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It is difficult to design a new single‐component photocatalyst to simultaneously possess a bandgap small enough to absorb most of sunlight and strong redox ability to reduce CO2 into value‐added chemical fuels. Herein, bandgap engineering of nickel vanadate compounds (NixV2O5+x, x = 1, 2, 3) is rationally designed to overcome the above challenge. Through changing the Ni:V ratio, the bandgap and band edge positions of nickel vanadates can be regulated, enabling Ni2V2O7 and Ni3V2O8 to reduce CO2 in the presence of water under visible light irradiation that do not exist in NiV2O6. Ni 3d orbitals of Ni2V2O7 and Ni3V2O8 replace V 3d orbitals of NiV2O6 and hybridize with O 2p orbitals to form the valence band maximums, resulting in their negative shifts. Meanwhile, the relatively weaker effect of the crystal field in VO4 tetrahedron over Ni2V2O7 and Ni3V2O8 results in less V 3d split, thus making the conduction band edges to shift upward. In addition, higher concentration of oxygen vacancies over Ni2V2O7 can further enhance its photocatalytic activity for CO2 conversion into CO with nearly 100% selectivity by prolonging the lifetime of photogenerated carriers and improving the chemisorption of CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is extremely rare in the early stage of undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Patients with POI find it difficult to achieve successful pregnancy and delivery., Case Presentation: A 27-year-old female visited an outpatient department for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and infertility. She had regular menstrual periods since she was 14 years old and had no history of systemic disease. Laboratory tests showed low estrogen (15 ng/L, range 19.6-144.2 ng/L), elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (34 U/L), low anti-Mullerian hormone (0.1 μg/L), normal prolactin (11.48 ng/mL), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (0.97 mU/L). She demonstrated smaller bilateral ovarian volume and positivity to antinuclear and antiphospholipid antibodies. After the failure of conventional drug therapy and in vitro fertilization, the patient became pregnant naturally after treatment with glucocorticoids., Conclusion: Immunosuppression could help improve ovarian function and pregnancy outcomes in POI patients, but the therapeutic mechanisms are not clear and should be elucidated with more clinical studies., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Background and Objectives: This study investigated the relative incidence of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) and long-term outcomes between iso-osmolar contrast media (IOCM) and low-osmolar contrast media (LOCM) undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)., Methods: A total of 9,431 patients receiving elective PCI were enrolled in the cohort. The patients were divided into IOCM group and LOCM group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to minimize the selection bias between groups., Results: The multivariate analysis showed that the use of IOCM compared with LOCM did not affect the CIN incidence (odds ratio [OR], 0.912; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.576-1.446; p=0.696). After PSM, the incidence of CIN was 1.5% and 4.0% in IOCM group (n=979) and LOCM group (n=979), respectively, p=0.001. IOCM significantly reduced the incidence of CIN compared with LOCM (OR, 0.393; 95% CI, 0.214-0.722; p=0.003). After 2 years of follow-up, the all-cause mortality was higher in IOCM group than LOCM group (2.1% vs. 0.9%, p<0.001). Cox regression analysis showed IOCM was not independent risk factor of 2-years all-cause mortality (OR, 0.849; 95% CI, 0.510-1.412; p=0.528). After PSM, the difference of all-cause death between groups disappeared (1.7% vs. 1.9%, p=0.739). Cox regression analysis showed that the use of IOCM compared with LOCM did not affect the incidence of 2-year all-cause mortality (OR, 1.037; 95% CI, 0.534-2.014; p=0.915)., Conclusions: Compared with LOCM, IOCM significantly reduced the incidence of CIN after elective PCI, but had no significant effect on 2-year all-cause mortality., Competing Interests: The authors have no financial conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2021. The Korean Society of Cardiology.)

Background: Even though the immune factor is not yet established as a cause of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), tons of other studies have shown that a significant proportion of immune abnormalities exist in RPL., Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with 850 women who were diagnosed with RPL. The percentages of CD3 + , CD3 + CD4 + and CD3 + CD8 + T cells of each participant, detected by flow cytometry, were obtained before pregnancy and at 6 weeks of gestation as part of their routine medical examination., Results: Peripheral blood CD3 + T cells prior to pregnancy (at baseline), increased significantly in women who had a miscarriage compared with the subsequent live birth group. Moreover, the percentage of CD3 + and CD3 + CD4 + T cells during pregnancy increased significantly as compared with the baseline level. After adjusting for potential confounders, the multiple regression equation showed that the CD3 + T cells <67.84% was associated with the risk of miscarriage (OR 1.05, 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.11, p = .04). Additionally, a nonlinear relationship was observed between the percentage of CD3 + T cells and the risk of miscarriage., Conclusions: The risk of miscarriage increased as the percentage of population with CD3+ value below 67.84% has increased, nevertheless, the miscarriage risk did not increase further when the level of CD3 + T cells was >67.84%., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)