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This research paper investigates the role of youth as catalysts for effective governance in Pakistan and proposes strategies to boost their chances of success. Approximately 60% of Pakistan's population consists of young individuals, who possess significant potential to contribute to the advancement of prosperity and efficient administration. The research predominantly uses qualitative methodologies to investigate the diverse contributions of young individuals to governance in Pakistan. Thematic analysis is used to examine the qualitative data in order to find repeating themes and get insights about young participation in governance. The present study emphasizes that youth unemployment and inadequate guidance hinder the potential of young individuals. Parenting, education, and media have a vital role in molding one's character. In order to construct a robust Pakistan, it is crucial to have inclusive education, comprehensive training, and career guidance. These measures help reduce prejudice and violence, while also nurturing the development of future scientists, engineers, and political leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rationale for the principles of effective school governance in England, as set out in government regulations, has never been made explicit. This article addresses that issue and develops and proposes such principles. We argue that effective school governance secures the legitimacy of schools as institutions. Such institutional legitimacy is achieved through the institutionalization processes in which the institutional primary task is central. Effective governance is therefore concerned with overseeing and ensuring the processes of institutionalization. We identify two general principles that relate to ensuring the school's legitimacy and ensuring that the school's institutionalization processes enable it to be a legitimate institution. We also distinguish six specific principles that relate to: the school's work on the institutional primary task, the resources required and deployed for work on the institutional primary task; the school's compliance with the rules and regulations that apply to the institution; the school's conformance to the norms expected of a school; the way the school operates on a day-to-day basis in relation to wider society's expectations; calling the headteacher or principal (HT/P) to account for the functioning of the school; and ensuring the HT/P's development. Our analysis is relevant to school governance in other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes to repostulate the sovereignty-statehood complex of the Republic of China (ROC/Taiwan)—namely, the dynamism between its full-fledged sovereign capability and its indeterminate statehood—by using a critical-constructivist approach. To counter legal textualism and rigidity, a three-phase approach is developed to address the under-theorisation of this issue by analysing (1) the establishment of a modern nation-state governance system, (2) identifying the national of the nation-state polity, and (3) obtaining democratic authorisation of its sovereign practice. Therefore, a state should not be considered a static edifice but an ongoing process, fraught with re-instantiations of sovereign exercises via consistent practices, through which criteria of statehood can be re-contemplated and refined. The ROC/Taiwan's South China Sea claim thus effectively demonstrates that its re-sovereignisation remains unaccomplished and has produced a stalemate that substantially impacts the ROC/Taiwan's ongoing state-making efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Characterized by unique practices of self-imposed voluntary commitment, the formulation of Taiwan’s climate action has been informed by the logic of appropriateness, which is norm-guided without regard to consequences. However, ineffective governance exhibited in the gap between governance incapability and overcommitted contribution, aspiring international participation, and realization of universal values hindered by a developmentalism mindset altogether reify that Taiwan’s climate action has turned out to be an unrealistic ideal. It requires due consideration of socially constructed roles and matching obligations (the appropriateness concern) on the one hand, and promulgation of actions made upon rational choice along with well-defined interests (calculation of consequences) on the other hand, to deliver Taiwan’s voluntary commitments while living up the name and substance of an earth citizen. Taiwan’s effort at developing the blue carbon ecosystem (BCE) measure may open a new window of opportunity, whereby a paradigm shift in transforming the appropriateness logic to the appropriateness-consequence compound is discernible. The key lies in integrating the developmentalist drive for growth and the rising environmentalist demand while engaging, substantially and extensively, members of those affected communities with more accessible and sustainable financing mechanisms.

This study examined the role of equity and the inclusiveness of the public in local government administration in providing service to the people. The research looked at the role of equality and public inclusion in local government administration. The study adopted the new public management approach that aims at transforming the public sector operations as a theoretical framework, in connection with effective governance and assessing if the mandate is to act in the interest of the public. This study employed a qualitative research approach that primarily relies on secondary sources or data by extensively reviewing available literature relevant to the topic under investigation. The study concluded that, for South Africans to reap the benefits of good governance alongside all the socio-economic progressive policies that are in existence, a well-functioning public sector with equal and inclusive public participation is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluates the impact of macroeconomic shocks, financial market volatility, and regulatory and political risks on financial inclusion among developing economies. Data spanning the period from 2001 to 2020 were compiled from a sample of 39 Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) economies for the analysis. Data analysis was performed using the panel-corrected standard error (PCSE) estimation technique by Beck and Katz (1995). The analysis suggests that macroeconomic risk, financial market volatility, and regulatory uncertainty constrain financial inclusion among reviewed economies. Further results suggest that effective governance or improved governance structures may not be enough to alleviate the adverse effects of macroeconomic risk, financial market volatility, and regulatory uncertainty on financial inclusion. The moderating impact of political instability on the nexus between macroeconomic risk and financial inclusion further highlights the inimical influence of both macroeconomic and political risks on financial inclusion. The various conclusions have significant implications for policymakers; they admonish the need for measures that ensure macroeconomic stability, promote financial market stability, and support unambiguous regulatory policies to foster financial inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The rural revitalization performance evaluation index system was constructed based on five dimensions: thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity, in order to provide references for comprehensive evaluation of rural revitalization performance. [Methods] Rural revitalization performance in Fujian Province was evaluated by applying the entire-array-polygon synthesis illustration model from 2011—2020. [Results] The thriving businesses index for the 12th Five-Year Plan period was better than that of the 13th Five-Year Plan period (p0.05). Performance indexes for pleasant living environments, effective governance, and prosperity for the 13th Five-Year Plan period were at a high level, and the performance level was better than that of the 12th Five-Year Plan period (p 2019 > 2018 > 2015 > 2016 > 2017 < 2014 > 2013 > 2012 > 2011. Rural revitalization performance in Fujian Province was relatively higher from 2018 to 2020. In the process of promoting rural revitalization strategy, people should refine the performance evaluation index system and construct a rural revitalization performance evaluation system based on the actual situation of each city.

In many post-conflict and war-torn countries governance issue is intricately linked to multifaceted aspect. Because rebuilding governance and re-establishing trust in government does not only need the adoption of specific strategies but also reshaping the whole nation from the scratch. Some nations may need a large scale of reforms to ensure effective governance whilst other may require narrow reforms to address small deficiencies. Considering the paper’s heavy reliance on secondary information sources collected from articles published in credible scientific journals, and diverse working papers, governmental reports, book chapters, conference papers, and online sources, the paper used content analysis techniques. Moreover, in order to address the problem multiple factors such as politics, institutional reforms, economic initiatives, human capital development, and the need for expenditure in education in war-torn countries are inspected. The study reveals that in the case of politics and institutional reforms, a war-torn nation must emphasize a transparent political system and solid legal framework that makes it simpler to choose, oversee, and replace persons in positions of responsibility, also a favorable ecosystem that promotes prosperity and growth through solid legislation and different governmental branches. The second crucial measure is reanimating the economy by taking advantage of the agriculture and banking sector since they are the least affected by the war. The third measure is to allocate specific funds to education before any other sector. Besides that, through education and training, war-torn countries will achieve a skilled workforce. Finally, the analysis will offer war-torn nations tangible proof of which socioeconomic factors, reforms, and policies to implement in order to achieve effective governance.

Abstract The need to effectively govern and manage communal rangeland resources has become more important over the past two decades, given the extent of biodiversity loss caused by a myriad of drivers interacting at different scales. Using in‐depth interviews, participant observations and historical information from organisational records, we analysed the application of governance objectives between 1947 and 2017 and their corresponding rangeland condition outcome in Machubeni (South Africa) communal lands. The results show that while the application of governance objectives varied through time, there has been a steady degradation of local rangeland resources since apartheid, due to internal and external drivers of change. This reveals a disconnection between management and resource conditions, suggesting that a return to effective governance alone will not necessarily result in improved rangeland condition in Machubeni, but that more radical steps such as prolonged periods of resting, reseeding and building individual and group agency, are needed. These findings can help practitioners working in post‐colonial territories to design effective rangeland management models. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Copyright of Media4u Magazine is the property of Ing. Jan Chromy, Ph.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Media4u Magazine is the property of Ing. Jan Chromy, Ph.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation is the property of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the public sector, ethics is defined as a set of rules for the proper moral conduct of a particular society or organization. Principles and values are the basis of good governance, forming ethical behavior in public organization. They give a clear direction, but only if they are widely accepted, accepted and put into practice. Each public organization operates with its own set of values, which are revealed in the daily provision of public policies and services. They are key components of organizational culture and a tool for defining, guiding and informing behavior. The aim of the article is to present the role of ethics in public sector governance as a path to more effective governance. The report examines the ethics and values of the public sector that underpin good governance. Principles for shared values from different countries are presented. The good practices for good governance and the principles that public authorities should strive for are discussed. Attention is paid to the role of codes of ethics as a way to motivate civil servants and create an appropriate basis for monitoring and evaluating their behavior. In international practice, common requirements for codes of ethics have been established in different countries. These are: internal consistency and coincidence with the strategy of the administration, balance between the interests and rights of employees, avoidance of excessive detail, easy applicability and consensual acceptance and discussion. Research shows that many public sector organizations are aware that values and ethics play a key role in attracting and retaining their best talents and that the following is needed: clarifying workplace goals, defining organizational values, building organizational culture, showing recognition and providing a framework for establishing values and ethics in the organization. Above all, consensus is needed on the content of ethical values. Leaders, politicians and public managers need to be flexible in their implementation, depending on the specific external and internal environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need to effectively govern and manage communal rangeland resources has become more important over the past two decades, given the extent of biodiversity loss caused by a myriad of drivers interacting at different scales.Using in‐depth interviews, participant observations and historical information from organisational records, we analysed the application of governance objectives between 1947 and 2017 and their corresponding rangeland condition outcome in Machubeni (South Africa) communal lands.The results show that while the application of governance objectives varied through time, there has been a steady degradation of local rangeland resources since apartheid, due to internal and external drivers of change. This reveals a disconnection between management and resource conditions, suggesting that a return to effective governance alone will not necessarily result in improved rangeland condition in Machubeni, but that more radical steps such as prolonged periods of resting, reseeding and building individual and group agency, are needed. These findings can help practitioners working in post‐colonial territories to design effective rangeland management models. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. Read the free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposed an integrated model of Islamic Social Finance (ISF) to accelerate the transformation of the poor toward prosperity. This is a qualitative and quantitative approach using grounded theory and the Average Weighted Index (AWI). The integration model of Islamic social finance is implemented through 4 ER (Economic Rescue, Economic Recovery, Economic Reinforcement, and Economic Resilience) by integrating Islamic social finance instruments in a joint project scheme. The additional finding of the empirical investigation shows that integrated Islamic social finance is 12% more effective in enriching the poor than the non-integrated program. This study emphasizes the significance of integrating Islamic social finance in accelerating the well-being of the poor community.

Carbon emissions trading schemes are an essential market-oriented mechanism for carbon reduction. This study assumes China's emissions trading scheme (ETS) policy as a quasi-natural experiment to examine its impact on green technology innovation using panel data of cities in China from 2008 to 2018. The moderating effects of effective governance and enterprise viability are further investigated from the perspective of new structural economics. The results indicate that China's ETS policy can significantly promote green technology innovation in pilot cities. Further findings demonstrate that environmental regulation and development strategy can substantially enhance this positive effect, confirming the effectiveness of Chinese policies. A lower proportion of state-owned enterprises and higher total factor productivity is also found to strengthen such impact, indicating that viability can advance the effectiveness of market environmental regulations. Moreover, we identify significant regional heterogeneities indicating that the cities in the western region or old industrial bases do not fully leverage the advantages of the green innovation effect of ETS. Our findings provide insights for policymakers in developing countries regarding the role of efficient markets and effective government interventions for advancing carbon reduction and green technology innovation through policy optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to investigate through groundwater modelling the need for effective governance principles to regulate current and future utilization schemes for a transboundary aquifer called Dibdibba Delta Aquifer Basin (DDAB) shared between Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq. Numerical simulations for DDAB system resulted in a steady state sustainable yield for DDAB at 515 Mm3/year. Transient simulations show that under specific utilization plans of DDAB for the planning horizon (at year 2050) will stress the aquifer basin to its extreme limit (maximum drawdowns about 12 m and deterioration in salinity to 13,000 mg/l) prior to uncontrolled status. This operational stress produced a dynamic sustainable yield for DDAB at 620 Mm3/year. The dynamic sustainable yield changed considerably the transboundary fluxes between the 3 riparian countries and increased substantially the influx rate to the aquifer basin from adjacent aquifers in the south. This study calls for the implementation of effective governance principles between the riparian countries to manage the transboundary DDAB system effectively with reasonable regulations to avoid uncontrolled development of DDAB. These principles include reasonable utilization with efficiency, integrated water management approaches, monitoring schemes, data sharing, service allocation and distribution, and the obligation not to cause significant harm by any riparian country to the others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plethora of service delivery protests in South Africa have rekindled a debate on government efficiency and effectiveness, hence the need to review the government's ole role. Having reviewed extensive literature, this article argued that policy integration across the three spheres of government is sine qua non for effective governance. This article examines the significance of policy integration as a vital adjunct for intergovernmental relations and cooperative governance. Policy integration significantly diminishes the risk of unintended consequences as a results of potentially contradictory objectives. It improves efficiency and effectiveness in the implementation of government programs. Integration and coordination also eliminate waste, avoid inordinate delays while avoiding possible conflict and duplication of roles and responsibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Throughout southern Africa, there have been growing concerns about the rates of ecosystem degradation. This issue and natural resource governance concerns in general remain key challenges. We conducted a scoping review of 135 articles to inductively assess how governance challenges have manifested in natural resource management during 2010–2020 in southern Africa. The paper's findings show that governance challenges in southern Africa are 'hydra-headed'. The results suggest that governance challenges related to the maintenance of system integrity and functioning – specifically lack of coordination, accountability, capacity, skills and resources to define effective natural resource management – were the most reported in literature. Challenges related to achieving socially equitable governance were the second most mentioned, followed by those related to institutional robustness. Challenges related to the adaptability and flexibility of institutions, specifically learning, monitoring capacity and innovation, were the least identified, showing that these areas are poorly studied or that these attributes are considered less problematic for achieving sustainable outcomes. Furthermore, the review highlights critical gaps – the limited engagement with governance-related frameworks, specifically polycentricity, adaptive governance and social-ecological stewardship. In concluding, we highlight governance reforms and future research needs on the topic of natural resources in southern Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The key purpose of this study was to examine the impact of integrated thinking and reporting on organisational decision making in the context of public sector enterprises in Jordon. Methodology/Design: The primary quantitative data have been collected in this study through a survey questionnaire. The collected data has been analysed through SEM technique, in which the tests of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and path assessment are conducted. Findings: The findings of this study reveal the significant impact of connectivity, effective governance, external focus, and integrated communication on organisational decision making. The variable of external financing is found to have a significant moderating impact on the association between connectivity and organisational decision making, and also between effective governance and organisational decision making. Research Limitations: The absence of qualitative data has been one of the major limitations of this study. Apart from that, the limited scope of this study on the public sector enterprises in Jordan has been another major research limitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to the analysis of the role of academic staff in the effective governance of the universities in France. Models of governance of the universities of France are analyzed. It is found that in France there is a dual (asymmetric) model of governance. It has been established that in an «asymmetric» dual structure, one of the governing bodies can be considered as the main decision-making body and the other body has more limited powers. The article analyzes the system of governance and the role of academic staff in such institutions of higher education as the University of Paris-Dofin, the Louis-Bachelier Institute, the Curie Institute, the University of Sorbonne. It is revealed that in general, the main governing bodies of the university are three central authorities: the Board of Directors, the Scientific Council and the Academic and Student Life Council. It has been established that all the governing bodies of universities in France include academic staff with a total of 8 to 13 people, depending on the Council to which they belong. It is analyzed that the main functions of academic staff are decision-making at the level of the governing bodies of the University, participation in discussions on financial, strategic issues, decision-making on student associations, student life, research questions, and teaching. It has been found that the activity of academic staff in the effective governance of the universities in France is advisory. It is noted that academic staff can be involved as an external expert in the decision-making process in other universities.

Despite several decades of research on governance, very little is known about processes and practices of governing and, crucially, the links between governing and organisational performance. This has led to calls to penetrate the 'black box' of the boardroom by conducting research which draws on data gathered through direct observation. Such calls, however, have so far produced a rather sparse and inchoate literature which would benefit from review in order to give shape to the field and provide direction for future research. Here, we critically examine the findings of this research, focusing on three emergent themes: (1) the extent to which empirical research supports the established theories in the field, particularly agency and stewardship theories; (2) what research says about 'good' and 'effective' governance and the relationship between them; and (3) the methodological and conceptual orientations which frame this research, and the claims made for 'processual' approaches. We conclude with an agenda for taking the field forward in order to extend knowledge and to contribute to theory around governing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Republic of South Africa has continuously experienced challenges of poor governance from all spheres of government, which has resulted in the poor delivery of essential public services. Government is considered as the main actor as far as governance and promoting citizens' rights. The poor performance of the public sector, on national, provincial and local levels, has always been a cause for concern in South Africa and one which has cast the issues of governance in South Africa in a poor light. This article advocates a new public management approach that aims at transforming public sector operations, to be business-like and efficient. It reveals that the lack of appropriate systems and mechanisms that promote and enforce effective governance continues to impact development negatively. Poor governance has resulted in wasted public resources, weak institutions, decreasing investment and growth and it has entrenched corruption. The article shows that corruption is a consequence of the failure of accountability in the governance system. Effective governance and good quality of public administration ultimately results in economic growth and development that benefits all citizens. Effective governance should always think and act in the interest of the public by responding to the needs of the people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Continuing Professional Education: Theory & Practice is the property of Continuing Professional Education: Theory & Practice and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research background: Nowadays, mainstream discussions on maritime spatial planning (MSP) are tightly intertwined with the discourse on governance for land-sea interactions or interface (LSI), using multi-scalar and cross-sectoral governance systems. At the same time, principles with legal rank need to be respected and applied in both MSP and LSI and their respective governance structures while putting coastal communities at the centre and taking into consideration the process of “maritimisation.” In combination, these factors contribute to augmenting the pressure of competing uses both on land and sea in the frame of the Blue Economy. As an exemplary forerunner in the field of MSP, the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) and its case studies can provide a useful insight in this respect. Purpose of the article: The aim is to identify and integrate the principles with legal rank of Effective Governance for sustainable development to be implemented through different LSI governance perspectives and in the framework of MSP and the Blue Economy, providing concise guidance as to their application through BSR case studies. Methods: Preparation of this article involves applying traditional legal research methods (analysis and synthesis) and the results of maritime spatial plans and practical examples of pilot projects. Analysis includes the following techniques: descriptive, historical, special analytical and dogmatically comparable, including an analytical perspective of transnational environmental law. Synthesis is applied through the legally constructive method. Findings & Value added: Based on conclusions and lessons learned from BSR case studies, the article offers added value by structuring and improving knowledge and providing a basis for further theoretical discussion.