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2. ICESat-2 mission overview and early performance

Author

Nathan Kurtz, Thomas Neumann, Douglas McLennan, and Anthony J. Martino

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Lidar, Data products, Freeboard, Sea ice, Environmental science, Altimeter, Ice sheet, Remote sensing
Abstract

The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite – 2 (ICESat-2) satellite mission launched in September 2018 from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California USA. The sole instrument is the photon-counting lidar Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS). Optimized to measure elevation change over the polar ice sheets and sea ice freeboard, ATLAS collects data globally. ICESat-2 data was released to the public in May 2019, and initial science discoveries are beginning to appear in the scientific literature. We describe the main components of the ICESat-2 mission, the standard data products, and our initial assessment of the on-orbit performance of the ATLAS instrument.

Published
2019
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3. The Sample Analysis at Mars Investigation and Instrument Suite

Author

David Martin, Michel Cabane, Tobias Owen, John H. Jones, Ryan M. Miller, Greg Flesch, Florence Tan, James J. Wray, L. Bleacher, Didier Keymeulen, Cyril Szopa, E. Raaen, Douglas W. Ming, Paul R. Mahaffy, Robert A. Chalmers, Douglas L. Hawk, Curt Baffes, Laurie A. Leshin, Pamela G. Conrad, Oren E. Sheinman, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, Robert Kline-Schoder, Paul Sorensen, D. Sheppard, Mark Cascia, Gregory Frazier, Daniel P. Glavin, Richard V. Morris, Arnaud Buch, Christopher P. McKay, Rafael Navarro-González, Charles Malespin, Patrice Coll, Rodger Farley, Christopher S. Johnson, Chris Webster, Cindy Gundersen, Bruce M. Jakosky, Daniel Carignan, Paula Everson, Heather B. Franz, Jason Feldman, Steve Woodward, Ray Garcia, Andrea Jones, Eric Lyness, Ken Arnett, Samuel Teinturier, Melissa G. Trainer, Mehdi Benna, Alexander A. Pavlov, E. Mumm, Steven W. Squyres, Marvin Noriega, James W. Kellogg, Jesse Lewis, Oliver Botta, David Coscia, H. L. K. Manning, John Maurer, Charles Edmonson, Steven Feng, Caroline Freissinet, Siamak Forouhar, Andrew Steele, Robert Arvey, Jason P. Dworkin, Douglas McLennan, Stephen Gorevan, Jennifer C. Stern, François Raulin, James Smith, Patrick R. Jordan, Sushil K. Atreya, Robert Sternberg, B. D. Prats, Therese Errigo, Bruce P. Block, T. Nolan, Michael Barciniak, D. N. Harpold, Vincent Holmes, William B. Brinckerhoff, Amy McAdam, Steve Battel, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, AMU Engineering, Inc., Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Swiss Space Office Bern (SSO), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Troy, NY], Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Battel Engineering, Inc., Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Concordia College, Moorhead, Department of Astronomy [Ithaca], Cornell University [New York], Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios [Mexico], Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Ecole Centrale Paris, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Physics Research Laboratory [Ann Arbor] (SPRL), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cornell University, Carnegie Institution for Science, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] ( AOSS ), NASA Johnson Space Center ( JSC ), Swiss Space Office Bern ( SSO ), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Troy], Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute ( RPI ), University of Hawaii at Manoa ( UHM ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ( UNAM ) -Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ( UNAM ), NASA Ames Research Center ( ARC ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Space Physics Research Laboratory [Ann Arbor] ( SPRL )

Subjects
Volatiles, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gas chromatography mass spectrometry, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Habitability, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Mars, Life on Mars, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, Laboratory, Atmosphere, Isotopes, 0103 physical sciences, Organic compounds, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Quadrupole mass analyzer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Spectrometer, [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mars Exploration Program, Curiosity Rover, Gale crater, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Noble gases, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [ PHYS.ASTR.EP ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Rocknest, Sample Analysis at Mars, Measuring instrument, Environmental science, Evolved gas analysis, [ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience; The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) investigation of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) addresses the chemical and isotopic composition of the atmosphere and volatiles extracted from solid samples. The SAM investigation is designed to contribute substantially to the mission goal of quantitatively assessing the habitability of Mars as an essential step in the search for past or present life on Mars. SAM is a 40 kg instrument suite located in the interior of MSL's Curiosity rover. The SAM instruments are a quadrupole mass spectrometer, a tunable laser spectrometer, and a 6-column gas chromatograph all coupled through solid and gas processing systems to provide complementary information on the same samples. The SAM suite is able to measure a suite of light isotopes and to analyze volatiles directly from the atmosphere or thermally released from solid samples. In addition to measurements of simple inorganic compounds and noble gases SAM will conduct a sensitive search for organic compounds with either thermal or chemical extraction from sieved samples delivered by the sample processing system on the Curiosity rover's robotic arm.

Published
2012
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4. The Sample Analysis at Mars Investigation and Instrument Suite

Author

Paul R. Mahaffy, Christopher R. Webster, Michel Cabane, Pamela G. Conrad, Patrice Coll, Sushil K. Atreya, Robert Arvey, Michael Barciniak, Mehdi Benna, Lora Bleacher, William B. Brinckerhoff, Jennifer L. Eigenbrode, Daniel Carignan, Mark Cascia, Robert A. Chalmers, Jason P. Dworkin, Therese Errigo, Paula Everson, Heather Franz, Rodger Farley, Steven Feng, Gregory Frazier, Caroline Freissinet, Daniel P. Glavin, Daniel N. Harpold, Douglas Hawk, Vincent Holmes, Christopher S. Johnson, Andrea Jones, Patrick Jordan, James Kellogg, Jesse Lewis, Eric Lyness, Charles A. Malespin, David K. Martin, John Maurer, Amy C. McAdam, Douglas McLennan, Thomas J. Nolan, Marvin Noriega, Alexander A. Pavlov, Benito Prats, Eric Raaen, Oren Sheinman, David Sheppard, James Smith, Jennifer C. Stern, Florence Tan, Melissa Trainer, Douglas W. Ming, Richard V. Morris, John Jones, Cindy Gundersen, Andrew Steele, James Wray, Oliver Botta, Laurie A. Leshin, Tobias Owen, Steve Battel, Bruce M. Jakosky, Heidi Manning, Steven Squyres, Rafael Navarro-González, Christopher P. McKay, Francois Raulin, Robert Sternberg, Arnaud Buch, Paul Sorensen, Robert Kline-Schoder, David Coscia, Cyril Szopa, Samuel Teinturier, Curt Baffes, Jason Feldman, Greg Flesch, Siamak Forouhar, Ray Garcia, Didier Keymeulen, Steve Woodward, Bruce P. Block, Ken Arnett, Ryan Miller, Charles Edmonson, Stephen Gorevan, and Erik Mumm

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Published
2012
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5. Ice, Clouds and Land Elevation (ICESat-2) Mission

Author

Douglas McLennan

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Meteorology, Global warming, Elevation, Environmental science, Climate change, Ice shelf
Abstract

In recent years, the melting ice shelf and global warming headlines continue to remain prominent in the media circuits. The public and our science community want to know why and what can be done accurately to evaluate the changes and respond accordingly to the threat. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced ICESat-2 as the next environmental mission. The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Greenbelt, Maryland, is responsible for the implementation of the ICESat-2 Mission.

Published
2010
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6. The New Millennium Program Space Technology 5 (ST5)

Author

Ronald L. Ticker and Douglas McLennan

Subjects
Class (computer programming), Engineering, Space technology, Aeronautics, Spacecraft, business.industry, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Aerospace engineering, business, Constellation
Abstract

In August 1999, NASA selected Nanosat Constellation Trailblazer (NCT) as the New Millennium Program's ST5 project. NCT will validate technologies needed for future NASA science missions, particularly enabling the constellation class missions envisioned for the Sun-Earth Connection (SEC) science theme. Three 20-kg class spacecraft will be developed and operated for a total project cost of $29M. These spacecraft will demonstrate eight component technologies and interact with each other to create an instrument greater than the sum of its parts. This paper will describe the NCT project and technologies, and assess ST5's impact on future NASA science missions.

Published
2000
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