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The article focuses on the case Stern v. Marshall, which involved the estate of billionaire J. Howard Marshall, and Anna Nicole Smith's stepson, E. Pierce Marshall, who was the beneficiary of his father's estate. The article examines the relevant bankruptcy law, the parties' lives during the prolonged battle, how the media continued to influence Smith's narrative, and the significance and reception of the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Stern.

The article provides a profile of Joan Charnley, a textile designer, botanical artist, and teacher, outlining her educational background, career, and contributions. It then discusses her legacy after her passing in 2016, focusing on the unexpected gift of her estate, including 50 years of original textile designs, to her neighbors Julian Bovis and Nigel Durkan.

Jean Rameau led a life as a 'good' father: throughout his lifetime, he put money aside in an attempt to assure his numerous children a future free from want. A study of his numerous wills and codicils nevertheless reveals the tensions that existed in the Rameau household, notably between Jean Rameau and his two surviving sons, Jean-Philippe and Claude Bernard. Yet despite this strained relationship, Jean-Philippe was in later life to adopt attitudes very close to those of his father, as a detailed study of the surviving documents will reveal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the U.S. supreme court's impending decision on Mcllvaine v. Coxe's Lessee. Topics discussed include replacement of Tench Coxe's counsel from William Tilghman to Peter Stephen Du Ponceau, Tench Coxe's attempt to sell off his aunt Rebecca Coxe's estate to pay off debts, and supreme court's decision based on mutual understanding of the parties to have equal shares in the estate.

The article focuses on the after effects of the supreme court's decision in the case of Mcllvaine v. Coxe's Lessee. Topics discussed include Daniel Coxe's sister Grace Coxe Kempe's lawsuit in relation to confiscation of the property held in her own name before her marriage, supreme court's failure to grant her relief due to insufficient jurisdiction, and lawsuit filed by Daniel Coxe's widow demanding a dower right on the lands he owned.

This article addresses 'statutory wills' executed under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 ( MCA) for persons with impaired mental capacity. The article provides an overview of the historical development of statutory wills, before exploring their rising contemporary significance. It considers the shift from the previous 'hypothetical substituted judgment' test to the contemporary 'best interests' orientation of the MCA. The article assesses the problems that the best interests approach raises in this area, and its (in)compatibility with the right to equal recognition before the law under the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, arguing that the pervasive reach of best interests in contemporary mental capacity law requires reconsideration. The paper concludes by suggesting that a more limited framing of the power to execute statutory wills is required in order to appropriately balance the rights of individuals with disabilities with practical considerations around the distribution of assets on death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States federal estate tax, in a variant of its current form, has been in effect for almost a century, and the charitable bequest deduction has been allowed since the enactment of the tax. Although there has been much discussion of what effect repeal of the estate tax may have on charitable bequests, the evidence for the suggested effects is conflicting. Proponents of the estate tax state that charitable organizations will experience a significant reduction in bequests if the estate tax is eliminated; however, there appears to be a lack of consensus on this possible effect of changing estate tax rates. Previous research has provided mixed and conflicting evidence regarding the effect of changes in estate tax rates on charitable bequests. The purpose of this quantitative study was to identify and analyze the relationship, if any, between changes in estate tax rates, age, gender, marital status, number of heirs, and wealth and the dollar amount of charitable bequests. The study was conducted using an ex post facto multiple regression/correlational design to analyze the probate court records data of 169 estates of decedents from three Michigan counties who died from 2000 to 2010. Supplemental analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and chi square analysis. The findings of the study indicated estate tax rates and the decedent's wealth were positively correlated with the dollar amount of charitable bequests, whereas the number of heirs was negatively correlated with the dollar amount of charitable bequests. No significant relationship was identified between the decedent's age, gender, or marital status and the dollar amount if charitable bequests. Supplemental analysis found gender and the existence of heirs to be significantly related to the decision to leave a charitable bequest, with women and those without heirs more likely to leave a bequest. Because the variables in this study explained only a small portion of the variation in the dollar amount of charitable bequests, further research is recommended to determine other factors that may explain why individuals leave charitable bequests and how they determine the amount of those bequests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the judicial opinion of the Norwalk-Wilton Probate Court, Connecticut, in the case of In Re: O., a minor, in which the Court denied the motions to dismiss the application for the Guardian of the Estate filed by the surviving spouse of a victim of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. It informs that the decedent's wife and daughter were entitled to benefits under the Air Transportation and Safety and System Stabilization Act and the 9/11 Victim Compensation Fund.

If the rule is ineffective testamentary transfer on benefit heirs whose inheritance rights would be reduced, or, where appropriate, non-existent, except for the vulgar substitution and tied disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legal inheritance vocation is one of the general conditions required by law to be performed by a person against another person, because the former can access the legacy of the latter according to legal rules (legal succession). While inheritance vocation makes inheritance rights as abstract skill, become potential inheritance vocation specific, more restrictive, gives effectiveness of the right to inheritance. To be in the presence of legal succession vocations concrete is required, in addition to the general conditions of the right to inherit, to be cumulatively met another condition special question in what concerns the surviving spouse, it own quality of spouse inheritance opening date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Iurisprudentia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The strong dislike evidenced by the American public towards the estate tax suggests that the wealthy wish to transfer resources to their heirs tax-free and would thus exploit mechanisms allowing them to reduce the tax burden whenever possible. However, I find strong evidence that the wealthy fail to utilize what is perhaps the simplest method of tax avoidance--that of making transfers to eventual heirs up to the annual exclusion. Instead they transfer far less than the amount permitted by the tax code, whether measured in cross-section or over time. In failing to give more, they forgo significant tax savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the trial stages required for checking the Federal Estate and Gift Tax Spousal Portability. It informs that estate tax exclusion amount of any spouse can be transferred to their surviving spouse under the consideration of Congress enacted portability which is a part of the Tax Relief Act of 2012. It discusses the method for applying the portability provisions in order to reach the policy goals behind portability.

Executive Summary. This paper uses a composite index to examine the attractiveness of 66 countries worldwide for institutional real estate investments. The index construction is based on the parameters found in prior research that determine real estate investment activity on an aggregated country level. The index reveals a country ranking that correlates reasonably with commercial real estate investments, as proven by back-tests over six years. The findings increase the transparency of market variables for decision-making in global real estate asset allocation and provide the key determinants that shape real estate markets within countries. The results also highlight the strengths and weaknesses of developed, emerging, and challenged economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the price effects of environmental certification on commercial real estate assets. It is argued that there are likely to be three main drivers of price differences between certified and noncertified buildings. These are additional occupier benefits, lower holding costs for investors and a lower risk premium. Drawing upon the CoStar database of U.S. commercial real estate assets, hedonic regression analysis is used to measure the effect of certification on both rent and price. The results suggest that, compared to buildings in the same submarkets, eco-certified buildings have both a rental and sale price premium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the contradiction of laws in Valencia, Spain, during the 16th through the 17th centuries in regards to inheritance and entail of property. The author describes the regulation of entail under Valencian fueros and its inherent conflict with Castilian law, which was implemented in the region during this time period. He also considers the ambiguous nature in which the laws were written, including confusion surrounding proper ownership of property, order of succession, and the legal status of illegitimate children.

The article examines the need for China to change the mandatory share doctrine due to the country's outdated necessary portion doctrine which does not fit the current societal need of the country. It recommends that China must follow the mandatory share doctrine of Taiwan, asserting that it is the product of Chinese culture and tradition and will suit to the cultural and societal needs of China. It also discusses the proposed draft of inheritance-law provisions.

The corporate attribution rule (CAR) can present a significant challenge to practitioners in planning and implementing estate freezes. While CAR is relevant to all transfers or loans to corporations, this article focuses on the application of CAR to some common estate-freeze scenarios and discusses various planning options. These scenarios include "drop-down" freezes and stock dividend freezes. Particular attention is paid to the Canada Revenue Agency's interpretations relating to CAR with a view to providing insight as to potential assessing practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses estate planning concerns on pre-and postnuptial agreements. The Uniform Probate Code (UPC), which is adopted by several U.S. states including Alaska, Colorado, and New Mexico, is a compilation of laws governing the probate and distribution of the estate of a deceased person. Marital agreements refer to contracts defining the property relations of the spouses during the marriage. In several community property states, common forms of marital property relations include community property, separate property and tenants in common.

A niece tells the story of serving as a co-executrix in settling her aunt's modest estate. Lessons learned include recognizing that when named persons in a will die, it is wise to have a list of their children; that a will from one state may be seen as foreign in an adjacent state; that ethical issues have to be considered in the settlement process; that updated contact information for any sources of money (no matter how small) is mandatory; and that one must consider contingencies that could impact the distribution of assets to heirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the aspects to consider in the creation of entitlements in discretionary trusts in Australia. Topics mentioned include the Fischer v Nemeske Pty Ltd court case which deals with a trustee's resolution to make a capital distribution, practical, commercial and tax issues associated with the creation of the entitlement, such as the liquidity of the assets and the judgments in the case, and the role of such entitlement to enlarge the estate of an individual.

This article investigates the relationship between inheritance and wealth in the context of eighteenth-century Ottoman Kastamonu. Based on the estate inventories of the deceased (sing. tereke) as recorded in Kastamonu court records (sicils), the article introduces a variety of quantitative techniques to measure the impact of Islamic inheritance practices on wealth accumulation across subsequent generations and to understand how it influenced wealth mobility among various socioeconomic groups. The estimations provided in this article suggest that while the inheritance practice in Kastamonu caused wealth fragmentation, the process also contributed to the durability of economic divisions within the provincial Ottoman society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the dispersal of the inheritance of publisher and print dealer Antonio Lafreri. It notes that the division of inheritance did not started until the end of 1580 and the delay was believed to be due to the investigations into the murder of Gerolamo Modenese who have worked into the shop of Lafreri. The article also presents archival documents including some inventories of engraved plates which demonstrates the dispersal of the inheritance. It begins with a brief biography of Lafreri and mentions the heirs of the heritage.

The article examines the process of testamentary transfer at death and examines the role of the will for a legal transfer of one's estate at death in the U.S. It provides a discussion of the problems that arise from the fact that the testamentary transfer process has become fragmented. Moreover, it explores how the will has become significantly maligned as a tool for effecting the gratuitous transfer of property interests at death.

The article focuses on soldier and diplomat Gianfrancesco Gonzaga, third son of Marchese Ludovico Gonzaga of Mantua and Barbara of Brandenburgh. He was born in 1446 and educated with his elder brothers by Ognibene da Lonigo, Bartolomeo Sacchi, Gianfrancesco Soardi (or Suardi). He maintained a close relationship throughout his life with his brother Cardinal Francesco Gazaga. He was a condottiere and from 1465-79 was in the service of King Ferrante of Naples. In 1479 he married Antonia del Balzo, daughter of Pirro, Prince of Altamura and Duke of Venosa, and the couple had ten surviving children. He is best known for the detailed inventory of his estate after his death and the author explores Gonzaga's personality based on the library records of his books.

Abstract: This paper investigates the challenge posed by an optimal balance of land use because of chronic land resource scarcity, in conjunction with the growing requirement for quality-intensive industrial accommodation in the island-state city of Singapore. Optimizing land resource, under a strong physical planning framework and its physical planning administration, is envisaged to set the conditions that facilitate the creation of values for urban industrial real estate assets. This value creation enables urban industrial real estate values to find their steady state levels, under a structure of causal links. It can significantly represent, although not completely, the efficient price mechanism for allocating land to its highest and best industrial use. Thus, a generalized multiple regression analysis model is estimated to robustly explain urban industrial real estate asset value in terms of the structural price-discovery factors, under the physical planning framework and its administration. This paper extends the urban real estate valuation model to incorporate a geographic information system that enables a spatial distribution analysis of urban industrial real estate asset values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Most parents divide their bequests equally among their children, whereas inter-vivos transfers are usually unequal. We propose that exchange is better for inducing inter-vivos transfers than bequests. Inter-vivos transfers can be adjusted quickly to the amount of care, are less costly than writing a will, and can be kept secret from other family members and the public. The results from national longitudinal data show that, as expected, if a parent gives any inter-vivos transfers, she is more likely to give to children who provide informal care. Informal care has no effect on the equality of intended bequests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unmarried parents in the AHEAD study derive the majority of their long-term care hours from their children, and childcaregivers are generally unpaid. This paper examines the extent to which the division of end-of-life transfers compensates caregiving children. In a model of siblings' altruistic contribution of care to a shared parent, the parent's estate division is found to influence total family care, even where care contingencies are unenforced. Evidence in the AHEAD data that end-of-life transfers favor both current and expected caregivers, and that children make altruistic but resource-constrained caregiving decisions, is consistent with a theory of estate division in which planned end-of-life transfers elicit care from altruistic children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relates an author's childhood memories of a farm life in Arkansas. Description of the family estate; Attractions of the property; Escalation of disagreements between the author and her sister due to the settlement of the property.

The article explores the explanations given by mothers in the U.S. who participated in the 1999 National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women and Mature Women, on why they intend to divide their estates unequally among their children. The data for a sample of 45- to 80-year-old mothers include a feature not available in other surveys which assessed the relative importance of alternative motives for parental transfers: verbatim explanations of why mothers intend to divide their estates unequally among their children. The analysis indicates that a variety of motives come into play when mothers determine the allocation of their estates. Relatively few mothers intend to differentiate among their children in making bequests, but those who do are equally likely to provide explanations that are consistent with altruism and explanations that suggest exchange. Among mothers with adopted children or stepchildren, a surprisingly large number refer to their children's biological status in their response. Factors such as poor maternal health, the presence of non-biological children and increased within-family variation in children's predicted income are associated with a higher probability of unequal bequests.

This study investigates the long-run stochastic properties of real estate assets by geographical breakdown. We also study their linkages with financial assets. The initial tests find that almost all property types exhibit the presence of nonstationarity. Thus, cointegrated methodologies are used. Structural breakpoints identified in the literature are used as a guide to divide the data into two windows, 1983-1989 and 1990-1996. The results show that real estate in the different regions exhibit a closer relationship with each other in the second period, compared with the first. Also, strong linkages between real estate regions and financial assets are noted in the second period. The South is the only region to exhibit segmentation in both periods. Overall, the information derived from our analysis sheds light on linkages among real estate assets and between real estate and financial assets and also provides a framework for creating diversified portfolios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a conceptual analysis of smoothing in the second moments of appraisal-based returns series in commercial real estate. The intent of the article is to lay the groundwork necessary for the more scientific use of appraisal-based returns time series for the purpose of inferring the true second moments. Formal smoothing models are presented together with their theoretical implications for smoothing in various second moments of interest to investment analysts. Empirical estimators for inferring true moments from appraisal-based data are described. Limited empirical findings from previous literature are also briefly discussed in the light of the theoretical findings of this study. The overall conclusion is that appraisal-based returns can be very useful in studying the risk characteristics of commercial real estate assets, provided that this type of data is corrected for smoothing as discussed in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]