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This paper focuses on the topic of renewable energy integration and carbon neutrality green technology innovation based on intelligent microgrid and focuses on the design and optimization of intelligent microgrid control to improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy and achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. In this paper, the hardware structure of the microgrid is designed, and the solar, wind and biomass power generation systems are integrated, and the battery energy storage and supercapacitor energy storage systems are optimized. Subsequently, a complete software control system was developed, and based on the application of big data processing and machine learning technology, the intelligent management of the microgrid was realized. Then, based on the research of intelligent control strategy and optimization algorithm, the overall response speed and operation efficiency of the system were improved, and a simulation platform was built to achieve effective simulation experiments, and then the efficiency and stability of the system were verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are inconsistencies when concomitantly using dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) to evaluate diagnostic efficiency. Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of perfusion-related parameters in assessing the effect of Combretastatin-A4-phosphate (CA4P) in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model using DCE and IVIM. Material and Methods: Twenty rabbits implanted with VX2 tumors were included in the study. The perfusion-parameters of DCE (K trans and iAUC60) and IVIM (f and D*) were measured at baseline and 4 h after administration of CA4P. Subsequently, the rabbits were euthanized. Pre- and post-treatment perfusion parameters were analyzed using paired t-test. Correlation between the various perfusion parameters and correlation of perfusion parameters with microvascular density (MVD) were assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. The diagnostic efficiency was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: All perfusion parameters (K trans, iAUC60, f and D*) showed significant decrease after 4 h of CA4P administration (all P < 0.001). Post-treatment perfusion parameters showed a moderate correlation with MVD (r = 0.663, r = 0.567, r = 0.685, r = 0.618, respectively; all P < 0.05). At baseline and after treatment, K trans values and iAUC60 showed correlation with f and D* (all P < 0.05). Concomitant use of perfusion parameters of DCE and IVIM showed the best diagnostic performance, which was slightly greater than that observed with individual application of DCE or IVIM (AUC = 0.915, 0.880, and 0.895, respectively). Conclusion: Although concomitant application of DCE and IVIM can slightly improve the diagnostic value in assessing the effect of CA4P, the values were relatively small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The present work aims to evaluate whether dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) can monitor non-invasively the blocking effect on microvessels of the Combretastatin-A4-phosphate (CA4P) and assess the therapeutic efficacy.Methods: Forty rabbits were implanted the VX2 tumors specimens. Two weeks later, serial MRI (T1 weighted image, T2 weighted image and DCE) were performed at 0 h, 4 h, 24 h, 3 d and 7 d after CA4P (10 mg/kg) or saline treatment. The parameters of DCE (Ktrans, Kep, Ve and iAUC60) of enhancement tumor portions were measured. Then all the tumor samples were stained to count microvessel density (MVD). At last, two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the difference between and within groups. The correlation between the Ktrans, Kep, Ve, iAUC60 and MVD was analyzed by using the Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman's rank correlation.Results: The Ktrans and iAUC60 in the CA4P group were lower than the values of the control group at 4 h after treatment, which have significant differences (D-value: -0.133 min-1, 95%CI: -0.169~-0.097 min-1，F = 59.109, p < 0.001 for Ktrans; D-value: -10.533 mmol/sec, 95%CI: -17.147~-3.919 mmol/sec，F = 11.110, and p = 0.003 for iAUC60). In the CA4P group, the Ktrans and iAUC60 reached the minimum values at 4 h. There were significant differences between 4 h and other different time points of the Ktrans and iAUC60 in the treatment group (all p < 0.01). The parameters Ktrans (r = 0.532, P = 0.016 and r = 0.681, P = 0.001, respectively) and iAUC60 (r = 0.580, P = 0.007 and r = 0.568, P = 0.009, respectively) of 7 days showed correlation with MVD in both groups, while Kep and Ve did not show correlation with MVD (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The blocking effect of microvessels after CA4P treatment can be evaluated by DCE-MRI, and the parameters of quantitative Ktrans and semi- quantitative iAUC60 can assess the change of the tumor angiogenesis noninvasively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of low-dose roxadustat combined with low-dose recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) for the treatment of renal anemia in hemodialysis patients., Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of hemodialysis patients with moderate renal anemia between December 2019 and July 2023 from two medical centers. Patients were classified into 3 groups: rhEPO (150 - 300 IU/kg/week), roxadustat (1.5 - 2.5 mg/kg thrice weekly), and combination therapy (low-dose (≤ 1.5 mg/kg thrice weekly) roxadustat in addition to low-dose (≤ 150 IU/kg per week) rhEPO. After 24 weeks of treatment, the efficacy therapeutic endpoints and the safety endpoints were evaluated., Results: Overall, a total of 158 patients were included: 53 in the rhEPO group, 52 in the roxadustat group, and 53 in the combination group. The median time to achieve Hb response in the combination therapy group was 20 days, which was shorter than that in the roxadustat group (20 vs. 25.5 days, log-rank p = 0.027) and the rhEPO group (20 vs. 27 days, log-rank p = 0.004). The mean rate of increase in Hb (g/L/month) during the first month of the treatment period was significantly greater in the combination group than in the roxadustat group (15.4 ± 4.7 vs. 11.1 ± 5.7, p = 0.038) or in the rhEPO group (15.4 ± 4.7 vs. 10.5 ± 4.3, p = 0.026). The incidence and frequency of adverse events were similar among the 3 groups., Conclusion: The combination of low-dose roxadustat and rhEPO appears to have better effects in treating hemodialysis patients with moderate anemia by shortening the hemoglobin response time with minimal adverse effects.

Objective: To explore the role and mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mediated by inflammatory stress-induced TGF- β 1 in promoting arteriovenous fistula stenosis., Methods: The inflammatory cells HK-2 were cultured by adding TGF- β 1. The optimal stimulation time was determined after TGF- β 1 was added. HK-2 cells were divided into two groups, DMEM/F12 medium was added to one group (the control group), and the other group was treated with TGF- β 1 (10 ng/ml) in serum-free DMEM/F12 medium to stimulate cell differentiation to mesenchymal., Results: TGF- β 1 was stably expressed after being transfected into EMT. The expression of TGF- β 1 in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05) 7 days after transfection. Western blot showed that TGF- β 1 protein expression was higher in the experimental group 7 days after transfection, and no TGF- β 1 protein expression was detected in the control group. The smooth muscle cells showed α -SMA expression in the control group, but no cells with expression of SMA and CD31/vWF were found at the same time; α -SMA expression was shown in smooth muscle cells and proliferative myofibroblasts, but no cells with expressions of SMA and CD31/vWF were found at the same time. The observation group showed that the expression of α -SMA was detected in smooth muscle cells and proliferative myofibroblasts, CD31/vWF was also expressed in endothelial cells, and α -SMA and vWF were also observed in endothelial cells, but no CD31 expression was found., Conclusion: The inflammatory stress-induced TGF- β 1 could act on epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promote the degree of arteriovenous fistula stenosis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Qingqing Duan et al.)

Purpose: The present work aims to evaluate whether dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) can monitor non-invasively the blocking effect on microvessels of the Combretastatin-A4-phosphate (CA4P) and assess the therapeutic efficacy., Methods: Forty rabbits were implanted the VX2 tumors specimens. Two weeks later, serial MRI (T1 weighted image, T2 weighted image and DCE) were performed at 0 h, 4 h, 24 h, 3 d and 7 d after CA4P (10 mg/kg) or saline treatment. The parameters of DCE (Ktrans, Kep, Ve and iAUC60) of enhancement tumor portions were measured. Then all the tumor samples were stained to count microvessel density (MVD). At last, two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the difference between and within groups. The correlation between the Ktrans, Kep, Ve, iAUC60 and MVD was analyzed by using the Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman's rank correlation., Results: The Ktrans and iAUC60 in the CA4P group were lower than the values of the control group at 4 h after treatment, which have significant differences (D-value: -0.133 min-1, 95%CI: -0.169~-0.097 min-1，F = 59.109, p < 0.001 for Ktrans; D-value: -10.533 mmol/sec, 95%CI: -17.147~-3.919 mmol/sec，F = 11.110, and p = 0.003 for iAUC60). In the CA4P group, the Ktrans and iAUC60 reached the minimum values at 4 h. There were significant differences between 4 h and other different time points of the Ktrans and iAUC60 in the treatment group (all p < 0.01). The parameters Ktrans (r = 0.532, P = 0.016 and r = 0.681, P = 0.001, respectively) and iAUC60 (r = 0.580, P = 0.007 and r = 0.568, P = 0.009, respectively) of 7 days showed correlation with MVD in both groups, while Kep and Ve did not show correlation with MVD (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The blocking effect of microvessels after CA4P treatment can be evaluated by DCE-MRI, and the parameters of quantitative Ktrans and semi- quantitative iAUC60 can assess the change of the tumor angiogenesis noninvasively.