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Introduction: Pressure sores are among the most challenging problems healthcare professionals face in patients with mobility limitations. These wounds can deteriorate the underlying condition and can sometimes be vitally threatening, making treatment challenging as well. Pressure sores can have a significant effect on the general health and quality of life of the patient. Aim: To determine the incidence, outcomes, common anatomical sites, and the most common clinical conditions leading to pressure ulcer formation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units (ICU) of Yenepoya Medical College Hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India from November 2021 to November 2022. Data were collected using a predesigned proforma and an observational assessment tool--the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH), which is used to assess and monitor the healing of pressure ulcers. The variables studied included the incidence, aetiopathogenesis, and outcomes of pressure sores. Descriptive statistics were performed using mean and frequency distribution. Results: In present study, the incidence of pressure sores in the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) and Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) over one year was found to be 5.3% (48 out of 906 patients). The mean age of the patients was 55.42±16.58 years, with a male predominance of 32 (66.7%) cases compared to 16 (33.3%) cases females. Among the 48 patients who developed pressure sores, 20 patients (41.7%) were anaemic, as indicated by haemoglobin levels below 10 g/dL. The most common co-morbidity was diabetes mellitus, observed in 16 (33.3%) patients. Approximately 27 (56.3%) cases of the patients had one or more co-morbidities, while 21 (43.8%) cases had no co-morbidities. The most common anatomical site for pressure sores was the sacral region, affecting 41 (85.4%) patients, followed by the gluteal region, which affected 7 (14.6%) patients. Using the PUSH tool, it was found that 27 (56.3%) patients had epithelial tissue in their sores. A total of 16 (33.3%) patients had closed-type pressure sores, and 5 (10.4%) patients had granulation tissue. The mean wound area was 5.56±3.175 cm². The primary clinical conditions in patients who developed pressure sores included septic shock in 14 (29.17%) cases, Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) in 12 (25%) cases, head injury in 8 (16.7%) cases, malignancy in 4 (8.33%) cases, pneumonia in 3 (6.25%) cases, and pancreatitis and Pott's spine, each in 2 (4.17%) cases. Organophosphate (OP) poisoning, Tuberculosis (TB) meningitis, and Haemophilia were noted in 1 (2.08%) case each. Out of the 48 patients, 41 (85.4%) cases healed during their hospital stay, while 7 (14.6%) cases did not heal, with five of these patients dying due to sepsis and the other two due to CVA and end-stage malignancy. The mean duration for healing was 14.02±7.58 days, ranging from four to 32 days. Conclusion: Most patients who developed pressure sores were predominantly male, with common co-morbidities like diabetes, hypertension, and CVA. Sacral sores were the most frequent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to achieve the quantitative detection of recombinant type III collagen (rh-COL-III) in dressings with complex matrix. First of all, the marker peptide (GEAGIPGVPGAK) of rhCOL-III was identified with HPLC-MS/MS. Then, a qualitative and quantitative method based on marker peptides was established and validated. In order to obtain higher sensitivity, a pretreatment method of liquid, gel, and ointment dressings was optimized. The reference material for quantification was combined using rhCOL-III and blank matrix of each dressing. The results indicated that the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the quantitative method was 2.77%, and the RSD of intraday and interday precision was 2.76% and 2.31%, respectively. The spiking recovery rate was between 80% and 90%. The optimal pretreatment method was Tris-HCl solvent replacement. The optimal trypsin concentration for the dressing solution was 20 μg in 500 μL. The method of preparing standard substances with a blank matrix can effectively eliminate the influence of the matrix effect on the quantitative results. The average spiking recovery rates of 50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, and 200 μg/mL in three different dressings ranged from 80% to 120%. The quantitative detection of limit (LOD) of rhCOL-III was 1 ng/mL, 2 ng/g, and 1 ng/g in liquid, ointment, and gel dressings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dressing is an important element in the management of severe burns. The aim of this study was to present the results of the dressing in room air and peanut oil. This was a descriptive retrospective study conducted from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020 in the surgery department of the Dédougou regional hospital center. All patients less than or equal to 15 years of age with a severe burn were included. They all benefited from a dressing protocol in ambient air and with arachis hypogaea (peanut) oil. We collected 81 children with an average age of 4.8 years. All the burns were accidental and they were thermal in 77 cases (95%). They occurred during the harmattan period in 43 cases (53%). The average burned body surface was 23.2%. The burns were deep 2nd degree in 48 cases (59.3%). There were 16 infectious complications (19.7%), including 15 cases (18.5%) of suppuration. Death occurred in two cases. The average epidermization time was 26.2 days and the average length of hospital stay was 12.5 days. Sequelae were noted in 16 cases (20.25%) and 15 cases were adults. The results of the application of the dressing protocol in ambient air and with arachis hypogaea (peanut) oil are encouraging. A larger scale study will provide additional evidence on its efficacy and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The skin is the first line of defense to protect the host from external environmental damage. When the skin is damaged, the wound provides convenience for the invasion of external substances. The prolonged nonhealing of wounds can also lead to numerous subsequent complications, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. To solve this problem, proteins and peptide components that promote wound healing have been discovered in animals, which can act on key pathways involved in wound healing, such as the PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, NF-κ B, and JAK/STAT pathways. So far, some formulations for topical drug delivery have been developed, including hydrogels, microneedles, and electrospinning nanofibers. In addition, some high-performance dressings have been utilized, which also have great potential in wound healing. Here, research progress on the promotion of wound healing by animal-derived proteins and peptide components is summarized, and future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent liquid adhesive skin closure systems with a mesh patch and a 2-octyl cyanoacrylate liquid formula have shown promising results in total joint arthroplasty. Chemical accelerators are typically included to promote the rapid polymerization of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate. The goal of the study is to distinguish designs and wound complication differences between 2 similar systems. An 18-week retrospective study was conducted from July to December 2023, including 207 total hip arthroplasty and 212 total knee arthroplasty cases from 4 attending surgeons at 1 institution that used 1 of 2 dressing designs. Both dressings had a 2-octyl cyanoacrylate liquid adhesive formula that applied topically to a polyester-based mesh overlaying the wound. Mesh A (used in 274 cases) included an accelerator, a quaternary ammonium salt, on the mesh patch, whereas Mesh B (used in 145 cases) included a similar accelerator within the adhesive applicator. Wound complications (3.2 versus 7.6%; X 2 = 3.86; df = 1; P =.049), early periprosthetic joint infections (0 versus 2.8%; X 2 = 7.63; df = 1; P =.006), and 90-day reoperations for wound complications (0.4 versus 3.4%; X 2 = 6.39; df = 1; P =.011) were significantly lower in patients who received Mesh A versus B, respectively. There was no difference in superficial surgical site infections (0.7 versus 0%; X 2 = 1.06; df = 1; P =.302) or allergy rates (3.3 versus 4.1%; X 2 = 0.12; df = 1; P =.655) between Mesh A and B. We observed significantly different performance in wound complications, early postoperative periprosthetic joint infections, and 90-day reoperation between the 2 designs. Having the accelerator in the applicator rather than on the mesh patch may lead to premature polymerization before bonding appropriately with the mesh to create the desired wound closure and seal. Level III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ever-increasing problem of chronic, non-healing wound treatment is a challenge in contemporary medicine. This study aims to verify the effect of a designed dressing containing a coating involving oxygenating factors on the promotion of wound healing in all healing phases in a single clinical case. An alginate-based coating, which incorporates the oxygenating factor, was produced. The obtained surface physicochemical features were examined using FTIR and AFM. The bandage support was modified with the developed coating and applied to patients who suffered from chronic wounds (treated with non-modified commercially available bandages) and had required treatment at least 3 months before starting the study. During bandage application, the chosen characteristics of the wound-healing process were examined. A histological evaluation of granulation tissue confirmed the presence of fibroblasts, hemorrhage, and lymphocytes during the second week of treatment. Moreover, epithelization tissue in the third week of treatment exhibited the presence of keratinocytes. A 100% wound reduction was observed between 3 and 4 weeks of treatment with the modified dressing. It can be recommended that the applied coating, which provides a supportive effect through oxygenating elements, inducing the remodeling phase in up to 4 weeks of treatment, be developed for use in hard-to-heal wound treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study was to show the clinical performance and cost‐effectiveness of a Silicone foam dressing with 3DFit™ Technology compared to current standard of care. This was an open‐labelled, two‐arm, randomised controlled multicentre study conducted from February to December 2023. One hundred and two participants with an exuding, non‐infected and chronic ulcer were randomised in a 1:1 fashion and treated with either a Silicone foam with 3DFit™ Technology or standard of care (a filler combined with a secondary dressing), stratified by venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers. After a 4‐week study period, wound size and total costs were evaluated. After 4 weeks of treatment, a comparable percentage in wound area reduction was observed in both treatment arms with mean and 95% confidence interval of 54.3% (37.1%; 71.5%) and 43.0% (26.5%; 59.6%) for the investigational and comparator dressing, respectively. This corresponded to a mean difference of 11.3% ([−10.22; 32.86], p = 0.299). Total mean estimated costs were significantly lower for the investigational dressing (£14.3, 95% confidence interval [£9.6; £19.0]) compared to the two‐dressing regime (£21.4 [£16.9; £26.0]), corresponding to a 33% price reduction (p = 0.033) after 4 weeks of treatment. With this RCT, a conforming Silicone foam dressing with 3DFit™ Technology was shown to be clinically comparable and a cost‐effective alternative to using a filler and a secondary dressing at a significantly lower cost in both venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers up to 2 cm in depth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vegetables are low in energy and rich in vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber; various health benefits associated with their intake have been reported. Salads are one of the most convenient ways to consume vegetables and can be made simply by pouring mayonnaise, dressing, olive oil, or other condiments over a selection of vegetables. There are also many reports on the ways in which vegetable intake can improve health. However, there is no comprehensive review summarizing the health functions of vegetables when consumed as a salad. The effects of vegetable salads on amounts of vegetable intake, lifestyle-related diseases, and the absorption of specific nutrients through mayonnaise, as well as the effects of the order in which vegetable salad and carbohydrates are consumed, have been reported. In this review, the health functions of vegetable salad consumption are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wounds, arises from accidents, burns, surgeries, diabetes, and trauma, can significantly impact well‐being and present persistent clinical challenges. Ideal wound dressings should be flexible, stable, antibacterial, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory in nature, facilitating a scarless rapid wound healing. Initiatives were taken to create antibacterial cotton fabrics by incorporating agents like antibiotics and metallic nanoparticles. However, due to a lack of multifunctionality, these materials were not highly effective in causing scarless and rapid wound healing. In this article, nickel thiocyanate nanoparticle (NiSCN‐NPs) impregnated cotton gauze wound dressing (NiSCN‐CG) was developed. These nanoparticles were non‐toxic to normal human cell lines till 1 mg/mL dose and did not cause skin irritation in the rat model. Further, NiSCN‐NPs exhibited antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antioxidant activities confirmed using different in vitro experiments. In vivo wound healing studies in rat models using NiSCN‐CG demonstrated rapid scarless wound healing. The nickel thiocyanate impregnated cotton gauze presents a novel approach in scarless wound healing, and as an antimicrobial agent, offering a promising solution for diverse wounds and infections in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) is a critical priority in the clinical management of central venous catheters (CVCs). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate antibacterial dressings in the context of CVC care. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase et al. databases up to May 28, 2024. The search targeted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the impact of chlorhexidine gluconate antibacterial dressings on CVC-related outcomes. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: The final analysis included 14 RCTs involving a total of 8920 patients with CVCs, with participants divided into a chlorhexidine antibacterial dressing group (n = 4731) and a control group (n = 4189). The chlorhexidine dressing group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of CRBSI compared to the control group, with a relative risk (RR) of 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.64, P < 0.001. The chlorhexidine dressing group also showed a significant decrease in bacterial colonization, with an RR of 0.46, 95% CI 0.38–0.55, P < 0.001. Assessment of publication bias through funnel plot asymmetry and Egger's test revealed no significant bias in the included studies (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: There is a notable reduction in the incidence of CRBSI and bacterial colonization in patients with CVCs through the application of chlorhexidine gluconate dressings. Given the compelling evidence, the integration of these dressings into standard nursing care protocols for the management of CVCs is advocated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Quercetin has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-aging, anti-depression and other pharmacological effects, and has high medicinal value. Quercetin can promote wound healing in normal rats, but few drugs with quercetin as the main component have been developed, which limits its wide application in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application effect of quercetin-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel on diabetic wound in rats by loading quercetin with hydrogel material. METHODS: (1) Carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels and quercetin-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels were prepared respectively, and the micromorphology and in vitro drug release properties of the hydrogels were characterized. (2) Cell experiment: Mouse L929 fibroblasts were cultured in four groups. The blank control group was cultured conventionally. Carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel, quercetin solution and quercetin-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel were added to pure hydrogel group, drug group, and drug-loaded hydrogel group, respectively, to detect cell proliferation and migration ability. (3) Animal experiments: Diabetic models were established in 80 SD rats. After successful modeling, full-layer skin defect wounds with a diameter of 2 cm were made on the back of rats, and these models were randomly divided into four groups. Normal saline, carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel, quercetin solution, and quercetin-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel were injected into the wounds of blank control group, pure hydrogel group, drug group, and drug-loaded hydrogel group, respectively. Each group contained 20 animals, which were bound with sterile gauze. Wound healing, pathological morphology, expression of inflammatory factors, and angiogenesis were observed after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under scanning electron microscope, the microstructures of the two hydrogels were similar, both showed loose porous network structure, and quercetin-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels had good drug release performance in vitro. (2) Compared with blank control group, the cell proliferation and mobility of the other three groups were increased (P < 0.05). The cell proliferation and mobility of drug-loaded hydrogel group were higher than those of pure hydrogel group and drug group (P < 0.05). (3) The wound healing rate of the drug-loaded hydrogel group was higher than that of the other three groups at 5 and 11 days after operation. The wound healing rate of rats in the hydrogel group, pure hydrogel group, and drug group reached 100% 18 days after operation, which was higher than that in the blank control group (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that intact skin and skin appendages were visible on the wounds of rats in the drug-loaded hydrogel group 18 days after surgery, while intact skin and skin appendages were visible on the wounds of rats in the blank control group, pure hydrogel group, and drug group 25 days after surgery. The levels of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 in the drug-loaded hydrogel group were lower than those in the blank control group at 5, 11, and 18 days after surgery (P < 0.05), and the levels of transforming growth factor β1 at 11 and 18 days after surgery were lower than those in the blank control group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expressions of CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor α in the drug-loaded hydrogel group were higher than those in the other three groups at 11 and 18 days after operation (P < 0.05). (4) These findings indicate that quercetin in quercetin carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel can regulate inflammatory response, accelerate angiogenesis, promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, and enhance the healing of diabetic wounds in rats [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Obesity, characterized by excess fat accumulation, is associated with heightened inflammation and infection risk. However, the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and wound healing remains unclear. Objective: The study aimed to explore the relationship between BMI and wound infection incidence, pathogenic bacterial strains in wounds, and wound healing promotion using different BMI values in conventional medical dressings. Methods: The study included 120 patients with traumatic and orthopedic wound infections and 40 patients with vertebral fractures to assess dressing efficacy and the influence of BMI index on healing outcomes. Wound infection incidence rates, pathogenic bacteria distribution within groups, and antibiotic resistance were identified, and their association with BMI was evaluated. Factors contributing to wound infection were analyzed. Results: The wound infection incidence rate was 30.36% without statistically significant correlation with BMI (p > 0. 0 5). A weak correlation (0. 3 < r < 0. 5) was established between the distribution of pathogenic bacterial strains with cause of trauma and BMI (0. 3 < r < 0. 5). Wound exposure time (p = 0. 0 0 1), wound depth (p = 0. 0 4 4), and hospital stay (p = 0. 0 1 7) were identified as independent wound infection risk factors. Conclusions: BMI exhibited a weak correlation with pathogenic bacteria distribution and negatively correlated with the degree of wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fabrication of high-precision and high-performance profile rollers represents the main challenge of utilizing profile rollers as dressers to condition conventional grinding wheels. This results in high demands for an efficient process to manufacture profile rollers (form dressing wheels). Conventionally, diamond profile rollers have been produced through infiltration or negative electroplating methods. Nevertheless, these manufacturing methods suffer significant drawbacks, including extended production times and substantial costs. This study presents an innovative approach to fabricating diamond profile rollers using Wire Electrical Discharge Conditioning (WEDC). The WED-Conditioning emerges as an effective alternative to profile metal-bonded rotary diamond dressing tools. This innovative method leads to the production of diamond profile rollers in significantly shorter timeframes and at a more economical cost compared to the conventional manufacturing method with comparable quality. The research delves into the influence of profile roller specifications and conditioning strategies on the achievable profile accuracy and topography of the profile rollers. Also, the wear behavior of the WEDC-conditioned profile roller over long-term conditioning of conventional grinding wheels was studied. The findings highlight the significant contribution of the appropriate selection of WEDC strategies to the profile accuracy, with the potential to achieve profile accuracies comparable with conventional profile rollers. As well, grain size emerges as the primary determinant of achievable profile accuracy for profile rollers. The findings of this study could provide insights into optimizing the manufacturing process for super abrasive diamond profile rollers, thereby enabling their widespread use in the grinding industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to review, establish and compare two treatment modalities namely, magnesium sulphate and glycerine dressing versus the conventional method of dressing after surgical drainage of space infections. Glycerine + Magnesium Sulphate paste application was found to be very effective when compared with magnesium sulphate fomentation in reducing swelling in patients with oedema. This was a comparative in-vivo study conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from February 2023 to October 2023. This study was conducted to evaluate saline gauze dressing vs glycerine and magnesium sulphate dressing after surgical drainage of space infections. Post-operative swelling (and its parameters) will be evaluated. After drainage of the involved space was performed, and glycerine and magnesium sulphate dressing or saline gauze dressing was given on POD1 to POD7. All the parameters for swelling were included. The mean age of participants in both the groups were 46.2± and 45.6 ± After surgical drainage of the infection, use of glycerine and magnesium sulphate dressing led to gradual reduction in swelling and pain was reduced and was evaluated from POD1 to POD7. All the statistical tests were applied keeping confidence interval at 95% and (p<0.05) was statistically significant. We have concluded that glycerine and MgSO4 dressing was much more effective post operatively in space infection patients as compared to normal saline gauze dressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Surgical site complications are common post-operatively. Addressing these will improve patient experience and outcomes and reduce associated financial costs. Aims: To critically appraise the evidence for the routine use of single-use negative pressure wound therapy in preventing surgical site complications for abdominal wounds. Methods: Current research on the use of single-use negative pressure wound therapy was reviewed and selected for critical appraisal using Cochrane CENTRAL database, University of Huddersfield Library and Embase. Results: Two randomised controlled trials, two Cochrane reviews and one retrospective comparative study were included There was evidence of a reduction in wound complications including surgical site infection; however, this evidence is of low certainty. Conclusion: The use of single-use negative pressure wound therapy should be carefully considered for both the potential benefits and the limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, carbon-carbon double bonds and catechol groups modified oligochitosan (OCS)/photocurable polyurethane composite films (OPU) were prepared for wound dressing application. Methacrylic anhydride (MA) was used to modify oligochitosan. The effect of the ratio of amino groups on OCS to MA on the properties of the composite films was investigated. The results showed that the OPU films possessed the best overall performance in hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, adhesion properties, and antibacterial activity when the ratio of amino groups on OCS to MA was 4:2. The prepared films may show potential application as wound dressings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research consolidates our group's advances in developing a therapeutic dressing with innovative enzymatic debridement, focusing on the physicochemical and in vitro biological properties of papain immobilized in wet oxidized bacterial cellulose (OxBC–Papain) dressing. OxBC membranes were produced with Komagataeibacter hansenii oxidized with NaIO4, and papain was immobilized on them. They were characterized in terms of enzyme stability (over 100 days), absorption capacity, water vapor transmission (WVT), hemocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and cell adhesion. The OxBC–Papain membrane showed 68.5% proteolytic activity after 100 days, demonstrating the benefit of using the OxBC wet membrane for papain stability. It had a WVT rate of 678 g/m2·24 h and cell viability of 99% and 86% for L929 and HaCat cells, respectively. The membranes exhibited non-hemolytic behavior and maintained 26% clotting capacity after 1 h. The wet OxBC–Papain membrane shows significant potential as a natural biomolecule-based therapeutic dressing for wound care, offering efficient debridement, moisture maintenance, exudate absorption, gas exchange, and hemostasis without cytotoxic effects or cell adhesion to the dressing. Further research, especially using in vivo models, is needed to assess its efficacy in inducing epithelialization. This study advances stomatherapy knowledge, providing a cost-effective solution for enzymatic debridement in healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the effect of natural compounds from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) skin on wound healing in IL-10 knockout mice. The healing fraction, Fraction T19, was obtained through hydrolysis with trypsin. In vitro, T19 was not cytotoxic to RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, promoting increased cell proliferation and migration. In vivo, mice (n = 30) were divided into three groups with 12 mm wounds in the dorsal region: control (distilled water), T1 (T19 at 125 μg/mL), and T2 (T19 at 250 μg/mL). Daily applications were performed, with tissue removal after nine days. The results showed that T19 increased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), preventing wound contamination. There was an increase in pro-inflammatory (IL-2 and IFNγ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4) cytokines, as well as cell proliferation markers (PCNA and KI67). Antibodies CD31, CD163, and COX-2 indicated an increase in the formation of new vessels and a reduction in inflammation. Both groups treated with T19 showed better healing results, with better effects observed at higher doses. It was concluded that T19 can effectively modulate the skin repair process and represent an alternative therapeutic for improving the quality of wound skin, especially in the clinical context. Formulations using tilapia skin are safe and effective for accelerating wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advanced Textile Technology is the property of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Magazines and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: In addition to its hemostatic and stabilization role, biodegradable nasal packing can be used as a carrier for drugs after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). The aim of this study was to compare the influence of biodegradable synthetic polyurethane foam (NasoPore) soaked with ciprofloxacin, or betamethasone, or both to the same foam soaked with saline after FESS. Methods: 120 adults with chronic rhinosinusitis, with and without polyps, directed for bilateral full-house FESS were enrolled for the study. The patients were randomized and blinded into 3 groups, depending on the type of postoperative procedure applied. Thus, NasoPore soaked with antibiotic was provided to the first group; in the second group, the steroid was used; and the combination of both, in the third group. In each case, the aforementioned procedure was administered on one side of the nose, while NasoPore was soaked in saline on the other, at the end of the surgery, respectively. The patients were requested to complete a questionnaire during their postoperative visits at 2, 10, 30, 90, and 180 days, scoring the level of complaints on the VAS scale, separately for each side. The evaluation of the healing process was performed at each visit using rigid endoscopy and subsequently rated on numerical scales. Results: Decreased mucosal edema and secretion; reduced Lund-Kennedy score; and favorable influences on facial pressure, nasal blockage, and smell were most evidently seen in the group receiving the antibioticsteroid combination. Conclusions: The application of biodegradable nasal packing with betamethasone and ciprofloxacin in sino-nasal surgery has positive effects not only on the healing process but also impacts patient's comfort. To optimize it, however, further research is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article compares two types of external ear canal packing options, Spongostan and Silastic, for endoscopic ear surgery. The study found that there was no statistically significant difference in post-operative healing outcomes between the two dressings. Both dressings were considered viable options for endoscopic ear surgery. The study aimed to fill a gap in the literature regarding packing options for this type of surgery. However, the study has limitations and further research is needed to determine the optimal timing of leaving the Spongostan dressing in place. [Extracted from the article]

Personal cleansing and dressing are integral components within the broader framework of the activities of living. Understanding how and why these activities are essential for maintaining hygiene, promoting health and fostering sociopsychological wellbeing will help the healthcare assistant (HCA) and assistant practitioner (AP) recognise their influence on an individual's overall quality of life. Developing and addressing the factors that may affect an individual's ability to conduct their own personal cleansing and dressing are key for the promotion of independence and wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Electrospun porous nanofiber exhibits excellent properties and designability. It is an effective way to control the release of traditional Chinese medicine and improve the bioavailability to design an advanced drug delivery system, which has a broad application prospect. OBJECTIVE: To review the construction methods of the electrospinning drug delivery system of traditional Chinese medicine and its related research progress in the medical field. METHODS: The literature search was performed in CNKI, PubMed, and Web of Science databases with the search terms “electrospinning, traditional Chinese medicine, drug carrier, drug delivery system, tissue engineering, dressing” in both English and Chinese for articles published from 2013 to 2023. Finally, 62 articles were included in this review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The key elements of the electrospinning drug delivery system of Chinese medicine preparation are substrate material, traditional Chinese medicine composition, and drug loading method. (2) The preparation of the electrospinning drug delivery system of Chinese medicine can be carried out according to the application scenario and therapeutic purpose. Firstly, the types of Chinese medicine are selected, then the polymer matrix and solution suitable for them are selected, and finally, the fiber structure is designed according to the drug release requirements and the appropriate drug loading method is adopted. (3) At present, the medicinal agents used are mainly plant Chinese medicine, and there is a lack of systematic research on animal and mineral Chinese medicine. (4) Blended drug loading is the most studied and applied drug loading method, and its drug release characteristics and adaptation scenarios are constantly expanded by optimizing the physicochemical properties of the solution and selecting the diversity of loaded substances. Multilayer fibers with different compositions and properties can be prepared by coaxial, multi-axis, and sequential electrospinning methods, which have broad development prospects. (5) The early application of the electrospinning drug delivery system of Chinese medicine focused on medical dressings according to the antibacterial and hemostatic functions. In recent years, it has been studied in the field of tissue engineering because some components of traditional Chinese medicine can promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. (6) At present, the research mainly focuses on the characterization and optimization of loading materials, processes, physicochemical properties, and biological properties, but the research on the mechanism is less. Its clinical application has not been widespread; the adverse reactions in vivo and the interaction between its degradation behavior and drug release behavior are still unknown. (7) Future studies need to consider: We should expand the application of Chinese medicine by improving the physicochemical properties and increasing the purification of Chinese medicine extracts. We need to comprehensively study the therapeutic effects and application mechanisms of Chinese medicine, and clarify the interaction of degradation behavior and drug release behavior, to achieve a more perfect combination and application of Chinese medicine and electrospinning nanofibers under a more accurate mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral hydrogel dressings are required to speed up the healing of oral mucosal wounds by reducing plaque and bacterial infection of the wound. Hydrogel dressing is able to maintain wound moisture and act as an extracellular matrix. Red algae contain carrageenan, which is a polysaccharide of the hydrogel. This study aimed to analyse hydrogel dressing based on red algae carrageenan on the viability of fibroblast culture cells. Materials and methods: The study used human gingival primary culture, treated with hydrogel dressing. There were five treatment groups: base composition hydrogel dressing (group 1), base composition plus carrageenan kappa (group 2), base composition plus carrageenan iota (group 3), base composition + carrageenan kappa without carbomer (group 4) and base composition plus carrageenan iota without carbomer, each divided into four groups of 0.5% concentration. 1%, 2% and 3%. Viability was analysed using an MTT assay. Results: In this study, all groups showed a high percentage of viability. The administration of carrageenan showed that the viability percentage decreased due to changes in gel elasticity. The high elasticity of the gel inhibits cell differentiation and proliferation. Cell viability in iota carrageenan hydrogel was higher than in kappa-carrageenan hydrogel. The group's overall survival exceeded 70%, indicating that the hydrogel was not toxic but supported differentiation and proliferation. Conclusion: It was concluded that the hydrogel dressing in all treatments showed a high percentage of cell viability and did not cause cell toxicity. The carrageenan in the hydrogel causes the hydrogel film layer to become stiffer and stronger, thus affecting its viability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are commonly contaminated with pathogenic organisms and precede most diabetes‐related amputations. Antimicrobial dressings are used in the treatment of DFUs; however, recent guidelines do not support their use. There are no data describing the experience of antimicrobial dressing use among podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ). This study aimed to (i) determine which antimicrobial dressings podiatrists in AoNZ use for the management of diabetic foot ulcers; and (ii) determine what factors influence AoNZ podiatrists' use of antimicrobial dressing when managing DFUs. Methods: An anonymous cross‐sectional web‐based survey was undertaken. Participants were AoNZ registered podiatrists who managed DFUs in their practice. The survey included questions relating to personal and professional demographic characteristics and DFU management and dressing practices. Descriptive statistics were computed to address the research aims. Results: Responses from 43 AoNZ podiatrists were included. Participants reported both cadexomer iodine and silver dressings were the most common antimicrobial dressings used, with honey dressings being the least frequently used. The most influential factors in choosing antimicrobial dressings when managing DFUs were the presence of current infection, ulcer exudate and ability to prevent future infection. The least influential factors in choosing antimicrobial dressings when managing DFUs were patient preferences, cost of dressings and comfort of dressing/pain on removal. Conclusions: AoNZ podiatrists managing DFUs primarily use antimicrobial dressings containing cadexomer iodine or silver as active ingredients, while lower‐cost options, such as honey and povidone iodine are less often used. Current recommendations highlight the lack of evidence to support positive outcomes from any particular antimicrobial dressing over another and advocate that exudate control, comfort and cost be prioritised in decision‐making. As cost has been an increasing burden to our healthcare funding, clinicians and organisations may consider this before purchasing and stocking expensive dressings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Wound dressing production represents an important segment in the biomedical healthcare field, but finding a simple and eco-friendly method that combines a natural compound and a biocompatible dressing production for biomedical application is still a challenge. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop wound healing dressings that are environmentally friendly, low cost, and easily produced, using natural agents and a physical crosslinking technique. Hydrogel wound healing dressings were prepared from polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose and sericin using the freeze–thawing method as a crosslinking method. The morphological characterization was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas the mechanical analysis was carried out by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) to test the tensile strength and compression properties. Then, the healing property of the wound dressing material was tested by in vitro and ex vivo tests. The results show a three-dimensional microporous structure with no cytotoxicity, excellent stretchability with compressive properties similar to those of human skin, and excellent healing properties. The proposed hydrogel dressing was tested in vitro with HaCaT keratinocytes and ex vivo with epidermal tissues, demonstrating an effective advantage on wound healing acceleration. Accordingly, this study was successful in developing wound healing dressings using natural agents and a simple and green crosslinking method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of a study of the influence of the dressing process of a hollow aluminosilicate microsphere on the structural features and regulaties of changes in the main physical and mechanical characteristics of composites based on polypropylene graft copolymer with methacrylic acid. Organosilicon compound АГМ-9 (γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) was used as a dressing size. The mechanism of the sol-gel reaction in the process of dressing the surface of microspheres is given. The introduction of dressed microspheres into the composition of the graft copolymer made it possible to obtain hybrid composites with improved physical and mechanical properties. The most probable mechanism for the formation of the structure of hybrid composites with the formation of a three-level cross-linked spatial structure - "interpenetrating networks" is considered. The use of the method of thermomechanical studies of dressed and undressed composites confirmed the assumption of the formation of interpenetrating networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogels consist of a network of highly porous polymeric chains with the potential for use as a wound dressing. Propolis is a natural product with several biological properties including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. This study was aimed at synthesizing and characterizing a polyacrylamide/methylcellulose hydrogel containing propolis as an active ingredient, to serve as a wound dressing alternative, for the treatment of skin lesions. The hydrogels were prepared using free radical polymerization, and were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, swelling capacity, mechanical and rheological properties, UV-Vis spectroscopy, antioxidant activity by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays and biocompatibility determined in Vero cells and J774 macrophages by the MTT assay. Hydrogels showed a porous and foliaceous structure with a well-defined network, a good ability to absorb water and aqueous solutions simulating body fluids as well as desirable mechanical properties and pseudoplastic behavior. In hydrogels containing 1.0 and 2.5% propolis, the contents of total polyphenols were 24.74 ± 1.71 mg GAE/g and 32.10 ± 1.01 mg GAE/g and those of total flavonoids 8.01 ± 0.99 mg QE/g and 13.81 ± 0.71 mg QE/g, respectively, in addition to good antioxidant activity determined with all three methods used. Therefore, hydrogels containing propolis extract, may serve as a promising alternative wound dressing for the treatment of skin lesions, due to their anti-oxidant properties, low cost and availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Using a dressing that expands and conforms to the wound bed upon exudate absorption is one of the best ways to promote wound healing. While many products claim wound bed conformability, no externally replicated or verified test methodology had been developed to quantify a wound dressing's ability to conform to the wound bed. The Relative Swelling Rise (RSR) test methodology was developed to measure the relative swelling rise of foam dressings upon fluid absorption, and offers a quantifiable and easily replicated method to measure wound bed conformability. Method: The RSR test method was developed, validated and reliability tested by Coloplast A/S, Denmark. External replication was provided by ALS Odense, Denmark (previously DB Lab). Circular fences provide a fixed diameter to apply and contain the fluid and prevent horizontal spreading in the test set-up. The swelling height is quantified relative to the fence's inner diameter, i.e., the ratio alpha (α), and allows evaluation of a material's ability to conform to the wound bed. Results: Biatain Silicone foam products (n=3, Coloplast A/S, Denmark) were tested, all afforded an average α-ratio from 0.30 to 0.60. The relative standard deviations were between 1–3%, demonstrating the strength of the test. Robustness of the methodology was demonstrated through the internal validation study, the reliability study, and both an internal and external replication study, as well as a systematic literature review and expert review of the construct, content, criterion and generalisability of the method. Conclusion: Having a validated, effective and easily replicable testing method to quantify wound bed conformability of foam dressings is an important step towards achieving better healing outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the ability of tea tree essential oil (TT) incorporated into polymer-clay bionanocomposites to in vitro eliminate resistant microorganisms towards applications in antibacterial wound healing. Antimicrobial bionanocomposites were prepared in two steps, namely sonication and melt intercalation, and montmorillonite clay and poly(acid lactic) (PLA) were chosen because they constitute a polymer-clay bionanocomposite to be applied in wound dressing. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated good incorporation of the organic compounds, TT oil, and glycerol (G) (the latter used as a plasticizer) into the clay galleries. Dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) results showed a 2–30 % increase in storage modulus and up to 10 °C decrease in glass transition temperature, proving the influence of both TT oil and G on the stress transfer of the reinforcement clay phase. Thermogravitmetric analyses (TGA) revealed TT oil and G addition worsened the thermal stability of the bionanocomposites, which show a mass loss onset decrease up to 90 °C and a clay content between 1.5 and 3 wt%. In vitro antimicrobial activity tests revealed only the combinations of TT oil and G reduced Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus satisfactorily and showed the antimicrobial activity of the bionanocomposites.

Abstract Purpose Currently, postoperative wound infection and poor healing of total knee arthroplasty have been perplexing both doctors and patients. We hereby innovatively invented a new dressing system to reduce the incidence of postoperative wound complications. Methods We enrolled 100 patients who received primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty and then applied the new dressing system. The data collected included the number of dressing changes, postoperative hospital stay, Visual Analogue Scale score (VAS), the Knee Society Score (KSS), the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), ASEPSIS scores, The Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES), wound complications, dressing cost, the frequency of shower and satisfaction. Subsequently, a statistical analysis of the data was performed. Results Our findings demonstrated the average number of postoperative dressing changes was 1.09 ± 0.38, and the average postoperative hospital stay was 3.72 ± 0.98 days. The average cost throughout a treatment cycle was 68.97 ± 12.54 US dollars. Collectively, the results of VAS, KSS, and KOOS revealed that the pain and function of patients were continuously improved. The results of the four indexes of the ASEPSIS score were 0, whereas the SBSES score was 3.58 ± 0.52 and 4.69 ± 0.46 at two weeks and one month after the operation, respectively. We observed no wound complications until one month after the operation. Remarkably, the satisfaction rate of the patients was 91.85 ± 4.99% one month after the operation. Conclusion In this study, we invented a new dressing system for surgical wounds after total knee arthroplasty and further confirmed its clinical feasibility and safety. Chinese clinical trial registry ChiCTR2000033814, Registered 13/ June/2020.

Background and purpose: Among the accidents that threaten human life, burn accidents are one of the worst. Burns are the fourth most common trauma worldwide and cause death, disability, pain, and many other problems. Faster healing of burn wounds is one of the health priorities of countries and it's important as a principle in the science of treatment. This research aims to determine and compare the effectiveness of hydrogel dressings containing allantoin and silver nanoparticles in the treatment of second-degree burn wounds. Materials and methods: This study was designed as a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 86 patients were selected in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two groups: A=43 and B=43, using a block method of 4. Group A patients received hydrogel containing silver nanoparticles and allantoin with a thickness of 2 millimeters and then sterile gauze and bandage on top of it, and group B patients received the usual treatment (Vaseline gauze, 0.5% acetic acid and 1% betadine). Local treatment was performed every 48 hours, and dressing was applied after each treatment. The condition of the wounds, including the presence or absence of granulation tissue, bleeding, pain, infection, and other wound complications or healing factors, was recorded and evaluated by visiting and observing every 48 hours. Results: The average age in the intervention group was 10.2 years and in the control group was 9.9 years, and the difference was not statistically significant, P=0.456. 48% of the patients in the intervention group were male 52% were female, and in the control group, 44% were male and 56% were female, and the difference was not statistically significant, P=0.665. The average percentage of burns in the intervention group was 9.04% and in the control group was 9.58%, which was not statistically significant P=0.289. The type of burn in the intervention group was liquid 69% and flame 31%, and in the control group, liquid 65% and flame 34%, which was not statistically significant P=0.645.The intervention group had 55% of limbs and 45% of trunk and the control group had 63% of limbs and 37% of trunk, which difference was not statistically significant, P=0.510. In other words, the two groups were homogenous in age, sex, average burn percentage, burn mechanism, and location, and there were no significant differences. The average onset of epithelialization in the intervention group was 4.5 days (74% of patients on day 4 and 23% on day 6) and 6.4 days in the control group (60% of patients on day 6 and 30% on day 8), which was statistically significant P

Objective To evaluate the global practice pattern of wound dressing use after lumbar fusion for degenerative conditions. Methods A survey issued by AO Spine Knowledge Forums Deformity and Degenerative was sent out to AO Spine members. The type of postoperative dressing employed, timing of initial dressing removal, and type of subsequent dressing applied were investigated. Differences in the type of surgery and regional distribution of surgeons’ preferences were analyzed. Results Right following surgery, 60.6% utilized a dry dressing, 23.2% a plastic occlusive dressing, 5.7% glue, 6% a combination of glue and polyester mesh, 2.6% a wound vacuum, and 1.2% other dressings. The initial dressing was removed on postoperative day 1 (11.6%), 2 (39.2%), 3 (20.3%), 4 (1.7%), 5 (4.3%), 6 (0.4%), 7 or later (12.5%), or depending on drain removal (9.9%). Following initial dressing removal, 75.9% applied a dry dressing, 17.7% a plastic occlusive dressing, and 1.3% glue, while 12.1% used no dressing. The use of no additional coverage after initial dressing removal was significantly associated with a later dressing change (p < 0.001). Significant differences emerged after comparing dressing management among different AO Spine regions (p < 0.001). Conclusion Most spine surgeons utilized a dry or plastic occlusive dressing initially applied after surgery. The first dressing was more frequently changed during the first 3 postoperative days and replaced with the same type of dressing. While dressing policies tended not to vary according to the type of surgery, regional differences suggest that actual practice may be based on personal experience rather than available evidence.

The ever-increasing problem of chronic, non-healing wound treatment is a challenge in contemporary medicine. This study aims to verify the effect of a designed dressing containing a coating involving oxygenating factors on the promotion of wound healing in all healing phases in a single clinical case. An alginate-based coating, which incorporates the oxygenating factor, was produced. The obtained surface physicochemical features were examined using FTIR and AFM. The bandage support was modified with the developed coating and applied to patients who suffered from chronic wounds (treated with non-modified commercially available bandages) and had required treatment at least 3 months before starting the study. During bandage application, the chosen characteristics of the wound-healing process were examined. A histological evaluation of granulation tissue confirmed the presence of fibroblasts, hemorrhage, and lymphocytes during the second week of treatment. Moreover, epithelization tissue in the third week of treatment exhibited the presence of keratinocytes. A 100% wound reduction was observed between 3 and 4 weeks of treatment with the modified dressing. It can be recommended that the applied coating, which provides a supportive effect through oxygenating elements, inducing the remodeling phase in up to 4 weeks of treatment, be developed for use in hard-to-heal wound treatment.

Vegetables are low in energy and rich in vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber; various health benefits associated with their intake have been reported. Salads are one of the most convenient ways to consume vegetables and can be made simply by pouring mayonnaise, dressing, olive oil, or other condiments over a selection of vegetables. There are also many reports on the ways in which vegetable intake can improve health. However, there is no comprehensive review summarizing the health functions of vegetables when consumed as a salad. The effects of vegetable salads on amounts of vegetable intake, lifestyle-related diseases, and the absorption of specific nutrients through mayonnaise, as well as the effects of the order in which vegetable salad and carbohydrates are consumed, have been reported. In this review, the health functions of vegetable salad consumption are reported.