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6. Some Tentative Comments on Japanese and American Decision Making

Author

Doktor, R.

Subjects
Decision-making -- United States, Decision-making -- Japan, Business, Business, general
Abstract

There is a difference in the way Japanese and Americans perceive causation. The Japanese utilize an environmental model of causation. The Americans utilize a response model. The American approach is abstract in concept while the Japanese approach is concrete. These cognitive model differences may be related to the physiology of the brain. Implications for research on managerial decision making are summarized. A literature review is provided.

Published
1983

7. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF INDIVIDUAL VS. GROUP INTEREST.

Author

Watzke, G. E., Doktor, R. H., Dana, J. M., and Rubenstein, F. D.

Subjects
CARD games, GAMES, SELF-interest, INTEREST (Psychology), ENVIRONMENTAL degradation
Abstract

Societal-level problems often result from many individuals acting in their own self-interest rather than in the interest of the group. This paper describes an experimental game based on continued degradation of the central resource which determines each player's winnings; players elect to allow, to not allow, or to reverse the degradation by spending from their respective scores. The game was begun with either a "pure" or half-degraded central resource and was Played with subjects winning amounts based on their personal scores or on the groups combined score. Results under all conditions are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1972
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15. Amonyaklı çözeltilerden kobaltın sıvı membran prosesiyle selektif olarak ayrılması ve zenginleşmesi

Author

Şahin, İbrahim, Yardımcı Doçent Doktor R. Ali M. Kumbasar, and Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Anabilim Dalı, Kimya

Subjects
Sıyırma, Kobalt, Kobaltın ayrılması, Emülsiyon tipi sıvı membran
Abstract

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır. Kobalt, dünyada yerkabuğundaki 25 mg/ton luk ortalama miktarı ile elementler arasındaki bolluk bakımından son sıralarda yer almaktadır. Kobalt, sahip olduğu üstün nitelikler nedeniyle endüstride en çok kullanılan metallerden biridir. Gerek metal ve alaşımları, gerekse paslanmaz çelik olarak geniş kullanım alanlarına sahiptir.Kobalta ve değerli metallere duyulan ihtiyacın sürekli artmasından ve yüksek tenörlü cevherlerin gittikçe azalmasından dolayı çok düşük oranda değerli metal veya metaller içeren katı atıkların ve atık çözeltilerin değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bundan dolayı, problemin çözümüne katkıda bulunacak yeni proseslerin geliştirilmesi her geçen gün artan bir önem kazanmaktadır. Sıvı membran prosesi yeni bir ayırma işlemi olup, düşük konsantrasyonda değerli metal veya metaller içeren atık çözeltilerden değerli metal veya metalleri selektif olarak ve zenginleştirerek ayırma potansiyeline sahip olduğu için, önemi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır.Bu çalışmada, amonyaklı çözeltilerden kobaltın emülsiyon tipi sıvı membran prosesiyle selektif olarak ve zenginleştirilerek ayrılma potansiyeli araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, sıvı membran prosesinin etkinliğine ve verimine etki eden parametreler incelenmiş ve optimum şartlar belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, düşük konsantrasyonda kobalt içeren amonyaklı çözeltilerden; kobaltın emülsiyon tipi sıvı membran prosesi ile (DBHQ ekstraktantı kullanılarak ) selektif olarak ve zenginleştirilerek ayrılabileceğini göstermiştir. Cobalt stands at one of the last ranks among the elements with respect to abundancy with an average amount of 25 mg/ton in earth crust. Cobalt is one of the most widely used metals in metal industry due to the superior properties it posseses. It is widely used in the form of metal and its alloys or in the form of stainless steel.Recovery of precious metals found in little concentration in waste solutions is important. Since requirements for cobalt and other precious metals are continually increasing and also ores with high concentrations of precious metals are in decrease, recovery of precious metals in low concentrations in solid or liquid waste is becoming significant. Therefore new methods that contribute to the recovery and seperation of precious metals from dilute aqueous solutions have recieved much attention in recent years. Liquid membrane is a significant seperation process which has a potential application for selective recovery of such precious metals.In this study, a selective and enriched seperation capability of cobalt from ammoniac solutions by means of an emulsion type liquid membrane process was investigated. Also, the parameters affecting liquid membrane process were examined and optimum conditions were determined. In conclusion, it was shown that cobalt from ammoniac solutions can be recovered selectively by liquid membrane process using DBHQ extractant.

Published
2008

16. Seperation and concentration of nickel from ammoniac solutions by liquid membranes

Author

Kasap, Sibel, Yardımcı Doçent Doktor R. Ali Kumbasar, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Anabilim Dalı, Kimya, Kumbasar, Recep Ali, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Chemistry, Nickel, Nikel, Emülsiyon tipi sıvı membran, Nikelin ayrılması ve konsantre edilmesi, Kimya
Abstract

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Nikel, emülsiyon tipi sıvı membran ( ETSMP ), nikelin ayrılmasıve konsantre edilmesi, ekstraksiyon, sıyırma, 8-hidroksikinolin (8-HQx), emülsiyonparçalama.Nikel, dünyada yerkabugundaki 75 ppm'lik ortalama miktarı ile elementlerarasındaki bolluk bakımından yirmi dördüncü sırada yer almaktadır. Nikel, sahipoldugu üstün nitelikler nedeniyle endüstride en çok kullanılan metalerden biridir.Gerek metal ve alasımları, gerekse paslanmaz çelik olarak genis kullanım alanlarınasahiptir.Nikele ve degerli metallere duyulan ihtiyacın sürekli artmasından ve yüksek tenörlücevherlerin gittikçe azalmasından dolayı çok düsük oranda degerli metal veyametaller içeren katı atıkların ve atık çözeltilerin degerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.Bundan dolayı, problemin çözümüne katkıda bulunacak yeni prosesleringelistirilmesi her geçen gün artan bir önem kazanmaktadır. Sıvı membran prosesiyeni bir ayırma islemi olup, düsük konsantrasyonda degerli metal ve ya metalleriçeren atık çözeltilerden degerli metal veya metalleri selektif olarak vezenginlestirerek ayırma potansiyeline sahip oldugu için, önemi gün geçtikçeartmaktadır.Bu çalısmada, amonyaklı çözeltilerden nikelin emülsiyon tipi sıvı membranprosesiyle selektif olarak ve zenginlestirilerek ayrılma potansiyeli arastırılmıstır.Ayrıca, sıvı membran prosesinin etkinligine ve verimine etki eden parametrelerincelenmis ve optimum sartlar belirlenmistir. Sonuçlar, düsük konsantrasyonda nikeliçeren amonyaklı çözeltilerden; nikelin, emülsiyon tipi sıvı membran prosesi ile (8-HQx ekstraktantı kullanılarak) selektif olarak ve zenginlestirilerek ayrılabileceginigöstermistir. Key Words: Nickel, emulsion type liquid membrane, seperation and concentration ofnickel, extraction, stripping, 8-hydroxquinoline( 8-HQx ), demulsification.Nickel ranks 24th among elements with respect to abundancy with an averageamount of 75 ppm in earth crust. Nickel is one of the most widely used metals inmetal industry due to the superior properties it posseses. It is widely used in the formof metal and its alloys or in the form of stainless steel.Recovery of precious metals found in little concentration in waste solutions isimportant. Since requirements for nickel and other precious metals are continuallyincreasing and also ores with high concentrations of precious metals are in decrease,recovery of precious metals in low concentrations in solid or liquid waste isbecoming significant. Therefore new methods that contribute to the recovery andseperation of precious metals from dilute aqueous solutions have recieved muchattention in recent years. Liquid membrane is a significant seperation process whichhas a potential application for selective recovery of such precious metals.In this study, a selective and enriched seperation capability of nickel from ammoniacsolutions by means of an emulsion type liquid membrane process was investigated.Also, the parameters affecting liquid membrane process were examined and optimumconditions were determined. In conclusion, it was shown that nickel from ammoniacsolutions can be recovered selectively by liquid membrane process using 8-HQxextractant.

Published
2007

17. Current European flood-rich period exceptional compared with past 500 years.

Author

Blöschl G, Kiss A, Viglione A, Barriendos M, Böhm O, Brázdil R, Coeur D, Demarée G, Llasat MC, Macdonald N, Retsö D, Roald L, Schmocker-Fackel P, Amorim I, Bělínová M, Benito G, Bertolin C, Camuffo D, Cornel D, Doktor R, Elleder L, Enzi S, Garcia JC, Glaser R, Hall J, Haslinger K, Hofstätter M, Komma J, Limanówka D, Lun D, Panin A, Parajka J, Petrić H, Rodrigo FS, Rohr C, Schönbein J, Schulte L, Silva LP, Toonen WHJ, Valent P, Waser J, and Wetter O

Abstract

There are concerns that recent climate change is altering the frequency and magnitude of river floods in an unprecedented way 1 . Historical studies have identified flood-rich periods in the past half millennium in various regions of Europe 2 . However, because of the low temporal resolution of existing datasets and the relatively low number of series, it has remained unclear whether Europe is currently in a flood-rich period from a long-term perspective. Here we analyse how recent decades compare with the flood history of Europe, using a new database composed of more than 100 high-resolution (sub-annual) historical flood series based on documentary evidence covering all major regions of Europe. We show that the past three decades were among the most flood-rich periods in Europe in the past 500 years, and that this period differs from other flood-rich periods in terms of its extent, air temperatures and flood seasonality. We identified nine flood-rich periods and associated regions. Among the periods richest in floods are 1560-1580 (western and central Europe), 1760-1800 (most of Europe), 1840-1870 (western and southern Europe) and 1990-2016 (western and central Europe). In most parts of Europe, previous flood-rich periods occurred during cooler-than-usual phases, but the current flood-rich period has been much warmer. Flood seasonality is also more pronounced in the recent period. For example, during previous flood and interflood periods, 41 per cent and 42 per cent of central European floods occurred in summer, respectively, compared with 55 per cent of floods in the recent period. The exceptional nature of the present-day flood-rich period calls for process-based tools for flood-risk assessment that capture the physical mechanisms involved, and management strategies that can incorporate the recent changes in risk.

Published
2020
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18. Designing Web-based telemedicine training for military health care providers.

Author

Bangert D, Doktor R, and Johnson E

Subjects
Curriculum, Humans, United States, Education, Medical, Continuing, Internet, Military Medicine education, Needs Assessment, Telemedicine
Abstract

Background: The purpose of the study was to ascertain those learning objectives that will initiate increased use of telemedicine by military health care providers. Telemedicine is increasingly moving to the center of the health care industry's service offerings. As this migration occurs, health professionals will require training for proper and effective change management. The United States Department of Defense (DoD) is embracing the use of telemedicine and wishes to use Web-based training as a tool for effective change management to increase use. This article summarizes the findings of an educational needs assessment of military health care providers for the creation of the DoD Web-based telemedicine training curriculum., Methods: Forty-eight health care professionals were interviewed and surveyed to capture their opinions on what learning objectives a telemedicine training curriculum should include., Results: Twenty learning objectives were found to be needed in a telemedicine training program. These 20 learning objectives were grouped into four learning clusters that formed the structure for the training program. In order of importance, the learning clusters were clinical, technical, organizational, and introduction to telemedicine., Findings: From these clusters, five Web-based modules were created, with two addressing clinical learning needs and one for each of the other learning objective clusters.

Published
2001
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19. Implementing store-and-forward telemedicine: organizational issues.

Author

Bangert D and Doktor R

Subjects
Computing Methodologies, Hawaii, Humans, Leadership, Learning, Military Medicine organization & administration, Organizational Case Studies, Telemedicine statistics & numerical data, Hospitals, Military organization & administration, Organizational Culture, Telemedicine organization & administration
Abstract

This article documents a study of an organization's cultural readiness for successful implementation of a store-and-forward telemedicine system in a military health care environment. The study focused on the organization's cultural attributes that reflect its learning propensity and thereby its capability to adapt effectively and utilize the new technology. Results suggest that the organization did not possess the most favorable attributes for the utilization of a new technology, and the utilization of the new system was significantly lower than expected during the first 6 months of implementation.

Published
2000
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