Search

Copyright of Clinical Neuroscience / Ideggyógyászati Szemle is the property of LifeTime Media Kft. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Dopamine deficiency causes Parkinson's disease (PD), and on treatment, levodopa is the gold standard. Various drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug receptors are believed to be involved in prompting dyskinesias due to the extended usage of levodopa. Shreds of evidence in genomic studies have presented that ADORA2A receptor antagonism has beneficial outcomes to avoid these drug-induced side effects.Objective: The aim of this study was to study the polymorphisms of rs2298383, rs35060421, and rs5751876 in the ADORA2A in patients diagnosed as PD and describe their possible relationships with levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID).Methods: One-hundred and seventy-two patients were recruited and separated as the study and the control group. DNA was achieved from peripheral venous blood, high resolution melting analysis, and reverse-transcriptase PCR was performed.Results: The allele differences among the groups were not statistically significant. Although it was not statistically significant, the rs35060421 allele was observed to repeat more frequently. However, we did not find an association between such polymorphisms of ADORA2A and LID.Conclusions: Although this result showed that a higher sample number might produce different results as possible, current results in the Turkish sample indicated that these alleles of ADORA2A might not be related to LID in patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Clinical Neuroscience / Ideggyógyászati Szemle is the property of LifeTime Media Kft. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective This study was performed to determine the rate of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) among cases of Behçet's disease (BD) included in a multicentre study of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (VENOST). Methods VENOST was a retrospective and prospective national multicentre observational study that included 1144 patients with CVST. The patients were classified according to aetiologic factors, time of CVST symptom onset, sinus involvement, treatment approach and prognosis. Results BD was shown to be a causative factor of CVST in 108 (9.4%) of 1144 patients. The mean age of patients in the BD group was 35.27 years and 68.5% were men, whereas in the non-BD CVST group, the mean age was 40.57 years and 28.3% were men (P < 0.001). Among the aetiologic factors for patients aged 18–36 years, BD was predominant for men, and puerperium was predominant for women. The onset of symptoms in the BD group was consistent with the subacute form. The transverse sinuses were the most common sites of thrombosis, followed by the superior sagittal sinuses. The most common symptom was headache (96.2%), followed by visual field defects (38%). Conclusions BD was found in 9.4% of patients in our VENOST series. Patients with BD were younger and showed a male predominance. The functional outcome of CVST in patients with BD was good; only 12% of patients presenting with cranial nerve involvement and altered consciousness at the beginning had a poor outcome (modified Rankin Score ⩾2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug-induced parkinsonism is the second common movement disorder after Parkinson's disease. It occurs due to the use of not only neuroleptics but also some other medications as pregabalin. Pregabalin is an antiepileptic drug and a structural analog of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and its use decreases the release of several neurotransmitters. In this case report, we present a 53-year-old female patient with the signs of parkinsonism following pregabalin treatment. Drug-induced parkinsonism was diagnosed based on the clinical features, investigations, and resolution of the complaints. The symptoms relieved after the treatment stopped at a follow-up of 10 days. Due to the rare report of pregabalin-induced parkinsonism, we aim to enhance clinicians' awareness of pregabalin's probable side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of comorbid bipolar disorder (BD) among migraineurs and the impact of migraine-BD comorbidity on disease characteristics. Patients and methods: A total of 120 adult patients diagnosed with migraine at a single tertiary care center were included in this cross-sectional study. Data on sociodemographic and migraine-related characteristics, family history of psychiatric diseases, comorbid psychiatric diseases, and first-episode characteristics were recorded. Mood Disorders Diagnosis and Patient Registration Form (SCIP-TURK), Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), and Hypomania Checklist-32-Revised (HCL-32-R) were applied to all patients by experienced clinicians, and clinical diagnoses were confirmed using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS) was used to evaluate the headache-related disability. Study parameters were compared between migraineurs with and without comorbid BD. Results: The diagnosis of comorbid BD was confirmed in 19.2% of migraineurs. A significantly higher percentage of patients with comorbid BD than those without comorbid BD had family history of BD (39.1% vs 6.2%, P<0.001), suicide attempt (30.4% vs 5.2%, P<0.001), and physical abuse (52.2% vs 26.8%, P=0.019). MIDAS scores were significantly higher (50.6 [43.2] vs 33.8 [42.7], P=0.0422) in migraineurs with comorbid BD than in those without comorbid BD. Multivariate logistic regression model revealed that a positive family history of type I BD (odds ratio [OR], 14.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.94-70.73; P=0.001) and MIDAS scores .30 (OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.12-12.19; P=0.032) were associated with 14.42 times and 3.69 times increased likelihood of BD, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings revealed comorbid BD in a remarkable percentage of migraineurs and a higher likelihood of having BD in case of a positive family history of type I BD and MIDAS scores .30. Comorbid BD was associated with a higher rate for a family history of BD, suicide attempt, and childhood physical abuse as well as aggravated migraine-related disability among migraineurs. Migraineurs with and without comorbid BD showed similar sociodemographic and migraine disease characteristics as well as similar high rates for comorbid anxiety and first-episode depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dopamine deficiency causes Parkinson's disease (PD), and on treatment, levodopa is the gold standard. Various drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug receptors are believed to be involved in prompting dyskinesias due to the extended usage of levodopa. Shreds of evidence in genomic studies have presented that ADORA2A receptor antagonism has beneficial outcomes to avoid these drug-induced side effects., Objective: The aim of this study was to study the polymorphisms of rs2298383, rs35060421, and rs5751876 in the ADORA2A in patients diagnosed as PD and describe their possible relationships with levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID)., Methods: One-hundred and seventy-two patients were recruited and separated as the study and the control group. DNA was achieved from peripheral venous blood, high resolution melting analysis, and reverse-transcriptase PCR was performed., Results: The allele differences among the groups were not statistically significant. Although it was not statistically significant, the rs35060421 allele was observed to repeat more frequently. However, we did not find an association between such polymorphisms of ADORA2A and LID., Conclusions: Although this result showed that a higher sample number might produce different results as possible, current results in the Turkish sample indicated that these alleles of ADORA2A might not be related to LID in patients., Competing Interests: None

Background and Purpose: Oxidative stress has been associated as an essential contributor to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent developments in the field of Parkinson's Disease (PD) pathophysiology have led to a renewed interest in this field. As an antioxidant, uric acid (UA) has arisen as a potential neuroprotectant. Higher concentrations of UA are linked to reducing the risk of the development of the disease and preventing its progression. However, the expositions are unsatisfactory because the outcomes of these reports have not been consistent. This study is set out to assess the association of whether lower UA concentrations increased the PD risk by investigating its relationship with patients' demographic and clinical data, and to determine whether previous studies are compatible with the Turkish-sampled population. Furthermore, we aimed to determine UA's probability of being an early-stage diagnostic marker., Methods: A total of 305 patients and 100 healthy controls were included. Serum UA levels of patients and controls were compared with clinical features. We classified the patients into three motor subtypes and determined the disease severity by modified Hoehn&Yahr Staging Scale (mH&Y) and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-TR) was assessed for cognition., Results: There were not any significant differences of age and sex between patients and controls (p=0.030, p=0.132). The mean UA was 5.06±1.33 mg/dL in patients and 5.46±1.44 in controls, and a statistical significance was detected (p=0.022). The mean MMSE-TR were 24.83±4.35 in patients and 27.09±2.13 in controls, and statictical significance was revealed (p=0.001). The mean duration of the disease was 6.31±4.16 years, mean UPDRS scores were 59.74±22.33, and mH&Y scores were 2.29±0.91. In binary comparisons, patients with tremor-dominant motor subtype had lower UA concentrations than controls (p=0.014). ROC curve analysis revealed UA's cut-off as ≤9.15, the specificity was 99.3, the sensitivity was 10.0, and the area under the curve was 0.576 (p<0.005). Regression analysis revealed age as an independent risk factor on UA values. Oxidative stress might be a factor in the development of PD, and UA may be a possible prospective protecting factor in the clinical course of the disease. However, it does not affect the severity., Conclusion: Our results support that lower uric acid concentrations are associated with PD; however, it is not a powerful indicator for predicting PD risk. As we reveal more about UA and its effect in further investigations, its significant role will become well-defined.

Objective: Activation of trigeminovascular system is thought to play an important role in migraine pathogenesis. Blink reflex (BR) test is an easy method to study the trigeminal system. Latencies recorded in BR test were evaluated to examine neurophysiological changes that occur in migraine patients., Methods: A total of 40 patients diagnosed with migraine (9 with aura and 31 without aura) according to the International Headache Society (IHS) International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition, and 30 healthy control subjects were assessed using BR test. Supraorbital nerve was stimulated on each side, and unilateral early component (R1), and bilateral late component (R2) latencies were evaluated., Results: Significantly longer latency values were recorded on both right and left sides (RR1 and LR1) as well as both ipsilateral and contralateral R2 on the left side (LR2i and LR2c) in the migraine group compared to the control group. Longer RR1 and LR1 latencies were found in patients with migraine who had an attack at the time of study (p<0.01). There was no statistically significant correlation between the location of pain and latencies in the interictal period (p>0.05). But significantly longer R1 and R2i latencies were found at the symptomatic side of patients examined during the headache attack (p=0.037 and p=0.028 respectively). There was no statistically significant correlation between the recorded latencies and gender, attack duration, attack frequency and migraine type (p>0.05)., Conclusion: Results of BR test in the present study are thought to point to a dysfunction in brainstem and trigeminovascular connections of patients with migraine headache and support the trigeminovascular theory of migraine., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.