Search

Mobile phone dependence has become a worldwide problem due to its high occurrence rate, fast growth rate, and serious undesirable consequences. Previous studies have found that attachment anxiety is a key antecedent of mobile phone dependence. However, little is known about the underlying psychological mechanisms. The present study tested the mediating role of loneliness and the moderating role of rumination in the link between attachment anxiety and mobile phone dependence. A sample of 908 Chinese university students aged 17 to 27 years old was recruited from four universities in Central China. They completed the Chinese version of Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory, Mobile Phone Addiction Index, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Ruminative Response Scale. After controlling for gender and age, loneliness mediated the association between attachment anxiety and mobile phone dependence. Both the direct association between attachment anxiety and mobile phone dependence and the indirect association through loneliness were moderated by rumination. These two associations were stronger for individuals with high rumination than for those with low rumination. Limitations and implications are discussed.

This study investigated how personality traits mediated the relationship between the parental Internet mediation and Internet usage (time and engagement) of Chinese children. A sample of 975 children from two Chinese primary schools, average age was 10.26 years old, was asked to report their Internet use time (daily and weekend), Internet engagement (information, entertainment and social interaction), parental Internet mediation, and their personality traits (extraversion and neuroticism personality). Results indicated: 1) the restrictive mediation was negatively linked to children’s Internet use time, and the other two mediation dimensions (active and co-use) were positively linked to children’s Internet engagement. 2) The extraversion personality mediated the association between the three mediation dimensions and children’s internet engagement, and the neuroticism personality only mediated the relationship between active mediation and use time. The present study highlights the importance of children’s personality as a link between parental role and children’s Internet-related behavior.

Since China’s access to the Internet, the Chinese governments are always playing a leading role in the governance of cyberspace by using a regulative way, which formed the traditional cyberspace governance model. However, such model has many disadvantages and leads to many problems in the governmental practice. In order to solve these problems, the governance model should renewed from the perspective of Xi Jinping’s thought on cyberspace governance, that is, the “one main power and three auxiliary participators” cyberspace synergetic governance model.

This study aimed to investigate the construct of the Internet fiction reading motivation scale for Adolescents, and examine its reliability and validity in Chinese adolescence. 747 adolescence finished the prior scale to complete exploratory analysis and 1648 adolescents completed the final scale and the criterion scale for confirmatory analysis. Exploratory analysis and confirmatory analysis supported the three-dimension model of the scale, the internal consistency coefficients of the total scale and three dimensions were 0.91, 0.81, 0.82 and 0.83 respectively. There were significant positive correlations between the total score, three dimensions and Internet fiction frequency and type. In conclusion, The Internet fiction reading motivation scale is a reliable and valid scale for assessing fiction reading motivation in Chinese adolescence.

Based on a sample of 955 elementary school children in central China, the present study examined family socio-economic status and parent-child relationships in relation to children’s social creativity, as well as the mediating role of personality traits in these associations. Family environment (socio-economic status and parent-child relationships) and personality traits were significantly correlated with social creativity; children openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness and extraversion partly mediated the relationship between family environment and social creativity when controlling for age and sex. These results are important for explaining the roles of the family environment and individual factors in shaping children’s social creativity.

In this study, 136 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the Chinese traditional medicinal plant Coptis chinensis Franch. Of these, 129 strains were classified into 12 different genera acc...

Research has demonstrated the important roles of dispositional optimism played in individuals' life quality. But little is known about age differences in dispositional optimism especially in late childhood and adolescence. This study examined age differences in dispositional optimism in Chinese children and adolescents ( N = 2738; M age = 12.75 years; SD = 2.53; age range 9–19). Results revealed that the bi-dimensional structure of dispositional optimism (i.e., optimism and pessimism) was similar in each grade. Optimism had a negative linear pattern with age. Pessimism decreased from strongly to weakly, showing a curvilinear pattern with age. Overall optimism (representing the presence of optimism and the lack of pessimism) had a positive linear relationship with age. Moreover, only the development of pessimism was moderated by gender and family socioeconomic status. These findings suggest that dispositional optimism varies by age, and that optimism and pessimism are partially independent.

Research has demonstrated that family socioeconomic status is an important determinant of people's life satisfaction, in that individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds are typically less satisfied with their life than the rich. But little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relation. The present study examined the mediation effect of adolescents' self-esteem in the association between socioeconomic status and life satisfaction, and whether this mediating process was moderated by optimism. A sample of 668 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 14.53 years, SD = 1.81) completed anonymous questionnaires regarding SES, life satisfaction, self-esteem and optimism. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the association between SES and life satisfaction was mediated by self-esteem. Moreover, the mediating effect of self-esteem was moderated by optimism, with the mediating effect being stronger for individuals with low optimism than for those with high optimism. These findings can be beneficial to our understanding of how and when SES impacts adolescents' well-being. Moreover, the present study highlighted the importance of using the organism-environment interaction to explore potential protective factors for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. A person cannot choose where he comes from (e.g., low socioeconomic status), but can choose whom he wants to be (e.g., optimist).

The mitigation of earthquake disasters in Shandong province are briefly introduced composition and function of the intellectual property system, as well as the project background, the demand of construction of the system. Intellectual property system is introduced based on the basic principle of Gpon technology and the construction of the advanced mode. Combination of industry information construction and the development of future business planning, architecture design, from the network technology is introduced, system building, etc., for the construction of the intellectual property system was analyzed, and the passive optical network based intelligent property development direction for the construction of the proposed his own view.

MADS-box proteins, a well-conserved family of transcription factors in eukaryotic organisms, specifically regulate a wide range of cellular functions, including primary metabolism, cell cycle, and cell identity. However, little is known about roles of the MADS-box protein family in the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In this research, the S. sclerotiorum MADS-box gene SsMADS was cloned; it encodes a protein that is highly similar to Mcm1 orthologs from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other fungi, and includes a highly conserved DNA-binding domain. MADS is a member of the MADS box protein SRF (serum response factor) lineage. SsMADS function was investigated using RNA interference. Silenced strains were obtained using genetic transformation of the RNA interference vectors pS1-SsMADS and pSD-SsMADS. SsMADS expression levels in silenced strains were analyzed using RT-PCR. The results showed that SsMADS mRNA expression in these silenced strains was reduced to different degrees, and growth rate in these silenced strains was significantly decreased. Infecting tomato leaflets with silenced strains indicated that SsMADS was required for leaf pathogenesis in a susceptible host. Our results suggest that the MADS-box transcription factor SsMADS is involved in S. sclerotiorum growth and virulence.

The effects of high-pressure (HP) treatments (200, 300, 400 and 500MPa for 10 min, 2P to 5P) applied on day 1 to accelerate the ripening of hard cheeses. The proteolysis, lipolysis, texture and sensory properties were studied in 90 days at 10°C. HP treatments increased proteolysis and sensory properties at all stages of ripening in all treated cheeses, furthermore, higher hydrolysis and sensory properties were found in 3P cheeses. However, HP treatments had no positive effects on cheeses lipolysis development, especially, in 5P cheeses.

Chinese rolls are prepared from hot water dough and wrapped with meat and vegetable when consumption. Staling of Chinese rolls results in loss in texture and eating quality. Moisture content, enthalpy change (H), texture and sensory quality of Chinese rolls which are significantly affected during staling at 4°C storage, were monitored over a storage period of four days. Moisture content was founded to decrease steadily during staling of Chinese rolls. Enthalpy change, H, as measured by DSC increased with storage time. The texture of Chinese rolls became progressively harder with storage at 4°C. A decrease in sensory quality and acceptability of the Chinese rolls was observed with storage. Most of the staling parameters show good correlation. Texture showed the best overall correlation with all other staling parameters.

Alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus), well-known for their musk production, are endemic to western China. Due to historical unrestricted illegal hunting and habitat loss, captive farming has been employed as a means of conserving this endangered species and developing sustainable musk harvesting techniques. For captive animals, an understanding of behavioral characteristics is vital to improve management practices. This study addressed a lack of information regarding the behavioral characteristics of alpine musk deer; specifically daily activity patterns in respect to gender and reproductive season. From August 2002 to January 2003, focal sampling was employed to observe 32 adult captive alpine musk deer (13 females and 19 males), at Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm (XMDF), located at Xinglongshan National Nature Reserve, Gansu Province, China. Results indicated that the general behavioral patterns were similar between female and male captive alpine musk deer throughout both reproductive and non-reproductive seasons (rut and pre-rut season). Both male and female alpine musk deer demonstrated tail-pasting behavior during rut season, a previously male-only behavior trait. Female musk deer also rested comparatively more than males during pre-rut season.

The vaginal microbiome is an emerging concern in prenatal health. Because the sampling process of vaginal microbiota may pose potential risks for pregnant women, the choice of sampling site should be carefully considered. However, whether the microbial diversity is different across various sampling sites has been controversial. In the present study, three repeated swabs were collected at the cervix (C), posterior fornix (P), and vaginal canal (V) from 34 Chinese women during different pregnancy stages, and vaginal species were determined using the Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA tag sequences. The identified microbiomes were classified into four community state types (CSTs): CST I (dominated by L. crispatus), CST II (dominated by L. gasseri), CST III (dominated by L. iners), and CST IV-A (characterized by a low abundance of Lactobacillus, but with proportions of various species previously shown to be associated with bacterial vaginosis). All individuals had consistent CST at the three sampling sites regardless of pregnancy stage and CST group. In addition, there was little heterogeneity across community structures within each individual, as determined by LEfSe, indicating high vaginal microbiome homogeneity at the three sampling sites. The present study also revealed different beta diversity during pregnancy stages. The vaginal microbiome variation among women during trimester T1 (9 ± 2.6 weeks) is larger than that of non-pregnant women and women from other trimesters, as demonstrated by the UniFrac distance (P < 0.05). In particular, the present study is the first one that demonstrates the notably difference of vaginal microbiome of postpartum women compare to women in gestation. These results will be useful for future studies of the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy.