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This study aims to present a theoretical discussion about the role of tourism in the expansion and spatial reorganization of capitalism in sun and beach destinations on the periphery of capitalism. To support the discussion, we use the concept of spatial solution, in addition to the concepts of extensive and concentrated urbanization to analyze the spaces of the tourist urbanization and the spaces known as “the other side of the road” or “the second city”. It is based on the argument that tourism is an efficient instrument in the geographical expansion of capitalism as it requires a complex process of urbanization for its development. It is considered that the double process of urbanization generated by tourism is directly related to the need for capital to profitably produce and absorb surpluses in its constant search for accumulation. Thus, the discourse of social benefit and poverty reduction vanishes through accumulation practices that extractively use all possible resources for profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the research presented here, the operations subsystem of the Juiz de Fora MG tourism supply chain (TCP) is analyzed regarding mainly management and logistics operation aspects. For this purpose, a theoretical literature review was carried out on main operations management, production administration, production planning and control (PPC) concepts as applied to tourism. For this purpose, a theoretical literature review of the main operations management, production administration, production planning and control (PPC) concepts as applied to tourism was carried out. The mixed quanti-qualitative research was based on a survey using intentional non-probabilistic sampling including 100 of the companies that take part in the tourism production chain of Juiz de Fora, complemented by qualitative data on the reasons for certain behaviors and practices within companies. The production chain was empirically mapped from its forming links (IPEA, 2010), namely accommodation and food services, travel agencies and cultural and transportation facilities. The results related to intra-organizational (operations management) and inter-organizational (chain logistics) aspects show that despite the average 3.6 million/year annual revenue per company, the sector still lacks inter-organizational integration, which suggests that figures could be significantly improved in a scenario of strategic and organizational integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mainstream of traditional economics assumes that the analyses of the economic relations is the individual, by the economic relationship among themselves (exchange) or by the economic relationship among individuals and things (production factors). Hardly the economical science takes assumptions about collectively organized individuals. In general, when it is done, it assumes that it is an effect of aggregate actions of isolated individuals, which means it lays on the grounds of methodological individualism. In microeconomics, for example, a statement about a group of individuals, a firm or a society, necessarily assumes that their actions are aggregate from the effects of individual optimizations, even if this requires very strict conditions for the individual beliefs and desires. This paper aims to present an alternative analytical framework to that paradigm, simultaneously compromised with a realist analysis and incorporating empirical and contextual elements allusive to human conduct. Positioning our emphasis in the mesosociological level of analysis, we argue that the analysis of collective action, informed by critical realism, could be an alternative to drive the study of economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]