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Reactive power optimization is one of the major problems of concern in smart grid (SG) environment. Although several techniques have been proposed for reactive power optimization, demand side management (DSM) plays a vital role in smart grid networks. The main idea of this work is to address reactive power optimization by developing a smart controller for DSM by effective monitoring of real power loss in the smart grid network. The proposed smart controller is developed by formulating the DSM as an optimization problem and obtaining its solution by applying elephant herd optimization–firefly (EHO–FF) evolutionary algorithm. Further, the proposed smart controller for DSM aims to meet the power demand and limit the power flow in transmission network by adding distributed generation (DGs) units at optimal locations. The proposed work aims to improve the energy efficiency and voltage profile in the power grid network when operating under different load scenarios. The benchmark IEEE 30 bus system consisting of 6 generating units, 41 transmission lines with total load of 283.4 MW and 126.2 MVAR is used as the test system in this work. The test system is subjected to varying load pattern for 24 h in a typical day. The performance of the proposed smart controller is evaluated on the bench mark IEEE 30 bus system through program code developed in MATLAB environment. The simulation results have proved that the proposed smart controller for DSM minimizes the power loss and improves the voltage profile significantly by incorporating DG units in optimal locations. The effectiveness of the EHO–FF algorithm is analyzed by comparing the results obtained with PSO and bAT algorithm.

This article describes the design of a wearable, remote inserted framework for the Peripheral Myopathy (PM) estimation in customary dynamic movements. This unique circumstance, the electromyographic investigation can give data about the muscle and nerve condition by evaluating the connected MFCV. The framework works with synchronized and digitized information tests from four electromyographic channels, which are situated on both hands of the individual test, misusing the rules given by an inserted positional filtering calculation. This work displays a novel approach for the assessment of MFCV that relies upon the excellent anode relative estimation standard. The system uses dynamic bitstream change of Electromyographic signs and low computational retort for utilization of bit stream cross-correlation. The structure totally chips away at Cyclone-V altera field programmable gate array. The test outcomes on five subjects (Human Beings) show the limit of the proposed procedure for planning the physiological muscle fibre conduction velocity values, as nitty–gritty in a therapeutic composition. In explicit, differentiating the remedial characteristics, obtained in controlled conditions, with the system evacuated muscle fibre conduction velocity, the proportionate preliminary conditions: preeminent bungle is, overall, 0.3 m/s. The framework restores a likelihood of invalid constant measures underneath of 2% (assuming the worst possible scenario).

The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images are difficult to interpret owing to the multiplicative speckle noise from coherent acquisition systems. Therefore, de-speckling of SAR images always plays a primary pre-processing task in SAR image processing. There are many methods using various spatial domain filters and transform domain algorithms which focus on speckle reduction but not all methods can preserve the image edge features. The article suggests a de-speckling algorithm via sparse representation using combined Shearlet Transform and DTCW transform which possess direction selectivity and shift invariant property. The experimental results, the suggested method has better PSNR, ENL, and EPI values than the existing state of art methods. The proposed methodology not only preserves the edges, also improves visual effect by enhancing the texture of SAR images.

In this modern manufacturing scenario cost effectiveness and environment friendly design of a production process plays a vital role. This article focuses towards the newer manufacturing technique 3D Printing (3DP) and its feasibility to implementation towards biomedical components. 3DP is technology which can create complex geometry into a solid model. This solid model is made up Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method which is a type of rapid prototyping method. In this study Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) is considered as an alternate to the existing material. PLA is a biodegradable polymer which possesses good strength and biodegradable property which is highly needed in production of newer components through 3DP. The study begins with creation of solid 3D model based on the ASTM standards to test the strength of the material using micro tensile testing and biodegradable test of component using landfill method. The results clearly shows that the strength of the test specimen is strongly satisfies which can be further used as any biomedical component as well as the land fill test of the specimen over a period of 30 days to 60 days shows good amount of weight reduction which is also a fine outcome of this research work. Another way to degrade PLA by using bacterial degradation such as Amycolatopsis coloradensis are able to degrade PLA. A purified protease from amycolatopsis sp., PLA depolymerise, can also degrade PLA.

The motivation behind this article is to demonstrate the precision and dependability of a Field Programmable Gate Array-based implementation of muscle fibre conduction velocity (MFCV) in customary unique constrictions. The framework, leveraging the DSP unit, acquires the bio signals from four different positions of the human body, including Radial Nerve, Ulnar nerve, Auxiliary Nerve, Median nerve. The information derived through Surface Electromyogram (EMG) Electrodes is depicted as a dynamic bitstreams of the signal. The latest bitstreams are subjected to an algorithm. The subjection corresponds to the correlation of the signals from similar muscle nerves, obtained through the EMG electrodes. The whole calculation framework completely works progressively on the Altera Cyclone-V FPGA. This method is better than finding the signal dependence using a silicon resonator due to its cost and tedious design of the sensors. The myoelectric (Electromyographic) signal is recorded by the electrodes set on the four different locations associated with 1550 unique contractions. The in-vivo estimations illustrate that below the equivalent trial states, in 10 test days, the framework uncovers an MFCV mean estimation of 6.60 (±) 0.42 m/s for Median nerve Position, 6.43 (±) 0.33 m/s for Ulnar Nerve Position, 6.54 (±) 0.41 m/s for Radial nerve Position and 7.21 (±) 0.49 m/s for Auxiliary Nerve Position. The values evidence decent dependability of the estimations in an eternal application. The core part of the device being MFCV estimation, upon empirical evaluations with clinical values, shows an accuracy of 97%.

This paper proposes new methods to select the optimal values of fixed and switched shunt capacitors in Radial distribution feeders for varying load conditions so as to maximize the annual savings and minimizes the energy loss by taking the capacitor cost into account. The identification of the weak buses, where the capacitors should be placed is decided by a set of rules given by the fuzzy expert system. Then the sizing of the fixed and switched capacitors is modeled using differential evolution (DE) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). A case study with an existing 15 bus rural distribution feeder is presented to illustrate the applicability of the algorithm. Simulation results show the better saving in cost over previous capacitor placement algorithm.

This paper manages a totally one of a kind non-obtrusive logical analytic methodology bolstered connection of nasal cycle musicality with 3 spiral heartbeats. In Siddha prescription, one in all the ordinary Asian country frameworks of medications especially in south India this standard is extra-normal and fundamental for beginning screening in the assignment. Fundamental order of infections is inexactly characterized by these standards. Indeed, even advisors distinguish the exact remaining of ailments like a place, organs influenced, level of affectionateness is communicated by the feeling of measure the over parameters. In any case, these needs extra data, apply and learn. Besides, the framework wasn’t all around perceived because of the absence of logical approval. Nasal cycle is surveyed as Right foremost naris (Pinkalai) prevailing stream and Left front naris (Idakalai) overwhelming stream bolstered the presence of a prevalent stream, particularly front naris. A case if the stream is similarly appropriated in each the foremost naris is comprehended as Sulumunai. Next vital parameter is the feeling of a heartbeat. The heartbeat is felt at 3 neighboring focuses over the blood vessel near the radiocarpal joint inside the request of Vatha beat, Pitha heartbeats and Kapha beat. Amid this venture, subjects were ordered into 3 groups bolstered prevalent nature of 3 very surprising heartbeats and each bunch is identified with the character of nasal cycle. It’s learned that there exists the most time of the power of right front naris stream exists for the subjects with prevailing pitha heartbeat and transcendence of left foremost naris stream exists for the themes with predominant Kapha heartbeat. While for the themes with prevailing Vatha heartbeat gangs transcendent stream each in right likewise as in left front naris upheld the unwellness kind.

The objective of this paper is to examine the influence of geogrid layer on the integrity of clay liners of landfills. A series of centrifuge model tests were performed on model clay liners subjected to non-uniform settlements with and without a geogrid layer embedded within the top one-third portion of the clay liner moist-compacted on the wet side of its optimum moisture content at 40 g. The model clay liner material has been selected in such a way that it envelopes the material characteristics of the clay liners, which are used for constructing an impermeable barrier in a lining system. By maintaining type and location of the geogrid within the clay liner as constant, the thickness of clay liner is varied to check the possibility of reducing the thickness of a geogrid reinforced clay liner. Digital image analysis technique was employed to ascertain the initiation of cracking and to compute strains both on the surface and along the cross-section of the clay liner with and without any geogrid layer. It was observed that clay liners compacted at moulding water content towards wet side of their OMC found to experience multiple cracking at the onset of non-uniform settlements. Contrary to this, geogrid reinforced clay liner was observed to sustain large distortions and experience only tiny cracks limited up to a location of a geogrid. With an increase in thickness of the clay liner reinforced with a geogrid, geogrid reinforced compacted clay liner was observed to retain its integrity and restrains cracking completely.

This paper presents an improved method for capacitor placement in radial distribution feeders to reduce the real power loss and to improve the voltage profile. The location of the nodes where the capacitors should be placed is decided by a set of rules given by the fuzzy expert system. The sizing of the capacitors is modeled by the objective function to obtain maximum savings using Differential Evolution (DE). A case study with an existing 15 bus rural distribution feeder is presented to illustrate the applicability of the algorithm. A comparison with the PSO is performed to show the improvement with the proposed algorithm.

This paper presents a novel method for capacitor placement in radial distribution feeders to reduce the real power loss and to improve the voltage profile. The location of the nodes where the capacitors should be placed is decided by a set of rules given by the fuzzy expert system. The sizing of the capacitors is modeled by the objective function to obtain maximum savings using Particle Swarm Optimization. A voltage constraint is taken and compared without the constraint. A case study with an IEEE 34 bus distribution feeder is presented to illustrate the applicability of the algorithm.