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This research has been carried out on 20 African green monkey brains (Cercopithecus aethiops) whose cerebral vascular bed has been injected with Latex. After fixation in 10% formalin solution, arteries of the brain base have been put through stereomicroscopic dissection and measurements. It was determined that on the brain base of this monkey there is an arterial circle (AC), which is formed, anteriorly, by the terminal parts of both internal carotid arteries and their branches, i.e. the right and left anterior cerebral arteries, and posteriorly, by terminal branches of basilar artery i.e. the right and left posterior cerebral arteries, as well as right and left posterior communicating arteries. The length and diameter of the arteries that constitute the AC of the Cercopithecus brain base have been measured. On the basis of the measured values, the length and the diameter of the anterior (left, right, total) and posterior segment (left, right total) of the AC have been calculated. The measurements point towards mild L/R asymmetry of the AC segments, as well as towards differences between their anterior and posterior segments. However, the pointed L/R asymmetry is not significant (p>0.05) for the values for length (FB=0.033; p=0.856), nor for the values of diameters (FB=1.344; p=0.250). The anterior and posterior segments of the AC do not differ significantly (p>0.05) according to the length (FA =102.194; p=0.962; t=-1.103; p=0.277). Diameters of the anterior segment have a highly significant difference (p

The aim of this study was to investigate which one among possible risk factors are independently related to first nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) in Belgrade population. Case-control study was conducted in Belgrade during the period 2005-2006. Case group comprised 100 subjects 35-80 years old who were hospitalized because of first nonfatal MI at the coronary care unit in Urgent Center, Belgrade. Control group consisted of 100 persons chosen among patients treated during the same period at the Institute of Rheumatology, Institute for Gastroenterology, and Clinic for Orthopedics, Belgrade, Serbia. Cases and controls were individually matched by sex, age (+/- 2 years) and place of residence (urban/rural communities of Belgrade). According to the multivariate analysis risk factors for MI occurrence were "good" socioeconomic conditions (OR = 2.76), total alcohol consumption (OR = 2.62) and consumption of brandy (OR = 6.73), stressful life events taken together (OR = 3.13) and stress because of close relative Ns death (OR = 3.35), great financial problems (OR = 31.64) and small financial problems (OR = 8.47), hypertension (OR = 2.39), MI among all relatives (OR = 3.66), MI in father (OR = 6.24), and low level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 152.41). Amateur sport activity in the past was negatively associated with MI development. The results obtained are mainly in accordance with other studies results and can be of help in development of strategy for coronary heart disease prevention in Serbia.

Limited surgical technology in treating injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the past led to the development of a huge number of functional braces. Today, with the advance of the surgical techniques and a more aggressive rehabilitation approach in the postoperative course the use of functional braces after the ACL reconstruction is seriously questioned. The aim of this study was to review the basic functions of functional braces. Mechanical, and biomechanical functions of functional braces have been described, the psychological aspect of wearing them, their impact on thigh circumference, functional performance, muscle activity and postural control and propriocepation have also been addressed. Functional braces definitely increase the knee stability under low clinical loads. However, biomechanical investigations show that functional knee braces do not restore the normal knee stability under high forces related to certain activities. Furthermore, functional braces do not significantly influence proprioceptive abilities, nor functional performance, but have a negative impact on thigh atrophy, and inhibit joint muscle stabilizing activity.Given the generally high surgical success rates, there has been no scientific evidence so far to support the routine use of a functional knee brace following a successful anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the controlled rehabilitative postoperative course.

It is well known that polyneuropathy has been an important cause of disability in patients maintained on hemodialysis as well as on peritoneal dialysis. The present study was aimed to analyze frequency and causes of polyneuropathy in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).Sixty three CAPD patients (37 men), aged between 30 and 85 who were on dialysis from 1 to 290 months, were analyzed. Biochemical parameters and dialysis adequacy (KT/V) were determined. Motor conduction velocity (MCV) of peroneal and tibial nerve, and sensitive conduction velocity (SCV) on sural nerve were measured.Biochemical parameters and dialysis adequacy were satisfactory in patients on CAPD. Polyneuropathy symptoms like paresthesias, pain, cramps and disability were found in more than 50% of patients. Over 80% of analyzed patients had pathological neurophysiological parameters: latency of F wave of n. peroneus and all analyzed parameters of n. tibialis, as the well as SCV on the sural nerve. A significant correlation was found between peroneal MCV and age, glycemia and serum creatinine; peroneal terminal latency (TL) and age; peroneal F wave and glycemia and serum urea; tibial MCV and glycemia; tibial F wave and glycemia, serum urea and KT/V.The most frequent signs of uremic polyneuropathy are reduced SCV on sural nerve and prolonged latency of F wave on peroneal and tibial nerves. Neurophysiological parameters on the lower extremities in patients on CAPD are in correlation with dialysis adequacy, glycemia and age.

In clinical practice, physical therapy is more often applied in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease than in other pulmonary diseases. One of them is pulmonary sarcoidosis. Depending on the stage, there are a few different types of pulmonary dysfunctions. With early disease progression pulmonary obstruction is expected and later interstitial fibrosis may lead to restrictive syndrome and development of bronchiectasias.Respiratory rehabilitation may improve pulmonary ventilation and the choice depends on lesion features. The objectives of respiratory rehabilitation are. to establish the optimal respiratory rate, sustain opened airways, achieve automatic diaphragm breathing and improve ventilation. For these purposes different techniques are used: aerosol therapy, breathing exercises, forced expiration, postural drainage, kinesitherapy. Using more than one of these techniques in the same patient we can prevent or delay consequences of respiratory failure and early disability. Early respiratory rehabilitation in these patients is an opportunity to reduce disability and improve quality of life.