and expert interviews, it critically examines the causes of marriage breakdown. The study argues that industrialization, women's empowerment, and feminist movements have fostered a rise in individualism among women in Dhaka, making them more educated and empowered compared to those in other Bangladeshi cities. This individualism serves as a deterrent against physical and mental abuse, extramarital affairs, authoritarian attitudes, and other forms of discrimination traditionally faced by women. Women's sense of individualism also fosters intolerance toward unhappy marriages, allowing them to pursue independent lives due to their financial solvency. Additionally, the study identifies other factors negatively impacting divorce-seeking behavior, including drug addiction, marital dissatisfaction over infertility or impotence, extramarital affairs due to partner absence, and the influence of social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Procrastination is the deliberate, unjustified postponing of an intended course of action despite its costs or unfavorable effects. The present study used a self-report online survey and collected data from a large convenience sample of the general adult population (N = 2,076; females = 55.73%; Mage = 35.1 years [SD ± 12.7]) with diverse demographics. Following the ring-curve distribution, the results indicated a 15.4% prevalence rate of procrastination among the Iranian community, which was significantly higher among women and divorced individuals and lower among nomadic individuals and those with higher academic degrees. A latent profile analysis demonstrated two distinct profiles, one for procrastinators (high scores on chronic procrastination, psychological distress, neuroticism, and extraversion; and low scores on general self-efficacy, self-esteem, satisfaction with life, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and one for non-procrastinators (demonstrating a reverse pattern compared to procrastinators). Moreover, additional network analysis suggested that the examined networks were invariant across procrastination status and gender. The results indicate that procrastination differs by demographic characteristics and is associated with a unique psychological profile. However, none of the aforementioned key study variables were considered a potential vulnerability for procrastinators due to the finding that all variables were peripheral and none were central in the examined networks. Therefore, relying on the differences in mean scores on psychometric scales does not appear to be an optimal way of determining the most important variables in a therapeutic context when treating procrastination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Derecho de la Seguridad Social, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Phototherapy, the use of photos in a therapeutic setting under the supervision of a trained therapist, is as an effective method for reducing psychological problems. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of phototherapy on depression and anxiety in divorced women. This study employed single-case experimental design with multiple baseline phases. The statistical population included all divorced women in Tehran who were active on instagram and responded to the research call in 2021. The sampling method was convenience and purposive and four participants were selected based on inclusion criteria. The research instruments included the Lovibond and Lovibond Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and the five main phototherapy techniques by Weiser. Participants took part in multiple baseline stage, five intervention sessions, and three follow-up sessions. Data were analyzed by visuals inspection, improvement percentage, reliable change index strategies, effect size and mixed regression analysis. The results showed that phototherapy has significant effect on reducing depression and anxiety in divorced women. Therefore, phototherapy can be utilized as a novel and effective intervention method for addressing depression and anxiety in divorced women, by therapists and counselors.

Background: Despite the availability of free screening mammograms (SMG) through the Breast Cancer Early Detection (BCED) Program in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia, a notable gap exists between program implementation and the actual uptake of SMG. This study aims to assess the refusal rate, identify barriers to participation, and shed light on the factors influencing women's decisions regarding SMG. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among consecutive women aged 40– 69 participating anonymously in the BCED program in September 2023. The participants were administered a validated Arabic language survey encompassing breast cancer screening backgrounds and knowledge, reasons for refusal, and factors influencing SMG reconsideration. Logistic regression was employed to identify factors linked with SMG refusal using SPSS version 28. Results: Of the 2446 eligible women in the study, 576 (23.6%) declined to undergo SMG. The median age of participants was 49 years, primarily married (91.5%) and residing in central cities (60.3%). Previous mammogram history was reported by 21.4%, with only 12.9% performing regular SMGs every 1– 2 years. Married women had a 31% lower refusal likelihood to SMG compared to widowed/divorced women (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 0.69, p = 0.02). Women residing in peripheral areas showed approximately 1.45 times higher odds of refusal compared to those in central cities (aOR = 1.45, p < 0.001), and women without prior history of SMG had 2.13 times higher odds of refusal (aOR = 2.14, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The refusal rate for SMG in the Qassim region aligns closely with rates observed in developed countries. Despite this progress, significant barriers to SMG uptake persist, and tailored interventions targeting specific demographic groups and addressing these barriers are essential to improving screening participation, promoting a culture of proactive screening behavior, and ensuring equitable access to screening services for all eligible women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is essential to focus on the variables that can empower mothers of single-parent students. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of self-healing training on perfectionism and frustration tolerance in mothers of single-parent students. The statistical population included all divorced mothers of elementary school students within the 2020–21 academic year. Sampling was performed in two stages, the first of which was multistage cluster sampling, whereas the second stage was purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study sample (n = 40) was divided into two groups of 20 (control and experimental). This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest control group design with follow-up. The experimental group was trained in the self-healing protocol for fourteen weekly 90-minute sessions. The repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS-26 was then used for data analysis. The mean ± SD of perfectionism in the self-healing and control groups in the posttest was 67.75 ± 11.84 and 106.05 ± 22.01. Moreover, in the posttest stage, the mean ± SD of frustration tolerance in the intervention and control groups was 78.60 ± 7.93 and 99.45 ± 9.36, respectively. According to findings, self-healing training significantly affected the components of perfectionism including personal standards, concern over mistakes, and parental criticism. It also had significant effects on the components of frustration tolerance including discomfort intolerance, emotional intolerance, and achievement made by single mothers of students. The results were stable over time. However, self-healing training had no significant effects on perfectionism entitlement and subscales of frustration tolerance including discipline and organization, doubt about actions, and parental expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For women who migrated for marriage, life after divorce may be characterised by disappointment, sorrow, and despair. Yet, leisure activities can transform their lives and emotions after separation. Using detailed case studies of five migrant women who experienced divorce in Hong Kong, this article examines how leisure with and within green and blue spaces can release negative emotions generated by this difficult life event while also creating opportunities for new ones, such as pleasure and joy, to emerge. It finds that these women's chosen forms of nature-based leisure were highly embodied, with sight, smell, taste, and movement key to their emotional and personal transformations. In some cases, these experiences even led to the development of strong, kin-like, affective connections with natural objects. Overall, this article highlights the benefits of considering the role of leisure in and with nature for divorcees and divorced migrant women in particular – a group who are under-researched within the field of leisure studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Divorce can be an incredibly challenging experience for women, with far-reaching effects on both their personal lives and broader society. Given the significant impact of various factors on an individual's development and adjustment in challenging situations, this study aimed to explore the influence of religiosity, social support, and cognitive flexibility on the subjective well-being of divorced athlete women. This study is descriptive and correlational in nature. The statistical population consisted of all divorced women in Turkiye's Eastern Anatolia Region. To gather data, a sample of 80 divorced female athletes was selected using the convenience sampling method. The data collection tools used in this study consisted of a variety of questionnaires that assessed different aspects. These questionnaires included measures of religious beliefs, social support, cognitive flexibility, subjective happiness, and satisfaction with life. Statistical techniques such as Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse the data. The results revealed a clear correlation between religiosity, social support, cognitive flexibility, and the overall well-being, happiness, and life satisfaction of the participants. In addition, the findings revealed that religiosity, social support, and cognitive flexibility play a crucial role in predicting the subjective well-being of divorced athlete women. These factors accounted for 40% of the variance in the subjects' happiness and life satisfaction. Increasing religiosity, social support, and cognitive flexibility can enhance the happiness and life satisfaction of divorced athlete women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The family is the core foundation of society, and a strong family contributes to a resilient community, while its weakness can lead to societal vulnerability. However, the sacred institution of the family may face challenges. Sharï'a, entrusts the dissolution of marital bonds to the discretion of the husband, but it is by no means a license to act unjustly. If the right to fair and equitable reparation is violated, the divorce is considered arbitrary. The aim of this research is to identify the arbitrary divorce and determine the compensation for its damages in Iran, through a comparative study with the legal systems of Iraq and Algeria. The study is an applied one and utilizes an analytical-foundational research method. The comparative study is conducted in accordance with the importance of existing laws in the mentioned legal systems. The findings of the research indicate that, although the compensation for damages in arbitrary divorce is not explicitly provided for in Iranian case law, a thorough examination of the Quranic verses, traditions, consensus, and reason reveals that compensating damages in arbitrary divorce is consistent with the principles of Islamic law and serves as a preventive measure against the abuse of the right to divorce. According to the laws of Iraq and Algeria, Once a fulfilled divorce is marked as highhanded, the man is forced to make compensations for the damage incurred by the woman, in addition to her established legal rights. These measures are envisaged as supportive actions to prevent the misuse of the right to divorce and to preserve the rights of the wife. In both legal systems mentioned, divorce must occur with the unilateral will of the husband for damages to be claimable. factors such as the voluntary nature of the divorce, the non-consent of the wife, and the occurrence of harm, as complementary to the primary condition, must also be present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Divorce can have multiple psychological consequences for divorced women. The present research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on psychological distress in divorced women. Methods and Materials: The research method was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with a control group and random assignment. The sample consisted of 30 divorced women from welfare counseling centers in areas 1 and 2 of Tehran, who were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (15 individuals) and control (15 individuals). The experimental group participated in 12 sessions of Heimberg and Becker's (2002) cognitive-behavioral therapy, while the control group received no intervention. The Distress Tolerance Questionnaire by Simons and Gaher (2005) was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics followed by multivariate covariance analysis and univariate covariance analysis and SPSS software version 22 were used for data analysis. Findings: The results indicated that cognitive-behavioral therapy significantly increased psychological distress tolerance (F = 43.63, p < 0.01) in divorced women. Conclusion: Therefore, cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective in increasing psychological distress tolerance among divorced women and is also beneficial in enhancing their mental health and aiding in the improvement of their living conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many studies showed that marrying younger is associated with a higher risk of divorce. We investigate the causal effect of marrying at an earlier age on women's divorce risk. We exploit the introduction of the 1981 reform in China, which facilitated legal marriage for urban women younger than 25 years old, using the Chinese Census data. We show that the reform generated a kink in the mean age at marriage for women, which we use in a fuzzy regression kink design (RKD) to assess the causal effect of marrying younger on the probability of divorce. First, we confirm in our data the existence of a negative (in fact, a U-shaped) association between age at marriage and divorce, as commonly observed in previous studies from the USA. Then, we show that this association disappears in our analyses based on RKD. This finding suggests that the well-documented association between early marriage and divorce is in fact attributable to unobservable factors driving both marriage timing and the likelihood of divorce. We discuss the implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Konfliktmanagement is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigates the effect of an emotion-focused group counseling program (EFGCP) on the emotional awareness and psychological well-being of divorced women. It also investigates their opinions regarding its effectiveness. This mixed-method study used a real experimental design with a 2 × 3 pretest–post-test control group with follow-up tests. It administered 16 EFGCP sessions to the experimental group and collected quantitative data from the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale and Psychological Well-being Scale and qualitative data from client and group leader diaries and focus group interview forms. The quantitative data were analyzed using a mixed 2 × 3 repeated-measure analysis of variance, while the qualitative data were examined using content analysis. Quantitative findings showed that EFGCP increased the emotional awareness levels of divorced women in the experimental group compared with those in the control group. This effect continued for 3 months, and while it improved their psychological well-being, the improvement was not significant. Meanwhile, qualitative results were grouped under two categories: "contribution" and "emotion-focused group counseling." The contribution category included four themes, namely, emotional awareness, psychological well-being, adaptation after divorce, and metaphors. However, the emotion-focused group counseling category included techniques, group leader, and recommendations for group structure themes. Implications for further research and practice are discussed in light of the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of Society 5.0, Islamic family law faces contemporary issues influenced by technological advancements and digital transformations. This research aims to analyze these issues and their impact on Islamic family law, focusing on changes in marriage patterns, divorce, gender roles, and individual rights. The research combines the concept of Society 5.0 with the unique aspects of Islamic family law, providing a deeper understanding of its adaptation to the challenges of the digital age. Through a literature review methodology, relevant sources such as textbooks, journals, and internet resources are analyzed to explore contemporary issues. The results highlight pressing matters such as polygamy, women's rights in divorce, and inheritance rights. The influence of technological development and digital transformation on Islamic family law is examined, addressing the opportunities and challenges brought by digital communication tools and online platforms. The research contributes to formulating legal policies and strategies to address these issues, ensuring their alignment with religious principles and the needs of the Muslim community. By understanding the complexities and evolving nature of Islamic family law in Society 5.0, this research paves the way for the development of adaptive laws in accordance with changing times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malnutrition remains one of the major public health concerns globally. To achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 2 which seeks to ensure that hunger and malnutrition are reduced by 2030, it is imperative to ascertain the factors influencing their occurrence. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with mother–child dyads of overnutrition and undernutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Demographic and Health Survey data from 25 sub-Saharan African countries were used for the study. The sample was made up of 125,280 mother–child dyads. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of overweight or obese mother (OWOBM) with a stunted child (OWOBM-SC), OWOBM with an underweight child (OWOBM-UC), OWOBM with a wasted child (OWOBM-WC), and OWOBM with any form of child's undernutrition indicators (OWOBM-SUWC). Multilevel regression models were developed to examine the factors associated with these indicators. The results were presented using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their respective 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Higher likelihood of OWOBM-SUWC was found among women aged 45–49 [AOR 2.20, 95% CI 1.70, 2.85], those with primary [AOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.21, 1.44] or secondary education [AOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09, 1.35], and divorced women [AOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.02, 1.73]. However, lower odds of OWOBM-SUWC were observed among women who were working [AOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.76, 0.89] and those breastfeeding [AOR 0.75, 95% CI 0.70, 0.82]. The odds of OWOBM-SUWC was lower among females compared to male children [AOR 0.85, 95% CI 0.80, 0.90]. Compared to children aged <1 year, children of all other age groups were more likely to have OWOBM-SUWC. Other child characteristics significantly associated with OWOBM-SUWC were low birth weight [AOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.32, 1.71], having diarrhea [AOR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04, 1.24], and higher birth order [AOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.13, 1.66]. Children whose mothers used unimproved toilet facilities [AOR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83, 0.98], those who lived in rural areas [AOR 0.79, 95% CI 0.71, 0.87], and children from the Central [AOR 0.55, 95% CI 0.46, 0.65], Eastern [AOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.38, 0.52] and Western [AOR 0.76, 95% CI 0.65, 0.89] sub-Saharan Africa were less likely to have OWOBM-SUWC. Conclusion: Combination of child, maternal, and contextual factors could explain mother–child dyads of overnutrition and undernutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. Addressing this situation requires multidimensional policies and interventions that empower women through education and economic engagement. The observed sub-regional differences in policies and commitments related to addressing malnutrition suggest the need for comprehensive and coordinated efforts to implement and strengthen multisectoral comprehensive nutrition plans across sub-Saharan Africa. Sharing best practices and lessons learned can help improve the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of nutrition interventions and contribute to reducing the prevalence of malnutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the timing of and factors associated with remarriages in rural Malawi after the first marital dissolution. Data come from the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health conducted between 1998 and 2010. Results show that remarriages in rural Malawi are quick and virtually universal, especially among divorced and young women. The median time-to-remarriage after the first marital dissolution is two years for all women combined and divorced women in particular, and only one year for women aged 15–24. Cox proportional hazard models reveal that longer duration of previous union, marital unions that occurred in the latter half of the year 2000 and widowhood are all associated with lower remarriage hazards, whereas Muslim women and women resident in matrilineal societies have higher remarriage hazards than their respective counterparts. Overall, results highlight the importance of previous marriage characteristics above other individual factors in explaining factors associated with remarriages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple and cost-effective screening procedure in downstaging breast tumors. Aim: To assess the BSE practices and its associated knowledge and attitudes of rural women from Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu during the COVID-19 pandemic. Settings and Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed, and snowball sampling was used to recruit the sample of rural women from Tirunelveli. Materials and Methods: Women ages 18-60 willing to take part were included. Data were collected online through a self-developed questionnaire. Statistical Analysis: Responses were analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to present the general details and responses of the rural women through percentages. Using the appropriate tests, the mean differences of the BSE attitudes based on the personal variables were computed using one-way ANOVA. Results: A total of 433 rural women (Mean age: 29.20 ± 9.35 years) from Tirunelveli responded to the online Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) questionnaire. Regular health checkups were undergone by 27.48% of women and 9.24% underwent breast cancer (BC) screening in the past. While 68.36% had heard of BC, 61% knew it could be detected in the early stages. Insufficient knowledge regarding BSE techniques was evident among the women. Knowledge about BC was highest among those earning more than 20,001 INR, women aged 36-45, widowed/separated/divorced women, and diploma graduates. Overall, BSE and BC knowledge score was low, with correspondingly low attitudes and practices. Conclusion: Findings showed the KAP among rural Tirunelveli women to be low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Suicide represents a significant mental health challenge. Therefore, this study aims to establish a structural model of suicide tendencies based on ego strength, with the employment status mediating this relationship among divorced women. Method: This research adopts an applicative approach using correlational analysis through structural equations modeling. The statistical population comprises divorced women covered by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee of Isfahan in 2023. Districts 2 and 3 were chosen from 5 districts using multistage sampling. A total of 270 women were selected based on Morgan and Krejcie's Table and minimum sample adequacy criteria (Smart PLS3). After excluding distorted questionnaires, 250 questionnaires were analyzed. The research instruments included the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (Beck, 1961) and the Psychosocial Inventory of Ego Strengths (Markstrom et al., 1997). Results: The findings demonstrate the significant effect of ego strength on suicidal tendencies (p ≤ 0.001, β = -0.455). Moreover, ego strength significantly and directly influences suicidal tendencies in both divorced housewives (p ≤ 0.001, β = -0.637) and divorced working women (p ≤ 0.001, β = -0.311). Multi-group analysis comparing the coefficients of ego strength on suicidal tendencies in both groups revealed a significant difference (0.326, p ≤ 0.001), indicating the mediating role of employment status in the relationship between ego strength and suicidal tendencies. Conclusion: The significant mediating role of employment status suggests that reducing suicidal tendencies among divorced women can be achieved by creating suitable job opportunities through the Committee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the stressors and coping strategies of divorced women in Cirebon Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The high divorce rate in Indonesia has resulted in stigmatization and distorted perceptions of divorced women in the community. Divorced women face numerous stressors, including negative stigma, raising children without a husband, economic factors, fear of the future, and relationships with ex-husbands and their families. However, these women employ coping mechanisms such as self-management, finding enjoyment in the process, diverting their attention from problems, seeking support, strengthening their spirituality, and engaging in self-reflection to overcome the stress they experience. The study emphasizes the importance of promoting positive coping mechanisms and addressing stigmas and biases towards divorced women in society. [Extracted from the article]

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of violence against women living in rural areas, explore associated factors, and characterize cases of violence according to perpetrator, place of occurrence, and frequency. Based on data from the 2019 National Health Survey, using Poisson's regression we calculated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios for violence committed during the last 12 months against women living in rural areas across Brazil, focusing on the following variables: sociodemographic characteristics, income, social support, and self-reported health status. The prevalence of psychological, physical, and sexual violence was 18%, 4.4%, and 1.5%, respectively. Perpetrators were mainly people known to the victim and violence was mainly committed at home and repeated over time. Prevalence was highest among young women (24.2%), single and divorced women (20% each), women who had complete elementary school till not complete higher education (22% each), women with very poor (34%) and poor (30%) self-perceived health status; and women with a mental health problem (30%). After adjustment, the following variables were retained in the model: women aged 30-39 years and 40-49 years; married women; women with very poor, poor, and fair perceived health; and women diagnosed with a mental health problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Custom of the Country" by Edith Wharton is a novel that follows the story of Undine Spragg, a beautiful and ambitious woman who marries multiple men in her pursuit of wealth and social status. The novel explores themes of marriage, divorce, social climbing, and the emptiness of American manners. Critics have interpreted the novel as a commentary on marriage and the changing role of women in society, as well as a critique of capitalist values and the pursuit of wealth. This article discusses the theme of irony in the story, examining how Undine is disempowered by societal expectations and often excluded or misunderstood by those around her. The author also references philosopher Stanley Cavell's work on communication and skepticism in modern relationships, concluding that the novel presents an ambiguous portrayal of marriage and the potential for misunderstanding and failure. [Extracted from the article]

Divorce is generally loathsome among the Yoruba people as it is morally reprehensible and socially stigmatized. Most women divorcees are derisively called 'dalemosu', a term that represents failures in nuptial affairs and lack of capacity to manage marital crisis. To obliterate or counteract the social disapproval and stigmatization attached to divorce, many victims attempt to enter into another conjugal relationship, while others may never care about the disdain with the warped notion that marriage presents lots of injustices, especially for women. They instead prefer finding solace in single parenthood. Notions that "all men are the same" and "marriage is for the lucky ones" were identified as strong factors that made a number of divorcee participants to lose confidence in institution of marriage institution. Leaning on the tripods of Socialist feminist, Psychoanalytic, and Social learning theories, this exploratory study inquired the shared understanding about the causes and social consequences of divorce on the female victims, the children, and the community. Qualitative data were gathered from women divorcees, community leaders, landlords, and landladies across Akinyele communities using referrals and snowballing techniques. Data collected were content-analyzed. Findings show that divorce is socially disapproved and highly discouraged among residents of the study area. Issues touching on finances, incompatibility, unfaithfulness, infertility, domestic violence, and lack of attention as common reasons for divorce. Thus, family members tend to treat female divorcees with contempt and, oftentimes, deprive them of certain social privileges. Having established that divorce produces damaging effects on society, the study recommends, among other things, the need for prospective spouses to seek the services of marriage counsellors. Mutual trust, tolerance, showing affection, as well as spending quality time with spouses in marriages, were also suggested as essential ingredients for matrimonial success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of University of Sharjah Journal for Humanities & Social Sciences is the property of University of Sharjah - Scientific Publishing Unit and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract:Introduction: Previous research findings painted a mixed picture regarding conflictual divorce. A lack of empirical clarity hinders professionals from intervening with this population effectively. Methods: Based on two-wave interview data with 21 divorcing individuals from Lithuania, we explored an array of conflicts that could be related to enduring divorce lasting from 6 months up to 4 years. Results: The results show conflictual divorce as a multifaceted, evolving phenomenon intertwined between many disputes on five interconnected levels. The most prominent ones are with a former spouse and related to self-concept changes. Over time, these conflicts partially transform into disagreements with involved institutions and the country's legal system. In the end, divorcees become involved in enduring uncertainty and embracing inner resources to continue their journey. Conclusion: Positioning enduring divorce within multiple conflict levels identifies several points associated professionals can use in their work with divorcees and the fundamental need for collaboration among stakeholders for effective interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study examined whether the association between the Big Five personality dimensions and postdivorce adjustment (PDA) was mediated by Neff's concept of self‐compassion. Background: Research on marital psychology suggests that multiple psychological factors are associated with PDA. However, the mechanisms by which these factors affect PDA have received much less attention. Accordingly, in the current study, the potential mediation effect of self‐compassion was investigated. Cultural context of PDA is considered. Method: A total of 334 divorced Iranian women took part in the study. Participants completed a sociodemographic survey, including the Ten‐Item Personality Inventory (TIPI), the Self‐Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS‐SF), and Fisher's Divorce Adjustment Scale (FDAS). Results: Correlational analyses and structural equation modeling showed a significant positive association of self‐compassion with self‐reported measures of the positive factors of PDA (feeling of self‐worth, disentanglement from love relationships, social self‐worth, and rebuilding social trust), and the personality traits of emotional stability, extraversion, and conscientiousness. There also was a significant negative association with the negative factors of PDA (symptoms of grief and feeling of self‐anger) and the personality traits of agreeableness, and openness to experience. Self‐compassion significantly predicted variation in positive psychological health beyond that attributable to personality; it partially mediated the relationship between personality and postdivorce adjustment. Conclusions: Personality appears to relate to postdivorce adjustment through self‐compassion. The role of Iranian cultural characteristics in perceiving the magnitude of stress resulting from divorce, and postdivorce adjustment is discussed. Implications: Enhancing self‐compassion among divorced Iranian women seems to be a worthwhile approach to divorce counseling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion focused therapy on self -handicapping, interpersonal communication skills and life orientation in divorced women referred to counseling centers in Isfahan. The research was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group and a one-month follow-up which was performed in the fall of 2020. For this purpose, among the referents, 28 women who met the criteria for entering the research were selected with the convenience sampling and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The participants of the experimental group received Goldman and Greenberg's emotion-focused therapy individually for 9 sessions of 90 minutes. They answered the questionnaires of Jones & Rudwalt Self-handicapping, Jerabek Interpersonal Communication Skills and Scheier & Carver. Life Orientation [1]in three phases. For data analysis variance with repeated measures was used. Finding indicated reduction in mean of self-handicapping and improvement in interpersonal communication skills and life orientation in experimental group in comparison to control group. Based on the findings, for reduction of self-handicapping and improvement in interpersonal communication skills and life orientation in divorced women emotion focused therapy can be used.

Introduction: Divorce is one of the harshest realities in Eastern societies worldwide because it is an intact component of the elementary social institution of the family. Grievously, divorce rates are escalating with profound ramifications for divorcees in Asia, including Pakistan. Therefore, exploring the challenges after divorce with gender-based dimensions in the Pakistani context was necessary, particularly in Hazara Division. Research methodology: The study followed a pragmatic approach through snowball sampling and recruited 75 respondents. The data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed using IBM SPSS 25. For descriptive statistics, frequencies of quantitative responses were determined using percentages, means, and standard deviations. Then Chi-Square Test of Independence, Principal Component Analysis, and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance were performed to find an association between the dependent and independent variables. Results: Results demonstrated that most divorcees face children-related issues followed by economic, social, and psychological issues that impede post-divorce adjustment of divorcees. Results showed that the immaturity of divorcees and gender-specific violence specifically for women make it challenging for them to cope with the situation and impede their growth after divorce. Results revealed that more than half of women and a few of men have custody of children after divorce; however, fight over custody of children is another major cause of delayed adjustment. Results presented that gender significantly influences women's intensity of post-divorce adjustment constraints. Conclusion: Therefore, it is concluded that regardless of gender, ongoing conflicts with ex-spouses or in-laws made the post-divorce adjustment of divorcees difficult. Divorcees are in a constant tug-of-war between fighting internal dilemmas, pursuing individualistic ideals, and fulfilling societal norms, values, and expectations. This battle complicates and prolongs their adjustments after divorce. The study suggests that institutional, psychosocial, and family support is critical to proactively relieve divorcees from resources and their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on social capital theory, in the current study, we examined the contribution of background variables (education and living with/without parents), a personal resource (religiosity), and two communal resources (a sense of community, and both positive and negative societal conditional regard) to the well‐being and hope of divorced women from the Muslim community in Israel. The study included 125 women between the ages of 20 and 60 (M = 36, SD = 9.10). A path analysis model indicated a sense of community as a protective factor that directly contributed to well‐being and hope and also mediated positively between education and religiosity and between well‐being and hope. However, societal conditional negative regard (SCNR) made a negative contribution to well‐being and hope, both directly and indirectly via the sense of community. In the discussion, we highlight the conflict experienced by Muslim divorced women: between remaining part of the Muslim community and undergoing SCNR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies have addressed the issue of "self-stigma" among divorced single-parent women. However, there is a scarcity of quantitative data available on this subject. Moreover, while self-esteem is a crucial factor throughout life, it has been extensively studied in the context of "children" from single-parent families, but not from the perspective of parents themselves. To address this gap, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between self-stigma, self-esteem, and mental health in 347 divorced, single-parent women. The online survey recruited participants randomly, with a specific focus on single mothers who were divorced and had more than one child under the age of 18. The analysis involved utilizing SPSS 25.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) and PROCESS Macro Version 4.1 (Model 4) to conduct descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, reliability assessment, correlation analysis, and mediating analysis. The findings revealed that self-esteem played a partial mediating role in the relationship between self-stigma and mental health. In other words, higher levels of self-stigma among divorced, single-parent women were associated with poorer mental health outcomes. Additionally, the study discovered that engaging in more self-stigma was linked to lower self-esteem and increased mental health distress. These results underscore the significance of internal factors, such as self-stigma and self-esteem, and highlight their relevance in formulating policies aimed at supporting divorced single-parent women. Policymakers should take these factors into account to develop effective strategies to aid this specific group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Abant Social Sciences / Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Journal of Abant Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The focus of this article is the Shari'ah-compliant Maldives family law's decennial working in fostering familial relations, gender justice, and children's welfare. The discourse and diametric of divorce procedures are based on the discursive analysis of the Maldives Family Act (2000). The article analyses the phenomenology of the rise in divorce in the Maldives based on the content and right-based approach of the breakdown theory of divorce under Sections 23-30 of the Act. The family jurisprudence and narrative in Maldives stem from the British colonial statutes, Portuguese legal traditions, and foundational values of Islamic laws and modern legislative reforms. The Quranic and Shari'ah-based norms are grounded in the Constitution of Maldives (2008) and there are requirements of international feminist law, most notably the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) (1979). The diversity of factors relating to the dissolution of marriages vis a vis family dispute resolution by the Family Court and Magistrate Court offers insightful understanding of the real-world implementation of divorce law in general and break down theory of divorce in particularities of the Maldives. This article finds that a high incidence of divorce is primarily attributed to the breakdown theory of divorce recognised under Sections 23-30 of the Maldives Family Act (2000). In nutshell, marriage neither is the mega event of life nor is divorce a stigma in the Maldivian socio-legal milieu, and so are the frequent widower and divorcee re-marriages in Maldivian society. The application of the breakdown theory of divorce and its enforcement in the Maldives Family Act (2000) is a good example for refurbishing Shari'ah oriented as well as common law-based family laws across multicultural and heterogeneous jurisdictions of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived social support and hope with post-divorce adjustment among divorced women. The statistical population of the study was 192 divorced women under the auspices of the imam Khomeini Relief foundation of these, a sample of 150 women was selected using simple random sampling method. The type of research was descriptive and its method was correlated. To analyze the results, parametric inferential statistics such as regression, Pearson correlation and multiple methods were used. In order to collect data, standardized perceived social support questionnaires (Zimm et al., 1988), Omid Schneider et al. (1991) and Divorce Adjustment Scale (Fischer 1976) were used. Findings showed that there was relationship between perceived social support and hope with post-divorce adjustment among divorced women. There was a relationship between perceived social support with post-divorce adjustment among divorced women. There was a relationship between hope with post-divorce compatibility among divorced women.

The article discusses the significance of marriage authorizations from the Office of the Chief Rabbi for Jewish genealogists, particularly those issued before 1880. It highlights the valuable genealogical information contained in these authorizations, including details about the individuals' places of origin, lists of unmarried brothers, and Hebrew names.

Although most empirical research has focused on divorcing individuals' experiences before or after marriage dissolution, how people understand and evaluate themselves during their lasting divorce processes has been largely understudied. We aimed to close this gap by learning how individuals regard their longer-lasting divorce process and how those experiences could relate to changes of self. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and then analyzed by applying a grounded theory approach. Twenty-one research participants residing in Lithuania who were 6 months or more into their divorce processes (not living together or in a litigation process) participated in the study. By allowing participants to reflect on their ongoing divorce, data indicated three main categories illuminating the changes in self: temporal self-disruption, restricted self-transition, and transition-supporting strategies. These interconnected categories point toward complex paths of the divorcees from experienced losses toward a more stable and clear yet not finalized self-redefinition. Individuals' increased vulnerability, especially during the first years of the divorce, requires particular attention from child protection officers, lawyers, mediators, and other involved professionals. Unfortunately, support is often unavailable or refuted due to the perceived low effectiveness and lack of professionalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Arts & Social Sciences (JASS) is the property of Sultan Qaboos University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigates the visual representation of menopause in Iranian health promotion resources. The author uses Kress and Van Leeuwen's approach to visual analysis (Kress G and Van Leeuwen T (2002) Colour as a semiotic mode: Notes for a grammar of colour. Visual Communication 2(3): 343–368 and Kress G and Van Leeuwen T (2006) Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design, 2nd edn. London: Routledge.) to study publications about the menopause by the Iranian Government and two major medical universities. Two research questions guide the investigation: How do Iranian health promotion resources visually represent the menopause? How do these representations reflect and reproduce cultural values and religious beliefs? Findings reveal that: the publications address both men and women, but exclude widows, single and divorced women; the publications encourage women to stay healthy and lead a fulfilling post-menopausal life; and that they have a distinctly Iranian approach to the use of visual communication, characterized by abstract modality, visual symbolism and the emotive expressivity of a vivid use of colour. However, the publications have not been updated since 2008 and are currently not distributed so that their generally positive message cannot, at present, challenge some traditional masculine beliefs which restrict women to the roles of wife and mother. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanities & Educational Sciences Journal is the property of Humanities & Educational Sciences Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Various marriage problems cause women to sometimes file for legal divorce from their husbands. However, the religious court decision on divorce has violated women's rights, both alimony and mut'ah rights. This study aimed to show the causes of post-divorce violations of women's rights and the implications of religious court decisions on women which violate their rights. This study used two data collection methods, namely documentation of Religious Court decisions through directories and interviews. The decision was confirmed to informants through interviews with a number of judges and women as plaintiffs. Based on the results, the Religious Court decision on divorce violating women's rights produces poverty and life stress for women. Women do not get justice because the Religious Court decision creates gender bias. Therefore, it takes courage from judges in deciding divorce cases to realize 3 legal objectives and a legislative review of several articles in Law on Marriage for the reformulation of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Turkish legal system, children born within marriage receive the father's surname. In the case of a divorce, custody of the child is usually granted to the mother. However, the child's surname does not change after the divorce, while the woman resumes her pre-marriage surname, which means the surnames of the child and the mother will differ. Due to different surnames, the child may face various problems with school life, healthcare services and may even suffer from peer pressure. The Turkish Civil Code (TCC) does not permit the woman to change the child's surname, even when she has been granted custody by court order. In this article we discuss the best interests of the child when the mother and child carry different surnames. We argue that there is inequality for women in the TCC regulations concerning the child's surname despite claims to support gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of every three women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) in Gaza does not live for more than 5 years. They are faced by unreliable treatment plans. Radiotherapy is not available locally and there are chronic shortages in the chemotherapy medications. This paper aims to provide understanding of how socio-demographic factors affect the stage at which the cancer is diagnosed and what treatment is prescribed. Methods: Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey targeting women living in Gaza who had been diagnosed with BC at least once. The survey was self-administered and distributed to 350 women between 1 March 2021 and 30 May 2021. Multinomial logistic regression (SPSS, version 28.0) was used to explore the association between stage of the cancer at diagnosis and socio-demographic characteristics. The relationship between the stage at diagnosis and prescribed treatment was explored using a cluster analysis and crosstabulations. Findings: Socio-demographic inequalities were reflected in stage at diagnosis and varied by age, education, employment, marital status, and refugee status. Breast cancer was less likely to be detected at an advanced stage among educated respondents (women with primary education OR = 0.093, p = 0.008 and women with preparatory education OR = 0.172, p = 0.005), employed women (OR = 0.056, p = 0.022). It was more likely to be detected at an early stage (OR = 3.954, p = 0.011) in women aged 41-50. In widowed and separated/divorced women, it was less likely to be detected at an early stage (OR = 0.217, p = 0.029) and (OR = 0.294, p = 0.028) respectively, than among married women. Among refugee women, it was less likely to be detected at early stage than among non-refugee women (OR = 0.251, p = 0.007). Among the total respondents, only 30% of the full prescribed treatment was available locally. Conclusion: Our research showed various levels of inequalities at the stage of diagnosis by age, marital status, education, employment and refugee status. Most of the survivors needed treatment that was unavailable locally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]