Search

Pathogens can acquire resistance to antimicrobials used in veterinary and medical fields. Such pathogens can be found in several dietary and environmental sources. As Gram-negative infections in humans are most frequently caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli), antibiotic resistance in this organism is particularly concerning. This investigation was carried out to ascertain the antibiotic sensitivity profile of E. coli isolated from various food products randomly gathered from Egypt. To extract E. coli and examine its pattern of antibiotic susceptibility, 100 samples of raw milk, karish cheese, ground beef, and beef were bacteriologically processed. In the current study, E. coli strains were detected at a high frequency of 40% in raw milk, 28% in Karish cheese, 16% in ground beef, and 8% in beef. E. coli was isolated from 23% of milk, meat, and product samples. The 16S rRNA gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm E. coli strains. The isolates of E. coli with the greatest percentages of multidrug-resistant (MDR) were tetracycline (26%), ampicillin (21.7%), streptomycin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (17.3%), cefotaxime, kanamycin and ceftazidime (13 %). The total occurrence of MDR E. coli was 34.7%. Pathogen cycling in food is common and may endanger the consumer's health. To avoid this entirely, good hygiene practices for dairy farms and abattoirs are essential for preventing contamination of milk, meat, and product samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most common food poisoning illnesses globally is caused by Bacillus cereus, which causes emetic and diarrheal food poisoning. Forty-two (42%) out of 100 samples from raw milk, powdered milk, ice cream, and pasteurized milk were positive for B. cereus, with a high prevalence in raw milk at 64%. Three virulence genes (nheA, cytK, and hblC genes) were characterized among 42 B. cereus isolates with variable frequencies. Detection of the nheA gene showed a high level of 90.4%, followed by the cytK gene in percentage at 50%, and the hblC gene at 47.6%. All examined strains were resistant to Penicillin, Oxacillin, then Cefixime and Ampicillin (85.7%), followed by Nalidixic acid (73.8%), Sulphamethoxazol-Trimethoprim(61.9%), and Oxytetracycline and Cephalotin (52.3%) whilst sensitive to Gentamicin (75%), followed by Enrofloxacin and Erythromycin (50%). Unfortunately, all examined strains are MDR and show 23 resistance patterns, this represents a real health malice for the people of Egypt. The obtained results demonstrated the rise of pathogenic B. cereus, a virulent organism that is multidrug-resistant, in Egypt's retail milk and milk products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]