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The article is devoted to the founding of the Museum Ludwig in Cologne and presents an analysis of the process of building this museum of contemporary art in dynamics — from the beginning of the collection within the walls of the Wallraf-Richartz Museum to gaining the status of an independent exhibition giant. The study provides an overview of the collection and its sources, identifies individual significant works of art, accompanied by art history descriptions, and sets out the reasons and the chronicle of the separation of the Museum Ludwig from the Wallraf-Richartz Museum. The museum, established in 1976, presents German art from the first half of the 20th century, American and British pop art of the 1960s, Russian avant-garde, photorealism and contemporary art from the last third of the 20th century. It has departments of painting, sculpture, graphics and art photography. The role of the famous German patrons and collectors of Peter and Irene Ludwig in the formation and replenishment of the museum's funds is noted. Статья посвящена основанию Музея Людвига в Кёльне и представляет анализ процесса построения этого музея современного искусства в динамике — от начала формирования коллекции в стенах Музея Вальрафа-Рихарца до обретения статуса самостоятельного экспозиционного гиганта. В исследовании даны обзор коллекции и источники ее формирования, указаны отдельные крупные произведения искусства, сопровожденные искусствоведческим описанием, а также изложены причины и хроника выделения Музея Людвига из состава Музея Вальрафа-Рихарца. Вновь образованный в 1976 году музей представляет искусство Германии с первой половины XX века, американский и британский поп-арт 1960-х годов, русский авангард, фотореализм и актуальное искусство последней трети ХХ века. В нем созданы отделы живописи, скульптуры, графики и художественной фотографии. Отмечена роль известных немецких меценатов и собирателей Петера и Ирены Людвиг в формировании и пополнении фондов музея.

We report a case of a rare combination of Marfan syndrome and severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in a 32-year-old male patient. He developed AD in early childhood and then had a relapse at the age of 18 years caused by stress. After this, AD became severe due to stress associated with aortic aneurysmectomy. The patient also had side effects caused by steroids, including multiple pustular eruptions, Kaposi's varicelliform eruption, edema and hyperemia of the periorbital area, pain and swelling of the small joints of the hands. These side effects, as well as specific cardiovascular symptoms typical of Marfan syndrome necessitated the search for alternative treatment strategies for severe AD. Eventually, we managed to find an effective treatment regimen that caused no side effects or adverse events, while the symptoms subsided. This case demonstrates the importance of early AD diagnosis in childhood in order to prevent its transition into severe chronic form that can hardly be managed in adulthood. Key words: atopic dermatitis, children, diagnostic criteria, clinical manifestations, hereditary diseases, Marfan syndrome

Introduction. The study of the risk factors that lead to the development of cerebral palsy enables new approaches for the prevention and early detection of the disease. Purpose of the study. To assess the significance of the influence of perinatal factors on the development of cerebral palsy in children. Materials and methods: retrospective study of primary medical records and surveying of mothers. Results. In the group of children with cerebral palsy the antenatal period was accompanied by obstetric pathology, miscarriages and abortions in the anamnesis of the mothers; the intranatal period - by weak or impetuous labor, a tight umbilical cord around the neck and asphyxia; the postnatal period - by prematurity, low birth weight, low Apgar score, development of jaundice, seizures, apnea and the need for tracheal intubation. Conclusion. Children with the above-mentioned factors should be included in the risk group for the development of cerebral palsy.

The antioxidant system activity in liver and muscle of rat after bilateral ovaryectomy and allogenic hydroxyapatite injections was investigated. The decrease of antioxidant system activity in rats with removed ovaries was found. Injections of allogenic hydroxyapatite leads to normalization of antioxidant system activity.

The low angle subgrain and grain boundary structure in silicon-on-insulator layers, obtained by various liquid phase recrystallization techniques, was investigated. The effect of different crystallization front velocities has been also studied. Subgrain boundaries are either a one-dislocation boundary or a boundary consisting of two systems of intersecting 30° dislocations. The 60° dislocations ran from the subgrain boundary along the [110]-type directions when the recrystallization was carried out by millisecond pulse heating. The 60° dislocations provide for additional stress relaxation between the subgrains. Grain boundaries are formed at the meeting place of crystallization fronts moving from neighbouring seed windows in the insulating SiO 2 layer. Grain boundaries lie mainly in the (110) plane and consist of rows of perfect Lomer dislocations. The 60° dislocations are observed in the stepped area of the grain boundary.

Background Rehabilitation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) – important medical and social problem. A complex rehabilitation program (CRP) must include different types of physiotherapy, orthoses, occupational therapy, patient education, exercises [1, 2]. Currently, the evidence for the effectiveness of early rehabilitation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is scanty [2]. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of the CRP for patients with early RA. Methods 36 patients with early RA were included. 20 patients underwent drug therapy and the CRP (exercise program for large joints under supervision of instructor 40 min, occupational therapy 40 min, local air cryotherapy of small joints of hands, knee or ankle joints at temperature –60°C, 15 min, 10 sessions), 16 received only drug therapy (control group). Average power left and right knees extension and ankles flexion were measured with the help of EN-TreeM movement analysis. Grip strengths of the hands, joint pain on 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS), Diseases Activity Score (DAS28), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Rheumatology Assessment Patient Index Data (RAPID3) by Multi-Dimensional HAQ (R798–NP2) were evaluated. Results After the CRP pain on VAS decreased by 51,0% (60,4±22,4 mm vs. 29,6±17,5 mm, p 0,05) was not statistically significant. In the control group significantly decreased only pain on VAS by 30,1% (58,9±31,4 mm vs. 41,2±28,4 mm, p

Background The prevalence of foot lesions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is extremely high [1]. The defeat of the joints of the foot is often observed at the stage of diagnosis. In many patients, joint damage symptoms persist even at the stage of remission [2]. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of the customized foot insoles in patients with early RA. Methods 17 patients with early RA of the study group used customized foot insoles. The recommended mode of insole using was a constant wearing. The control group consisted of 12 patients. Patients of the both groups underwent drug therapy, physical exercises, occupational therapy. Foot pain on 100-mm VAS, DAS4, HAQ, RAPID3 scores and march test were evaluated at baseline and at 3,0±0,5 months. Results In the study group RAPID3 decreased by 30,1% (3,2±0,2, p Conclusions The wearing of the customized foot insoles reduces foot pain, improves functional status and quality of life in patients with early RA. There is a high adherence to using the foot insoles. References Mjaavatten MD, et al. J Rheumatol 2009;36:1401–6. Landewe R, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2006;65:637–41. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Incubation of human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or washed platelets with merthiolate (MT; sodium ethylmercurithiosalicylate; an inhibitor of lysophosphatide: arachidonoyl transferase) leads to irreversible platelet aggregation which is parallelled by an increase in thromboxane A2 synthesis. MT-induced aggregation is preceded by a pronounced lag-period (0.5-10 min). Duration of the latter is inversely related to the concentration of MT ([MT]). Platelet responses to MT are similar to those triggered by arachidonate (AA) in that the relationships of the aggregation rates both to [MT] and [AA] are threshold and exhibit characteristic super-high values of the apparent Hill coefficients (h > 30). A typical MT-induced response can be subdivided in two sequential phases: i) cyclooxygenase-independent slow aggregation, and ii) indomethacin-abrogated rapid aggregation. MT-induced responses are blocked by PGE1 or ajoene (which inhibits binding of fibrinogen to its cell surface receptor, GPIIb/IIIa). The obtained data are interpreted both quantitatively and qualitatively in terms of a model assuming the existence of: i) a relationship between the rate of MT-inhibitable AA incorporation into phospholipids and the concentration of intracellular free AA, [AA]i; ii) a certain threshold value of [AA]i essential for triggering the second phase of the aggregation.