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Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common neoplasm in men, with projections estimating over one million new cases by 2045. Differentially expressed genes can significantly enhance the diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and prognosis of this disease. Purpose: to systematically review and analyze validated differentially expressed mRNAs in prostate cancer patients to propose a robust molecular profile for clinical diagnostics. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, searching literature databases for mRNAs with validated differential expression in adult prostate cancer patients. Identified mRNAs were analyzed using STRING, Cytoscape, and DrugBank to explore protein–protein interactions and potential drug targets. Results: A total of 5003 participants from Europe, Asia, America, and Oceania were included, and 144 mRNAs (p < 0.05) were reported across 75 primary articles, predominantly validated using RT-qPCR with tissue samples. Among these, at least 36 mRNAs were identified as targets for cancer-related drugs. Enrichment analysis revealed the top pathways were associated with cancer, including specific prostate cancer terms. Key nodes emerged as hubs in the protein–protein interaction network. Conclusion: Based on our comprehensive in silico analysis of validated differentially expressed mRNAs, we propose a molecular profile of twenty-five mRNAs with significant potential for clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer. These findings offer a valuable foundation for developing precision oncology strategies to improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advancements in genetic sequencing techniques along with the identification of specific mutations and structural changes in multiple cancer genes, make it possible to identify circulating tumor cells and cell free nucleic acids as blood‐based biomarkers, serving as a liquid biopsy (LB) with great utility for the diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up of patients with neoplasms. This systematic review focuses on the clinical utility of LB in patients with breast cancer (BC). Articles published between 1990 and 2021 were included. Databases searched: Trip Database, WoS, EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Clinical Keys. Variables studied: Publication year, country, number of cases, primary study design, LB detection methods, genes found, overall survival, disease‐free survival, stage, response to treatment, clinical utility, BC molecular type, systemic treatment and methodological quality of primary studies. Of 2619 articles, 74 were retained representing 12 658 patients, mainly cohort studies (66.2%), the majority were from China (15%) and Japan (12.2%). All primary studies described clinical stage and type of systemic treatment used. Most used biomarker detection method: DNA (52.7%) and type of analysis: quantification of total cfDNA (35.1%). PIK3CA mutation was most frequent (62.9%). Evidence suggests clinically useful applications of BC. Though heterogeneous, publications suggest that LB will constitute part of the standard diagnostic‐therapeutic process of BC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequent primary tumour of the liver. Although often associated with chronic liver disease, it can also occur in non‐cirrhotic livers. The aim of this study was to describe post‐operative morbidity (POM), and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in non‐cirrhotic liver treated surgically, and to identify variables associated with prognosis. Methods: Case series of patients who underwent surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma in non‐cirrhotic liver at Clínica RedSalud Mayor de Temuco, Chile (2001–2017), were studied. The minimum follow‐up time considered was 12 months. Principal outcomes were development of POM and survival. Other variables of interest were age, sex, tumour diameter, surgical time, hospital stay, follow‐up time, need for surgical re‐intervention, mortality, vascular and lymph node invasion and staging. Descriptive and analytic statistics were calculated. Results: A total of 32 patients were studied. They were characterized by a mean age of 67.3 ± 7.2 years, 62.5% of whom were men. Averages of tumour diameter, surgical time and hospitalization were 12.0 ± 2.6 cm, 114.4 ± 32.3 min and 7.2 ± 2.9 days, respectively. POM was 31.3%. There was no mortality and there were no re‐interventions. The overall actuarial survival at 1, 2 and 3 years was 96.8%, 73.4% and 17.3%, respectively. Lower survival was verified in patients with vascular invasion, lymph node infiltration and stages III and IVa. Conclusion: Despite the tumour diameter and extent of the resections, POM in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in non‐cirrhotic liver is moderate. However, its prognosis is poor. Vascular invasion, lymph node invasion and advances stages were associated with worse survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]