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BackgroundTHEMIS (NCT01991795) showed that in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) but with no prior myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke, ticagrelor plus acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) decreased the incidence of ischaemic cardiovascular events compared with placebo plus ASA. To complement these findings, we assessed disease burden and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) in US patients with CAD and T2D, but without a prior MI or stroke.MethodsThis observational study used 2013-2014 data from the Diabetes Collaborative Registry linked to Medicare administrative claims. Two cohorts of patients with T2D were studied: patients at high cardiovascular risk (THEMIS-like cohort; N = 56 040) and patients at high cardiovascular risk or taking P2Y12 inhibitors (CAD-T2D cohort; N = 69 790). Outcomes included the composite of all-cause death, MI and stroke; the individual events from the composite endpoint; HRU; and costs.ResultsMedian age was 73.0 years, and median follow-up was 1.3 years in both cohorts. Event rates of the composite outcome were 16.34 (95% confidence interval: 16.31-16.37) and 17.64 (17.61-17.67) per 100 person-years for the THEMIS-like and CAD-T2D cohorts, respectively. The incidence rate of bleeding events was 0.13 events per 100 person-years in both cohorts. Healthcare costs per patient-year were USD 8741 and USD 9150 in the THEMIS-like and CAD-T2D cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsPatients in the THEMIS-like cohort and the broader CAD-T2D population had similarly substantial cardiovascular event rates and healthcare costs, indicating that patients with CAD and T2D similar to the THEMIS population are at an increased cardiovascular risk.

The development of high‐performance artificial synaptic neuromorphic devices poses a significant challenge in the creation of biomimetic sensing neural systems that seamlessly integrate both sensory and computational functionalities. In pursuit of this objective, promising bionic opto‐olfactory co‐sensory artificial synapse devices are constructed utilizing the BP‐C/CNT (2D/1D) hybrid filter membrane as the resistive layer. Experimental results demonstrated that the devices seamlessly integrated the light modulation, gas detection, and biological synaptic functions into a single device while addressing the challenge with separating artificial synaptic devices from sensors. These devices offered the following advantages: 1) Simulating visual synapses, they can effectively replicate fundamental synaptic functions under both electrical and optical stimulation. 2) By emulating olfactory synapse responses to specific gases, they can achieve ultra‐low detection limits and rapid identification of ethanol and acetone gases. 3) They enable photo‐olfactory co‐sensing simulations that mimic synaptic function under light‐modulated pulse conditions in distinct gas environments, facilitating the study of synaptic learning rules and Pavlovian responses. This work provides a pioneering approach for exploring highly stable 2D BP‐based optoelectronics and advancing the development of biomimetic neural systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) require an investment in organic cathode materials because of their structural diversity and desirable specific capacities. However, low real capacities and poor cycling stabilities can result from the high solubilities of small-molecule organic compounds. Here, poly 2-methyl-5-((4-(phenyl(p-tolyl)amino)phenyl)amino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (PQAH) and poly 2,5-dichloro-3-methyl-6-((4-(phenyl(p-tolyl)amino)phenyl)amino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (PQACl) were used to design and synthesize qui cathode materials for aqueous ZIBs. Quinone amine polymers (PQAs) polymerised by simple precipitation have large π-conjugated backbones and miltiple active sites. PQAH and PQACl exhibited superior electrochemical characteristics owing to their stable π-conjugated skeletons and abundant active sites. In particular, PQAH exhibited remarkable cycling stability (78.26% capacity retention rate after 10 000 cycles at 5 A g−1), a high specific capacity (203.4 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1) and a high rate. Due to their low LUMO levels and small bandgaps (ΔE), both quinone amine polymers showed strong electrochromic redox activities. The spatial effects of chlorine atoms, which decreased the structural planarities of the conjugates and the effective conjugation lengths, were responsible for the blueshift in the absorption spectrum of PQACl relative to that of PQAH. PQAH showed a relatively wide band gap but was electrochemically more active and had a larger colouring efficiency (CE) (239.9 cm2 C−1). The potential of PQAs for use in electrochromic (EC) polymers and aqueous ZIBs is significantly enhanced by this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The body size of a chicken is an economically important trait as it directly influences the benefits of the poultry industry, but the relevant genetic mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we measured eight growth traits for 94 Yandang partridge chickens, then undertook genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for those traits in using a linear mixed model based on 10× whole genomic sequencing data to better understand the knowledge of the genetic architecture of growth traits. Ninety-four individuals and 7647883 SNPs remained after quality control and removal of the sex chromosomes, and these data were used to carry out a GWAS analysis. The result showed that only one significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) locates at 14852873 bp on SSC13 surpassed the genome-wide significance level for Keel length (KL). Through linkage disequilibrium analysis and haplotype sharing analysis, we identified one haplotype underlying the SSC13 significantly associated with KL, which could be selected as a potential candidate haplotype that is used in molecular breeding of Yandang partridge chicken. On the other hand, we have learned from a method called bootstrap testing to verify the reliability of GWAS with small experimental samples, which users can access at . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]