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In the traditional food safety traceability systems, there are many problems such as lack of shared data, centralization and islanding of information storage. Since blockchain systems have the characteristics of decentralization, tamper-resistance, and trustworthiness, this paper proposes a food traceability system based on Hyperledger Fabric blockchain.Then Hyperledger Fabric was described in detail. The technical principles and characteristics of Hyperledger Fabric blockchain technology was clarified. Comprehensive practical use of food safety traceability system and detailed design of food traceability system based on Hyperledger Fabric blockchain were expounded. Finally, the food traceability system based on the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain was set up，and the related functional test and performance test of the system verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the plan properly.