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1. Single-cell transcriptomes identify patient-tailored therapies for selective co-inhibition of cancer clones

Author

Ianevski, Aleksandr, Nader, Kristen, Driva, Kyriaki, Senkowski, Wojciech, Bulanova, Daria, Moyano-Galceran, Lidia, Ruokoranta, Tanja, Kuusanmäki, Heikki, Ikonen, Nemo, Sergeev, Philipp, Vähä-Koskela, Markus, Giri, Anil K., Vähärautio, Anna, Kontro, Mika, Porkka, Kimmo, Pitkänen, Esa, Heckman, Caroline A., Wennerberg, Krister, and Aittokallio, Tero

Published
2024
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4. Neutralising antibody potency against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and omicron BA.1 and BA.4/5 variants in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with infliximab and vedolizumab after three doses of COVID-19 vaccine (CLARITY IBD): an analysis of a prospective multicentre cohort study

Author

Liu, Zhigang, Le, Kaixing, Zhou, Xin, Alexander, James L, Lin, Simeng, Bewshea, Claire, Chanchlani, Neil, Nice, Rachel, McDonald, Timothy J, Lamb, Christopher A, Sebastian, Shaji, Kok, Klaartje, Lees, Charlie W, Hart, Ailsa L, Pollok, Richard C, Boyton, Rosemary J, Altmann, Daniel M, Pollock, Katrina M, Goodhand, James R, Kennedy, Nicholas A, Ahmad, Tariq, Powell, Nick, Islam, Madiha, Croft, Nick, Cipriano, Bessie, Francia, Caroline, Khalid, Nosheen, Kingston, Ashley, Lee, Irish, Lehmann, Anouk, Naik, Kinnari, Samuels, Kevin, Plaatjies, Nicolene, Khatun, Hafiza, Bokth, Farjana, Pabriaga, Elise, Saich, Rebecca, Cousins, Hayley, Fraser, Wendy, Thomas, Rachel, Brown, Matthew, White, Benjamin, Kirkineziadis, Nikolaos, Tilley, Bernadette, Porter, Pennie, Bryant, Rachel, Robaczewska, Natalia, Muhammed, Rafeeq, Bi, Rehana, Cotter, Catherine, Grove, Jayne, Hong, Kate, Howman, Ruth, Mitchell, Monica, Clayton, Sophie, Rogers, Louise, Sultan, Sugrah, Rooney, Melanie, Cottrill, Charlotte, Singh, Salil, Dawe, Chris, Hull, Robert, Silva, Natalie, Chadwick, Julie, Robertson, Laura, Manning, Jonathan, Finlayson, Lauren, Roebuck, Allison, Dawson, Joy, Sonwalkar, Sunil, Chambers, Naomi, Robinson, Matthew, Haigh, Andrew, Matapure, Lear, Raine, Tim, George, Varun, Kapizioni, Christina, Strongili, Konstantina, Thompson, Tina, Ahmed, Mohamed, Kontos, Christos, Dawson, Claire, Bourges, Christophe, Barbutti, Isabella, Gozzard, Megan E, Hendy, Philip, Bull, Rhian, Costa, Patricia, Davey, Lisa, Hannington, Hayley, Nundlall, Kribashnie, Martins, Catarina, Avanzi, Laura, Carungcong, Jaime, Barr, Sabrina, Appleby, Richard, Johnson, Emma, Shakweh, Eathar, Phillis, Kath, Gascoyne, Rachel, Crowder, Amanda, Whileman, Amanda, London, Ian, Grounds, Jenny, Martin, Emmeline, Pajak, Susie, Price, Jude, Cawley, Kathryn, Powell, Sandra, Kearsley, Nichola, Dhar, Anjan, Brown, Ellen, Cowton, Amanda, Stamp, Kimberley, Warner, Ben, Stuart, Carmel, Lacey, Louise, de Silva, Shanika, Allcock, Clare, Harvey, Philip, Jones, Lesley, Cooke, Elise, Slater, Jayne, King, Dominic, Brooks, Johanne, Baker, Pearl, Beadle, Hannah, Cruz, Carina, Potter, Debbie, Collum, Joe, Masters, Farzana, Kumar, Aashish, Coetzee, Samantha, Peiu, Mihaela, Icke, Becky, Williams, Jill, Raj, Meena, Gaynor, Edward, Chadokufa, Sibongile, Huggett, Bonita, Meghari, Hamza, El-Khouly, Sara, Kiparissi, Fevronia, Girshab, Waffa, Russell-Walker, Lynda, Jackson, Christopher, Sidler, Sara, Claridge, Andrew, Fowler, Emily, McCafferty, Laura, Haxton, Lesley, Irving, Peter, Christodoulides, Karolina, Clifford, Angela, Dawson, Patrick, Honap, Sailish, Lim, Samuel, Luber, Raphael, Mahiouz, Karina, Meade, Susanna, Raymode, Parizade, Reynolds, Rebecca, Stanton, Anna, Tripoli, Sherill, Hare, Naomi, Odukwe, Sopuluchukwu, Balachandran, Senthuran, North, Emma, North, Jessica, Browne, Bria, Cordle, Jessica, Jameson, Ella, Siaw, Yih Harn, Manzano, Lane, Segal, Jonathan, Al-Bakir, Ibrahim, Khakoo, Imran, Portukhay, Sofiya, Thoua, Nora, Davidson, Katherine, Miah, Jagrul, Canclini, Lisa, Hall, Alex, Furreed, Hassina, Mitchell-Inwang, Christine, Hayes, Melony, Myers, Sally, Talbot, Alison, Turnbull, Jack, Whitehead, Emma, Stamp, Katie, Pattinson, Alison, Mathew, Verghese, Sherris, Leanne, Wilcox, Julie, Ramachandran, Sankaranarayanan, Robertson, Hayley, Harvey, Angela, Hicks, Lucy, Byrne, Tara-Marie, Cabreros, Leilani, Downing-Wood, Hannah, Hunter, Sophie, Saifuddin, Mohammad Aamir, Prabhudev, Hemanth, Balarajah, Sharmili, Krucznski, Jan, Driva, Kalliopi, D'Mello, Andrea, Shah, Parith, Castro-Seoane, Rocio, Ibraheim, Hajir, Constable, Laura E, Lo, Jonathan W, Torkizadeh, Melissa, Hermangild, Sherine K, Sutherland, Helen, Wilhelmsen, Elva, Mackintosh, Katherine, Verma, Ajay M, Sebastian, Juliemol, Peerally, Mohammad Farhad, Raymode, Parizade, Guerdette, Anne-marie, Coburn, Susan, Novem lam, Ching Yee, Durrant, Donna, Schaefer, Belinda, Serna, Solange, Shahzad, Muhammad, Kent, Alexandra, Choong, Lee Meng, Pantaloni, Benedetta, Ravdas, Pantelis, Vadamalayan, Babu, Foley, Stephen, Arnold, Becky, Heeley, Cheryl, Lovegrove, Wayne, Sowton, Donna, Allsop, Lynne, Gregory, Heidi, Gill, Mandy, Holmes, Megan, Balan, Valeria, Smith, Susan, Turner, Sarah, Smith, Philip J, Steel, Alan, Bretland, Giovanna, King, Sarah, Lofthouse, Martina, Rigby, Lindsey, Subramanian, Sreedhar, Tyrer, David, Martin, Kate, Probert, Christopher, Kamperidis, Nikolaos, Adedoyin, Temi, Baden, Manisha, Brown, Jeannette, Chacko, Feba, Young, Lisa, Cicchetti, Michela, Saifuddin, Mohammad, Yesupatham, Priya, Gowda, Rohit, Williams, Maureen, Kemp, Karen, Akhand, Rima, Gray, Glaxy, John, Anu, John, Maya, Mohammed, Tasnim, Sathe, Diamond, Jones, Natasha, Soren, Jennifer, Sprakes, Michael, Burton, Julie, Kane, Patricia, Lupton, Stephanie, Bartholomew, Jacqueline, Denis, Elizabeth, Daniels, Alison, MacFaul, George, Scaletta, Diane, Siamia, Loria, Williams, Felicity, Green, Chloe, Ver, Zeljka, Lamb, Chris, Doona, Mary, Hogg, Ashleigh, Jeffrey, Lesley, King, Andrew, Speight, R Alexander, Doyle, Jennifer, Owen, Ruth, Haworth, Jenny, Patterson, Linda, Varnaulasingam, Vithusa, Mowat, Craig, Rice, Debbie, MacFarlane, Susan, MacLeod, Anne, Mohammed, Samera, Murray, Shona, Elliott, Anne, Anne Morris, Mary, Coke, Louise, Hindle, Grace, Kolokouri, Eirini, Wright, Catherine, Lee, Claire, Ward, Nicola, Dann, Adele, Lockett, Melanie, Cranfield, Charlotte, Jennings, Louise, Srivastava, Ankur, Ward, Lana, Jeynes, Nouf, Ranga, Poonam, Rajasekhar, Praveen, Gallagher, Lisa, Ward, Jill, Basnett, Rae, Murphy, Judy, Parking, Lauren, Lawson, Emma, Short, Stacey, Devadason, David, Moran, Gordon, Khan, Neelam, Tarr, Lauren, Olivia, Charmaine, Warbarton, Samantha, Kelly, Sian, Limdi, Jimmy, Goulden, Kay, Javed, Asad, McKenzie, Lauren, Melville, Julie, Liu, Eleanor, Sabine, Joseph, Jacob, Patricia, McSorland, Denise, Schofield, Nick, Cornwall, Lisa, Quirke, James, Crook, Emma, Turner, Anne, Bhandari, Pradeep, Baker-Moffatt, Michelle, Dash, Joanne, Le Poidevin, Alison, Downe, Hayley, Bombeo, Lucille, Blackman, Helen, Smith, Rebecca, Wiles, Alan, Bloxham, Hannah, Dias, Jose, Nadar, Evelyn, Curgenven, Hollie, Gilham, Ellie, Macdonald, Jonathan, Finan, Shona, McMeeken, Faye, Mahmood, Misbah, Shields, Stephanie, Seenan, John Paul, DeSilva, Des, Malkakorpi, Susanna, Carson, Rachel, Lawrence, Holly, Boateng, Ofori, Kpodo, Felix, Whiteoak, Simon, Edger-Earley, Kelli, Vamplew, Luke, Samways, Joanna, Roffe, Sue, Ingram, Sarah, James, Joel, Botfield, Sharon, Hammonds, Fiona, James, Clare, Berry, Zoe, Aspinall, Gemma, Hawkins, Sarah, Parkinson, Marian, Gardner-Thorpe, Helen, Marriott, Suzie, Redstone, Clare, Windak, Halina, Adam, Ana-Marie, Mabb, Hannah, Stevenson, Emma, Record, Jessica, Murray, Charles, Diaba, Cynthia, Joseph, Fexy, Pakou, Glykeria, Gleeson, Yvonne, Nunag, Annalyn, Berrill, James, Stroud, Natalie, Pothecary, Carla, Roche, Lisa, Turner, Keri, Deering, Lisa, Israel, Lynda, Baker, Evelyn, Nash, Maxine, Fagbemi, Andrew, Jennings, Felicia, Mayor, Imelda, Wilson, Jill, Wheeler, Alice, Phillips, Nicola, Gordon, John, Levell, Emma, Zagalo, Silvia, Hoad, Ina, Anil, Bindu, Russell, Richard, Henderson, Paul, Millar, Margaret, Alexakis, Christopher, Michalak, Natalia, Marriott, Cheryl, Stone, Sarah, Pristopan, Veronika, Saunders, John, Burton, Helen, Cambridge, Vanessa, Clark, Tonia, Ekblad, Charlotte, Hierons, Sarah, Katebe, Joyce, Saunsbury, Emma, Perry, Rachel, Brookes, Matthew, Davies, Kathryn, Green, Marie, Plumbe, Ann, Ormerod, Clare, Christensen, Helen, Howlett, Hannah, Keen, Anne, Ogor, Jonathan, Greenhaigh, Marie, Knowles, Karen, Yin, Shanzi, Poulaka, Maria, Anthony, Alpha, Newitt, Emily, Trim, Fiona, Casey, Ruth, Seymour, Katherine, Reed, Catherine, Joy, Lijo, Fogden, Edward, Russell, Kalisha, Hussain, Samia, Phillips, Anne, Abdulla, Muaad, Butterworth, Jeff, Adams, Colene, Carnahan, Mandy, Buckingham, Elizabeth, Childs, Danielle, Magness, Alison, Stickley, Jo, Motherwell, Nichola, Tonks, Louise, Gibson, Hannah, Wistance, Kate, Thomas, Caradog, Brinkworth, Elaine, Connor, Lynda, Cook, Amanda, Rees, Tabitha, Harford, Rachel, Farley, Sean, Jones, Marie, Wesley, Emma, Moss, Alison, Lucas, Jacob, Lorimer, Claire, Oleary, Maria, Dixon, Maxine, Goodchild, Fiona, Twenlow, Rebecca, Pawley, Corinne, Ramadas, Arvind, Tregonning, Julie, Okeke, Olaku, Jackson, Wendy, Koumoutsos, Ioannis, George, Viji, Kunhunny, Swapna, Laverick, Sophie, Anderson, Isla, Smith, Sophie, Joyce, Joan, Janarthan, Sarala, Patel, Kamal, Ali, Mariam, Mhandu, Hilda, Rana, Aleem, Spears, Katherine, Teixeira, Joana, Mencias, Mark, Seaward, Abigail, Sousa, Jessica, Said, Nooria, Soomaroo, Mark, Raspa, Valentina, Tacouri, Asha, Reps, Nicholas, Martin, Rebecca, Samakomva, Tinashe, Selinger, Christian, Carbonell, Jenelyn, Onovira, Felicia, Quartey, Doris, L'Anson, Alice, Ashworth, Andrew, Bailey, Jessica, Dunn, Angie, Bespaloi, Gjuzel, Rasalan, Harold, Mahmood, Zahid, Campbell, Racheal, Marsh, Liane, Coughlan, Tricia, Jafar, Wisam, Marrs, Janet, McPheat, Christopher, Rahman, Monira, Davies, Sarah, Habibi, Ruth, Jessup-Dunton, Ellen, Joefield, Teishel, Layug, Reina, Patel, Vinod, Vere, Joanne, Turner, Victoria, Kilroy, Susan, Coulding, Martina, Clark, Martyn, McCormick, Jacqueline, Nisar, Attiya, Walker, Gareth, Atkins, Stacey, Growdon, Jasmine, George, Becky, McNeill, Charlotte, Reed, Bryony, Foulds, Angela, Marshall, Catherine, Allison, Michele, Dillon, Briony, Cooney, Rachel, Bennett, Lillie, Bowlas, Louise, Shariff, Sharafaath, Fraser, Aileen, Punnette, Dwayne, Lambert, Rebecca, Bishop-Hurman, Charlotte, Undrell, Elizabeth, Belfield, Katherine, Din, Said, Addleton, Catherine, Appleby, Marie, Brown, Johanna, Holding, Kathleen, Fraser, Catherine, Birkenshaw, Janice, Williams, Jodie, Maulion, Kamille, Lane, Meg, Kravale, Arita, Smith, Claud, Hooper, Patricia, deCaestecker, John, Watchorn, Olivia, Clarke, Ellie, Hayward, Chris, Inniss, Susan, Pritchard, Lucy, Rudge, Karen, Carney, Amanda, Griffee, Sarah, Andreyev, Jervoise, Babu, Sathish, Hayhurst, Caroline, Lockwood, Carol, Osborne, Lynn, Roper, Amanda, Warner, Karen, Hindle, Julia, Lawrence, Tara, Netherton, Kimberley, Watt, Caroline, Szymiczek, Kinga, Mehta, Shameer, Bell, James, Blad, William, Whitley, Lisa, Jastrub, Roman, Durai, Dhamaraj, Baker, Mark, John Sivamurugan, Elizabeth, Evans, Mim, Cummings, Fraser, Harris, Clare, Jones, Amy, Krauze, Liga, Rahmany, Sohail, Earl, Michelle, Vowles, Jenny, Torokwa, Audrey, Petrova, Mirela, Procter, Andrew, Stanley, Jo, Silvamoniz, Claudia, Bettey, Marion, Wahid, Amar, Morrison, Zoe, Thomas-Turner, Rhian, Yendle, Louise, Muller, Jennifer, Mitchell, Marcus, Kirkwood, John, Barnes, Anna, Chaudhary, Rakesh, Claridge, Melanie, Ellis, Chiara, Kemp, Cheryl, Tobi, Ogwa, Milton, Jentus, Johnston, Emma, Oblak, Metod, Winpenny, Carmen, Svensson, Marie-Louise, Godden, Jo, Ashhar, Marium, Alexander, Debbie, Covil, Kate, Derikx, Lauranne, Siakavellas, Sryros, Baxter, Helen, Robertson, Scott, Smith, Linda, Poulose, Beena, Colemam, Anne, Balint, Margareta, Rhys-Jones, Gareth, Watters, Helen, Begg, Susan, Grosalcalde, Beatriz, Coyle, Judy, Johns, Kerrie, Hughes, Rachel, Phipps, Janet, Taylor, Abigail, MacPhee, Catherine, Brooks, Suzanne, John, Jolene, Edwards, Michelle, Smith, Katie, Howard, Linda, Wood, Dianne, Muddu, Ajay, Barman, Laura, Mallinson, Janine, Neale, Tania, Ionita, Diana, Elliot, Kerry, Turnball, Alison, Thomas, Iola, Thomas, Alice, Andrews, Kelly, Sutton, Jonathon, Mulvaney Jones, Caroline, Roberts, Julia, and Bishop, Jeannie

Abstract

Anti-TNF drugs, such as infliximab, are associated with attenuated antibody responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We aimed to determine how the anti-TNF drug infliximab and the anti-integrin drug vedolizumab affect vaccine-induced neutralising antibodies against highly transmissible omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.1, and BA.4 and BA.5 (hereafter BA.4/5) SARS-CoV-2 variants, which possess the ability to evade host immunity and, together with emerging sublineages, are now the dominating variants causing current waves of infection.

Published
2023
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6. Iron Deficiency and the Cognitive and Psychomotor Development of Children: A Pilot Study with Institutionalized Children.

Author

Driva, A.

Abstract

Describes a pilot study, involving 48 institutionalized infants and toddlers, which aimed to treat iron deficiency anemia and to discover other factors contributing to the problem. Results indicate improvement in cognitive development after the administration of iron among three groups, while no significant differences were observed in psychomotor development. (DST)

Published
1985

7. Start-up and relaxation of well-characterized comb polymers in simple shear

Author

Snijkers, F. Vlassopoulos, D. Lee, H. Yang, J. Chang, T. Driva, P. Hadjichristidis, N.

Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

We report on the shear flow start-up and the relaxation upon flow cessation of anionically synthesized comb polymers of different chemistries. The experimental data, obtained with a cone partitioned-plate geometry in order to avoid artifacts, showed that the start-up shear flow of combs exhibits systematic dependencies on the branching structure. They were interpreted by invoking dynamic dilution and hierarchical relaxation, which are known to control the linear viscoelastic response. For all combs studied here, the backbones remained entangled after dynamic dilution due to branch relaxation. We combined the important molecular parameters (i.e., the number and molar mass of the branches) into a single parameter, the number of entanglements of the dynamically diluted backbone, ZBBDIL., which we found to be the main scaling parameter for the observed nonlinear flow behavior. The steady viscosities as function of Weissenberg number were less shear-thinning compared to linear analogues, and the higher the amount of branching, the less thinning they became, reflecting a broader relaxation spectrum, and being consistent with the behavior of commercial branched polymers. The strain at maximum viscosity was higher for combs in comparison to linear polymers, a finding attributed to nonlinear hierarchical relaxation. The maximum in viscosity (scaled with steady viscosity) became lower with increased degree of branching due to the action of dynamic dilution. The viscosity peaks became broader for combs with an increased degree of branching, which is again a reflection of a broader relaxation spectrum. The initial relaxation rate upon cessation of steady shear increased with shear rate and seemed to reflect the loss of entanglements of combs in steady shear due to the action of convective constraint release. The relaxation was found to be independent of branching structure, suggesting that for the time ranges considered here, the loss of orientation of the backbones scales with the longest relaxation time, and is hence an effect of linear relaxation mechanisms (i.e., mainly reptation of the backbone). © 2013 The Society of Rheology.

Published
2013

8. Microscopic relaxation processes in branched-linear polymer blends by rheo-SANS

Author

Ruocco, N. Dahbi, L. Driva, P. Hadjichristidis, N. Allgaier, J. Radulescu, A. Sharp, M. Lindner, P. Straube, E. Pyckhout-Hintzen, W. Richter, D.

Abstract

The relaxation time spectrum in blends of architecturally different polymers with strongly disperse time scales has been investigated by their time-dependent small angle neutron scattering signal after a fast uniaxial step strain. Model-hyperbranched dendrimeric polymers of second generation, dilutely dispersed within linear homopolymer matrices, acted like sensitive probes for structurally, though not firmly, established features of the tube model for bidisperse melts. We showed that the equilibration time of the linear matrix determines the size of the fluctuations that the outer and inner arms experience. Within a random phase approximation (RPA) treatment, which accounts for the different degrees of freedom inherent to the broad time scales, the observed loss of anisotropy with time was described in terms of two parameters only, namely the tube diameter and the fraction of relaxed arms of the minority component. The scattering data reveal details of mechanisms, which cannot be extracted from but determine the macroscopic flow properties. At intermediate times, a tube relaxation process was detected. At long times, the dynamic dilution model is confirmed. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

Published
2013

9. Uniaxial extensional rheology of well-characterized comb polymers

Author

Lentzakis, H. Vlassopoulos, D. Read, D.J. Lee, H. Chang, T. Driva, P. Hadjichristidis, N.

Abstract

We present a detailed systematic investigation of the transient uniaxial extensional response of a series of well-characterized, anionically synthesized comb polystyrenes and polyisoprenes. The comb architecture consists of a linear chain backbone with multiple branches of equal molar mass, and represents an excellent model branched polymer. The linear viscoelastic response has been studied already in great detail. Our results indicate that the strain hardening becomes more important as the Hencky strain rate is increased. In general, the larger the number of entanglements of the segments between branches and/or of the branches, the stronger the strain hardening and the smaller the characteristic rate for its onset. The key molecular parameter appears to be the number of entanglements per branch. By varying it, one can tailor the amount and onset of strain hardening. This can be rationalized by accounting for the combined effect of backbone tube dilation and extra friction, brought about by the branches. In fact, we define an effective "stretch time" of the comb as the timescale for stretch relaxation along the dilated backbone tube when accounting for the large friction that comes from the branches and suggest that extension hardening occurs at rates equal to or greater than its inverse. The good comparison of this prediction to experimental data is a promising guide toward a universal framework for understanding the effects of branches on extensional rheology, and hence providing some insight into the behavior of long-chain branched polyolefins. © 2013 The Society of Rheology.

Published
2013

11. Microscopic Relaxation Processes in Branched-Linear Polymer Blends by Rheo-SANS

Author

Ruocco, N., Dahbi, L., Driva, P., Hadjichristidis, N., Allgaier, J., Radulescu, A., Sharp, M., Lindner, P., Straube, E., Pyckhout-Hintzen, W., and Richter, D.

Abstract

The relaxation time spectrum in blends of architecturally different polymers with strongly disperse time scales has been investigated by their time-dependent small angle neutron scattering signal after a fast uniaxial step strain. Model-hyperbranched dendrimeric polymers of second generation, dilutely dispersed within linear homopolymer matrices, acted like sensitive probes for structurally, though not firmly, established features of the tube model for bidisperse melts. We showed that the equilibration time of the linear matrix determines the size of the fluctuations that the outer and inner arms experience. Within a random phase approximation (RPA) treatment, which accounts for the different degrees of freedom inherent to the broad time scales, the observed loss of anisotropy with time was described in terms of two parameters only, namely the tube diameter and the fraction of relaxed arms of the minority component. The scattering data reveal details of mechanisms, which cannot be extracted from but determine the macroscopic flow properties. At intermediate times, a tube relaxation process was detected. At long times, the dynamic dilution model is confirmed.

Published
2024
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12. Radical copolymerization of 2-vinyl pyridine and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylates: Monomer reactivity ratios and thermal properties

Author

Driva, P. Bexis, P. Pitsikalis, M.

Abstract

Statistical copolymers of 2-vinylpyridine (VP) with oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylates of two different molecular weights (300 g/mol (OEGMA300) and 1100 g/mol (OEGMA1100)), were prepared by free radical polymerization. The reactivity ratios of these two sets of monomers were estimated using the Finemann-Ross, the inverted Finemann-Ross and the Kelen-Tüdos graphical methods. Structural parameters of the copolymers were obtained by calculating the dyad monomer sequence fractions and the mean sequence length. The effect of the length of the oligo(ethylene glycol) group on the copolymer structure is discussed. The glass-transition temperature (T g) values of the VP copolymers with OEGMA300 were measured and examined in the frame of several theoretical equations, allowing the prediction of these Tg values. The copolymers of VP with OEGMA 1100 exhibited the characteristic melting endotherm, due to the crystallinity of the methacrylate sequences and glass transition temperatures attributed to the PVP sequences. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2011

13. Stress relaxation of comb polymers with short branches

Author

Kirkwood, K.M. Gary Leal, L. Vlassopoulos, D. Driva, P. Hadjichristidis, N.

Abstract

We measured the linear and nonlinear rheology of model polyisoprene comb polymers with a moderate number (5-18) of short (marginally entangled to unentangled) branches and highly entangled backbones. The hierarchical modes of relaxation were found to govern both the linear and nonlinear response. Appropriate modification of tube-model theory for entangled branches, inspired by recent work on asymmetric star polymers (where the short branch behaves as effectively larger on small time scales), provided a framework for quantitative predictions of the linear viscoelastic spectra. The extended nonlinear stress relaxation data over a wide time range (via time-temperature superposition) obeys time-strain separability and allows extraction of two damping functions: one for the branches at short times and one for the diluted backbone at long times. Both exhibit signatures of the comb architecture. The comb damping function at short times, shifted relative to the branch relaxation, is dominated by the retraction of branches and backbone end segments. The backbone damping function is rationalized by considering it as a linear chain that feels a smaller effective strain due to the prior branch relaxation. © 2009 American Chemical Society.

Published
2009

14. Damping behavior of entangled comb polymers: Experiment

Author

Lee, J.H. Driva, P. Hadjichristidis, N. Wright, P.J. Rucker, S.P. Lohse, D.J.

Abstract

The stress relaxation dynamics of entangled polyisoprene comb polymers were investigated, specifically under nonlinear step deformations, in order to identify the damping mechanism characteristic of comb topology. The damping behavior of two different comb polymers with branches of two and four entanglement lengths clearly exhibited less strain softening (type B) above the universal Doi Edwards damping function at all strains. However, the corresponding damping functions gradually approached the universal Doi Edwards damping function with increasing observation time. The observed type B behavior was clearly different from that of H-shaped/multibranch and dendritic star polymers exhibiting a novel damping transition from type B toward the universal Doi Edwards damping function (i.e., the branch-point withdrawal motion). These results support the proposal that the damping mechanism for combs is due to the gradual stretching and retracting motions caused by branches at the multiple branch points along the comb backbone. © 2009 American Chemical Society.

Published
2009

15. Well-defined complex macromolecular architectures by anionic polymerization of styrenic single and double homo/miktoarm star-tailed macromonomers

Author

Driva, P. Lohse, D.J. Hadjichristidis, N.

Abstract

Styrenic single and double star-tailed macromonomers were synthesized by selective reaction of living homo/miktoarm stars with the chlorosilane groups of 4-(chlorodimethylsilyl)- and 4-(dichloromethylsilyl)styrene, respectively. The in situ anionic homopolymerization of macromonomers with sec-BuLi and copolymerization with butadiene and styrene, led to single/double homo/miktoarm star-tailed molecular brushes and combs, as well as a block copolymer consisting of a linear polystyrene chain and a double miktoarm (PBd/PS) star-tailed brush-like block. Molecular characterization by size exclusion chromatography, size exclusion chromatography/two-angle laser light scattering, and NMR spectroscopy, revealed the high molecular/compositional homogeneity of all intermediate and final products. These are only a few examples of the plethora of complex architectures possible using the above macromonomers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2008

19. Graft Copolymers

Author

Hadjichristidis, N., primary, Pitsikalis, M., additional, Iatrou, H., additional, Driva, P., additional, Chatzichristidi, M., additional, Sakellariou, G., additional, and Lohse, D., additional

Published
2010
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20. Functional electrical stimulation of peripheral muscles improves endothelial function and clinical and emotional status in heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.

Author

Karavidas, Apostolos, Driva, Metaxia, Parissis, John T., Farmakis, Dimitrios, Mantzaraki, Vassiliki, Varounis, Christos, Paraskevaidis, Ioannis, Ikonomidis, Ignatios, Pirgakis, Vlassios, Anastasiou-Nana, Maria, and Filippatos, Gerasimos

Abstract

Background: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) improves exercise capacity, quality of life, emotional stress, and endothelial function in chronic heart failure with impaired systolic function. We sought to investigate the effects of FES on the above parameters in patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods: Thirty HFpEF patients, 18 female and 12 male, aged 69 ± 8 years, in New York Heart Association class II or III and with mean ejection fraction 63% ± 6%, were randomly (1:1) assigned to a 6-week FES program or placebo. Assessment was performed at baseline and after completion of training protocol and included 6-minute walked distance, quality of life (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire), depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory and Zung self-rated depression scores), B-type natriuretic peptide, endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation), and left ventricular diastolic function. Results: A significant improvement in 6-minute walked distance (F = 21.61, P = .001), Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire summary (F = 8.68, P = .006), Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (F = 6.43, P = .017), Beck Depression Inventory (F = 6.66, P = .015), Zung (F = 6.25, P = .019), and flow-mediated dilatation diameter (F = 11.98, P = .002) was observed in the FES group compared with placebo group; B-type natriuretic peptide also declined but not significantly (F = 0.249, P = .622), and there was a tendency toward lower mitral E/e’ wave ratio (F = 3.066, P = .091). Conclusion: As in heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, FES also improves exercise capacity, quality of life, emotional status, and endothelial function in HFpEF. Given the lack of effective evidence-based therapies in these patients, FES warrants further investigation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2013
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21. Effect of Macromolecular Architecture on the Morphologyof Polystyrene–Polyisoprene Block Copolymers.

Author

Dyer, C., Driva, P., Sides, S. W., Sumpter, B. G., Mays, J. W., Chen, J., Kumar, R., Goswami, M., and Dadmun, M. D.

Subjects
*BLOCK copolymers, *POLYSTYRENE, *POLYISOPRENE, *CONFORMATIONAL analysis, *SCIENTIFIC observation, *MACROMOLECULES
Abstract

The impact of block connectivityon the morphologies of four blockcopolymers of varying architecture containing polystyrene (PS) andpolyisoprene (PI) has been studied. The volume fraction of PS andmolecular weight are held constant while varying the architecturefrom a linear PS–PI diblock copolymer to three different miktoarmstar architectures: PS2PI, PSPI2, and PS2PI2. Morphologies of the PS2PI and PSPI2miktoarm stars are different from those observed for thelinear copolymer and dependent on the connectivity of the copolymerblocks. The change in morphology with connectivity indicates thatcombining two chains at a junction point leads to chain crowding,where subsequent excluded volume effects drive the change in morphologyfor each sample. The PS2PI2miktoarm star exhibitsthe same morphology as the linear diblock but with a reduction inthe size of the domains. The extent of the decrease in domain sizeindicates that chain stretching impacts the formation of this morphology.Experimentally observed morphologies for different chain architecturesare generally consistent with three-dimensional self-consistent-fieldtheory simulations, taking into account conformational asymmetry andexperimental uncertainty in the copolymer composition. Furthermore,these results generally agree with analytical theory predictions thataccount for architectural and conformational asymmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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23. Cardioprotective Role of Remote Ischemic Periconditioning in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Enhancement by Opioid Action.

Author

Rentoukas, Ilias, Giannopoulos, Georgios, Kaoukis, Andreas, Kossyvakis, Charalampos, Raisakis, Konstantinos, Driva, Metaxia, Panagopoulou, Vasiliki, Tsarouchas, Konstantinos, Vavetsi, Sofia, Pyrgakis, Vlasios, and Deftereos, Spyridon

Subjects
CORONARY heart disease treatment, ANGIOPLASTY, MYOCARDIAL infarction, MORPHINE, THERAPEUTICS, REPERFUSION injury, NALOXONE, OPIOID receptors
Abstract

Objectives: We sought to determine the potential of remote ischemic periconditioning (RIPC), and its combination with morphine, to reduce reperfusion injury in primary percutaneous coronary interventions. Background: Remote ischemic post-conditioning is implemented by applying cycles of ischemia and reperfusion on a remote organ, which result in release of circulating factors inducing the effects of post-conditioning on the myocardium. Methods: A total of 96 patients (59 men) were enrolled. The patients were randomized to groups as follows: 33 to each treatment group (Group A: RIPC; Group B: RIPC and morphine) and 30 to the control group (Group C). Measures of efficacy were achievement of full ST-segment resolution (primary), and reduction of ST-segment deviation score and peak troponin I during hospitalization. Results: A higher proportion of patients in Groups A (73%) and B (82%) achieved full ST-segment resolution after percutaneous coronary intervention, compared with control patients (53%) (p = 0.045). Peak troponin I was lowest in Group B, 103.3 ± 13.3 ng/ml, in comparison to peak levels in Group A, 166.0 ± 28.0 ng/ml, and the control group, 255.5 ± 35.5 ng/ml (p = 0.0006). ST-segment deviation resolution was 87.3 ± 2.7% in Group B, compared with 69.9 ± 5.1% in Group A and 53.2 ± 6.4% in the control group (p = 0.00002). In paired comparisons between groups, Group B did better than the control group in terms of both ST-segment reduction (p = 0.0001) and peak troponin I (p = 0.004), whereas Group A differences from the control group did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.054 and p = 0.062, respectively). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate a cardioprotective effect of RIPC and morphine during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for the prevention of reperfusion injury. This is in agreement with observations that the beneficial effect of RIPC is inhibited by the opioid receptor blocker naloxone. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2010
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28. Anionic homo‐ and copolymerization of double‐tailed macromonomers: A route to novel macromolecular architectures

Author

Driva, Paraskevi, Iatrou, Hermis, Lohse, David J., and Hadjichristidis, Nikos

Abstract

The synthesis of model linear and star double‐comb polybutadienes, as well as molecular double‐brush polybutadienes, with two tails emanating from each branch point, is presented. The synthetic approach involves (1) the selective reaction of living polybutadienes with the two chlorines of 4‐(dichloromethylsilyl)styrene to make double‐tailed macromonomers and (2) the homopolymerization or copolymerization of the double‐tailed macromonomer, in situ without isolation, to produce the double brushes and double combs, respectively. The star double comb was synthesized by the reaction of living double‐comb polybutadiene with trichloromethylsilane. Characterization carried out by size exclusion chromatography, with differential refractometer and light scattering detectors, indicated that the synthesized polybutadienes had a high degree of molecular and structural homogeneity. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 4070–4078, 2005

Published
2005
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30. A-β-lipoproteinemia

Author

Triantafillidis, John K., Kottaras, George, Sgourous, Sotirios, Cheracakis, Petros, Driva, Giola, Konstantellou, Evangelia, Parasi, Aikaterini, Choremi, Helen, and Samouilidou, Elisa

Abstract

We describe the clinicoepidemiologic features, natural history, and therapeutic manipulations in three Greek patients with A-β-lipoproteinemia (two brothers aged 15 and 29 years, respectively, and one sister aged 30 years). Diarrhea started in infancy in the two brothers and from the age of 13 in the sister. During the second decade of life, central nervous system symptoms became prominent, with fatigue and disturbance in gait and balance. Night blindness developed at a later phase of the disease in the brothers, whereas cavus developed in both legs in the sister. Apolipoprotein B was absent in all patients, and each had more than 50% of acanthocytes present on peripheral smear.

Published
1998

31. A framework for product development performance metrics

Author

Driva, Helen, Pawar, Kulwant S., and Menon, Unny

Abstract

This paper explores the question; "how do companies know that they are making effective use of their product design and development function?" Research carried out at the University of Nottingham over the last three years has led to the development of the Performance Measurement for Product Development (PMPD) methodology. This consists of a practical implementation framework and a workbook to enable managers to use performance measures to improve decision-making during the product development process. The investigative part of the research was carried out by following a longitudinal case study approach with sustained participation in the organisation. This was supplemented by follow-up cases, together with results from surveys to academics and industrialists (in the UK and overseas). Through analysis of this data it became clear that there are a number of principles surrounding performance measurement for product development. These were grouped into system-related and metrics-related principles. This paper documents the development of the PMPD Methodology and includes results from preliminary trials.

Published
1999

32. The development of a generic framework for the implementation of concurrent engineering

Author

Driva, Helen and Pawar, Kulwant S.

Abstract

Implementing CE successfully requires a huge cultural change in an organisation. This paper presents a generic concurrent engineering (CE) implementation support framework, how it was derived and why the PACE project consortium considers that it encapsulates the pertinent issues of change towards CE. PACE - a 'Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering' - is an EC project consisting of a pan–European consortium. Its aim is to provide an holistic technology transfer infrastructure enabling the effective change and improvement of present engineering practices towards CE principles. The methodology behind it is generic, but designed to be adaptable to specific company needs. It is especially aimed at showing how to implement CE in an ordinary company i.e. not using a 'super–motivated' project team. It is based on the steps of change management in the specific context of CE and provides a structure for implementation, drawing on literature and experiences of the project's industrial partners.

Published
1996
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34. Hyperthyroidism and the heart.

Author

Panagoulis C, Halapas A, Chariatis E, Driva P, and Matsakas E

Subjects
Cardiovascular Diseases physiopathology, Heart Diseases etiology, Heart Diseases physiopathology, Hemodynamics, Humans, Hyperthyroidism diagnosis, Hyperthyroidism physiopathology, Thyroid Hormones physiology, Cardiovascular Diseases etiology, Hyperthyroidism complications
Published
2008

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