Search

Advanced digital technologies have rapidly been integrated into prosthodontics to improve the digital workflow for prosthetic rehabilitation. The integration of 3D datasets acquired from various imaging sources such as intraoral scanners and facial optical scanners allows the creation of virtual patients to perform presurgical simulation and prosthetic rehabilitation. The presented technique introduced a straightforward protocol for aligning intraoral scans (Trios 4, 3Shape) to optical face scans (Face Hunter, Zirkonzahn) using a global best-fit algorithm of 3D evaluation software (GOM Inspect). Nasal geometry data were used as the matching reference to produce virtual dental patients. This integration protocol ensured that the intraoral scanner (Trios 4, 3Shape) was used not only to scan dental arches but also used effectively to scan the nose. These scans along with professional facial scans can be successfully aligned to produce virtual dental patients. As only a single fully dentate patient case with an alignment deviation of 243.6 µm was used, further research to evaluate the accuracy of this protocol is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to compare the incidence of biologic and mechanical complication rates and the survival rates after at least 5 years of implants and implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs) placed during second-stage surgery using four and six implants. A total of 77 patients (33 men, 44 women) with a mean age of 60.6 ± 8.8 years (range: 39 to 80 years) were included, and the total of 92 IFCDPs were classified into two groups: 51 received four implants, and 41 received six implants. No implant failed in the four-implant group (0/204), and one implant failed in the six-implant group (1/246), with no statistically significant differences (P > .05). One prosthetic failure occurred in the four-implant group (1/51), and one failure occurred in the six-implant group (1/41). Both groups experienced some technical and biologic complications, with no statistically significant differences between the groups (P > .05). For both groups, veneer or resin fracture was the most frequent mechanical complication, and mucositis was the most frequent biologic complication. The use of four or six implants may represent a predictable treatment option in the rehabilitation of completely edentulous patients with IFCDPs in the medium-term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-cigarette product characteristics are known to influence appeal among young adults. Understanding which characteristics appeal to individuals with (vs. without) a history of combusted tobacco use is essential for developing effective tobacco control policies. Anonymous, self-report data were collected from young adults (18-30 years) who had used e-cigarettes in the past 30 days (n = 295) online via Prolific from September-October 2019. Using a visual analogue scale (range: 0-100), participants rated the importance of ten e-cigarette device and nine e-liquid characteristics. Adjusted linear regression models were used to evaluate the association of combusted tobacco use status (never, former, current) with mean rating scores for each of the nineteen characteristics. The most important e-cigarette device characteristics were price (Mean = 81.1; [SD = 17.9]), size (Mean = 75.5 [SD = 20.9]), and hit strength (Mean = 73.8 [SD = 20.4]) while the most important e-liquid characteristics were flavor (M = 85.1 [SD = 16.3]), price (M = 80.9 [SD = 18.4]), and nicotine level (M = 77.8 [18.9]). Differences by combusted tobacco use status were observed for device brand, temperature/voltage, customizability, color, and popularity, with the highest ratings generally observed among those concurrently using combustible tobacco products. For e-liquids, differences by use status were observed for flavor, price, and bottle type. Notably, those concurrently using combusted products rated flavor as less important than those with no history of combustible tobacco use (B=-5.01[95%CI=-9.97, −0.05]). The self-rated importance of e-cigarette device and e-liquid attributes varies by combustible tobacco use status among young adults which may be used to inform regulatory decisions regarding e-cigarette product characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the United States, normal-risk pregnancies are monitored with the recommended average of 14 prenatal visits. Check-ins every few weeks are the standard of care. This low time resolution and reliance on subjective feedback instead of direct physiological measurement, could be augmented by remote monitoring. To date, continuous physiological measurements have not been characterized across all of pregnancy, so there is little basis of comparison to support the development of the specific monitoring capabilities. Wearables have been shown to enable the detection and prediction of acute illness, often faster than subjective symptom reporting. Wearables have also been used for years to monitor chronic conditions, such as continuous glucose monitors. Here we perform a retrospective analysis on multimodal wearable device data (Oura Ring) generated across pregnancy within 120 individuals. These data reveal clear trajectories of pregnancy from cycling to conception through postpartum recovery. We assessed individuals in whom pregnancy did not progress past the first trimester, and found associated deviations, corroborating that continuous monitoring adds new information that could support decision-making even in the early stages of pregnancy. By contrast, we did not find significant deviations between full-term pregnancies of people younger than 35 and of people with "advanced maternal age", suggesting that analysis of continuous data within individuals can augment risk assessment beyond standard population comparisons. Our findings demonstrate that low-cost, high-resolution monitoring at all stages of pregnancy in real-world settings is feasible and that many studies into specific demographics, risks, etc., could be carried out using this newer technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Successful implantations of the Aveir VR, have been effectively demonstrated in adults; however, there remain limited reports supporting safe and feasible implantation of the Aveir VR in the young population. Methods: Retrospective, observational study of Aveir VR implantation of young patients (≦21 years old) at UC Davis Medical Center from November 2022 to January 2024 via the internal jugular or femoral vein implantation approaches. Indications for pacing, patient demographics, pacing thresholds and longevity were reported at the time of implantation and last follow‐up. Results: A total of 10 patients received the Aveir VR with a median age of years (IQR 12.5–17) and median weight of 50.8 kg (IQR 44.6–60.9) kg. The majority were male (80%). Aveir VR leadless pacemaker occurred via internal jugular venous (90%) or femoral venous (10%) approaches. Indications for placement were intermittent complete heart block (60%) and sinus pauses (40%). Adequate impedance, sensing and thresholds were maintained from implantation to a median follow‐up of 9 months. Predicted pacemaker longevity at follow‐up median was 23.8 years. There were no complications in any of the 10 patients. Conclusion: Aveir VR implantation via the internal jugular and femoral veins is feasible in the young patient population with stable pacing parameters at follow‐up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Many studies have investigated the transfer of skills between laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgery (RAS). These studies have considered time, error, and clinical outcomes in the assessment of skill transfer. However, little is known about the specific operations of the surgeon. Clutch control use is an important skill in RAS. Therefore, the present study aimed to propose a novel objective algorithm based on computer vision that can automatically evaluate a surgeon's clutch use. Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate the correlation between clutch metrics and surgical skill on different surgical robot platforms. Methods: The robotic surgery training center of Wuhan University trained 30 laparoscopic surgeons as the study group between 2023 and 2024. Laparoscopic surgeons were trained by combining robotic simulator exercises and RAS animal experiments. During the training, video and hand movement data were collected. Hand movements identified by a skin-color model were combined with labeling information to classify clutch use. The metrics were validated on different robotic platforms (dv-Trainer, EDGE MP1000, Toumai™ MT1000, and DaVinci Xi system) and among surgeons with different surgical skill levels. Results: On the robotic simulator, clutch accuracy in the expert group was significantly higher than in the study group for all tasks. No significant differences were observed in the number of clutches between the expert and study groups. In the RAS experiment, the number of clutches decreased significantly for both study and expert groups. The accuracy was maintained at a high level in the expert group but decreased rapidly in the study group. Conclusions: We proposed a new objective assessment of surgical skills, clutch use metrics, in cross-platform RAS. Additionally, we verified that the metrics significantly correlated with the surgical skill levels of the surgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the state of pediatric medical device (PMD) development by comparing PMD clinical trials to pediatric trials evaluating drugs and biologics, from 1999 to 2022. METHODS: The site www.clinicaltrials.gov was used to identify and quantify both PMD clinical trials and pediatric trials for drugs and biologics. Clinical specialty was also assessed. The institutions included were the 7 children's hospitals primarily affiliated with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pediatric Device Consortia (PDC) grant program between 2018 and 2023. For a national comparison, an additional search assessed PMD trials across all US medical institutions. RESULTS: A total of 243 PMD clinical trials were identified at the FDA-PDC institutions on the basis of the year of initiation; the average number of PMD trials initiated per year per institution was 1.5 from 1999 to 2022. However, PMD trials significantly increased during the period 2014 to 2022 compared with 1999 to 2013 (P < .001); the rate of initiation of drug and biologic pediatric trials demonstrated no significant differences between these time periods. A national survey of all institutions initiating PMD trials, and drugs and biologics trials, identified 1885 PMD trials out of a total 12 943. A comparable trend was noted in the national survey with initiation of PMD trials increasing significantly from 2014 to 2022 (P < .001), compared with 1999 to 2013, whereas the rate of initiation of drug and biologic trials during these periods did not demonstrate a significant change. CONCLUSIONS: Although pediatric clinical trial initiation for drugs and biologics remained stable from 1999 to 2022, the rate of new PMD trials significantly increased during the period 2014 to 2022 at FDA-PDC institutions and nationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of full‐arch conventional implant impressions using two different materials (A‐silicone and polyether) to full‐arch digital implant impressions produced from two intraoral scanning devices. Materials and Methods: A master model was fabricated representing an edentulous mandible with four implants with internal connection placed at the sites of canines and first molars. The anterior implants were parallel to the residual ridge, while the two posterior implants had an angulation of 15° to the distal and 15° to the lingual respectively. The conventional technique was performed with open‐tray of non‐splinted impression copings. Two different impression materials were used, A‐silicone and polyether at monophase medium body consistencies. The digital impressions were obtained with the use of two different intraoral scanners, after the connection of scan bodies. A total of 10 impressions were produced for each of the four experimental groups. The conventional models as well as the master model were digitized using a high‐resolution laboratory scanner. The STL files of the models and of the intraoral impressions were imported in a powerful superimposition software, for the conduction of measurements in pairs of files. The software calculated the 3D deviations, as well as the linear and angular displacements among scan bodies at the digital files. For "trueness" measurements every STL file of each experimental group was superimposed to the digital master model, while for "precision" measurements all STL files of each experimental group were superimposed to each other. Results and Conclusions: The accuracy of full arch mandibular implant impressions was influenced both by the impression technique used (conventional vs. digital) and the impression material used (A‐silicone vs. polyether) or the intraoral scanner used (Trios vs. Heron).In terms of "trueness," A‐silicone showed the highest impression accuracy with the lowest deviation values, followed by polyether and Trios, but the differences between the three groups were in the majority not statistically significant. Heron showed statistically lower accuracy results in all measurements compared to the other groups.In terms of "precision", conventional impressions with the use of A‐Silicone or polyether were statistically significantly superior to digital impressions with either scanner. A‐Silicone and polyether showed no statistically significant difference between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nurses who care for patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) are highly skilled clinicians who manage unique technological demands and complex complications within this specialized patient population. There is a demonstrated need and benefit for palliative care for patients with a LVAD, yet palliative consults are often underused, and the quality of consultation for these patients is poorly understood. Rarely, if at all, do nurses receive formal training on how to navigate the palliative care needs of patients with a LVAD, which includes preparedness planning, caregiver support, device/body image acceptance, and end-of-life care. In addition, there is a need for literature to address specifically how nurses in their role and scope of practice can improve palliative care for patients with a LVAD. The purpose of this article was to present recommendations to equip palliative care nurses to best serve the needs of patients with a LVAD, wherein they can partner with and advance their colleagues in cardiology to improve their delivery of primary palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction from the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) is a significant contributor to cerebral vasospasm. Inhibition of the SCG has been shown to improve cerebral blood flow and reverse cerebral vasospasm in swine models. We evaluated the efficacy of a novel minimally invasive endovascular approach to target and pharmacologically inhibit the SCG, using a Micro-Infusion Device for transmural drug delivery. Methods Eight SCGs in four Yorkshire swine were surgically identified. After confirming appropriate sympathetic-mediated intracranial vasoconstriction response with SCG stimulation, an endovascular Micro- Infusion Device was used for transmural targeting of the SCG and delivery of 1.5--2 mL of 1% lidocaine-contrast mixture to the perivascular space. Digital subtraction angiography was obtained at: (1) baseline; (2) with SCG stimulation; and (3) after lidocaine delivery to the SCG using the Micro-Infusion Device with concurrent SCG stimulation. Vessel diameters were measured and compared. Results Endovascular transmural delivery of lidocaine to the SCG and carotid perivascular tissue using the Micro-Infusion Device successfully inhibited sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction response. Measured vessel diameters after lidocaine delivery were comparable to baseline despite SCG stimulation. Conclusion A novel endovascular technique of transmural delivery of lidocaine to the SCG and carotid artery perivascular tissues successfully inhibits the sympathetic input to the cerebral vasculature and modulates sympathetic-mediated cerebral vasospasm. These results suggest promising steps towards translation to potential clinical use for patients suffering from cerebral vasospasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Information regarding the use of wearable devices in clinical research, including disease areas, intervention techniques, trends in device types, and sample size targets, remains elusive. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive review of clinical research trends related to wristband wearable devices in research planning and examined their applications in clinical investigations. Methods: As this study identified trends in the adoption of wearable devices during the planning phase of clinical research, including specific disease areas and targeted number of intervention cases, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov—a prominent platform for registering and disseminating clinical research. Since wrist-worn devices represent a large share of the market, we focused on wrist-worn devices and selected the most representative models among them. The main analysis focused on major wearable devices to facilitate data analysis and interpretation, but other wearables were also surveyed for reference. We searched ClinicalTrials.gov with the keywords "ActiGraph,""Apple Watch,""Empatica,""Fitbit,""Garmin," and "wearable devices" to obtain studies published up to 21 August 2022. This initial search yielded 3214 studies. After excluding duplicate National Clinical Trial studies (the overlap was permissible among different device types except for wearable devices), our analysis focused on 2930 studies, including simple, time-series, and type-specific assessments of various variables. Results: Overall, an increasing number of clinical studies have incorporated wearable devices since 2012. While ActiGraph and Fitbit initially dominated this landscape, the use of other devices has steadily increased, constituting approximately 10% of the total after 2015. Observational studies outnumbered intervention studies, with behavioral and device-based interventions being particularly prevalent. Regarding disease types, cancer and cardiovascular diseases accounted for approximately 20% of the total. Notably, 114 studies adopted multiple devices simultaneously within the context of their clinical investigations. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the utilization of wearable devices for data collection and behavioral interventions in various disease areas has been increasing over time since 2012. The increase in the number of studies over the past 3 years has been particularly significant, suggesting that this trend will continue to accelerate in the future. Devices and their evaluation methods that have undergone thorough validation, confirmed their accuracy, and adhered to established legal regulations will likely assume a pivotal role in evaluations, allowing for remote clinical trials. Moreover, behavioral intervention therapy utilizing apps is becoming more extensive, and we expect to see more examples that will lead to their approval as programmed medical devices in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Screw loosening is a commonly reported issue following spinal screw fixation and can lead to various complications. The initial cause of screw loosening is biomechanical deterioration. Previous studies have demonstrated that modifications in screw design can impact the local biomechanical environment, specifically the stress distribution on bone-screw interfaces. There are several different designs of screw tips available for clinically used pedicle screws; however, it remains unclear whether these variations affect the local stress distribution and subsequent screw anchorage ability. Methods: This study conducted comprehensive biomechanical research using polyurethane foam mechanical tests and corresponding numerical simulations to investigate this topic. Models of pedicle screw-fixed osteoporotic polyurethane foam were created with two different clinically used screw tip designs (flat and steep) featuring varying tip lengths, taper angles, and diameters, as well as identical flank overlap areas and thread designs. The anchorage ability of the different models was assessed through toggle and pull-out test. Additionally, numerical mechanical models were utilized to compute the stress distributions at the screw and bone-screw interfaces in the different models. Results: Mechanical tests revealed superior anchorage ability in models utilizing flat-tipped screws. Furthermore, numerical modeling indicated improved anchorage ability and reduced stress concentration tendency in these models. Conclusion: Changes in screw tip design can significantly impact the biomechanical anchoring capability of screws. Specifically, flatter tip pedicle screws may mitigate the risk of screw loosening by alleviating stress concentration on bone-screw interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combination products, amalgamating drugs, biologics, and medical devices, have revolutionized the healthcare landscape with their potential for innovative therapies. However, the intersection of diverse components within these products presents a complex regulatory environment, demanding rigorous attention to safety and efficacy. This article delves into the intricate landscape of regulatory considerations, safety, and efficacy assessments pertaining to combination products--a category at the intersection of drugs, devices, and biologics. The regulatory framework, primarily governed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), necessitates a nuanced classification determining the regulatory pathway. Collaboration between diverse regulatory centers, such as the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) and the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), underscores the integrated approach required for these innovative healthcare solutions. Safety considerations unravel the potential risks and adverse events associated with combining diverse components, emphasizing the need for robust risk assessment and mitigation strategies. The evaluation of efficacy involves sophisticated methodologies, clinical trials, and post-market surveillance, with recent advancements incorporating digital technologies. This comprehensive exploration aims to contribute to the evolving understanding and best practices in the regulatory and scientific realms, fostering collaboration and innovation in the development and assessment of combination products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Of the 55.7 million abortions that were performed globally, 25.1 million (45.1%) were not safe. Nearly 97% of these took place in developing countries. Approximately 71% of economically developed countries allow safe abortion care (SAC) services, whereas only 16% of developing countries permit it. In sub-Saharan Africa, 92% of mothers live in 43 countries where SAC services are restricted by law. Most Ethiopian women continue to selfterminate unwanted pregnancies in hazardous conditions. The aim of this evaluation was to assess input, care providers' compliance with national guidelines, and clients' satisfaction. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study design with a mixed-methods approach was used. Seven public health facilities were randomly selected where 75 health caseworkers were directly observed; 296 clients and 14 key informants were interviewed, respectively. A resource inventory checklist was used to assess all inputs. The overall SAC services evaluation was summarized from 40 indicators: 13 resource availability indicators, 14 healthcare workers' compliance to national guidelines indicators, and 13 clients' satisfaction toward SAC services indicators. A multivariate logistic regression model was fit to determine factors that affect client satisfaction at a p-value <0.005. Results: There were 75 healthcare providers in the maternal and child health departments in the study area. Except for the interruption of water and electricity, maternal waiting area, counseling, and procedural room, all are available making 94% of resources availability. All healthcare workers were compliant in providing anti-pain medication during procedures, identifying clients if they were targeted for an HIV/AIDS test, and providing their test results as per the guideline. Nevertheless, they were poorly compliant in respecting the clients (9, 12%) and taking vital sign (33, 44%). The overall compliance was 62.3%, while only 51% were satisfied with waiting time and privacy of counseling room. The overall client satisfaction was 65%. The overall evaluation of SAC services was 72.9%. Conclusion: Resource availability was excellent, which was in line with national SAC expectations while the healthcare workers' compliance to national guidelines was fair, which deviated from expectations. The clients' satisfaction and the overall evaluation were good, which was below the hypothesized expectation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Parosteal Osteosarcoma is a well-differentiated, low-grade bone sarcoma. It most commonly occurs in the third decade of life, usually in the distal femur. This study aims to perform a literature review about the types of reconstructions reported and to analyze the results of an updated technique of resection using custom-made 3D-printed cutting guides. Methods: We perform a systematic literature review about parosteal osteosarcoma, evaluating treatments, margins, local recurrence, complications, and functional results when available. We also report a case treated in our Center with a revisited technique introducing custom-made 3D-printed cutting guides. Results: We analyzed 12 studies with a total of 151 patients. The distal femur was the most frequently reported site (81.5%). After distal femur resection, reconstruction was performed with graft in most cases (48%), followed by prosthetic reconstruction (40%). Margins were wide in 85.5% of cases. The total incidence of local recurrence was 11%. Functional results were excellent in all cases, with a mean MSTS score of 86%. In our case, with the help of the jigs, the surgical technique was relatively easy, graft fusion excellent and fast, margins wide, and functional results excellent. Conclusions: In the literature, the most commonly used type of reconstruction after resection is biological with graft. Indeed, despite the increasing number of prosthetic reconstructions, the historical diaphysometaphyseal hemiresection and graft is still indicated in parosteal osteosarcoma of the distal femur. New technologies, such as the jigs we used, allow significant advantages during the procedure: reduce the resection and graft preparation time, allow a better match between components, and help to obtain safer margins, sparing as much bone as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are associated with high and rising burden of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the leading causes of NCD-related deaths worldwide and is a foremost public health problem in Nigeria. As part of National policy, Nigeria has committed to implement the World Health Organization (WHO) Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease interventions for primary care. Implementing the intervention requires the availability of essential elements, including guidelines, trained staff, health management information systems (HMIS), equipment, and medications, in primary healthcare centers (PHCs). This study assessed the availability of the DM component of the WHO package, and the readiness of the health workers in these PHCs to implement a DM screening, evaluation, and management program to inform future adoption and implementation. Methods: This cross-sectional formative assessment adapted the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool to survey 30 PHCs selected by multistage sampling for readiness to deliver DM diagnosis and care in Abuja, Nigeria, between August and October 2021. The SARA tool was adapted to focus on DM services and the availability and readiness indicator scores were calculated based on the proportion of PHCs with available DM care services, minimum staff requirement, diagnostic tests, equipment, medications, and national guidelines/protocols for DM care within the defined SARA domain. Results: All 30 PHCs reported the availability of at least two full-time staff (median [interquartile range] = 5 [4–9]), which were mostly community health extension workers (median [interquartile range]) = 3 [1–4]. At least one staff member was recently trained in DM care in 11 PHCs (36%). The study also reported high availability of paper-based HMIS (100%), and DM screening services using a glucometer (87%), but low availability of DM job aids (27%), treatment (23%), and national guidelines/protocols (0%). Conclusion: This formative assessment of PHCs' readiness to implement a DM screening, evaluation, and management program in Abuja demonstrated readiness to integrate DM care into PHCs regarding equipment, paper-based HMIS, and nonphysician health workers' availability. However, strategies are needed to promote DM health workforce training, provide DM management guidelines, and supply essential DM medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) remain undiagnosed and thus untreated, and in part this relates to delay in diagnosis. Novel diagnostic strategies may improve access to diagnosis. In a multicentre, randomised study, we evaluated time to treatment decision in patients referred for suspected OSA, comparing a mandibular movement (MM) monitor to respiratory polygraphy, the most commonly used OSA detection method in the UK. Adults with high pre-test probability OSA were recruited from both northern Scotland and London. 40 participants (70 % male, mean±SD age 46.8 ± 12.9 years, BMI 36.9 ± 7.5 kg/m², ESS 14.9 ± 4.1) wore a MM monitor and respiratory polygraphy simultaneously overnight and were randomised (1:1) to receive their treatment decision based on results from either device. Compared to respiratory polygraphy, MM monitor reduced time to treatment decision by 6 days (median(IQR): 13.5 (7.0-21.5) vs. 19.5 (13.7-35.5) days, P = 0.017) and saved an estimated 29 min of staff time per patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has shown that multi-digit number processing is modulated by both place-value and physical size of the digits. By pitting place-value against physical size, the present study examined whether one of the attributes had a greater impact on the automatic processing of multi-digit numbers. In three experiments, participants were presented with two-digit number pairs that appeared in frames. They were instructed to select the larger frame while ignoring the numbers within the frames. Importantly, we manipulated the physical size of the digits (i.e., both decade/unit digits were physically larger) within the frames, the unit–decade compatibility (i.e., the relationship between the numerical values of both decade and unit digits was consistent or inconsistent), and the congruity between the numerical values of the decade digits and the frames' physical size (i.e., decade-value–frame-size congruity). In Experiment 1, where all pairs were unit–decade compatible, a decade-value–frame-size congruity effect emerged for pairs with physically larger decade, but not unit, digits. However, when adding unit–decade incompatible pairs (Experiments 2–3), in unit–decade compatible pairs, there was a decade-value–frame-size congruity effect regardless of the digits' physical size. In contrast, in unit–decade incompatible pairs, there was no decade-value–frame-size congruity effect, even when the physically larger digit (i.e., unit) contradicted the place-value information, presumably due to the cancellation of the opposing influences of the digits' physical sizes their place-values. Overall, these findings suggest that place-value and physical size are intertwined in the Hindu–Arabic numerical system and are processed as one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In multi-touch interfaces, scrolling is a common interactive task. Scrolling performance can help users search and browse content initially off-screen. To evaluate this interaction task by performing analyses and making model assumptions about the interaction process, we divided it into two phases: the search phase and the pointing phase. As a result, quantitative modelling was developed, and two scrolling modes with and without distance feedback were considered. The results of the controlled experiments verified our four proposed mathematical hypotheses of the interaction process and indicated that our model achieved a good fit with and without distance feedback. Our work provides a theoretical foundation for modelling sophisticated scrolling actions and suggestions for user interface designs related to scrolling performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To preserve the benefit of atrial sensing without the implantation of an additional lead, a single‐lead ICD system with a floating atrial dipole (DX ICD) has been developed. The purpose of this nationwide survey was to provide an overview of the current key influences of device selection focusing on DX ICD and to test the applicability of a previously published decision‐making flowchart of ICD‐type selection. Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to all implanting centers in Hungary. Eleven centers reported data from 361 DX ICD and 10 CRT‐DX systems implantations between February 2021 and May 2023. Results: The most important influencing clinical factors indicated by the participating doctors were elevated risk of atrial fibrillation (AF)/stroke (56%), risk of sinus/supraventricular tachycardias (SVT) (42%), and a potential need for CRT upgrade in the future (36%). The DX ICD was considered in the majority of cases instead of the VVI system (87%), and only in a small proportion instead of a DDD ICD (13%). 60% of the patients with DX ICDs were also included into remote monitoring‐based follow‐up. In 83% of the cases, good (>2 mV) or excellent (>5) atrial signal amplitude was recorded within 6 weeks after the implantation. Conclusion: In the current national survey, the most important influencing factors indicated by the implanters for selecting a DX ICD were the elevated risk of stroke or sinus/SVT and a potential need for CRT upgrade in the future. These findings support the use of a previously published decision‐making flowchart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence of harm reduction interventions' morbidity and mortality benefits is abundant and of high quality, so there are good reasons for regional and national groups to advocate for more widespread distribution of legally regulated "drug paraphernalia," including needles, syringes, and fentanyl test strips. But lack of consistency among states' laws means that patients' interstate travel can subject them to being charged with possession of illegal items. This commentary on a case offers guidance to clinicians looking to help patients understand legal risks of interstate travel with supplies that are prescribed or recommended to reduce harms of their drug use and explores the ethical responsibilities of physicians in jurisdictions that legally prohibit these harm reduction interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Device manufacturers and technicians (MaTs) of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems play key roles in the design and successful uptake of communication devices. This study aims to investigate MaT perspectives on AAC device design and effective use. To investigate their perspectives, a focus group of MaTs within Canada was conducted. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze data. Three major themes resulted from analysis, which reflect MaT's views: AAC hardware and software flexibility, AAC knowledge and implementation, and social good versus financial resources. This study provides insights into the complexities faced by MaTs in balancing technical support of system end-users and the financial resources necessary for that support. These insights indicate a need for increased financial resources and the expansion of individuals who qualify for AAC system candidacy. MaTs suggest that an increase in resources and candidacy could lead to more successful AAC implementation and a greater understanding of AAC for all stakeholders. Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC): • AAC technology provides individuals with communication disabilities a form of alternative communication. • The success of AAC systems is dependent on multiple factors including AAC stakeholders, system design, and system implementation. • This study explores AAC manufacturers and technicians perspectives on how to make AAC systems as effective and widely accessible as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The field of robotic-assisted surgery is rapidly growing as many robotic surgical devices are in development and about to enter the market. Currently, there is no universally accepted language for labeling the different robotic systems. To facilitate this communication, we created what is, to our knowledge, the first classification of surgical robotic technologies that organizes and classifies surgical robots used for endoscopy, laparoscopy and thoracoscopy. Methods: We compiled a list of surgical robots intended to be used for endoscopy, laparoscopy, and/or thoracoscopy by searching United States, European, Hong Kong, Japan, and Korean databases for approved devices. Devices showcased at the 2023 Annual Meeting for the Society of Robotic Surgery were added. We also systematically reviewed the literature for any existing surgical robotic classifications or categorizations. We then created a multidisciplinary committee of 8 surgeons and 2 engineers to construct a proposed classification of the devices included in our search. Results: We identified 40 robotic surgery systems intended to be used for endoscopy, laparoscopy and/or thoracoscopy. The proposed classification organizes robotic devices with regard to architecture, port design, and configuration (modular carts, multi-arm integrated cart, table-attachable or arm-table integration). Conclusion: This 3-level classification of robotic surgical devices used for endoscopy, laparoscopy and/or thoracoscopy describes important characteristics of robotic devices systematically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical technologies are pervasive across women's health, spanning across obstetric and gynecological care. FemTech, the sector responsible for developing these technologies, is growing at 15.6% per annum. However, there are concerns of disconnects between new product development (NPD) and the care afforded to women in consequence of implementing these innovations. The most crucial stage of NPD involves understanding the clinical need. Without a clear need and clinical use case, innovators risk developing solutions which do not address the issues women and caregivers experience. Thus, the product will miss the market and experience limited uptake. Tools for performing clinical needs assessments and defining the use case are being developed. This review provides an analysis of their strengths and weaknesses to inform FemTech innovators of the available resources. We further discuss concepts for creating a unified approach to assessing unmet needs such that technologies have a higher chance of improving women's healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To determine the incidence of pressure injuries from medical devices in children. Background: Medical devices can cause pressure injuries on skin and soft tissues. Design: A prospective, descriptive study adhering to STROBE guidelines. Methods: This study was conducted in the third‐level Paediatric Intensive Care Unit of Ege University Hospital in İzmir, Türkiye between April 2019 and October 2019 in Türkiye. Patients aged between 1 month and 18 years with medical devices were observed for pressure injuries using Braden scales and a specific monitoring form. Results: In this study, we followed 522 medical devices applied to 96 patients. The three most commonly used medical devices were the ECG probe (21%), the blood pressure cuff (16%) and the saturation probe. Out of the 522 medical devices followed, 36 caused pressure injuries (6.8%). Conclusion: The incidence of medical device‐related pressure injuries was found to be high. Effective training and implementation strategies need to be devised for paediatric nurses to prevent pressure injuries associated with medical devices. Relevance to Clinical Practice: The results of this study reveal that pressure injuries related to medical devices are an important health problem in paediatric hospitals. Therefore, awareness‐raising and educational activities among health professionals and nurses should be accelerated. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Halo gravity traction (HGT) is a preoperative modality for children with severe spinal deformity used to optimize spine flexibility and balance while decreasing the likelihood of neurologic injury. HGT is a dependable solution for these challenging spinal deformities. Aligning treatment guidelines and providing resources, education, and training for staff are key components for a successful HGT program. The HGT program at Children's Mercy Hospital was then developed with a systems approach with the holistic goal of multidisciplinary collaboration with physical/occupational therapy, hospital medicine, pulmonology, psychology, nutrition, child life, and complex care management. Education, research, and national collaboration to standardize this therapy should improve patient safety and support quality improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This industry survey was conducted to gain insight into the ways structured Benefit-Risk assessment (sBRA) of medical products is approached across drug or medical device developing companies, including frameworks and methods that are currently used and areas where future work is being planned. Methods: A survey containing 28 questions covering five key areas of sBRA was set-up and shared with representatives from the participating companies. Each company was asked to complete a single survey response including inputs across the company's multidisciplinary key representatives involved in benefit-risk assessment. Results: Of the 26 participating companies, 21 (81%) are conducting sBRA. Considering these 21 qualitative frameworks were used by almost every company (19, 90%), while only 12 (57%) have used a quantitative method. Many companies have sBRA training (17, 81%), document templates (16,76%), Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)/checklists (13, 62%), and /or best practice manuals/examples (12,57%) available. Considering all 26 companies Software tools (15, 58%) and BR planning documents (11,42%) were identified as areas into which many companies intend to put effort. Conclusions: The industry survey confirmed a wide usage of sBRA by many companies involved in research and development. Nevertheless, sBRA is evolving and several future opportunities like the implementation of visualization tools were identified by the representatives of the pharmaceutical companies. Finally, challenges like the cross-functional comprehension of the added value of sBRA are still seen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Qualification of medical product evaluation tools is underway in the United States, Europe, and Japan to reflect the advancements in the basic science of medical products. In Europe and the U.S., Guidance of Guidances (GoG) policies that clarify regulators'processes, tasks, and methods of sponsor involvement are adopted to issue tool guidance. However, in Japan, a non-GoG type policy focusing on supporting the research and development for tools without defining a tool guidance-making process has been adopted. Methods: In this study, an analytical framework for the lifecycle of development tools was constructed, including pre- and post-tool qualification processes, to compare the two above-mentioned approaches. For this study, Japanese cases were selected as experimental cases, whereas Western cases served as controls. The progress of tool qualification and composition of deliverables were analyzed. Results and Conclusions: It was indicated that in the GoG type policy, in which processes are defined, and involvement methods are clarified, tool qualification can progress more smoothly than in a non-GoG type policy. This policy indicates that deliverables may have a consistent composition. Contrastingly, GoG-type policies alone present challenges in connecting upstream tools for R&D support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe here mathematical modeling of thermophysical processes in a thermoelectric device (TED) for intracavitary hypothermia. The mathematical model of the TED is based on solution of a system of differential equations of non-stationary thermal conductivity for the "device—biological target" structure. The calculations yielded data on changes in temperature in various parts of the TED and the biological target over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the experiences of nurses and caregivers about the health system bottlenecks to the delivery of child healthcare services in a rural district in Ghana. Design: The study employed a qualitative approach using an exploratory, descriptive design. Methods: Collection of data was through semi‐structured, face‐to‐face interviews with 26 participants in the Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana. Audio recordings of interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed qualitatively. Inductive codes generated were organised into themes and sub‐themes. Results: The main health system bottlenecks that emerged were the poor state of in‐patient facilities, inadequate basic logistics and persistent shortage of essential medicines needed for child healthcare delivery. Conclusions: Health system bottlenecks have the tendency to affect the treatment and hospitalisation outcomes of sick children and eventually impact the state of child healthcare negatively. Concerted efforts by government and local authorities to remove these barriers will help to improve child health and child health outcomes. Public Contribution: A total of 26 participants comprising nurses and caregivers, agreed and participated in this study. Interviews with these participants were conducts either in the health facilities or in the communities where they live. Their responses contributed significantly to the content of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A pressure injury refers to localized damage to the skin and/or tissue due to prolonged pressure, and it has recently been defined to include pressure injuries related to medical devices. Medical device-related pressure injuries occur in various sites and are difficult to detect. Even if it is detected, medical devices are essential to life for critically ill patients. Thus, it is difficult to remove or change the position of the medical device; therefore, prevention is essential. This study aims to integrate the literature on medical device-related pressure injury prevention protocols among critically ill patients. Methods: The literature inclusion criteria were (1) critically ill patients, (2) device-related pressure injury interventions, (3) randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs, and (4) written in Korean or English. The literature search and selection were performed following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions with the support of the PRISMA Guidelines. Results: Twelve articles were finally selected. The incidence of medical device-related pressure injury decreased from 8.1–96.7% before intervention to 0.3–53.3% after intervention, respectively. Medical device-related pressure injury prevention was effective in reducing medical device-related pressure injury incidence when applied to patients of all ages, from neonates to adults, in a variety of intensive care units. Medical device-related pressure injury prevention strategies include nurse education, assessment, documentation, and interventions (hygiene, repositioning, emergent therapy such as protective dressing or designed equipment reducing pressure) of pressure injury. Pressure injury dressings primarily included hydrocolloid foam dressings, but transparent hydrocolloid formulations also effectively reduced medical device-related pressure injury incidence rates. Conclusions: In the future, it is necessary to increase the level of evidence by applying specialized medical device-related pressure injury prevention methods for different medical devices and areas of pressure injuries, and verifying their effectiveness. Trial registration: The review protocol was registered (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022346450). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose To evaluate pharmacists' perceptions of the benefits of and barriers to telehealth as experienced in actual telehealth visits with patients. Methods This qualitative study used virtual focus groups and a validated questionnaire (the Health Optimum Telemedicine Acceptance [HOTA] survey) to assess telehealth facilitators and barriers. Participants were included if they were licensed pharmacists utilizing telehealth in the outpatient setting. Pharmacist focus group responses were transcribed and analyzed using Miles and Huberman's qualitative data analysis model. Results Six pharmacists participated in this study. Their responses were placed into 2 categories: clinical effectiveness and patient experience. All participants had performed at least 20 virtual visits, and all agreed that telehealth improved patients' health status. Respondents agreed that telehealth results in more frequent patient interactions and allows for provision of multiple types of care virtually. However, technological difficulties and the inability to provide physical examinations and obtain laboratory values were identified limitations. The surveyed pharmacists agreed that the main benefit that patients gained from telehealth was the elimination of transportation concerns, allowing increased access to care. However, pharmacists voiced their concern for patient privacy and barriers to educating patients on proper use of medical devices. Conclusion Pharmacists felt that telehealth was useful in several clinical scenarios. However, they also identified opportunities to improve its development in clinical practice. Further investigation must be done to better grasp impediments to telehealth in order to provide the most effective patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) recent authorization of DermaSensor, an AI-enabled device for skin cancer detection in primary care, marks a pivotal moment in digital health innovation. Clinically, the authorization of the first AI-enabled device for use by non-specialists for detecting skin cancer reinforces the feasibility of digital health technologies to bridge gaps in access and expertise in medical practice. The authorization also establishes a new regulatory precedent for FDA authorization of medical devices incorporating AI and machine learning (ML) technologies within dermatology. Together, this article uses the DermaSensor authorization to examine the clinical evidence and regulatory implications of emerging AI-enabled technologies in dermatology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives Covid-19 was declared a public health emergency by World Health Organization in jan 2020. Public fear, quarantine, and shutdown created an unpredictable situation for healthcare services worldwide, which created a great challenge for blood transfusion services. Materials and Methods In a cross-sectional study, the data about the request, distribution, and waste of blood products were collected and compared in two time periods (March and February 2019 and March and February 2020) before and at the time or Covid-19 pandemic with test of proportion. The poisson regression test was used to compare the amount of waste, request, and distribution of blood products in two consecutive years. Results The request for red blood cells before the pandemic was 920,591 units, but it decreased by 18% to 754,052 units, and the distribution of red blood cells decreased by 17.3% at the time of pandemic, because of the cancellation of surgeries and general quarantine. The RBC wastage decreased from 25878 to 12837 units, a reduction of 50.3% (p = 0.03). However, the demand for leukoreduced red blood cells rose by 10.8%, yet wastage also increased by 8.8%. Waste in red blood cell bags for infants quadrupled during the pandemic. Plasma requests decreased by 4.9%, with a 7.2% decline in distribution, yet plasma waste increased by 6.8%. At pandemic time, Platelet requests decreased by 19%, distribution decreased by 15.6%, and waste decreased by 32.3%. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, the waste of RBCs and platelets was reduced. The distribution-to-demand ratio remained relatively stable throughout the pandemic time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene is the property of Canadian Dental Hygienists Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: we aim to assess the contribution of the EarPopper device to hearing in children with middle ear effusion (MEE). Methods: The study has three parts, including 1. tympanometry and audiometry before and six weeks after using the EarPopper to evaluate the treatment's effect over time compared to a control group; 2. tympanometry before and immediately after using the EarPopper to evaluate immediate changes in middle ear pressure (MEP); 3. length of effect 90 min after use to assess pressure fluctuations over time. Results: Part 1 was a follow-up six weeks after using the device, and the patients in the study group that completed the study showed a significant improvement in hearing threshold. The average gain in hearing threshold ranged from 9.1 dB to 14 dB compared to the control group's max improvement of 1.1 dB. In addition, MEP was significantly improved in the study group, as most Type Bs improved to Type A and C. Part 2 was the tympanometry immediately after using EarPopper and showed the majority of Type Cs turned into Type As. The majority of Type Bs remained unchanged. Part 3 was a follow-up 90 min after use; Type Cs that had improved to Type A demonstrated a decrease in pressure and return to negative pressure. Conclusions: use of the EarPopper device for six weeks is associated with an improved hearing threshold and middle ear status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) are a well-known complication of pancreatitis. PFCs operative management includes percutaneous, endoscopic or surgical drainage. Even if in adult patients, endoscopic drainage is a well-established treatment, few data are available in pediatric setting. We report our single-center experience of EUS-guided cystogastrostomy and lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) positioning in children with PFCs; this, at the best of our knowledge, has never been reported before. All consecutive children with PFCs between April 2020 and November 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective study. PFCs were preoperatively evaluated with MRI or CT scan. All the procedures were performed under general anesthesia. A LAMS Hot-AxiosTM 10 × 15 mm was placed in all patients. We evaluated technical feasibility and clinical outcomes, including complications and recurrence rates. Follow-up included clinical observation, blood tests and US. EUS-guided cystogastrostomy was performed in 3 children (2 males; median age 13.2 years). Median maximum cyst diameter was 14.7 cm (range 10–22 cm). Technical and clinical success rates were 100%. No intra or post-operative complications occurred. Our experience suggests that this can be considered a safe and feasible treatment of PCFs even in the pediatric population, as long as the procedure is performed by an expert Endoscopist in a pediatric tertiary-level Center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This retrospective study investigated the efficacy of endovascular treatment with multilayer flow modulators (MFMs) for treating aortic aneurysms in high-risk patients unsuitable for conventional treatments. Conducted from 2011 to 2019 at a single center, this retrospective observational study included 17 patients who underwent endovascular treatment with MFMs. These patients were selected based on their unsuitability for traditional surgical or endovascular procedures. The study involved meticulous pre-procedural planning, precise implantation of MFMs, and follow-up using CT angiography. The primary focus was on volumetric and flow volume changes in aneurysms, along with traditional diameter measurements. Moreover, the technical success and post-procedural complications were also registered. The technical success rate was 100%, and 30-day procedural complication rate was 17.6%. Post-treatment assessments revealed that 11 out of 17 patients showed a decrease in flow volume within the aneurysm sac, indicative of a favorable hemodynamic response. The median decrease in flow volume was 12 ml, with a median relative decrease of 8%. However, there was no consistent reduction in aneurysm size; most aneurysms demonstrated a median increase in volume for 46 ml and median increase in diameter for 18 mm. While MFMs offer a potential alternative for high-risk aortic aneurysm patients, their effectiveness in preventing aneurysm expansion is limited. The results suggest that MFMs can provide a stable hemodynamic environment but do not reliably reduce aneurysm size. This underscores the need for ongoing vigilance and long-term monitoring in patients treated with this technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flavor additives are commonly used in combustible tobacco products to mask harshness and increase appeal. However, research on the availability of flavored waterpipe tobacco (WT) is lacking, yet is important to support implementation of policies. We completed a comprehensive online search in 2020 to identify WT brands and flavors sold online in the USA. We conducted a descriptive content analysis categorizing flavors as explicit (i.e., clear taste/flavor) or concept (i.e., no clear taste/flavor); and coded for 23 flavor descriptors (e.g., fruit, mint/menthol, tobacco). Flavor names were double-coded and discrepancies were resolved by a third coder. We identified 66 WT brands with 118 product lines (i.e., sub-brands). We found 2953 flavors, including 1871 unique flavors. Brands averaged 45 flavors (range: 1–183). Almost three quarters (73.5%, n = 2171) used explicit flavor names and 26.5% (n = 782) used concept flavor names. Concept flavors varied widely, and included names such as 1001 Nights and California Dream. The most common flavor descriptors were fruit (54.1%) and mint/menthol (12.5%). Tobacco was rarely (0.2%) used as a flavor descriptor. Flavor descriptors also included location (10.7%), color (11.1%), candy (6.3%), cool/ice (5.3%), and alcohol (5.5%). WT is available in 1871 unique flavors, likely contributing to product appeal and use. Like other tobacco products, fruit and mint/menthol are common flavors. Given the significant health consequences associated with WT smoking and the role of flavors in product use, regulatory action specifically targeting WT flavors is urgently needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Postoperative adhesions can be prevented by the use of bioabsorbable anti-adhesion barriers. Although the occurrence of postoperative bowel obstruction is an important concern for patients, at the time of approval of anti-adhesion barriers, its effectiveness in preventing postoperative bowel obstruction had not been evaluated. We aimed to retrospectively evaluate the incidence of bowel obstruction after colectomy in patients with colon cancer using an insurance claims database. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the data of colon cancer patients (between 2005 and 2017 from a national insurance claims database) who underwent colectomies to compare the proportion of individuals with postoperative bowel obstruction between the barrier and no barrier groups. Results: Of the 587 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 308 and 279 patients were identified as the barrier and no barrier groups, respectively. The incidence of postoperative bowel obstruction was significantly lower in the barrier group (log-rank test, P = 0.0483). The cumulative incidence of postoperative bowel obstruction 37 months after the initial colectomy was 6.1% and 10.9% in the barrier and no barrier groups, respectively. Moreover, consistent results were obtained in the matched cohort. Conclusion: In colectomies for patients with colon cancer, the use of anti-adhesion barriers could significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative bowel obstruction. Evaluations using insurance claims databases could provide important information on outcomes following implementation of medical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Intrasession reliabilities of isometric knee extension kinetics via portable strain gauge have been reported across several knee joint angles and constraints. However, intersession variabilities, which are more valuable, have yet to be determined. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the intersession variability of knee extension kinetics over 3 testing sessions using an affordable and portable strain gauge. Design: Participants performed maximum voluntary isometric contractions of the knee extensors over 3 sessions. Methods: Eleven (6 men and 5 women; 31 [6.4] y) volunteers performed maximum voluntary isometric contractions in constrained (isokinetic setup with thigh and chest straps) and unconstrained (treatment plinth) conditions. Peak force (PF), peak rate of force development, rate of force development (RFD), and impulse (IMP) from 20% to 80% of PF were assessed. Means, SDs, percentage changes, minimal detectable changes, coefficients of variation (CV), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated and reported. Results: PF had the lowest intersession variability regardless of condition (CV = 5.5%–13.8%, ICC =.67–.93). However, variability of peak rate of force development (CV [range] = 12.2%–24.7%, ICC =.50–.78), RFD (CV = 10.0%–26.8%, ICC =.48–.84), and IMP (CV = 15.2%–35.4%, ICC =.44–.88) was moderate at best. The constrained condition (CV [SD] = 14.1% [4.8%], ICC =.74 [.08]) had lower variability compared with the plinth (CV = 19.8% [7.9%], ICC =.68 [.15]). Variability improved from sessions 1 to 2 (CV = 20.4% [7.7%], ICC =.64 [.14]) and to sessions 2 to 3 (CV = 15.3% [6.4%], ICC =.76 [.10]). Conclusions: PF can be assessed regardless of setup. However, RFD and IMP changes across sessions should be approached with caution. Backrests and thigh straps improve RFD and IMP variability, and at least 1 familiarization session should be provided before relying on knee-extensor kinetics while utilizing a portable strain gauge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of current split-mouth study was to compare the implant treatment outcomes of hybrid-surface implants (minimally rough implant collar and moderately rough body) with moderately rough implants after 5 years in patients with a bar-supported mandibular overdenture. Fully edentulous patients were enrolled, and each patient received two implants: one moderately rough and one hybrid-surface implant. A total of 18 patients with 36 implants attended the 5-year recall, and the implant survival rate was 100%. The 5-year evaluation showed no significant difference in crestal bone loss or peri-implant health between the hybrid and moderately rough implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation was designed to evaluate crestal bone stability and soft tissue maintenance to Laser-Lok tapered tissue-level implants. Twelve patients presenting with an edentulous site adequate for the placement of two implants were recruited from four dental offices (2 to 4 patients per office). Each patient received two Laser-Lok tissue-level implants placed with a 3-mm interimplant distance according to a surgical stent. The implants were placed so that the Laser-Lok zone sat at the junction between hard and soft tissues. A total of 24 implants were placed, and all achieved satisfactory crestal bone stability and soft tissue maintenance 1 year after receiving the final prosthetic restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Numerical simulations have demonstrated the superior bending flexibility of auxetic stents compared to conventional stent designs for endovascular procedures. However, conventional stent manufacturing techniques struggle to produce complex auxetic stent designs, fueling the adoption of additive manufacturing techniques. Methods: In this study, we employed DMLS additive manufacturing to create Titanium Ti64 alloy stent prototypes based on auxetic stent designs investigated in a previous study. These prototypes were then subjected to experimental three-point bending tests. Result: The experimental results were replicated using a finite element model, which showed remarkable accuracy in predicting the bending flexibility of four auxetic stents and two conventional stents. Discussion: Although this validation study demonstrates the promising potential of DMLS and other additive manufacturing methods for fabricating auxetic stents, further optimization of current stent design limitations and the incorporation of post-processing techniques are essential to enhance the reliability of these additive manufacturing processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a valuable clinical tool used at the patient bedside to rapidly assess a wide variety of symptoms and problems which would otherwise take hours or even days. Though it has become the standard of care in Emergency Medicine and is becoming so in hospital internal medicine, less uptake has been appreciated in the outpatient setting despite reported interest from clinicians practicing there. A number of common barriers have been cited to explain this gap in use, which usually include access to equipment, mentorship, and time. In this review we present a proposed framework for clinicians who have an interest in implementing POCUS in their outpatient practice which we hope can mitigate some of these barriers and provide a more streamlined pathway to their desired goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]