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3. Unveiling and Validating the Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Ulcerative Colitis

Author

Deng B, Zhen J, Xiang Z, Li X, Tan C, Chen Y, He P, Ma J, and Dong W

Subjects
fatty acid metabolism, ulcerative colitis, machine learning, biomarkers, pharmacology, immune infiltrations, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Beiying Deng,1,2,* Junhai Zhen,3,* Zixuan Xiang,1,2,* Xiangyun Li,1,2 Cheng Tan,1,2 Ying Chen,1 Pengzhan He,1 Jingjing Ma,4 Weiguo Dong1,* 1Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Practice, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Geriatric, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Weiguo Dong, Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 027-88041911, Email dongweiguo@whu.edu.cnBackground: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a debilitating intestinal disorder that imposes a significant burden on those affected. Fatty acid metabolism plays a pivotal role in regulating immune cell function and maintaining internal homeostasis. This study investigates the biological and clinical significance of fatty acid metabolism within the context of UC.Methods: Gene expression profiles from patients with UC and healthy controls were retrieved, enabling the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to UC. These DEGs were then intersected with genes related to fatty acid metabolism, resulting in the identification of differentially expressed fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FAM-DEGs). Machine learning was employed to pinpoint key feature genes from the FAM-DEGs, which were subsequently used to construct a predictive UC model and to uncover molecular subtypes associated with fatty acid metabolism in UC. An animal model of UC was established using 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration. Western blot analysis confirmed the expression levels of genes in intestinal tissues.Results: The machine learning analysis identified three pivotal genes—ACAT1, ACOX2, and HADHB—culminating in a highly predictive nomogram. Consensus cluster analysis further categorized 637 UC samples into two distinct subgroups. The molecular subtypes related to fatty acid metabolism in UC exhibited significant differences in gene expression, biological activities, and enrichment pathways. Immune infiltration analysis highlighted elevated expression of two genes (excluding HADHB) in subtype 1, which corresponded with a marked increase in immune cell infiltration within this subtype. Western blot analysis demonstrated that ACAT1, ACOX2, and HADHB expression levels in the DSS group were significantly reduced, paralleling those observed in the normal group.Conclusion: This study highlights the critical role of specific fatty acid metabolism-related genes in UC, emphasizing their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention and shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of UC progression.Keywords: fatty acid metabolism, ulcerative colitis, machine learning, biomarkers, pharmacology, immune infiltrations

Published
2024

4. Effects of Empathy on Loneliness Among Rural Left-Behind Children in China: The Chain-Mediated Roles of Social Anxiety and Psychological Resilience

Author

Li X, Peng D, Wu X, Liang J, Yin H, Liu L, Yang Q, Dong W, and Lu C

Subjects
chinese left-behind children, empathy, loneliness, social anxiety, resilience, Psychology, BF1-990, Industrial psychology, HF5548.7-5548.85
Abstract

Xue Li,1,* Dianhui Peng,2,* Xinbo Wu,2 Xiaolin Li,2 Junwen Liang,2 Hongjun Yin,2 Le Liu,2 Qian Yang,2 Weixin Dong,2 Chunxia Lu2 1College of Sports and Art, Shandong Sport University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Sport Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Weixin Dong; Chunxia Lu, Email dongweixin@hunnu.edu.cn; luchunxia@hunnu.edu.cnObjective: Loneliness is a prevalent issue among rural left-behind children in China, adversely affecting their physical and mental well-being, as well as social stability. However, the influencing factors and potential mechanisms of loneliness have not yet been fully clarified. This study aims to validate the mediating roles of social anxiety and psychological resilience by examining the association between affective/cognitive empathy and loneliness among Chinese rural left-behind children.Methods: This cross-sectional survey employed a convenience sampling approach among Chinese left-behind children. A total of 540 participants aged 6 to 11 years old (Average age = 8.54, SD = 1.682) from 3 primary schools in Hunan Province completed the Children’s Loneliness Scale, Social Anxiety Scale for Children, The Chinese version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Basic Empathy Scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0, Origin 2020, and Mplus 8.3.Results: Pearson correlation analyses suggested strong significant correlations among affective/cognitive empathy, loneliness, social anxiety, and psychological resilience. Path analyses indicated that the chain mediation effect size of social anxiety and psychological resilience was 0.016 between affective empathy and loneliness, while the chain mediation effect size between cognitive empathy and loneliness was − 0.011.Conclusion: Affective empathy positively correlates with loneliness among Chinese left-behind children through social anxiety and resilience, while cognitive empathy negatively correlates with loneliness. These findings suggest that left-behind children should enhance their cognitive empathy and psychological resilience to reduce their social anxiety, thereby mitigating their loneliness.Keywords: left-behind children, empathy, loneliness, social anxiety, resilience

Published
2024

5. STCF Conceptual Design Report: Volume 1 -- Physics & Detector

Author

Achasov, M., Ai, X. C., Aliberti, R., An, L. P., An, Q., Bai, X. Z., Bai, Y., Bakina, O., Barnyakov, A., Blinov, V., Bobrovnikov, V., Bodrov, D., Bogomyagkov, A., Bondar, A., Boyko, I., Bu, Z. H., Cai, F. M., Cai, H., Cao, J. J., Cao, Q. H., Cao, Z., Chang, Q., Chao, K. T., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H., Chen, H. X., Chen, J. F., Chen, K., Chen, L. L., Chen, P., Chen, S. L., Chen, S. M., Chen, S., Chen, S. P., Chen, W., Chen, X. F., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. Q., Cheng, H. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, S., Dai, J. P., Dai, L. Y., Dai, X. C., Dedovich, D., Denig, A., Denisenko, I., Ding, D. Z., Dong, L. Y., Dong, W. H., Druzhinin, V., Du, D. S., Du, Y. J., Du, Z. G., Duan, L. M., Epifanov, D., Fan, Y. L., Fang, S. S., Fang, Z. J., Fedotovich, G., Feng, C. Q., Feng, X., Feng, Y. T., Fu, J. L., Gao, J., Ge, P. S., Geng, C. Q., Geng, L. S., Gilman, A., Gong, L., Gong, T., Gradl, W., Gu, J. L., Escalante, A. G., Gui, L. C., Guo, F. K., Guo, J. C., Guo, J., Guo, Y. P., Guo, Z. H., Guskov, A., Han, K. L., Han, L., Han, M., Hao, X. Q., He, J. B., He, S. Q., He, X. G., He, Y. L., He, Z. B., Heng, Z. X., Hou, B. L., Hou, T. J., Hou, Y. R., Hu, C. Y., Hu, H. M., Hu, K., Hu, R. J., Hu, X. H., Hu, Y. C., Hua, J., Huang, G. S., Huang, J. S., Huang, M., Huang, Q. Y., Huang, W. Q., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. J., Huang, Y. B., Huang, Y. S., Hüsken, N., Ivanov, V., Ji, Q. P., Jia, J. J., Jia, S., Jia, Z. K., Jiang, H. B., Jiang, J., Jiang, S. Z., Jiao, J. B., Jiao, Z., Jing, H. J., Kang, X. L., Kang, X. S., Ke, B. C., Kenzie, M., Khoukaz, A., Koop, I., Kravchenko, E., Kuzmin, A., Lei, Y., Levichev, E., Li, C. H., Li, C., Li, D. Y., Li, F., Li, G., Li, H. B., Li, H., Li, H. N., Li, H. J., Li, H. L., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, L., Li, L. Y., Li, N., Li, P. R., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, T., Li, W. J., Li, X. H., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Li, Y. Y., Li, Z. J., Liang, H., Liang, J. H., Liao, G. R., Liao, L. Z., Liao, Y., Lin, C. X., Lin, X. S., Liu, B. J., Liu, C. W., Liu, D., Liu, F., Liu, G. M., Liu, H. B., Liu, J., Liu, J. J., Liu, J. B., Liu, K., Liu, K. Y., Liu, L., Liu, Q., Liu, S. B., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y. W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. L., Liu, Z. Q., Liu, Z. Y., Liu, Z. W., Logashenko, I., Long, Y., Lu, C. G., Lu, N., Lü, Q. F., Lu, Y., Lv, Z., Lukin, P., Luo, F. J., Luo, T., Luo, X. F., Lyu, H. J., Lyu, X. R., Ma, J. P., Ma, P., Ma, Y., Maas, F., Malde, S., Matvienko, D., Meng, Z. X., Mitchell, R., Dias, J. M., Nefediev, A., Nefedov, Y., Olsen, S. L., Ouyang, Q., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pan, X., Pan, Y., Passemar, E., Pei, Y. P., Peng, H. P., Peng, L., Peng, X. Y., Peng, X. J., Peters, K., Pivovarov, S., Pyata, E., Qi, B. B., Qi, Y. Q., Qian, W. B., Qian, Y., Qiao, C. F., Qin, J. J., Qin, L. Q., Qin, X. S., Qiu, T. L., Rademacker, J., Redmer, C. F., Sang, H. Y., Saur, M., Shan, W., Shan, X. Y., Shang, L. L., Shao, M., Shekhtman, L., Shen, C. P., Shen, J. M., Shen, Z. T., Shi, H. C., Shi, X. D., Shwartz, B., Sokolov, A., Song, J. J., Song, W. M., Song, Y., Song, Y. X., Sukharev, A., Sun, J. F., Sun, L., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y. J., Sun, Z. P., Tang, J., Tang, S. S., Tang, Z. B., Tian, C. H., Tian, J. S., Tikhonov, Y., Todyshev, K., Uglov, T., Vorobyev, V., Wan, B. D., Wang, B. L., Wang, B., Wang, D. Y., Wang, G. Y., Wang, G. L., Wang, H. L., Wang, J., Wang, J. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, M. L., Wang, R., Wang, S. B., Wang, W., Wang, W. P., Wang, X. C., Wang, X. D., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. P., Wang, X. F., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Y. L., Wang, Y. G., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, Z. L., Wang, Z. G., Wei, D. H., Wei, X. L., Wei, X. M., Wen, Q. G., Wen, X. J., Wilkinson, G., Wu, B., Wu, J. J., Wu, L., Wu, P. W., Wu, T. W., Wu, Y. S., Xia, L., Xiang, T., Xiao, C. W., Xiao, D., Xiao, M., Xie, Y. H., Xing, Y., Xing, Z. Z., Xiong, X. N., Xu, F. R., Xu, J., Xu, L. L., Xu, Q. N., Xu, X. C., Xu, X. P., Xu, Y. C., Xu, Y. P., Xu, Y., Xu, Z. Z., Xuan, D. W., Xue, F. F., Yan, L., Yan, M. J., Yan, W. B., Yan, W. C., Yan, X. S., Yang, B. F., Yang, C., Yang, H. J., Yang, H. R., Yang, H. T., Yang, J. F., Yang, S. L., Yang, Y. D., Yang, Y. H., Yang, Y. S., Yang, Y. L., Yang, Z. Y., Yao, D. L., Yin, H., Yin, X. H., Yokozaki, N., You, S. Y., You, Z. Y., Yu, C. X., Yu, F. S., Yu, G. L., Yu, H. L., Yu, J. S., Yu, J. Q., Yuan, L., Yuan, X. B., Yue, Y. F., Zeng, M., Zeng, S., Zhang, A. L., Zhang, B. W., Zhang, G. Y., Zhang, G. Q., Zhang, H. J., Zhang, H. B., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, L. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. L., Zhang, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. T., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, M. G., Zhao, Q., Zhao, R. G., Zhao, R. P., Zhao, Z. G., Zhao, Z. X., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, B., Zheng, L., Zheng, Q. B., Zheng, R., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, X. H., Zhou, H. J., Zhou, H. Q., Zhou, H., Zhou, S. H., Zhou, X., Zhou, X. K., Zhou, X. R., Zhou, Y. L., Zhou, Y., Zhou, Y. X., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhu, J. Y., Zhu, K., Zhu, R. D., Zhu, R. L., Zhu, S. H., Zhu, Y. C., Zhu, Z. A., Zhukova, V., Zhulanov, V., Zou, B. S., and Zuo, Y. B.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Super $\tau$-Charm facility (STCF) is an electron-positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics community. It is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of $0.5\times 10^{35}{\rm cm}^{-2}{\rm s}^{-1}$ or higher. The STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that by the present $\tau$-Charm factory -- the BEPCII, providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter (charge-parity violation), in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions, as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard Model. The STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R\&D program. This document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF, describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system, and discusses future plans for detector R\&D and physics case studies.

Published
2023
Full Text
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7. Evaluating Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Related Quality of Life Using an Interpretable Machine Learning Approach: A Multicenter Study in China

Author

Zhen J, Liu C, Zhang J, Liao F, Xie H, Tan C, An P, Liu Z, Jiang C, Shi J, Wu K, and Dong W

Subjects
clinical research, artificial intelligence, model development, clinical decision support system, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Junhai Zhen,1 Chuan Liu,2 Jixiang Zhang,2 Fei Liao,2 Huabing Xie,1 Cheng Tan,2 Ping An,2 Zhongchun Liu,3 Changqing Jiang,4 Jie Shi,5 Kaichun Wu,6 Weiguo Dong2 1Department of General Practice, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Clinical Psychology, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Medical Psychology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army Rocket Army Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100032, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Kaichun Wu, Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +8629-84771600, Email kaicwu@fmmu.edu.cn Weiguo Dong, Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +8627-88041911, Email dongweiguo@whu.edu.cnPurpose: Impaired quality of life (QOL) is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A tool to more quickly identify IBD patients at high risk of impaired QOL improves opportunities for earlier intervention and improves long-term prognosis. The purpose of this study was to use a machine learning (ML) approach to develop risk stratification models for evaluating IBD-related QOL impairments.Patients and Methods: An online questionnaire was used to collect clinical data on 2478 IBD patients from 42 hospitals distributed across 22 provinces in China from September 2021 to May 2022. Eight ML models used to predict the risk of IBD-related QOL impairments were developed and validated. Model performance was evaluated using a set of indexes and the best ML model was explained using a Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) algorithm.Results: The support vector machine (SVM) classifier algorithm-based model outperformed other ML models with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and an accuracy of 0.80 and 0.71, respectively. The feature importance calculated by the SVM classifier algorithm revealed that glucocorticoid use, anxiety, abdominal pain, sleep disorders, and more severe disease contributed to a higher risk of impaired QOL, while longer disease course and the use of biological agents and immunosuppressants were associated with a lower risk.Conclusion: An ML approach for assessing IBD-related QOL impairments is feasible and effective. This mechanism is a promising tool for gastroenterologists to identify IBD patients at high risk of impaired QOL.Keywords: clinical research, artificial intelligence, model development, clinical decision support system

Published
2024

9. Identification of Mitophagy-Associated Genes for the Prediction of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis Based on Interpretable Machine Learning Models

Author

Deng B, Chen Y, He P, Liu Y, Li Y, Cai Y, and Dong W

Subjects
metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, mitophagy, biomarkers, diagnostic model, machine learning, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Beiying Deng,1,2,* Ying Chen,1,2,* Pengzhan He,1,2,* Yinghui Liu,3 Yangbo Li,1,2 Yuli Cai,4 Weiguo Dong1 1Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 2Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Geriatric, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Weiguo Dong, Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, People’s Republic of China, Email dongweiguo@whu.edu.cnBackground: This study aims to elucidate the role of mitochondrial autophagy in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) by identifying and validating key mitophagy-related genes and diagnostic models with diagnostic potential.Methods: The gene expression profiles and clinical information of MASH patients and healthy controls were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). Limma and functional enrichment analysis were used to identify the mitophagy-related differentially expressed genes (mito-DEGs) in MASH patients. Machine learning models were used to select key mito-DEGs and evaluate their efficacy in the early diagnosis of MASH. The expression levels of the key mito-DEGs were validated using datasets and cell models. A nomogram was constructed to assess the risk of MASH progression based on the expression of the key mito-DEGs. The mitophagy-related molecular subtypes of MASH were evaluated.Results: Four mito-DEGs, namely MRAS, RAB7B, RETREG1, and TIGAR were identified. Among the machine learning models employed, the Support Vector Machine demonstrated the highest AUC value of 0.935, while the Light Gradient Boosting model exhibited the highest accuracy (0.9189), kappa (0.7204), and F1-score (0.9508) values. Based on these models, MRAS, RAB7B, and RETREG1 were selected for further analysis. The logistic regression model based on these genes could accurately predict MASH diagnosis. The nomogram model based on these DEGs exhibited excellent prediction performance. The expression levels of the three mito-DEGs were validated in the independent datasets and cell models, and the results were found to be consistent with the findings obtained through bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, our findings revealed significant differences in gene expression patterns, immune characteristics, biological functions, and enrichment pathways between the mitophagy-related molecular subtypes of MASH. Subtype-specific small-molecule drugs were identified using the CMap database.Conclusion: Our research provides novel insights into the role of mitophagy in MASH and uncovers novel targets for predictive and personalized MASH treatments.Keywords: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, mitophagy, biomarkers, diagnostic model, machine learning

Published
2024

10. Progress in the Study of the Role and Mechanism of HTRA1 in Diseases Related to Vascular Abnormalities

Author

Song S, Li X, Xue X, Dong W, and Li C

Subjects
htra1, vascular anomalies, cerebral small vessel disease, amd, tumor, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Shina Song,1,2 Xiaofeng Li,1 Xuting Xue,3 Wenping Dong,2 Changxin Li1 1Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Geriatrics, General Hospital of TISCO, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wenping Dong, Department of Geriatrics, General Hospital of TISCO, North Street, Xinhualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030009, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13703581782, Email tgzyydwp@163.com Changxin Li, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Jiefangnan Road 85, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 030001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13834635428, Email dslcxyx@126.comAbstract: High temperature requirement A1 (HTRA1) is a member of the serine protease family, comprising four structural domains: IGFBP domain, Kazal domain, protease domain and PDZ domain. HTRA1 encodes a serine protease, a secreted protein that is widely expressed in the vasculature. HTRA1 regulates a wide range of physiological processes through its proteolytic activity, and is also involved in a variety of vascular abnormalities-related diseases. This article reviews the role of HTRA1 in the development of vascular abnormalities-related hereditary cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), tumors and other diseases. Through relevant research advances to understand the role of HTRA1 in regulating signaling pathways or refolding, translocation, degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, thus directly or indirectly regulating angiogenesis, vascular remodeling, and playing an important role in vascular homeostasis, further understanding the mechanism of HTRA1’s role in vascular abnormality-related diseases is important for HTRA1 to be used as a therapeutic target in related diseases.Keywords: HTRA1, vascular anomalies, cerebral small vessel disease, AMD, tumor

Published
2024

11. The Median Effective Dose of Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine for Cesarean Section at Moderately High-Altitude

Author

Yang C, Dong W, Luo J, Ma M, Gao Y, Ni L, Liu H, Cha C, Xiao Y, and Huang S

Subjects
bupivacaine, high altitude, spinal anesthesia, ed50 dose, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Chen Yang,1,2,* Wangjun Dong,2,* Jianbo Luo,2 Mengzhao Ma,2 Yeyue Gao,2 Lijie Ni,2 Huixing Liu,2 Chengjun Cha,2 Yangli Xiao,2 Shaoqiang Huang1 1Department of Anesthesia, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesia, Yongping County People’s Hospital, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shaoqiang Huang, Department of Anesthesia, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 128# Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, People’s Republic of China, Email Drhuangsq@163.comObjective: Alterations in altitude can lead to an augmented requirement for local anesthesia among patients. Nevertheless, the necessity for an elevated dosage of local anesthetic for parturients at moderately high altitudes during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section remains uninvestigated. This up-down sequential study endeavors to determine the ED50 dose of bupivacaine required for spinal anesthesia during cesarean sections at moderately high-altitude.Methods: Thirty singleton parturients at moderately high altitude underwent elective cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. The up-and-down sequential method was employed, starting with an initial dose of 12mg (1.6mL) of 0.75% hyperbaric bupivacaine for the first participant. The dose for the next case was adjusted up or down by 0.75mg based on the effectiveness of the previous participant. Effectiveness was defined as the bilateral sensory block reaching T6 within 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia injection, without the need for additional epidural anesthesia before fetal delivery. The ED50 dose and 95% confidence interval were calculated using the Dixon sequential method and isotonic regression, respectively. The incidence of maternal hypotension, nausea, and vomiting during the study period was also recorded.Results: The ED50 of hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia in cesarean section was calculated as 8.23 mg (95% CI, 6.52– 9.32 mg) using the Dixon up-and-down method. Further validation using isotonic regression yielded a value of 8.39 mg (95% CI, 7.48– 9.30 mg), confirming the accuracy and sensitivity of the conclusion. During the operation, only 6 parturients experienced hypotension, and no adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and shivering were observed.Conclusion: The ED50 dose of 0.75% hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia during cesarean section at moderately high altitude is 8.23 mg, which exceeds the ED50 dose typically required by parturients at low altitude. Comprehensive investigations are warranted to ascertain the ED90 or ED95 dose of local anesthetics for cesarean section at moderately high altitudes, thereby offering enhanced guidance for clinical practice.Keywords: bupivacaine, high altitude, spinal anesthesia, ED50 dose

Published
2024

12. Quantifying the Adverse Effects of Long COVID on Individuals’ Health After Infection: A Propensity Score Matching Design Study

Author

Miao Y, Ren R, Shen Z, Li Y, Zhang W, Bai J, Zhu D, Zhang J, Guo D, Tarimo CS, Liu R, Zhao Q, Hu J, Zhou X, and Dong W

Subjects
long covid, lifestyles, self-reported health status, propensity score matching, effect of mediation, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Yudong Miao,1 Ruizhe Ren,1 Zhanlei Shen,1 Yi Li,1 Wanliang Zhang,1 Junwen Bai,1 Dongfang Zhu,1 Jingbao Zhang,1 Dan Guo,1,2 Clifford Silver Tarimo,3 Rongmei Liu,4 Qiuping Zhao,4 Jianping Hu,5 Xue Zhou,6 Wenyong Dong7 1College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Science and Laboratory Technology, Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; 4Henan Key Laboratory for Health Management of Chronic Diseases, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Henan Medical Communication and Project Forward Center, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 6College of Health Management, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Rongmei Liu, Assistant research fellow. Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Central China Fuwai Hospital, #1, Fuwai Avenue, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450014, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8615038204525, Email liuyongmei0203@163.comObjective: To evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of long COVID, and measure the difference in health status between long COVID and non-long COVID cases.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from February 1 to 8, 2023, using a stratified random sampling method in four regions (eastern [Changzhou], central [Zhengzhou], western [Xining] and northeastern [Mudanjiang]) of China. The survey collected COVID-19 patients’ socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyles information. The scores of lifestyles and health status range from 5 to 21 and 0 to 100 points, respectively. The criteria of “persistent health problems after 4 weeks of COVID-19 infection” issued by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used to assess long COVID. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the health. The bootstrap method was used to analyze the lifestyles’ mediating effect. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to evaluate the net difference in health scores between long COVID and non-long COVID cases.Results: The study included 3165 COVID-19 patients, with 308 (9.73%) long COVID cases. The health score of the long COVID cases (74.79) was lower than that of the non-long COVID cases (81.06). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, we found that never focused on mental decompression was a common risk factor for the health of both groups. Lifestyles was the mediating factor on individuals’ health. After PSM, the non-long COVID cases’ health scores remained higher than that of long COVID cases.Conclusion: The proportion of long COVID cases was low, but they were worse off in health. Given the positive moderating effect of healthy lifestyles on improving the health of long COVID cases, healthy lifestyles including mental decompression should be considered as the core strategy of primary prevention when the epidemic of COVID-19 is still at a low level.Keywords: long COVID, lifestyles, self-reported health status, propensity score matching, effect of mediation

Published
2024

13. The Effect of Bullying Victimization on Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: The Mediating Roles of Alexithymia and Self-Esteem

Author

Guo X, Wu S, Dong W, Zhang Y, Su Y, and Chen C

Subjects
bullying victimization, non-suicidal self-injury, alexithymia, self-esteem, adolescents, Psychology, BF1-990, Industrial psychology, HF5548.7-5548.85
Abstract

Xiajun Guo,* Sijia Wu,* Wanglin Dong, Yiqiu Zhang, Yue Su, Chaoran Chen Institute of Nursing and Health, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chaoran Chen, Email kfccr@126.comBackground & Aim: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents is a serious public health issue influenced by the interaction of multiple factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the multiple mediating roles of alexithymia and self-esteem in the association between bullying victimization and NSSI in a sample of Chinese adolescents.Methods: A survey of 1299 adolescents from two public middle schools in Henan Province, China, was undertaken. Data were collected using the Chinese version of the Delaware bullying victimization scale-student (DBVS-S), the Toronto Alexithymia-20 Scale (TAS-20-C), the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), and the adolescent self-injury questionnaire. Besides, we performed a structural equation modeling (SEM) with latent variables using AMOS 26.0 to examine the relationship between variables and the mediating effects.Results: The SEM analysis found that not only can bullying victimization directly impact NSSI, but that alexithymia and self-esteem have a chain mediating effect in the association between bullying victimization and NSSI. This mediating effect contributed 22.47% to the total effect.Conclusion: These findings validate bullying victimization, alexithymia, and low self-esteem are important variables that affect NSSI among Chinese adolescents. Educators need to implement some prevention and intervention strategies to ameliorate the campus atmosphere and adolescents’ mental health aimed at avoiding NSSI behavior in adolescence.Keywords: bullying victimization, non-suicidal self-injury, alexithymia, self-esteem, adolescents

Published
2024

14. Based on Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Reveals the Hub Immune Infiltration-Related Genes Associated with Ulcerative Colitis

Author

Tan Z, Liu C, He P, Wu Y, Li J, Zhang J, and Dong W

Subjects
ulcerative colitis, immune infiltration, wgcna, cibersort, lasso., Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Zongbiao Tan,* Chuan Liu,* Pengzhan He,* Yanrui Wu, Jiao Li, Jixiang Zhang, Weiguo Dong Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Weiguo Dong, Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 027-88041911, Email dongweiguo@whu.edu.cnPurpose: Immune infiltration plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of mucosal damage in ulcerative colitis (UC). The objective of this study was to systematically analyze and identify genetic characteristics associated with immune infiltration in UC.Patients and Methods: Gene expression data from three independent datasets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were utilized. By employing the ssGSEA and CIBERSORT algorithms, we estimated the extent of immune cell infiltration in UC samples. Subsequently, Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify gene modules exhibiting significant associations with immune infiltration, and further identification of hub genes associated with immune infiltration was accomplished using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. The relationship between the identified hub genes and clinical information was subsequently investigated.Results: Our findings revealed significant activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells in UC. Notably, the expression levels of CD44, IL1B, LYN, and ITGA5 displayed strong correlations with immune cell infiltration within the mucosa of UC patients. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the significant upregulation of CD44, LYN, and ITGA5 in UC samples, and their expression levels were found to be significantly associated with common inflammatory markers, including the systemic immune inflammation indices, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Conclusion: CD44, LYN, and ITGA5 are involved in the immune infiltration pathogenesis of UC and may be potential therapeutic targets for UC.Keywords: Ulcerative colitis, Immune infiltration, WGCNA, CIBERSORT, LASSO

Published
2024

15. An Explainable Machine Learning Model to Predict Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Gao Y, Wang C, Dong W, Li B, Wang J, Li J, Tian Y, Liu J, and Wang Y

Subjects
machine learning, acute kidney injury, cardiac surgery, shapley additive explanations, shap, prediction model, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Yuchen Gao,1,&ast; Chunrong Wang,2,&ast; Wenhao Dong,3 Bianfang Li,3 Jianhui Wang,1 Jun Li,1 Yu Tian,1 Jia Liu,1 Yuefu Wang3 1Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit & Anesthesiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuefu Wang, Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit & Anesthesiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 10 Tieyi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email wangyuefu3806@bjsjth.cnBackground: To derive and validate a machine learning (ML) prediction model of acute kidney injury (AKI) that could be used for AKI surveillance and management to improve clinical outcomes.Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Fuwai Hospital, including patients aged 18 years and above undergoing cardiac surgery admitted between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018. Seventy percent of the observations were randomly selected for training and the remaining 30% for testing. The demographics, comorbidities, laboratory examination parameters, and operation details were used to construct a prediction model for AKI by logistic regression and eXtreme gradient boosting (Xgboost). The discrimination of each model was assessed on the test cohort by the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) curve, while calibration was performed by the calibration plot.Results: A total of 15,880 patients were enrolled in this study, and 4845 (30.5%) had developed AKI. Xgboost model had the higher discriminative ability compared with logistic regression (AUROC, 0.849 [95% CI, 0.837– 0.861] vs 0.803[95% CI 0.790– 0.817], P< 0.001) in the test dataset. The estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) and creatine on intensive care unit (ICU) arrival are the two most important prediction parameters. A SHAP summary plot was used to illustrate the effects of the top 15 features attributed to the Xgboost model.Conclusion: ML models can provide clinical decision support to determine which patients should focus on perioperative preventive treatment to preemptively reduce acute kidney injury by predicting which patients are not at risk.Keywords: machine learning, acute kidney injury, cardiac surgery, shapley additive explanations, SHAP, prediction model

Published
2023

16. Particulated autologous cartilage transplantation for the treatment of osteochondral lesion of the talus: can the lesion cartilage be recycled?

Author

Dong W. Shim, Hyunjoo Hong, Jin W. Lee, and Bom S. Kim

Subjects
osteochondral lesion of talus, particulated autologous cartilage transplantation, regeneration, short-term outcome, cartilage transplantation, cartilages, lesioned, osteochondral lesions of the talus, clinical outcomes, mri scans, cartilage repair, visual analogue scale (vas), foot ankle outcome score (faos), second-look arthroscopy, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811
Abstract

Aims: Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are a common cause of disability and chronic ankle pain. Many operative treatment strategies have been introduced; however, they have their own disadvantages. Recently lesion repair using autologous cartilage chip has emerged therefore we investigated the efficacy of particulated autologous cartilage transplantation (PACT) in OLT. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 32 consecutive symptomatic patients with OLT who underwent PACT with minimum one-year follow-up. Standard preoperative radiography and MRI were performed for all patients. Follow-up second-look arthroscopy or MRI was performed with patient consent approximately one-year postoperatively. Magnetic resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score and International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grades were used to evaluate the quality of the regenerated cartilage. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the pain visual analogue scale (VAS), Foot Function Index (FFI), and Foot Ankle Outcome Scale (FAOS). Results: All patients had ICRS grade IV cartilage lesions, except for one (ICRS grade III). The paired MOCART scores significantly improved from 42.5 (SD 1.53) to 63.5 (SD 22.60) (p = 0.025) in ten patients. Seven patients agreed to undergo second-look arthroscopy; 5 patients had grade I (normal) ICRS scores and two patients had grade II (nearly normal) ICRS scores. VAS, FFI, and all subscales of FAOS were significantly improved postoperatively (p ≤ 0.003). Conclusion: PACT significantly improved the clinical, radiological, and morphological outcomes of OLT. We consider this to be a safe and effective surgical method based on the short-term clinical results of this study. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(12):942–947.

Published
2023
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17. A Bibliometric Analysis of Comorbidity of COPD and Lung Cancer: Research Status and Future Directions

Author

Fang H, Dong T, Li S, Zhang Y, Han Z, Liu M, Dong W, Hong Z, Fu M, and Zhang H

Subjects
copd, lung cancer, bibliometric analysis, vosviewer, citespace, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Hanyu Fang,1,2 Tairan Dong,1 Shanlin Li,1 Yihan Zhang,1 Zhuojun Han,1 Mingfei Liu,1,2 Wenjun Dong,1,2 Zheng Hong,1,2 Min Fu,3 Hongchun Zhang1,2 1Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, 100029; 2Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hongchun Zhang, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13701226664, Email 13701226664@139.com Min Fu, Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13366093706, Email bdfumin@126.comObjective: Although studies on the association between COPD and lung cancer are of great significance, no bibliometric analysis has been conducted in the field of their comorbidity. This bibliometric analysis explores the current situation and frontier trends in the field of COPD and lung cancer comorbidity, and to lay a new direction for subsequent research.Methods: Articles in the field of COPD and cancer comorbidity were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collections (WoSCC) from 2004 to 2023, and analyzed by VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Biblimatrix and WPS Office.Results: In total, 3330 publications were included. The USA was the leading country with the most publications and great influence. The University of Groningen was the most productive institution. Edwin Kepner Silverman was the most influential scholar in this field. PLOS One was found to be the most prolific journal. Mechanisms and risk factors were of vital importance in this research field. Environmental pollution and pulmonary fibrosis may be future research prospects.Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis provided new guidance for the development of the field of COPD and lung cancer comorbidity by visualizing current research hotspots, and predicting possible hot research directions in the future.Keywords: COPD, lung cancer, bibliometric analysis, VOSviewer, CiteSpace

Published
2023

19. COeCO: A new [formula omitted]-delayed conversion-electron spectroscopy setup for low-energy ISOL beams at the ALTO facility in Orsay

Author

Tocabens, G., Delafosse, C., Verney, D., Cantacuzène, E., Cheikh Mhamed, M., Deloncle, I., Didierjean, F., Dong, W., Gaulard, C., Genolini, B., Guillot, J., Hammache, F., Harrouz, S., Ibrahim, F., Jacob, H., Kaci, M., de Lara, A., de Séréville, N., Le Blanc, F., Lebois, M., Lozeva, R., Matea, I., Roussière, B., Segovia-Miranda, A., and Thoër, R.

Published
2024
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21. Multifunctional Cement-Based Sensors for Intelligent Infrastructure: Design, Fabrication and Application

Author

Li, W, Dong, W, Shah, SP, Li, W, Dong, W, and Shah, SP

Abstract

Operating largely within the world of European-American classical music, this book discusses the creative work of old musicians-composers, performers, listeners, and scholars-and how those forms of music- making are received and understood. Like everything else about old age, music-making is usually understood as a decline from a former height, a deficiency with respect to a youthful standard. Against this ageist mythology, this book argues that composing oldly, performing oldly, and listening oldly are distinctive and valuable ways of making music-a difference, not a deficit; to be celebrated, not ignored or condemned. Instead of the usual biomedical or gerontological understanding of old age, with its focus on bodily, cognitive, and sensory decline, this book follows Age Studies in seeing old age through a cultural lens, as something created and understood in culture. This book seeks to identify the ways that old musicians (composers, performers, listeners, and scholars) accept, resist, adapt, and transform the cultural scripts for the performance of old age. Musicking oldly (making music in old age) often represents an attempt to rewrite ageist cultural scripts and to find ways of flourishing musically in a largely hostile landscape.

Published
2025

26. Convergence Analysis for Computation of Coupled Advection-Diffusion-Reaction Problems

Author

Dong, W. B., Tang, H. S., and Liu, Y. J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

A study is presented on the convergence of the computation of coupled advection-diffusion-reaction equations. In the computation, the equations with different coefficients and even types are assigned in two subdomains, and Schwarz iteration is made between the equations when marching from a time level to the next one. The analysis starts with the linear systems resulting from the full discretization of the equations by explicit schemes. Conditions for convergence are derived, and its speedup and the effects of difference in the equations are discussed. Then, it proceeds to an implicit scheme, and a recursive expression for convergence speed is derived. An optimal interface condition for the Schwarz iteration is obtained, and it leads to "perfect convergence", that is, convergence within two times of iteration. Furthermore, the methods and analyses are extended to the coupling of the viscous Burgers equations. Numerical experiments indicate that the conclusions, such as the "perfect convergence, " drawn in the linear situations may remain in the Burgers equations' computation., Comment: Revision mainly on description/discussion, results unchanged

Published
2020

27. An exploratory study on machine learning to couple numerical solutions of partial differential equations

Author

Tang, H. S., Li, L., Grossberg, M., Liu, Y. J., Jia, Y. M., Li, S. S., and Dong, W. B.

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

As further progress in the accurate and efficient computation of coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) becomes increasingly difficult, it has become highly desired to develop new methods for such computation. In deviation from conventional approaches, this short communication paper explores a computational paradigm that couples numerical solutions of PDEs via machine-learning (ML) based methods, together with a preliminary study on the paradigm. Particularly, it solves PDEs in subdomains as in a conventional approach but develops and trains artificial neural networks (ANN) to couple the PDEs' solutions at their interfaces, leading to solutions to the PDEs in the whole domains. The concepts and algorithms for the ML coupling are discussed using coupled Poisson equations and coupled advection-diffusion equations. Preliminary numerical examples illustrate the feasibility and performance of the ML coupling. Although preliminary, the results of this exploratory study indicate that the ML paradigm is promising and deserves further research.

Published
2020
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31. Investigation on Superhydrophobicity and Piezoresistivity of Self-sensing Cement-Based Sensors Using Silane Surface Treatment

Author

Dong, W. K., Li, W. G., Lin, X. Q., Shah, S. P., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Duan, Wenhui, editor, Zhang, Lihai, editor, and Shah, Surendra P., editor

Published
2023
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32. An Intelligent Multi-objective Design Optimization Method for Nanographite-Based Electrically Conductive Cementitious Composites

Author

Dong, W., Huang, Y., Lehane, B., Ma, G., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Duan, Wenhui, editor, Zhang, Lihai, editor, and Shah, Surendra P., editor

Published
2023
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33. The Influence of Heating Rate on Phase Transformation of ZnFe Coating in Hot Stamping

Author

Wang, K., Fang, D. Y., Zhu, B., Wang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. S., Wang, Z. Z., Dong, W. Z., Lin, Q. Q., Xiao, Shengxiong, Editor-in-Chief, Bassir, David, Series Editor, Gao, Bingbing, Series Editor, Jiang, Yongchao, Series Editor, Li, Jia, Series Editor, Mazumdar, Sayantan, Series Editor, Sun, Qijun, Series Editor, Tang, Juntao, Series Editor, Xiong, Chuanyin, Series Editor, Xu, Hexiu, Series Editor, Yang, Jun, Series Editor, Zhang, Yisheng, editor, and Ma, Mingtu, editor

Published
2023
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34. Regional variations in retinopathy of prematurity incidence for preterm infants

Author

Lee, S.K., Chen, C., Du, L., Zhou, W., Cao, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, H., Tian, X., Shi, J., Li, Z., Yang, C., Liu, L., Yang, Z., Fu, J., Ji, Y., Chen, D., Chen, R., Peng, X., Shan, R., Han, S., Wu, H., Wang, L., Wei, Q., Li, M., Dai, Y., Jiang, H., Kang, W., Gong, X., Zhong, X., Shi, Y., Jiang, S., Sun, B., Li, L., Lin, Z., Liu, J., Pan, J., Xia, H., Li, X., Xu, F., Qiu, Y., Ma, L., Yang, L., He, X., Li, Y., Zhuang, D., Zhang, Q., Dong, W., Sun, J., Liang, K., Wang, H., Feng, J., Chen, L., Lin, X., Jiang, C., Niebl, C., Zeng, L., Hei, M., Zhu, H., Mi, H., Yin, Z., Song, H., Li, D., Gao, Y., Wang, Y., Dai, L., Zhang, L., Ding, G., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Tang, Z., Ma, X., Zhang, X., Wu, F., Chen, Y., Wu, Y., Ting, J., Du, J., Wu, D., Liu, Y., and Zhu, X.

Published
2024
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35. The Colorado East River Community Observatory Data Collection

Author

Kakalia, Z, Varadharajan, C, Alper, E, Brodie, EL, Burrus, M, Carroll, RWH, Christianson, DS, Dong, W, Hendrix, VC, Henderson, M, Hubbard, SS, Johnson, D, Versteeg, R, Williams, KH, and Agarwal, DA

Subjects
diverse watershed data, East River, hydrobiogeochemical processes, mountainous watershed observatory, watershed function science focus area, watershed function SFA data, Environmental Engineering, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Civil Engineering
Abstract

The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Colorado East River Community Observatory (ER) in the Upper Colorado River Basin was established in 2015 as a representative mountainous, snow-dominated watershed to study hydrobiogeochemical responses to hydrological perturbations in headwater systems. The ER is characterized by steep elevation, geologic, hydrologic and vegetation gradients along floodplain, montane, subalpine, and alpine life zones, which makes it an ideal location for researchers to understand how different mountain subsystems contribute to overall watershed behaviour. The ER has both long-term and spatially-extensive observations and experimental campaigns carried out by the Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (SFA), led by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and researchers from over 30 organizations who conduct cross-disciplinary process-based investigations and modelling of watershed behaviour. The heterogeneous data generated at the ER include hydrological, genomic, biogeochemical, climate, vegetation, geological, and remote sensing data, which combined with model inputs and outputs comprise a collection of datasets and value-added products within a mountainous watershed that span multiple spatiotemporal scales, compartments, and life zones. Within 5 years of collection, these datasets have revealed insights into numerous aspects of watershed function such as factors influencing snow accumulation and melt timing, water balance partitioning, and impacts of floodplain biogeochemistry and hillslope ecohydrology on riverine geochemical exports. Data generated by the SFA are managed and curated through its Data Management Framework. The SFA has an open data policy, and over 70 ER datasets are publicly available through relevant data repositories. A public interactive map of data collection sites run by the SFA is available to inform the broader community about SFA field activities. Here, we describe the ER and the SFA measurement network, present the public data collection generated by the SFA and partner institutions, and highlight the value of collecting multidisciplinary multiscale measurements in representative catchment observatories.

Published
2021

36. Evaluation of Time-Limited Trials Among Critically Ill Patients With Advanced Medical Illnesses and Reduction of Nonbeneficial ICU Treatments

Author

Chang, Dong W, Neville, Thanh H, Parrish, Jennifer, Ewing, Lian, Rico, Christy, Jara, Liliacna, Sim, Danielle, Tseng, Chi-hong, van Zyl, Carin, Storms, Aaron D, Kamangar, Nader, Liebler, Janice M, Lee, May M, and Yee, Hal F

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Patient Safety, Clinical Research, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Critical Care, Critical Illness, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Overtreatment, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Quality Improvement, Respiration, Artificial, Time Factors, Opthalmology and Optometry, Public Health and Health Services, Clinical sciences, Health services and systems
Abstract

ImportanceFor critically ill patients with advanced medical illnesses and poor prognoses, overuse of invasive intensive care unit (ICU) treatments may prolong suffering without benefit.ObjectiveTo examine whether use of time-limited trials (TLTs) as the default care-planning approach for critically ill patients with advanced medical illnesses was associated with decreased duration and intensity of nonbeneficial ICU care.Design, setting, and participantsThis prospective quality improvement study was conducted from June 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, at the medical ICUs of 3 academic public hospitals in California. Patients at risk for nonbeneficial ICU treatments due to advanced medical illnesses were identified using categories from the Society of Critical Care Medicine guidelines for admission and triage.InterventionsClinicians were trained to use TLTs as the default communication and care-planning approach in meetings with family and surrogate decision makers.Main outcomes and measuresQuality of family meetings (process measure) and ICU length of stay (clinical outcome measure).ResultsA total of 209 patients were included (mean [SD] age, 63.6 [16.3] years; 127 men [60.8%]; 101 Hispanic patients [48.3%]), with 113 patients (54.1%) in the preintervention period and 96 patients (45.9%) in the postintervention period. Formal family meetings increased from 68 of 113 (60.2%) to 92 of 96 (95.8%) patients between the preintervention and postintervention periods (P

Published
2021

38. Bedrock weathering contributes to subsurface reactive nitrogen and nitrous oxide emissions

Author

Wan, J, Tokunaga, TK, Brown, W, Newman, AW, Dong, W, Bill, M, Beutler, CA, Henderson, AN, Harvey-Costello, N, Conrad, ME, Bouskill, NJ, Hubbard, SS, and Williams, KH

Subjects
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Atmospheric nitrous oxide contributes directly to global warming, yet models of the nitrogen cycle do not account for bedrock, the largest pool of terrestrial nitrogen, as a source of nitrous oxide. Although it is known that release rates of nitrogen from bedrock are large, there is an incomplete understanding of the connection between bedrock-hosted nitrogen and atmospheric nitrous oxide. Here, we quantify nitrogen fluxes and mass balances at a hillslope underlain by marine shale. We found that, at this site, bedrock weathering contributes 78% of the subsurface reactive nitrogen, while atmospheric sources (commonly regarded as the sole sources of reactive nitrogen in pristine environments) account for only the remaining 22%. About 56% of the total subsurface reactive nitrogen denitrifies, including 14% emitted as nitrous oxide. The remaining reactive nitrogen discharges in porewaters to a floodplain where additional denitrification probably occurs. We also found that the release of bedrock nitrogen occurs primarily within the zone of the seasonally fluctuating water table and suggest that the accumulation of nitrate in the vadose zone, often attributed to fertilization and soil leaching, may also include contributions from weathered nitrogen-rich bedrock. Our hillslope study suggests that, under oxygenated and moisture-rich conditions, weathering of deep, nitrogen-rich bedrock makes an important contribution to the nitrogen cycle.

Published
2021

43. Imaging Biomarkers to Predict Outcomes in Patients With Large B-Cell Lymphoma With a Day 28 Partial Response by 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging Following CAR-T Therapy

Author

Lutfi, Forat, Goloubeva, Olga, Kowatli, Amer, Gryaznov, Anton, Kim, Dong W, Dureja, Rohan, Margiotta, Philip, Matsumoto, Lisa R, Bukhari, Ali, Ahmed, Nausheen, Mushtaq, Muhammad Umair, Law, Jennie Y., Lee, Seung T., Kocoglu, Mehmet H., Atanackovic, Djordje, Yared, Jean A., Hardy, Nancy M., McGuirk, Joseph P., Rapoport, Aaron P., Chen, Wengen, and Dahiya, Saurabh

Published
2023
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49. The mini-GWAC optical follow-up of the gravitational wave alerts: results from the O2 campaign and prospects for the upcoming O3 run

Author

Turpin, D., Wu, C., Han, X. H., Xin, L. P., Antier, S., Leroy, N., Cao, L., Cai, H. B., Cordier, B., Deng, J. S., Dong, W. L., Feng, Q. C., Huang, L., Jia, L., Klotz, A., Lachaud, C., Li, H. L., Liang, E. W., Liu, S. F., Lu, X. M., Meng, X. M., Qiu, Y. L., Wang, H. J., Wang, J., Wang, S., Wang, X. G., Wei, J. Y., Wu, B. B., Xiao, Y. J., Xu, D. W., Xu, Y., Yang, Y. G., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R. S., Zhang, S. N., Zheng, Y. T., and Zou, S. C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The second observational campaign of gravitational waves organized by the LIGO/Virgo Collaborations has led to several breakthroughs such as the detection of gravitational wave signals from merger systems involving black holes or neutrons stars. During O2,14 gravitational wave alerts were sent to the astronomical community with sky regions covering mostly over hundreds of square degrees. Among them, 6 have been finally confirmed as real astrophysical events. Since 2013, a new set of ground-based robotic telescopes called GWAC and its pathfinder mini-GWAC have been developed to contribute to the various challenges of themulti-messenger and time domain astronomy. The GWAC system is built up in the framework of the ground-segment system of the SVOM mission that will be devoted to the study of the multi-wavelength transient sky in the next decade. During O2, only the mini-GWAC telescopenetwork was fully operational. Due to the wide field of view and fast automatic follow-up capabilities of the mini-GWAC telescopes, they were well adapted to efficiently cover the sky localization areas of the gravitational wave event candidates. In this paper, we present the mini-GWAC pipeline we have set up to respond to the GW alerts and we report our optical follow-up observations of 8 GW alerts detected during the O2 run. Our observations provided the largest coverage of the GW localization areas in a short latency made by any optical facility. We found tens of optical transient candidates in our images, but none of those could be securely associated with any confirmed black hole-black hole merger event. Based on this first experience and the near future technical improvements of our network system, we will be more competitive to detect the optical counterparts from some gravitational wave events that will be detected during the upcoming O3 run, especially those emerging from binary neutron star mergers., Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, 11 tables

Published
2019
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50. Effect of Low-Frequency Therapeutic Ultrasound on Induction of Nitric Oxide in CKD: Potential to Prevent Acute Kidney Injury

Author

Dae, Michael W, Liu, Kathleen D, Solomon, Richard J, Gao, Dong W, and Stillson, Carol A

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Kidney Disease, Prevention, Renal and urogenital, Contrast-induced acute kidney injury, Low-frequency ultrasound, Nitric oxide
Abstract

IntroductionPost-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) develops in a significant proportion of patients with CKD after invasive cardiology procedures and is strongly associated with adverse outcomes.ObjectiveWe sought to determine whether increased intrarenal nitric oxide (NO) would prevent PC-AKI.MethodsTo create a large animal model of CKD, we infused 250 micron particles into the renal arteries in 56 ± 8 kg pigs. We used a low-frequency therapeutic ultrasound device (LOTUS - 29 kHz, 0.4 W/cm2) to induce NO release. NO and laser Doppler probes were used to assess changes in NO content and blood flow. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured by technetium-diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid (Tc-99m-DTPA) radionuclide imaging. PC-AKI was induced by intravenous infusion of 7 cm3/kg diatrizoate. In patients with CKD, we measured GFR at baseline and during LOTUS using Tc-99m-DTPA radionuclide imaging.ResultsIn the pig model, CKD developed over 4 weeks (serum creatinine [Cr], mg/dL, 1.0 ± 0.2-2.6 ± 0.9, p < 0.01, n = 12). NO and renal blood flow (RBF) increased in cortex and medulla during LOTUS. GFR increased 75 ± 24% (p = 0.016, n = 3). PC-AKI developed following diatrizoate i.v. infusion (Cr 2.6 ± 0.7 baseline to 3.4 ± 0.6 at 24 h, p < 0.01, n = 3). LOTUS (starting 15 min prior to contrast and lasting for 90 min) prevented PC-AKI in the same animals 1 week later (Cr 2.5 ± 0.4 baseline to 2.6 ± 0.7 at 24 h, p = ns, n = 3). In patients with CKD (n = 10), there was an overall 25% increase in GFR in response to LOTUS (p < 0.01).ConclusionsLOTUS increased intrarenal NO, RBF, and GFR and prevented PC-AKI in a large animal model of CKD, and significantly increased GFR in patients with CKD. This novel approach may provide a noninvasive nonpharmacological means to prevent PC-AKI in high-risk patients.

Published
2020

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