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Variations of the vasculature at splenic flexure by left colic artery (LCA) and middle colic artery (MCA) remain ambiguous.This study aim to investigate the anatomical variations of the branches from LCA and MCA at splenic flexure area.Using ultra-thin CT images (0.5-mm thickness), we traced LCA and MCA till their merging site with paracolic marginal arteries through maximum intensity projection (MIP) reconstruction and computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA).A total of 229 cases were retrospectively enrolled. LCA ascending branch approached upwards till the distal third of the transverse colon in 37.6%, reached the splenic flexure in 37.6%, and reached the lower descending colon in 23.1%, and absent in 1.7% of the cases. Areas supplied by MCA left branch and aMCA were 33.2%, 44.5% and 22.3% in the proximal, middle and distal third of transverse colon of the cases, respectively. The accessory MCA separately originated from the superior mesenteric artery was found in 17.9% of the cases. Mutual correlation was found that, when the LCA ascending branch supplied the distal transverse colon, MCA left branch tended to feed the proximal transverse colon; when the LCA ascending branch supplied the lower part of descending colon, MCA left branch was more likely to feed the distal third of transverse colon.Vasculature at splenic flexure by LCA and MCA varied at specific pattern. This study could add more anatomical details for vessel management in surgeries for left-sided colon cancer.

Purpose This study aims to measure the moderating effect of geographical and organizational proximity by focusing on readily available Chinese regional economic data over a five-year period. Design/methodology/approach The authors used multilevel regression analysis to analyze the relationship. Findings Results show that increasing government investment in research and development (R&D) can improve innovation performance during this period, organizational proximity and geographic proximity have a positive moderate effect on the relationship between R&D investment and Innovation performance. Originality/value This study enriches the existing theories on government innovation input and output from the perspective of regional differences and provides meaningful guidance for current Chinese regional innovation policies.

In this paper, the catalytic ability of TiO2–reduced graphene oxide hybrid (TiO2–RGO) in photocatalysis and ozonation combined system was investigated. TiO2–RGO hybrid was prepared by liquid-phase deposition (LPD) method. TEM, XRD, FT-IR, UV–vis spectra were used to characterize the structure and optical property. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra demonstrate that the recombination of photogenerated charges is greatly inhibited by introduction of RGO. Bisphenol A (BPA) was used as model substances to evaluate the catalytic ability of TiO2–RGO. The effect of RGO content and stability of TiO2–RGO in photocatalytic ozonation was also studied. The results showed that photocatalytic ozonation of BPA with TiO2–RGO hybrid was a very effective method for BPA mineralization. The TOC removal efficiency reached 98.4% by TiO2–RGO/O3/UV in 45 min, which is 1.17 times as great as that of TiO2/O3/UV process. Moreover, the catalytic ability of TiO2–RGO hybrid was very stable after recycling for five consecutive runs. This improvement is attributed to the improved separation efficiency of photo-generated charges, which facilitated the electrons trapping by ozone and enhanced the yield of hydroxyl radical.

Photocatalytic ozonation of organics under simulated solar irradiation with a g-C3N4 nanosheet was investigated. g-C3N4 was prepared by calcinations of urea and characterized by TEM, BET, XRD and UV-Vis. Oxalic acid and bisphenol A were used as model substances to evaluate its catalytic ability. The results showed that g-C3N4 possess 2D nanosheet structure. The degradation ratio of oxalic acid and bisphenol A with g-C3N4/O3/Solar was 1.50 and 1.92 times as great as the sum ratio when it was individually degraded by g-C3N4/Solar and O3, separately. The results of recycling experiment indicated that g-C3N4 catalyst is very stable under experimental conditions.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 )–reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites were synthesized successfully by grinding a mixture of melamine and graphene oxide (GO) with different weight ratios, followed by calcination at 550 °C under flowing nitrogen atmosphere. Photoluminescence (PL) analysis was performed to investigate the efficiency of charge separation in g-C 3 N 4 –rGO composite. The result showed that the intensity of emission peak for g-C 3 N 4 –rGO composite is much lower than pure g-C 3 N 4 . The activity of g-C 3 N 4 –rGO composite in photocatalysis and photocatalytic ozonation process was evaluated by degradation of oxalic acid (OA) under simulated solar light irradiation. The results demonstrated that the degradation rate of OA with g-C 3 N 4 –rGO composite was significantly improved compared with pure g-C 3 N 4 in both process. This enhancement was due to the hetero-junction built between rGO and g-C 3 N 4 . Furthermore, during photocatalytic ozonation process, g-C 3 N 4 –rGO composite could trigger a synergistic effect between photocatalysis and ozonation. This study indicated that the metal-free g-C 3 N 4 –rGO nanocomposite showed high solar-light activity in photocatalytic ozonation process, which makes them promising materials for further applications in wastewater treatment.

First-year college students&rsquo, adaptation problems and related mental health have attracted researchers&rsquo, attention. The current research focuses on the depressive symptoms of first-year college students and aims to explore the relationship between the neuroticism trait and depressive symptoms, the mediating effect of addictive use of social media, and the moderating effect of psychological resilience. Three-wave longitudinal data from 1128 first-year students at a university in Fujian Province, China, were collected within three months of their enrollment. PROCESS macro for SPSS with bootstrapping was used to test the model. Results showed that the prevalence of moderate to severe severity of depressive symptoms in first-year students was 10.28% (T1) and 11.17% (T3). Addictive use of social media (T2) plays a moderated mediator role in the relationship between neuroticism (T1) and depressive symptoms (T3) of first-year students. Specifically, a low neuroticism individual does not necessarily have a less addictive use of social media. Psychological resilience (T1) moderated the above mediation. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

To demonstrate the clinical applicability of three-dimensional CT angiography by evaluating the anatomic features and variation of inferior mesenteric artery(IMA) and left colic artery(LCA) in order to provide reference to vessel ligation strategy in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.Clinical and image data of 123 patients receiving abdominal multislice CT at The Sixth Affiliated Hospital from 2014 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The images were 3D-reconstructed with computer 3D CT angiography and arterial enhancement phase images were chosen for analysis. Linear distances from IMA root to abdominal aortic bifurcation and from LCA at IMA root level to IMA root were measured. Branch types of IMA, coursing pattern of LCA, and association between LCA and inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) site were summarized.Of 123 cases, 80 were males and 43 were females, mean age was (46.8±16.6) years, body weight was (57.7±10.4) kg, and BMI was (21.3±3.6) kg/m3D-CT angiography is non-invasive, efficient and accurate in evaluating coursing features and variation of IMA and its branches, which can provide important reference to the surgeons, promising laparoscopic surgery smooth and safe.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) was employed as the active photocatalyst in the photocatalytic ozonation coupling system in the present study. g-C 3 N 4 was prepared by directly heating thiourea in air at 550 °C. XRD, FT-IR, UV–vis was used to characterize the structure and optical property. Oxalic acid and bisphenol A were selected as model substances for photocatalytic ozonation reactions to evaluate the catalytic ability of g-C 3 N 4 (g-C 3 N 4 /Vis/O 3 ). The results showed that the degradation ratio of oxalic acid with g-C 3 N 4 /Vis/O 3 was 65.2% higher than the sum of ratio when it was individually decomposed by g-C 3 N 4 /Vis and O 3 . The TOC removal of biphenol A with g-C 3 N 4 /Vis/O 3 was 2.17 times as great as the sum of the ratio when using g-C 3 N 4 /Vis and O 3 . This improvement was attributed to the enhanced synergistic effect between photocatalysis and ozonation by g-C 3 N 4 . Under visible light irradiation, the photo-generated electrons produced on g-C 3 N 4 facilitated the electrons transfer owing to the more negative conduction band potential (−1.3 V versus NHE). It meant that the photo-generated electrons could be trapped by ozone and reaction with it more easily. Subsequently, the yield of hydroxyl radicals was improved so as to enhance the organics degradation efficiency. This work indicated that metal-free g-C 3 N 4 could be an excellent catalyst for mineralization of organic compounds in waste control.

Purpose To investigate image quality and radiation dose of CT coronary angiography (CTCA) scanned using automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) and reconstructed by strong adaptive iterative dose reduction three-dimensional (AIDR3D). Methods Eighty-four consecutive CTCA patients were collected for the study. All patients were scanned using ATCM and reconstructed with strong AIDR3D, standard AIDR3D and filtered back-projection (FBP) respectively. Two radiologists who were blinded to the patients' clinical data and reconstruction methods evaluated image quality. Quantitative image quality evaluation included image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). To evaluate image quality qualitatively, coronary artery is classified into 15 segments based on the modified guidelines of the American Heart Association. Qualitative image quality was evaluated using a 4-point scale. Radiation dose was calculated based on dose-length product. Results Compared with standard AIDR3D, strong AIDR3D had lower image noise, higher SNR and CNR, their differences were all statistically significant (P

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was employed as the active photocatalyst in the photocatalytic ozonation coupling system in the present study. g-C3N4 was prepared by directly heating thiourea in air at 550°C. XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis was used to characterize the structure and optical property. Oxalic acid and bisphenol A were selected as model substances for photocatalytic ozonation reactions to evaluate the catalytic ability of g-C3N4 (g-C3N4/Vis/O3). The results showed that the degradation ratio of oxalic acid with g-C3N4/Vis/O3 was 65.2% higher than the sum of ratio when it was individually decomposed by g-C3N4/Vis and O3. The TOC removal of biphenol A with g-C3N4/Vis/O3 was 2.17 times as great as the sum of the ratio when using g-C3N4/Vis and O3. This improvement was attributed to the enhanced synergistic effect between photocatalysis and ozonation by g-C3N4. Under visible light irradiation, the photo-generated electrons produced on g-C3N4 facilitated the electrons transfer owing to the more negative conduction band potential (-1.3V versus NHE). It meant that the photo-generated electrons could be trapped by ozone and reaction with it more easily. Subsequently, the yield of hydroxyl radicals was improved so as to enhance the organics degradation efficiency. This work indicated that metal-free g-C3N4 could be an excellent catalyst for mineralization of organic compounds in waste control.

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic value of multidetector CT (MDCT) and its multiplanar reformation (MPR), volume rendering (VR) and virtual bronchoscopy (VB) postprocessing techniques for primary trachea and main bronchus tumors. Methods Detection results of 31 primary trachea and main bronchus tumors with MDCT and its MPR, VR and VB postprocessing techniques, were analyzed retrospectively with regard to tumor locations, tumor morphologies, extramural invasions of tumors, longitudinal involvements of tumors, morphologies and extents of luminal stenoses, distances between main bronchus tumors and trachea carinae, and internal features of tumors. The detection results were compared with that of surgery and pathology. Results Detection results with MDCT and its MPR, VR and VB were consistent with that of surgery and pathology, included tumor locations (tracheae, n = 19; right main bronchi, n = 6; left main bronchi, n = 6), tumor morphologies (endoluminal nodes with narrow bases, n = 2; endoluminal nodes with wide bases, n = 13; both intraluminal and extraluminal masses, n = 16), extramural invasions of tumors (brokethrough only serous membrane, n = 1; 4.0 mm—56.0 mm, n = 14; no clear border with right atelectasis, n = 1), longitudinal involvements of tumors (3.0 mm, n = 1; 5.0 mm—68.0 mm, n = 29; whole right main bronchus wall and trachea carina, n = 1), morphologies of luminal stenoses (irregular, n = 26; circular, n = 3; eccentric, n = 1; conical, n = 1) and extents (mild, n = 5; moderate, n = 7; severe, n = 19), distances between main bronchus tumors and trachea carinae (16.0 mm, n = 1; invaded trachea carina, n = 1; >20.0 mm, n = 10), and internal features of tumors (fairly homogeneous densities with rather obvious enhancements, n = 26; homogeneous density with obvious enhancement, n = 1; homogeneous density without obvious enhancement, n = 1; not enough homogeneous density with obvious enhancement, n = 1; punctate calcification with obvious enhancement, n = 1; low density without obvious enhancement, n = 1). Conclusion MDCT and its MPR, VR and VB images have respective advantages and disadvantages. Their combination could complement to each other to accurately detect locations, natures (benignancy, malignancy or low malignancy), and quantities (extramural invasions, longitudinal involvements, extents of luminal stenoses, distances between main bronchus tumors and trachea carinae) of primary trachea and main bronchus tumors with crucial information for surgical treatment, are highly useful diagnostic methods for primary trachea and main bronchus tumors.