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2. Incremental solving techniques for SAT-based ATPG

Author

Tille, D., Eggersglus, S., and Drechsler, R.

Subjects
Standard IC, Automatic testing equipment -- Design and construction, Algebra, Boolean -- Usage, Integrated circuits -- Design and construction, Semiconductor chips -- Design and construction
Published
2010

3. Psychologische Tests

Author

Drechsler, R, University of Zurich, Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph, Döpfner, Manfred, Holtmann, Martin, Philipsen, Alexandra, Rothenberger, Aribert, Drechsler, Renate, Steinhausen, H C, Rothenberger, A, Döfpner, M, and Drechsler, R

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Published
2020
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9. Self-perception of self-regulatory skills in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder aged 8-10years

Author

Rizzo, P, Steinhausen, H C, Drechsler, R, University of Zurich, and Drechsler, R

Subjects
Keywords Attention deficit, 3203 Clinical Psychology, 610 Medicine & health, regulation, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, perception, Self, behavioral disciplines and activities, Positive illusory bias, 2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hyperactivity disorder, mental disorders, ADHD, Metacognition, report
Abstract

Several studies have reported a characteristic "positive illusory bias” in the self-evaluation of children with ADHD. However, results are controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether children with ADHD aged 8 to 10years can rate their self-regulatory skills accurately when assessed with an age appropriate instrument. Twenty-seven children with ADHD and 27 matched normal control children completed the Self-rating Scale of Self-regulatory Function (SelfReg), a new rating scale that has been specifically designed for this age group. As expected, children with ADHD rated themselves significantly more dysfunctional than control children. In most domains, self-ratings of children with ADHD did not diverge from parent and teacher ratings to a greater extent than self-ratings of control children, although overall results indicated a moderate tendency toward a positive bias. When a cluster analysis based on discrepancies between children's and adults' evaluations was carried out, three groups with different self-rating patterns emerged: A "positive bias” group containing exclusively children with ADHD, a "negative bias” group containing both children with ADHD and control children, and the largest group of accurate self-raters which also included children from both diagnostic groups. It is concluded that overly positive self-judgments are not a ubiquitous finding in ADHD, but may be confined to a specific subgroup of children whose specific characteristics remain to be determined

Published
2018

13. Domänenübergreifende neuropsychologische Testbatterien, Testsammlungen und Fragebögen

Author

Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Merten, Thomas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Merten, T ( Thomas ), Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Merten, Thomas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), and Merten, T ( Thomas )

Published
2019

14. Entwicklungstests

Author

Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Merten, Thomas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Merten, T ( Thomas ), Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Merten, Thomas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), and Merten, T ( Thomas )

Published
2019

15. Intelligenztests in der neuropsychologischen Diagnostik

Author

Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Merten, Thomas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Merten, T ( Thomas ), Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Merten, Thomas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), and Merten, T ( Thomas )

Published
2019

17. Visuelle und räumliche Funktionen

Author

Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Küst, Jutta, Schale, Andreas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Küst, J ( Jutta ), Schale, A ( Andreas ), Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Küst, Jutta, Schale, Andreas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Küst, J ( Jutta ), and Schale, A ( Andreas )

Published
2018

18. Neuropsychologische Testverfahren für Kinder und Jugendliche. Einführung

Author

Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Küst, Jutta, Schale, Andreas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Küst, J ( Jutta ), Schale, A ( Andreas ), Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Küst, Jutta, Schale, Andreas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Küst, J ( Jutta ), and Schale, A ( Andreas )

Published
2018

19. Intelligenz- und Entwicklungsskalen für Kinder für 5-10 Jahren (IDS)

Author

Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörte, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Merten, Thomas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörte ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Merten, T ( Thomas ), Zulauf Logoz, Marina, Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörte, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Merten, Thomas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörte ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Merten, T ( Thomas ), and Zulauf Logoz, Marina

Published
2018

20. Exekutive Funktionen

Author

Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Küst, Jutta, Schale, Andreas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Küst, J ( Jutta ), Schale, A ( Andreas ), Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Küst, Jutta, Schale, Andreas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Küst, J ( Jutta ), and Schale, A ( Andreas )

Published
2018

21. Motorik und Sensibilität

Author

Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Küst, Jutta, Schale, Andreas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Küst, J ( Jutta ), Schale, A ( Andreas ), Schellig, Dieter, Heinemann, Dörthe, Schächtele, Beate, Sturm, Walter, Drechsler, Renate; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-6596, Günther, Thomas, Küst, Jutta, Schale, Andreas, Schellig, D ( Dieter ), Heinemann, D ( Dörthe ), Schächtele, B ( Beate ), Sturm, W ( Walter ), Drechsler, R ( Renate ), Günther, T ( Thomas ), Küst, J ( Jutta ), and Schale, A ( Andreas )

Published
2018

22. Differential EMG Biofeedback for Children with ADHD: A Control Method for Neurofeedback Training with a Case Illustration

Author

Maurizio, S., Liechti, M., Brandeis, D., Jäncke, L., Drechsler, R., Maurizio, S., Liechti, M., Brandeis, D., Jäncke, L., and Drechsler, R.

Abstract

The objective of the present paper was to develop a differential electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF) training for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) matching multiple neurofeedback training protocols in order to serve as a valid control training. This differential EMG-BF training method feeds back activity from arm muscles involved in fine motor skills such as writing and grip force control. Tonic EMG-BF training (activation and deactivation blocks, involving bimanual motor tasks) matches the training of EEG frequency bands, while phasic EMG-BF training (short activation and deactivation trials) was developed as an equivalent to the training of slow cortical potentials. A case description of a child who learned to improve motor regulation in most task conditions and showed a clinically relevant reduction of behavioral ADHD symptoms illustrates the training course and outcome. Differential EMG-BF training is feasible and provides well-matched control conditions for neurofeedback training in ADHD research. Future studies should investigate its value as a specific intervention for children diagnosed with ADHD and comorbid sensorimotor problems

Published
2018

23. Decision-making on an explicit risk-taking task in preadolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Author

Drechsler, R., Rizzo, P., Steinhausen, H.-C, Drechsler, R., Rizzo, P., and Steinhausen, H.-C

Abstract

Summary.: Inappropriate risk-taking and disadvantageous decision-making have been described as major behavioural characteristics of patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However these behaviours are difficult to measure in laboratory contexts and recent studies have yielded inconsistent results which might be related to task characteristics. The present study adopted the Game of Dice Task, a test procedure in which risks are made explicit and the load on working memory is minimal. As a result, preadolescents with ADHD (N = 23) made significantly more risky choices and suffered major losses of money compared to normal controls (N = 24) but only when they played the game a second time. Differences in risk-taking correlated significantly with hyperactivity as rated by parents and with inhibitory control, but not with working memory performance. The results are discussed in the context of current theories of ADHD

Published
2018

24. ETS 2017 Foreword

Author

Michael, Maria K., Drechsler, R., Eggersgluss, S., Stratigopoulos, H. G., Hellebrand, S., Aitken, R., and Michael, Maria K. [0000-0002-1943-6547]

Abstract

Journal Article

Published
2017

25. Familiality of neural preparation and response control in childhood attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

Author

Albrecht, B., Brandeis, D., Uebel, H., Valko, L., Heinrich, H., Drechsler, R., Heise, A., Müller, U. C., Steinhausen, H.-C, Rothenberger, A., Banaschewski, T., Albrecht, B., Brandeis, D., Uebel, H., Valko, L., Heinrich, H., Drechsler, R., Heise, A., Müller, U. C., Steinhausen, H.-C, Rothenberger, A., and Banaschewski, T.

Abstract

Background Patients with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit difficulties in multiple attentional functions. Although high heritability rates suggest a strong genetic impact, aetiological pathways from genes and environmental factors to the ADHD phenotype are not well understood. Tracking the time course of deviant task processing using event-related electrophysiological brain activity should characterize the impact of familiality on the sequence of cognitive functions from preparation to response control in ADHD. Method Preparation and response control were assessed using behavioural and electrophysiological parameters of two versions of a cued continuous performance test with varying attentional load in boys with ADHD combined type (n=97), their non-affected siblings (n=27) and control children without a family history of ADHD (n=43). Results Children with ADHD and non-affected siblings showed more variable performance and made more omission errors than controls. The preparatory Cue-P3 and contingent negative variation (CNV) following cues were reduced in both ADHD children and their non-affected siblings compared with controls. The NoGo-P3 was diminished in ADHD compared with controls whilst non-affected siblings were located intermediate but did not differ from both other groups. No clear familiality effects were found for the Go-P3. Better task performance was further associated with higher CNV and P3 amplitudes. Conclusions Impairments in performance and electrophysiological parameters reflecting preparatory processes and to some extend also for inhibitory response control, especially under high attentional load, appeared to be familially driven in ADHD and may thus constitute functionally relevant endophenotypes for the disorder

Published
2017

26. Neurofeedback-Træning for børn med ADHD

Author

Drechsler, R, University of Zurich, Steinhausen, H C, and Drechsler, R

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Published
2011

27. Neuropsychologi ved ADHD

Author

Drechsler, R, University of Zurich, Steinhausen, H C, and Drechsler, R

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Published
2011

28. Neurofeedbacktraining bei ADHS

Author

Drechsler, R, University of Zurich, Rösler, M, von Gontard, A, Retz, W, Freitag, C M, and Drechsler, R

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Published
2010

29. Neuropsychologie

Author

Drechsler, R, University of Zurich, Steinhausen, H C, Rothenberger, A, Döpfner, M, and Drechsler, R

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Published
2010
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30. Applications of Evolutionary Computation

Author

Mora, Antonio M., Squillero, Giovanni, Di Chio, C, Agapitos, Alexandros, Cagnoni, Stefano, Cotta, Carlos, Fernández De Vega, F, Di Caro, G A, Drechsler, R., Ekárt, A, Esparcia-Alcázar, Anna I., Farooq, M, Langdon, W B, Merelo-Guervós, J.J., Preuss, M, Richter, O.-M.H., Silva, Sara, Sim$\$~oes, A, Tarantino, Ernesto, Tettamanzi, Andrea G B, Togelius, J, Urquhart, Neil, Uyar, A S, Yannakakis, G N, Smith, Stephen L, Caserta, Marco, Ramirez, Adriana, Voß, Stefan, Burelli, Paolo, Jan, Mathieu, Matthias, M, Esparcia-Alcazar, Anna I, De Falco, Ivanoe, Cioppa, Antonio Della, Diwold, Konrad, Ekart, Aniko, Vega, Francisco Fernandez De, Sim, Kevin, Simoes, Anabela, Merelo, J.J., Haasdijk, Evert, Zhang, Mengjie, Eiben, A E, Glette, Kyrre, Rohlfshagen, Philipp, Schaefer, Robert, Artificial intelligence, Computational Intelligence, and Network Institute

Subjects
closed-loop control, game theory, energy management system, evolution, pattern recognition, smart building, cartesian genetic programming, agent-based model, algorithm analysis and problem complexity, data mining and knowledge discovery, artificial intelligence (incl. robotics), genetic algorithms, bioinspired methods, ary algorithm, genetic programming, mathematics of computing, battery energy storage system, computer applications, emergent, conformity
Abstract

The application of genetic and evolutionary computation to problems in medicine has increased rapidly over the past five years, but there are specific issues and challenges that distinguish it from other real-world applications. Obtaining reliable and coherent patient data, establishing the clinical need and demonstrating value in the results obtained are all aspects that require careful and detailed consideration. This tutorial is based on research which uses genetic programming (a representation of Cartesian Genetic Programming) in the diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions, as well as in the early detection of breast cancer through automated assessment of mammograms. The work is supported by multiple clinical studies in progress in the UK (Leeds General Infirmary), USA (UCSF), UAE (Dubai Rashid Hospital), Australia (Monash Medical Center) and Singapore (National Neuroscience Institute). The technology is protected through three patent applications and a University spin-out company marketing four medical devices. The tutorial considers the following topics: Introduction to medical applications of genetic and evolutionary computation and how these differ from other real-world applications Overview of past work in the from a medical and evolutionary computation point of view Three case examples of medical applications: i. diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson's disease ii. detection of beast cancer from mammograms iii. cancer screening using Raman spectroscopy Practical advice on how to get started working on medical applications, including existing medical databases and conducting new medical studies, commercialization and protecting intellectual property. Summary, further reading and links

Published
2015
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31. Slow cortical potential neurofeedback in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: is there neurophysiological evidence for specific effects?

Author

Doehnert, M, Brandeis, D, Straub, M, Steinhausen, H C, Drechsler, R, University of Zurich, and Drechsler, R

Subjects
2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2728 Neurology (clinical), 10076 Center for Integrative Human Physiology, 2808 Neurology, 570 Life sciences, biology, 610 Medicine & health, sense organs, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2803 Biological Psychiatry
Abstract

This study compared changes in quantitative EEG (QEEG) and CNV (contingent negative variation) of children suffering from ADHD treated by SCP (slow cortical potential) neurofeedback (NF) with the effects of group therapy (GT) to separate specific from non-specific neurophysiological effects of NF. Twenty-six children (age: 11.1±1.15years) diagnosed as having ADHD were assigned to NF (N=14) or GT (N=12) training groups. QEEG measures at rest, CNV and behavioral ratings were acquired before and after the trainings and statistically analyzed. For children with ADHD-combined type in the NF group, treatment effects indicated a tendency toward improvement of selected QEEG markers. We could not find the expected improvement of CNV, but CNV reduction was less pronounced in good NF performers. QEEG changes were associated with some behavioral scales. Analyses of subgroups suggested specific influences of SCP training on brain functions. To conclude, SCP neurofeedback improves only selected attentional brain functions as measurable with QEEG at rest or CNV mapping. Effects of neurofeedback including the advantage of NF over GT seem mediated by both specific and non-specific factors

Published
2008

33. ADHD - livslange perspektiver og særlige behov

Author

Steinhausen, H C, Danckaerts, M, von Plessen, K, Bilenberg, N, Thomsen, P H, Dalsgaard, S, Drechsler, R, Nøvik, T S, Hässler, F, Sobanski, E, Rösler, M, Strohbeck-Kühner, P, Wolff Metternich, T, Döpfner, M, Philipsen, A, University of Zurich, and Steinhausen, H C

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Published
2011
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35. Genetic Paint: A Search for Salient Paintings

Author

Collomosse, JP, Hall, PM, Rothlauf, F, Branke, J, Cagnoni, S, Corne, DW, Drechsler, R, Jin, Y, Machado, P, Marchiori, E, Romero, J, Smith, GD, and Squillero, G

Subjects
Painting, business.industry, Computer science, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Real image, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, Rendering (computer graphics), Salience (neuroscience), Salient, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, Level of detail, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract

The contribution of this paper is a novel non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) algorithm for rendering real images in an impasto painterly style. We argue that figurative artworks are salience maps, and develop a novel painting algorithm that uses a genetic algorithm (GA) to search the space of possible paintings for a given image, so approaching an “optimal” artwork in which salient detail is conserved and non-salient detail is attenuated. We demonstrate the results of our technique on a wide range of images, illustrating both the improved control over level of detail due to our salience adaptive painting approach, and the benefits gained by subsequent relaxation of the painting using the GA.

Published
2005
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36. Safety Evaluation of Automotive Electronics Using Virtual Prototypes

Author

Oetjens, J.-H., primary, Bannow, N., additional, Becker, M., additional, Bringmann, O., additional, Burger, A., additional, Chaari, M., additional, Chakraborty, S., additional, Drechsler, R., additional, Ecker, W., additional, Grüttner, K., additional, Kruse, Th., additional, Kuznik, C., additional, Le, H. M., additional, Mauderer, A., additional, Müller, W., additional, Müller-Gritschneder, D., additional, Poppen, F., additional, Post, H., additional, Reiter, S., additional, Rosenstiel, W., additional, Roth, S., additional, Schlichtmann, U., additional, von Schwerin, A., additional, Tabacaru, B.-A., additional, and Viehl, A., additional

Published
2014
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38. Neuropsychologi ved ADHD

Author

Steinhausen, H C, Steinhausen, H C ( H C ), Drechsler, R, Steinhausen, H C, Steinhausen, H C ( H C ), and Drechsler, R

Published
2011

40. Time-Based Prospective Memory Performance and Time-Monitoring in Children with ADHD

Author

Zinke, K., Altgassen, A.M., Mackinlay, R,J, Rizzo, P., Drechsler, R., Kliegel, M., Zinke, K., Altgassen, A.M., Mackinlay, R,J, Rizzo, P., Drechsler, R., and Kliegel, M.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, The current study investigated prospective memory (PM) performance in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and controls and aimed at exploring possible underlying factors of PM performance. Twenty-two children with ADHD and 39 age- and ability-matched typically developing children performed a computerized time-based PM task. As predicted, children with ADHD had fewer correct PM responses than controls. Neither differences in overall ongoing task performance nor, remarkably, differences in overall frequency and accuracy of time monitoring were found. Exploratory analyses suggest that individual differences in time monitoring in the final interval before target times may be related to PM performance in ADHD.

Published
2010

41. Neurofeedbacktraining bei ADHS

Author

Rösler, M, von Gontard, A, Retz, W, Freitag, C M, Rösler, M ( M ), von Gontard, A ( A ), Retz, W ( W ), Freitag, C M ( C M ), Drechsler, R, Rösler, M, von Gontard, A, Retz, W, Freitag, C M, Rösler, M ( M ), von Gontard, A ( A ), Retz, W ( W ), Freitag, C M ( C M ), and Drechsler, R

Published
2010

42. Psychologische Tests

Author

Steinhausen, H C, Rothenberger, A, Döfpner, M, Steinhausen, H C ( H C ), Rothenberger, A ( A ), Döfpner, M ( M ), Drechsler, R, Steinhausen, H C, Rothenberger, A, Döfpner, M, Steinhausen, H C ( H C ), Rothenberger, A ( A ), Döfpner, M ( M ), and Drechsler, R

Published
2010

43. Neuropsychologie

Author

Steinhausen, H C, Rothenberger, A, Döpfner, M, Steinhausen, H C ( H C ), Rothenberger, A ( A ), Döpfner, M ( M ), Drechsler, R, Steinhausen, H C, Rothenberger, A, Döpfner, M, Steinhausen, H C ( H C ), Rothenberger, A ( A ), Döpfner, M ( M ), and Drechsler, R

Published
2010

44. Self-perception of self-regulatory skills in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder aged 8–10 years

Author

Rizzo, P, Steinhausen, H C, Drechsler, R, Rizzo, P, Steinhausen, H C, and Drechsler, R

Abstract

Several studies have reported a characteristic “positive illusory bias” in the self-evaluation of children with ADHD. However, results are controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether children with ADHD aged 8 to 10 years can rate their self-regulatory skills accurately when assessed with an age appropriate instrument. Twenty-seven children with ADHD and 27 matched normal control children completed the Self-rating Scale of Self-regulatory Function (SelfReg), a new rating scale that has been specifically designed for this age group. As expected, children with ADHD rated themselves significantly more dysfunctional than control children. In most domains, self-ratings of children with ADHD did not diverge from parent and teacher ratings to a greater extent than self-ratings of control children, although overall results indicated a moderate tendency toward a positive bias. When a cluster analysis based on discrepancies between children’s and adults’ evaluations was carried out, three groups with different self-rating patterns emerged: A “positive bias” group containing exclusively children with ADHD, a “negative bias” group containing both children with ADHD and control children, and the largest group of accurate self-raters which also included children from both diagnostic groups. It is concluded that overly positive self-judgments are not a ubiquitous finding in ADHD, but may be confined to a specific subgroup of children whose specific characteristics remain to be determined.

Published
2010

45. The impact of instruction and response cost on the modulation of response-style in children with ADHD

Author

Drechsler, R, Rizzo, P, Steinhausen, H C, Drechsler, R, Rizzo, P, and Steinhausen, H C

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The present study investigated the impact of divergent instructions and response cost on strategic cognitive control in children with ADHD. METHODS: Children with ADHD (N = 34), combined subtype, and control children (N = 34) performed a series of self-paced computerized visual search tasks. The tasks varied by verbal instructions: after a baseline task, children were either instructed to work as fast as possible (speed instruction) or as accurately as possible (accuracy instruction). In addition, tasks were performed with and without response cost. RESULTS: Both groups modulated latencies and errors according to instructions in a comparable way, except for latency in the accuracy - instruction without response cost, where control children showed a larger increase of response time. Response cost did not affect the modulation of response style in children with ADHD to a larger extent than in controls. However, with instructions group differences related to target criteria became clearly more accentuated compared to baseline but disappeared when response cost was added. CONCLUSIONS: Delay aversion theory and motivational or state regulation models may account for different aspects of the results. Modifications related to task presentation, such as the emphasis put on different details in the verbal instruction, may lead to divergent results when comparing performances of children with ADHD and control children on a self-paced task.

Published
2010

46. Interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit

Author

Sturm, W, Herrmann, M, Münte, T F, Sturm, W ( W ), Herrmann, M ( M ), Münte, T F ( T F ), Drechsler, R, Sturm, W, Herrmann, M, Münte, T F, Sturm, W ( W ), Herrmann, M ( M ), Münte, T F ( T F ), and Drechsler, R

Published
2009

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