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Introduction. The paper provides a complex system analysis of sociolinguistic projects of the "Language Unit of the Year" type in various linguistic cultures. There are several studies related to the topic of sociolinguistic "Word of the Year" projects, which focus on the activation of lexical and thematic groups within the calendar year. The relevance of this study is based on the lack of scientific papers that provide a comprehensive understanding of socio-cultural projects aimed at identifying the mechanisms and priorities of linguistic reflection through other semantic units. The purpose of the study is to record projects initiated by different countries in the period from 1971, the launch of the first project in Germany, to the present, to identify regularities and notable differences. The novelty of the research lies in the consideration of these sociolinguistic projects in a broader scope of linguistic cultures and the analysis of various semiotic units reflecting the influence of extralinguistic processes on linguistic consciousness.Materials and Methods. A critical analysis of databases and official pages of project sites was carried out, scientific publications and news articles of online publications were studied. The research used the methods of observation, comparison, generalization, analysis, synthesis and interpretation of data.Analysis. The regularities and distinguishing features of the development of the "Word of the Year" projects in the media discourse are studied. The projects under the study are systematized by languages, countries, and periods of implementation, the venues for posting information about the projects are identified and the organizations implementing the projects as well as their goals pursued are discovered.Results. The study has allowed us to record 71 projects of the "Language Unit of the Year" type, which have been carried out since the second half of the XX till the first decades of the XXI century in 29 countries of Europe, Asia, North and South America, Africa and Australia in 21 languages of the world. A meaningful change in the interest vector of the public, media actors and researchers towards other semiotic units, like gestures, hieroglyphs, numbers, emoji, and memes, has been revealed.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to develop a new method of analyzing seismic vibrations of seismically isolated structures.Method. The structure is modeled by a system with one degree of freedom with a nonlinear stiffness characteristic. In the absence of damping an analytical solution of oscillation equations on the phase plane is obtained. In this case the connection between speeds and displacements is accurate, and the law of uniformly variable motion is used to calculate displacements.Result. To take into account the attenuation, the law of change in mechanical energy at each integration interval is used.Conclusion. An example of calculating a seismically isolated system with a sliding belt and a spring with a linearly varying characteristic of stiffness is considered. The influence of dry friction and viscous damping on the displacement and acceleration of the system is analyzed.

The ongoing degradation of natural resources and climate change are the focus of close attention of the global and business community. Sustainable development goals have been formulated at the highest levels of global economic governance. However, the existing trends are not broken and, obviously, a critical mass of business on a global scale is being conducted contrary to the declared direction. The purpose of the study is to identify the necessary characteristics of the management system of a sustainable organisation and the driving forces of its development. To achieve this goal, the author used the method of conceptual analysis. The systematisation of the research results was carried out on the basis of the author’s concept of the architectonics of the organisation’s management system. The approaches used to the formation of sustainability and management models of sustainable organisations were analysed both in the form of cases and in an analytical form. As a result of the study, the author revealed the features of managing a sustainable business organisation. Fundamental among them is the leader’s set of values. It is a necessary factor for the existence of the organisation. This particular set of values the author calles “sustainability”, and it determines the proper functioning of other system elements: organisational culture, performance indicators and internal organisational standards. The most significant sign of the “sustainability” set of values influence on the management system are investment decisions. In particular, the most striking indicator of the sustainability of the management system is the priority of long-term goals over short-term ones in the choice of production technologies in the company’s development process. The study confirmed the need for an integrated approach to assessing the sustainability of business organisations. The results of the study were used to create a conceptual architectonics of a sustainable organisation management system.

The world of education continues to be presented by national education systems that are more or less integrated into international programs and initiatives. Students in modern conditions of digitalization, internationalization and mobility receive education from different sources and contexts. All of them reflect the values, attitudes and worldview of their carriers. In such a situation, the national-cultural and global-cultural self-determination of students develops. The fact that it is possible to form multidirectional identities is a challenge to education. The purpose of the article was to identify the sources and contexts of the formation of different identities. The article is theoretical in nature. Analysis, communication and interpretation are methods which were used. The methodological approach of A. Straus was used as a methodological base. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the main sources and contexts of the formation of the national and cultural identity of students in most countries are national education systems. The main sources and contexts for the formation of the global identity of students included global education, international organizations and the Internet. The article shows how ambiguously different countries assess the value of the identity, which of the countries are ready to sacrifice national self-determination, and which are not. The issues of national-cultural and global-cultural self-determination of students can hardly be considered.

The diagnostic methods of senior pupils spiritual development are exposed in the article.

In this article author examines one of the most effective pedagogical conditions of spiritual senior pupils' education - humanization o f pedagogical process.

The model of motivating delegation has been proposed and its justification by the results of recent studies in educational psychology, neurobiology and pedagogy has been presented. The actualization of the employee’s personal effectiveness lies in his internal, inherent and characteristic motivational model only for him. To build the model, the theory of self-motivation and the phenomenon of self-determination, recent discoveries in neurobiology have been used, a sequence of communication interactions between the director and the employee, which makes it possible to include the motivation of aspiration in the employee’s own motivational model, has been formulated. The main elements of the model are unconscious and conscious desires, and regulatory motives of both the leader and subordinate. Their hierarchy and interaction provide effective employee`s self-motivation in terms of setting the task, developing criteria for assessing the performance of the task. Motivating delegation allows you guaranteed to activate both the emotional part of the performer’s brain, which provides energy for the execution of the task, and the prefrontal complex, which is responsible for the thoughtfulness, creativity and consistency of the result and the process of the performance of the task.

There in the article the guideline for management system assessment is proposed on the basis of organizational horizontality concept developed by the author. The horizontal management system is defined as a complex of directed interconnection of adhoc culture and process based structure implemented in the client oriented management model. In this paradigm the horizontality indicator is shaped as an integrated index evaluating by Liebig’s law the minimum of parameters: client orientation, process structuring, adhocracy compliance of culture.

The analysis of the existing approaches to understanding of the involvement of personnel is presented in article. The model of the irresistible organization of the consulting company of «Deloitte» is considered. Developing the concept of a horizontal control system, the author offers the model of formation of the involvement, which is based on two groups of methods: structuring business on processes and formation of organizational culture, as result of participation style of leadership. The integrating element of model is feedback which has to be implemented both in the form of emotional support of employees, and in the formal system of assessment of their activity.

In the article a methodology of vertical management by objective and horizontal development mechanism combination is offered in the form of PDCA and DMAIC cycles kinematic pair. Author suggests to join these cycles in the A phase as a result of deviation analysis. Deviation in standard range launches the self-improvement cycle. Besides, this methodology is built on the organizational process structuring, client focused metrics as a basis for mutual assessment and horizontal control.

Virus technology organizational changes model is presented as an outcome of multidisciplinary research. The model consists of organizational virus structure, chang-es algorithm and immune instruments for process interruption. Author considers organiza-tional transformation virus as a value substance, shown out in attitude, behavior pattern, with information message as an envelope. Virus organizational transformation algorithm consists of three phases - penetration, assimilation, multiplication, focused on the opinion leader. Immunity appears in different existences: opinion leader personality, level of con-formity in organization and reflection as controlling and analytical tool. There are sever-al hypothesis for further researches presented in the article.

In the article a methodology of vertical management by objective and horizontal development mechanism combination is offered in the form of PDCA and DMAIC cycles kinematic pair. Author suggests to join these cycles in the A phase as a result of deviation analysis. Deviation in standard range launches the self-improvement cycle. Besides, this methodology is built on the organizational process structuring, client focused metrics as a basis for mutual assessment and horizontal control.

The analysis of the existing approaches to understanding of the involvement of personnel is presented in article. The model of the irresistible organization of the consulting company of «Deloitte» is considered. Developing the concept of a horizontal control system, the author offers the model of formation of the involvement, which is based on two groups of methods: structuring business on processes and formation of organizational culture, as result of participation style of leadership. The integrating element of model is feedback which has to be implemented both in the form of emotional support of employees, and in the formal system of assessment of their activity.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in prostate gland cancer is a criterion of aggressive biological behavior of the tumor, but the clinical material is not sufficiently studied. The objective of the research was to study epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and its prognostic significance in benign pathology and prostate gland cancer. The absence of vimentin expression and the evident reaction of E-cadherin in the epithelium in benign pathology of the prostate glandwere revealed. The change in the expression of these markers in prostate gland canceroccur at the expense of low-differentiated forms and is characteristic of the high-risk group (p

Abstract In this paper we represent nonperturbative calculation for one-loop Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) vacuum birefringence in presence of strong magnetic field. The dispersion relations for electromagnetic wave propagating in strong magnetic field point to retention of vacuum birefringence even in case when the field strength greatly exceeds Sauter-Schwinger limit. This gives a possibility to extend some predictions of perturbative QED such as electromagnetic waves delay in pulsars neighbourhood or wave polarization state changing (tested in PVLAS) to arbitrary magnetic field values. Such expansion is especially important in astrophysics because magnetic fields of some pulsars and magnetars greatly exceed quantum magnetic field limit, so the estimates of perturbative QED effects in this case require clarification.

A debatable problem of the display of induced seismicity and its causes during the construction of reservoirs (Reservoir Induced Seismicity - RIS) is considered on the basis of an analysis of various publications. This paper describes the history of the evolution of ideas about the possibility of the activation of seismic events in the zones of influence of artificial reservoirs and examples of such activation in aseismic areas, which is a medium geological response to technogenic interference (e.g. Shivajisagar reservoir in West India, Mead reservoir in the USA, Danjiangkou Reservoir in central China, Nurek reservoir in Central Asia, Chirkey reservoir in Dagestan and other). The problem and reasons of induced seismicity (RIS) are debatable. however, published examples demonstrate the existence of this process. For reservoirs with different amounts of water RIS is an inseparable component of the natural and man-made geological process. The world statistics knows cases of seismicity intensification in areas near small man-made reservoirs with low pressure levels (Belecha in former Yugoslavia, Marathon in Greece, Grandval in France). In addition, it was found that the number of local earthquakes increased after creating a cascade of three small water reservoirs (Studen Kladenets, Kardzhali and Ivaylovgrad) in the basin of The Arda river (Bulgaria). The RIS examples listed above allow us to think that it is not only the creation of large reservoirs that change (in some cases, intensifies) the local seismicity in the surrounding area. No reservoir, no matter what size it is, is insured from such geological process. At the present time there are more than 100 places in the world with displays of induced seismicity due to reservoir construction. In India there are up to eight reservoirs with these problems. Induced seismicity associated with the influence of man-made water reservoirs, causes a specific geo-ecological risks to the surrounding areas.

Background. Stroma is a crucial factor in the growth and progression of prostate cancer. However, the morphological and molecular biological signs of cancer stroma that define prognosis of the disease have been investigated insufficiently. Objective. To identify relationships between morphological, immunohistochemical (vimentin, smooth muscle actin-α, MMP-9, collagen type IV) characteristics of the cancer stroma and criteria of aggressive clinical behavior, the risk of recurrence of prostate cancer. Metods. Stroma of the tumors was quantified in 112 patients treated with radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate carcinoma. Cancers were divided into three risk groups. Immunohistochemical study was conducted on the material of 33 cases of prostate cancer, 10 cases of normal prostate and 11 cases of atypical hyperplasia, in total 54 cases. The 2 test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient where used to compare the studied features. Results. Desmoplasia of prostate cancer occurred in 61.6% of cases, low, moderate and high grade in 29.5%, 25.9% and 6,2% respectively. Expression of vimentin, smooth muscle actin-α, MMP-9, collagen type IV in the cancer stroma where not uniform. Conclusion. Decrease of differentiation of prostate cancer from G1 to G2 was associated with increased degree of tumor desmoplasia, identified tendency to reduce desmoplasia level with decreasing differentiation to G3. Also revealed, the less differentiated tumor, the more expressed peritumoral reactive fibrosis. Absence of desmoplasia typical for low-risk prostate cancer, moderate and severe desmoplasia associated with cancers of the intermediate risk group. Stroma of prostate cancer with decreasing of tumor differentiation and growth of aggressive clinical behavior characterized by the disappearance of the collagen type IV, tendency to decrease smooth muscle actin-α and increase expression of vimentin because of increasing the number of tumor-associated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. In the stromal cells with decreasing differentiation of prostate cancer and increasing the risk of recurrence has tended to increase of MMP-9 expression.

There in the article the guideline for management system assessment is proposed on the basis of organizational horizontality concept developed by the author. The horizontal management system is defined as a complex of directed interconnection of adhoc culture and process based structure implemented in the client oriented management model. In this paradigm the horizontality indicator is shaped as an integrated index evaluating by Liebig’s law the minimum of parameters: client orientation, process structuring, adhocracy compliance of culture.

To assess motor and evacuation function of gastrointestinal tract in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) several methods can be used. Our aim was to study colonic motility in patients with different variants of IBS using dynamic scintigraphy. Materials and methods. 107 patients with IBS by Rome III criteria (2006) were enrolled. All patients were divided into 4 groups: I group — IBS with constipation (36/107, 33.6 %), II group — IBS with diarrhea (35/107, 32.7 %), III group — unspecified IBS (22/107, 20.7 %), IV group — mixed IBS (14/107, 13.0 %). Dynamic scintigraphy was done using scintillation gamma-room OFECT‑1 and EBM. Medium activity of radiopharmaceutical was taken at a rate of 10 MBq/kg body weight of the patient. Results. The results showed that in case of the IBS with constipation the passage of radiopharmaceutical decreased (increased radioactivity in the abdomen (> 60 %) and asymmetry of the right and left parts of the bowel is < 31 %, p < 0.05 in all cases). As for the IBS with diarrhea the speed of radiopharmaceutical increased (radioactivity in the abdomen is < 60 %, asymmetry of the right and left parts of the bowel is > 2 5 %, p < 0.05 in all cases). No statistically significant motor changes in case of unspecified and mixed variants of IBS were found (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Using dynamic scintigraphy we found expressed slowing of the passage of radiopharmaceutical in IBS patients with constipation (p < 0.05), while in case of IBS with diarrhea the speed of radiopharmaceutical evacuation was increased (p < 0.05). In a case of other variants of IBS no statistically significant changes were detected.

The purpose of the study is to identify the main features of the management system of a sustainable organization and the driving forces of its development. The results of the study are used to create a conceptual model of the management system of a sustainable organization. To achieve this goal, the authors analyzed the existing principles, approaches and management models of sustainable organizations both in the form of cases of successful companies and in a generalized form. The analysis was carried out according to the authors’ structure of the architectonics of the organization management system. The features of the management system of a sustainable business organization were discovered, among which the key place, as a factor of its development, is the set of values of the leader. This specific set of values is called “sustainability”, and it determines the appropriate functioning of other elements of the system, such as organizational culture, performance indicators, and internal standards. The most significant sign of the influence of the set of values “sustainability” on the management system are investment decisions, and in particular, the choice of production technologies in the development of the company. The study confirmed the need for a comprehensive approach to assessing the sustainability of business organizations. The necessity of forming a set of values of leaders and owners of companies as the main factor in the development of sustainable business ecosystems is also revealed.

This paper focuses on a key success factor in higher education, which is its management, related to creating conditions for successful education. The notion “successful education” is complicated and it has not been analyzed conceptionally. We argue that successful education is the one which provides students with experience to succeed in life. The models of successful online education should aim at supporting students’ experience rather than at providing admission to the technology itself. Management in higher education, in this case will be built on organization students’ experience which leads to successful education. X culture model has proved to serve this purpose.

Gravity phenomena related to the Earth movements in the Solar System and through the Galaxy are reviewed. Such movements are manifested by geological processes on the Earth and correlate with geophysical fields of the Earth. It is concluded that geodynamic processes and the gravity phenomena (including those of cosmic nature) are related. The state of the geomedium composed of blocks is determined by stresses with force moment and by slow rotational waves that are considered as a new type of movements [Vikulin, 2008, 2010]. It is shown that the geomedium has typical rheid properties [Carey, 1954], specifically an ability to flow while being in the solid state [Leonov, 2008]. Within the framework of the rotational model with a symmetric stress tensor, which is developed by the authors [Vikulin, Ivanchin, 1998; Vikulin et al., 2012a, 2013], such movement of the geomedium may explain the energy-saturated state of the geomedium and a possibility of its movements in the form of vortex geological structures [Lee, 1928]. The article discusses the gravity wave detection method based on the concept of interactions between gravity waves and crustal blocks [Braginsky et al., 1985]. It is concluded that gravity waves can be recorded by the proposed technique that detects slow rotational waves. It is shown that geo-gravitational movements can be described by both the concept of potential with account of gravitational energy of bodies [Kondratyev, 2003] and the nonlinear physical acoustics [Gurbatov et al., 2008]. Based on the combined description of geophysical and gravitational wave movements, the authors suggest a hypothesis about the nature of spin, i.e. own moment as a demonstration of the space-time ‘vortex’ properties.

Publications about the earthquake foci migration have been reviewed. An important result of such studies is establishment of wave nature of seismic activity migration that is manifested by two types of rotational waves; such waves are responsible for interaction between earthquakes foci and propagate with different velocities. Waves determining long-range interaction of earthquake foci are classified as Type 1; their limiting velocities range from 1 to 10 cm/s. Waves determining short-range interaction of foreshocks and aftershocks of individual earthquakes are classified as Type 2; their velocities range from 1 to 10 km/s. According to the classification described in [Bykov, 2005], these two types of migration waves correspond to slow and fast tectonic waves. The most complete data on earthquakes (for a period over 4.1 million of years) and volcanic eruptions (for 12 thousand years) of the planet are consolidated in a unified systematic format and analyzed by methods developed by the authors. For the Pacific margin, Alpine-Himalayan belt and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which are the three most active zones of the Earth, new patterns of spatial and temporal distribution of seismic and volcanic activity are revealed; they correspond to Type 1 of rotational waves. The wave nature of the migration of seismic and volcanic activity is confirmed. A new approach to solving problems of geodynamics is proposed with application of the data on migration of seismic and volcanic activity, which are consolidated in this study, in combination with data on velocities of movement of tectonic plate boundaries. This approach is based on the concept of integration of seismic, volcanic and tectonic processes that develop in the block geomedium and interact with each other through rotating waves with a symmetric stress tensor. The data obtained in this study give grounds to suggest that a geodynamic value, that is mechanically analogous to an impulse, remains constant in such interactions. It is thus shown that the process of wave migration of geodynamic activity should be described by models with strongly nonlinear equations of motion.

Genomic disorders, the syndromes with multiple manifestations, may occur sporadically due to unequal recombination in chromosomal regions with specific architecture. Therefore, each patient may carry an individual structural variant of DNA sequence (SV) with small insertions and deletions (INDELs) sometimes less than 10 bp. The transposable elements of the Tc1/mariner superfamily are often associated with hotspots for homologous recombination involved in human genetic disorders, such as Williams Beuren Syndromes (WBS) with LIM-kinase 1-dependent cognitive defects. The Drosophila melanogaster mutant agnts3 has unusual architecture of the agnostic locus harboring LIMK1: it is a hotspot of chromosome breaks, ectopic contacts, underreplication, and recombination. Here, we present the analysis of LIMK1-containing locus sequencing data in agnts3 and three D. melanogaster wild-type strains—Canton-S, Berlin, and Oregon-R. We found multiple strain-specific SVs, namely, single base changes and small INDEls. The specific feature of agnts3 is 28 bp A/T-rich insertion in intron 1 of LIMK1 and the insertion of mobile S-element from Tc1/mariner superfamily residing ~460 bp downstream LIMK1 3′UTR. Neither of SVs leads to amino acid substitutions in agnts3 LIMK1. However, they apparently affect the nucleosome distribution, non-canonical DNA structure formation and transcriptional factors binding. Interestingly, the overall expression of miRNAs including the biomarkers for human neurological diseases, is drastically reduced in agnts3 relative to the wild-type strains. Thus, LIMK1 DNA structure per se, as well as the pronounced changes in total miRNAs profile, probably lead to LIMK1 dysregulation and complex behavioral dysfunctions observed in agnts3 making this mutant a simple plausible Drosophila model for WBS.

The field this research focuses on is the interrelation between organizational culture power and the level of leader’s preferred management model implementation. The phenomenon of culture power has been defined by the authors, for the purpose of this research, as a coherence in perception of organizational culture by leader on one side, and employees, on the other side. The Total Quality Management concept has been applied in this research as a governance model. We discovered positive linear correlation between organizational culture power and the level of leader’s preferred governance model implementation. The study presents management models of a number of company GC ( group of companies) with more than 2000 employees in total and with 205 respondents participating in the research.