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This paper discusses experiences of everyday racism as narrated by South Sudanese refugee-background informants living in Australia. The paper draws on accounts of verbal and physical attacks reported during a sociolinguistic interview about the refugee experience and adaptation to the Australian lifestyle. The study contributes to the exploration of features of refugee narratives, using the socio-interactional approach to narrative analysis. Selected stories about racism are explored using positioning theory, paying attention to the discursive strategies narrators use to position themselves in the interactional world of the interview setting as well as the story-world. Their narratives demonstrate that despite the harsh experiences of everyday racism, they position themselves as resilient and strong individuals. They do this by drawing on their refugee history and making references to harder times. However, the stories also reveal their mitigation strategies to soften the accounts and either downplay or deny racism. However, by sharing their stories and making explicit evaluative statements about social injustice, they mobilise their agency to make their story heard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Anthropology / Anthropologie Sociale is the property of Berghahn Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The emergence of critical policy studies networks is evident in the proliferation of network-building efforts. These coincide with the rise of epistemic communities and sub-communities through existing, active platforms and interactive exchanges. Based on participatory observations, content analysis, and discussions with key informants, this article seeks to map out the range of established networks that have been formed for critical and interpretive orientation in policy studies. The article unpacks the platforms, activities, and key focuses exhibited by these networks; and after that, analyzes both their common grounds and differences. Emerging with one another together, these networks encourage and produce critical and interpretive approaches, albeit with differing shades in how they approach knowledge. The significance of these networks will largely depend on which kinds, or shades, of knowledge become salient. There is a prospect of establishing connections among critical policy studies networks as they share among one another in developing these interconnections. The purpose of this article effort is to offer a map to inquirers in order to help them better orient themselves to their task, which is not simply further mapping, but also includes furthering the development of critical policy studies networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I contend that a project of recovering one's ethnographic archive can engender not only a process of reflexivity, including on one's positionality, but also offer a heuristic device for exploring wider ethnographic issues. In starting with a reflection on my position as a white male researcher in Namibia, I focus my analysis to a broader exploration of whiteness in Namibia, and the enduring presence of apartheid in the (post)-apartheid era. In building on Tina Campt's haptic, I confront my own nostalgia and hauntings which emerged during the course of retrieving the orphaned ethnographic archive. In the process, I made space for making sense of the nostalgia and hauntings of other whites in Namibia, and more broadly, for exploring the relationship between whiteness and the (post)-apartheid condition. Further, I argue that a new vocabulary and orthography are needed for engaging with the (post)-apartheid condition. In traversing it as a series of puncta, I explore the complex interrelationship between whiteness' hauntings – its historical claims on people, space and time – and the ways in which apartheid's traces continue to haunt whiteness in the (post)-apartheid period. Haunting and haunted, I argued that white people's experiences, narratives and perceptions in Namibia are characterized by historical inequalities and privilege, as well as a sense of dislocation and dispossession. Ultimately, it is my belief that, as noted earlier, (post)-apartheid must be viewed as a condition that does not yet fully exist, but can only be desired, being understood as deferred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a strategy, named as Model of Social Cognitive Networks, for collecting relational data from key informants. We offer a solution to the double problem of, on the one hand, defining the boundary of a network of interactions, and on the other hand, collecting data from a complete network based on the perception of informants who are privileged observers of the social process under study. The design was implemented as part of a diagnostic on the dynamics of community relations in traditional fishing communities, in the service of a research-action project (PESCARTE), in the field of environmental education, on the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The proposal combines techniques for collecting data from personal networks and complete networks. The instruments elaborated for data collection and the procedures used to validate the strategy are detailed. Article financed by the Environmental Education Project (PEA) PESCARTE, a mitigation initiative required by the Federal Environmental License conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article outlines a methodological posture that I consciously adopted during recent ethnographic fieldwork. I call this methodological posture "belief-inclusive research" (BIR), and I see it as a complementary contrast to existing methodological frameworks that suggest the bracketing out of a researcher's own beliefs. I offer BIR as a distinctive methodological posture for ethnographers who work in and with religious contexts. I demonstrate that the long-standing tradition of bracketing out questions of metaphysical truth during the writing-up phases of anthropology seems to have also impacted the fieldwork phase. I explore the ways that some degree of shared belief—which, crucially, I do not limit to doctrinal beliefs—between researcher and informants has the potential to widen a researcher's access to certain types of data. In highlighting that the long-standing practice of bracketing has limited a researcher's access to some kinds of data and in offering BIR as a new methodological posture, this article lays the groundwork for anthropology to construct new conceptual spaces that actively encourage a researcher to include their own (religious) beliefs and doubts in the midst of fieldwork. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The participation and meaningful engagement of older people are strongly supported because of their individual and communal benefits. Currently there is a lack of general understanding of how older people participate in research activities. The purpose of this review was to examine the ways older people participate in learning studies. A search of abstracts of empirical studies published in English was conducted in three databases between 2015 and 2019 using scoping review methodology. The results showed that most often older people did participate as study subjects in clinical studies. Other participant roles included informants, partners, and multiple roles. The review addressed a paucity in qualitative and participatory roles in older people's learning studies. All participant roles are still needed to provide various standpoints for learning studies. Further studies are suggested to provide various meaningful and participatory ways for older people to get involved in research activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comparativ: Leipziger Beiträge zur Universalgeschichte und Vergleichenden Gesellschaftsforschung is the property of Leipziger Universitaetsverlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of AdBispreneur: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Administrasi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan is the property of AdBispreneur: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Administrasi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aimed to document the various traditional hand tools and implements used in performing different agricultural activities in selected tribal and non-tribal households of Assam. Traditional hand tools and implements are easy to operate, cheap and used manually. A survey was conducted to gather information from the selected 100 households by 'Probability Proportionate to Size (PPS) technique' from two districts i.e., Jorhat and Karbi Anglong based on non-tribal and tribal (hill tribe) households population. Data were gathered by observation and interview method conducted with purposively selected informants. The study revealed that farmers of Assam still use traditional tools and implements. The detailed information about each tool was collected and informative notes were taken. A total of 22 tools documented during this study are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes a "natural history approach" (Erickson, 1982) in describing and analyzing the making of a fanciful object—a wind sculpture—by a young woman and a staff scientist in a youth outreach program called X‐Tech at the San Francisco Exploratorium. Working from audio‐video footage, audio recordings, and in situ notes, I provide a report of how a wind sculpture evolved from idea to functioning artifact over the course of two days. I draw on a six‐year ethnographic relationship with a network of educators at the Exploratorium to situate the conjoint social action. The "characters" in this account are the adult and youth participants along with the material and ideational tools. I show how opportunities to engage in experiences that foster growth were made common and plentiful by this network of educators and youth participants. I also show how those opportunities were generated and entered into by participants of different ages and social roles, and how people made their way through opportunities to learn by thinking and talking in tandem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing from a range of ethnographic information gathered within a participatory design project on after‐school learning and educational justice, this paper describes the new ways of seeing and relating that emerged when researchers and educators "examined the obvious" (Erickson 1973/84) and closely analyzed the embodied—physical, gestural, artifact‐mediated—dimensions of learning interactions. As participants co‐analyzed field notes, photographs and video recordings of educator–student interactions during making and tinkering activities, they began to notice the forms of embodied assistance that cultivated or stifled rich forms of joint activity and consider the subjective meanings this layer of experience held for participants. This emergent lens was shared through various forms of professional development and gave life to a sustained practice of intentionality and reflective intuition among educators. Our analyses contribute to prior research on embodiment by tracing the emergence of "hands and eyes" (as it was referred to by participants) as a form of ethical perception and considering how educators learned to revise their embodied actions to organize more generative learning experiences with children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women are increasingly the target of agricultural development programs aimed at reducing poverty and food insecurity, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. Some feminist scholars argue that such efforts are driven more by concerns about the efficient use of resources than the rights of women and do little to transform gendered power relations. We examine how development interventions that target women affect household well‐being, especially food insecurity, empower women, and transform gendered power relations. Our study uses the case of the Gates Foundation funded East Africa Dairy Development (EADD) program in Uganda. Our methods include the Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index survey and in‐depth interviews of women farmers and key informants, within the EADD program. We argue that the livestock sector provides critical insights into women's empowerment because livestock are not "socially neutral" in their gendered effects. Our study found that: (1) ownership of dairy cows enhanced important dimensions of women's empowerment and gender equity that benefited women and households; (2) women's labor responsibilities for dairy cows disempowered some women by increasing their time poverty and; (3) ownership of dairy cows provided a means for women to disrupt entrenched social norms related to gender roles within the household and agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past decades, many studies have focused on various kinds of elites in a complex society, as well as on processes of governance and state administration. This acumen has expanded the repertoire of social meanings in both politics and state processes. However, regarding the corresponding ethnographic information, much has yet to be done. Several articles show how difficult it is to study prestigious institutions and propose alternative research strategies, but very few address the impact such discomfort has on ethnography as a means of knowledge production, over and above participant observation. This paper attempts to link the very challenge of researching powerful individuals to the difficulty of personally dealing with them and writing about them and their hidden agendas. It focuses on the Brazilian Congress and on recent events in Brazilian politics, including the impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff. It offers some possibilities for studying politics by taking seriously the ethnographic motto "from the native's point of view." Is this possible when the researcher has moral objections toward the "native"? How is one to do ethnographic work with people like politicians, who usually hold secrets and tell lies? What sort of knowledge and truth can we draw from such a "dialogue"? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Uganda has one of the highest burdens of cervical cancer globally. In 2010 the Ugandan Ministry of Health launched the Strategic Plan for Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control with the hope of developing cervical cancer policy in Uganda. This study explored the beliefs of senior key informants in Uganda about cervical cancer prevention, the control programme, and the relevance of cervical cancer policy.Methods: We conducted 15 key informant interviews with participants from six organisations across Northern and Central Uganda. Participants were drawn from district local government health departments, St. Mary's Hospital Lacor, Uganda Nurses and Midwifery Council, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and Ministry of Health in Kampala, Uganda. The interview recordings were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Seven themes emerged relating to the cervical cancer prevention and control programmes in Uganda: (1) policy frameworks for cervical cancer, (2) operationalising cervical cancer prevention and control, (3) financial allocation and alignment, (4) human resources and capability, (5) essential supplies and vaccines, (6) administrative data and resource distribution, and (7) cervical cancer services.Conclusions: The key informants perceive that the lack of a cervical cancer policy in Uganda is hindering cervical cancer prevention and control programmes. Therefore, the Ministry of Health and stakeholders need to work together in coming up with an effective policy framework that will accelerate efforts towards cervical cancer prevention and control in Uganda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the growing body of research on the interconnectedness between tourism and politics, significant research gaps remain. One such area is the relationship between political transitions and changes in tourism destinations. This article examines Iran as a case study of the interrelations. Drawing on semistructured interviews with key informants, this paper highlights the significant impacts that political transitions have had on Iranian tourism in general and inbound tourism in particular over time. The findings reveal that the divergent perceptions of key actors in Iran's political arena have affected the tendency and outcomes of tourism development in the country and make it aligned with the domestic political agendas and foreign policies of different factions in the country. Tourism has become a matter for political debate in the country's conservative‐dominated political institutions and is harnessed to the pursuit of policies that are linked to the dominant ideological orientation and religious doctrine. Overall, the study deepens and extends existing knowledge surrounding politics, power, and tourism by providing new insights into the process of political transition in a non‐Western country and its ramifications for tourism destination development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on the prosodic patterns of lengthenings attested in northern and southern dialects of European Spanish, more precisely, on their intonation. A corpus of 200 spontaneous utterances has been elaborated (including 100 utterances from the northern dialects and 100 utterances from the southern ones, produced by 16 male and 16 female informants, respectively). The analysis has been carried out following the standardization protocol offered by Cantero Serena & Font-Rotchés (2009), Cantero Serena (2019) and Cantero & Font-Rotchés (2020), in which the representative values of intonation (in Hz) are taken for each syllable, and then these values undergo a process of standardization, in order to be comparable objectively and speakerindependently. It is expected that lengthenings show no remarkable inter-dialectal melodic differences. Also, it is predicted that lengthenings do not present prominent prosodic features as compared to their context, because they may serve as a tool for the speaker to maintain the conversational turn, without interrupting the tonal movement of the utterance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contexts where dancing proves a relevant daily practice, dancing with children may provide an extremely interesting strategic option for education ethnographers. Drawing from my empirical material, I describe how dancing was accidentally introduced as a role in the field (dance teacher) before later becoming an unexpectedly great ethnographic tool. Through a series of different breakdowns, I found this constituted the key to gaining better access to complicated domestic fields and thereby also attaining a closer cultural intimacy with participants, getting more easily integrated into educational contexts, overcoming communication problems and issues with reluctant informants. From this methodological insight, I here reflect on the theoretical aspects involved: should we overlook practices deemed irrelevant from the school agent point of view but essential to domestic contexts, we risk reinforcing symbolic violence through research. Therefore, I conclude by stressing the importance of focusing on apparently 'irrelevant' forms of domestic embodied knowledge transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on ethnographic research in a Guatemala City mara territory, this article examines the place of nostalgia in residents' accounts of spiralling insecurity and gang violence. Anchoring many depictions of their circumstances past and present, emotional and narrative structures of decline and nostalgia pervaded interviews, interactions, and the research experience here. While discourses of loss and longing pose certain methodological quandaries for attempts to reconstruct processes of change in a volatile environment, I propose that they do communicate true and valuable information for understanding the social experience of violence in Guatemala City's gang territories. I also argue for understanding nostalgia as a resource – for inhabitants and for ethnographers alike – in the face of 'ontological insecurity' in violent fields. Providing reassuring narratives and tools for articulating normative claims for our informants, nostalgia also holds a strong appeal for ethnographers, presenting both dilemmas and possibilities in researching and representing contemporary insecurity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maintaining informants' confidentiality is a cornerstone of ethical clearance in most academic institutions' boards, and a pre-requisite to conduct ethnographic fieldwork. However, this prescriptive environment does not account for the diversity of contemporary ethnographic fieldwork, and little has been written on the challenges faced by anthropologists who may need to identify participants in their research by their name. What are the specific empirical and theoretical implications of non-anonymous ethnographies? Drawing on accounts from a research conducted between 2007 and 2013 among Iraqi artists in exile, this study presents a situation that did not allow for protecting the anonymity and confidentiality of informants. This paper reflects on some of the challenges associated with name disclosure in anthropological research, and questions implications for both the participants and the researcher. The paper finally explores avenues to tackle barriers to unveil the collective in non-anonymous ethnographies across and beyond artists' tales of creative individualities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the phenomenon of the death of informants. Based on his own experience with the long-term (1999-2016) research of Voyvodovo - the only Czech village in Bulgaria, the author shows what the death of one's informants means for the research and the researcher. The author argues that any long-term fieldwork entails emotional involvement of the researcher, and so the departure of his or her informants has a deep impact on the researcher's well-being. The articles also address methodological consequences of the death of informants, namely, the case when the death of all of them leads to a situation that the group ceases to exist. The author shows that with the last member's passing away Malinowski's 'native's point of view' is lost forever. The author also suggests that the topic of death of informants should be included into educational curricula for fieldwork training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study qualitatively investigates miscommunication moments during which a teacher of English who speaks a first language other than English and students with various linguacultures collaboratively resolve communicative problems with the assistance of other students in the classroom. These other students, referred to as third‐party participants because they are not originally part of the miscommunication phenomena, help resolve miscommunication by sharing their interpretations of what their peers say. Combining sequential analysis with ethnographic information, this study examines how students as third‐party participants take initiative in resolving miscommunication by representing their peers' viewpoints and how teachers elicit assistance from these third‐party participants. The analysis reveals that third‐party participants' repair efforts can be effective in multilingual classrooms in various ways, including helping to save face among interlocutors involved in miscommunication, negotiating meaning, creating active class participation patterns, and engendering the class norm that dealing with miscommunication and achieving mutual understanding are everyone's responsibility in multilingual classrooms. The analysis also demonstrates the important role of nonverbal elements (e.g., gaze, smile, and gesture) for enhancing explicitness in English as a lingua franca communication. This study suggests recommendations for second language teacher education regarding the need for second language teachers to develop a mindset for intercultural, multilingual classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we examine the use of the key informant methodology by researchers investigating interorganizational relationships. Authors have advocated the use of multiple informants to increase the reliability and validity of informant reports. However, interorganizational research still tends to rely on single informants. We investigated informant selection and obtaining perceptual agreement among multiple informants, two problems that may have inhibited widespread use of multiple informants. We suggest procedures for dealing with those problems and provide an illustrative application of our proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reviews the use of outside informants--individuals not employed in the firm being studied--in strategy research reported in major journals. We empirically explored the expertness of these informants in terms of interrater reliability and accuracy of their ratings compared to those provided by insiders. Four groups of outside informants in the airline industry--consultants, security analysts, stake-holders, and academics--and senior airline executives whose companies initiated certain competitive moves rated strategic attributes associated with those moves. Informants in each group manifested high interrater reliability. Of the outsiders, analysts were the most accurate and were highly reliable, and academics were highly reliable and as accurate as consultants and stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acquiring information from the Web creates new educational demands even in elementary school. Children need to scrutinize source information (‘sourcing’) to choose trustworthy information. So far, few studies have documented young readers’ abilities to identify and evaluate source information. With two studies, we seek to gather more evidence on elementary students’ sourcing skills and use. In study 1, we investigate to what extent fourth graders can identify source information and evaluate informants’ expertise and intentions in simplistic, age-appropriate reading tasks. In study 2, we explore whether fourth graders spontaneously apply their sourcing skills when reading simplified multiple documents. Results suggest that fourth graders can successfully identify source information and evaluate informants’ expertise and intentions in simple and direct tasks but fail to apply this ability to more complex and implicit tasks. Implications for information literacy education are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ethnographic research concerns the management of emotions in the editorial offices of the Finnish fashion-oriented lifestyle magazines, Elle Finland and Trendi. The material was collected through focused interviews and participant observation in editorial shoots. The analysis focuses on the informants’ ways of acting in the editorial shoots and their experiences in their work and the role of emotions in content production and co-operative work practices. The study demonstrates that emotional labour is required in production of content that is aimed to move, please or surprise the model reader and through her, the actual readers of the magazine. The members of the photography team are inclined to suppress feelings of anxiety and at the same time support and encourage other team members and the photographed subject. Emotional labour maintains stability in a tightly scheduled and goal-oriented teamwork, and enables team members to attune to the intimate and convivial atmosphere. The study also gives evidence about cruel optimism as it points out how magazine staff adjust to the uncertainty of the magazine field and the increased personal workload by invoking in themselves feelings of enjoyment and suppressing feelings of strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the potential applications of multiple informant methodology (MIM) to family research. The MIM is used when data on the same unit of analysis are collected from more than one informant, and when the researchers’ purpose requires a dyadic or group level of analysis. The MIM relies on inter-rater agreement (IRA) indices, which are needed to both estimate agreement among informants and aggregate scores from different informants. This review describes the main IRA indices: reliability within-group index (rWG), agreement within-group index (aWG), average deviation indices (ADMandADMd), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and random group index (rWG). For each index, we describe the aim, application contexts, formula(s), ranges, cutoffs, requirements to apply the index, and its possible application to family research. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Hong Kong has been described as a city that prioritises socio-economic stability at the expense of political engagement. Despite recent protests -- such as the 2003 demonstration with half a million people taking to the streets -- that seemingly dispel such statements, Hong Kong youth activists claim that the city remains apolitical. This paper seeks to make sense of this discrepancy between the protests seen on the streets of the city and the observations and statements made by these youths. In attempting to unravel this puzzle, this paper highlights the importance for anthropologists of understanding how politics is conceptualised amongst their informants, which in turn determines the peculiar manifestations of political actions in that societal context. This paper argues that in Hong Kong, there are discrepancies between youth activists and the general population in how politics is framed and situated in relation to everyday life. It is then revealed that contemporary mainstream attitudes towards politics are actually a product of the city's colonial history. Finally, this paper will explore the sentiments (of indifference, discomfort, or frustration) youth activists and nonpolitical individuals respectively harbour towards politics and political actors, and the obstacles dominant attitudes towards politics pose for youth activists and anthropologists alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose In recent years, there has been a growing desire to more fully integrate informants into the overall research process. In response to this trend, the purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the usage and outcomes of the member checking technique for enabling more participatory interpretive research practices. Information systems (IS) research has utilized this technique, but it has not yet undergone a thorough analysis in this context. Additionally, interpretive IS research is in need of means and tools for engaging with informants during the data analysis and interpretation process.Design/methodology/approach The data for this study originated from an inquiry into the position of usability work within its cultural context, and this study has adopted a hermeneutic lens to make sense of the member checking technique, which positions informants as co-analysts and co-interpreters to make sense of both their organizational realities and researchers’ interpretations of those realities.Findings The analysis shows that during the research process, the informants reproduced, questioned, and cultivated the researcher-crafted texts that they were given to interpret, both individually and collaboratively. The study shows that member checking contributes to fulfilling the criteria set for interpretive IS research in a variety of ways.Research limitations/implications The study contributes to interpretive IS research method practice by offering IS researchers insights into and guidelines on the usage and potential outcomes of the member checking technique.Originality/value The examination of the member checking technique through a hermeneutic lens is a novel approach. For IS research, the study explicates the usages and outcomes of member checking in more participatory interpretive research practice. Also novel in this study is that member checking is examined as a collective endeavor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses examples from research conducted in preschools in Japan, China, and the United States to illustrate the features and virtues of return interviews with informants with whom ethnographers have long research engagements. Return interviews and long research engagements are powerful research strategies that help the ethnographers ask more insightful questions and make more sense of informants' replies, informants better understand the researchers and their agenda, and the research to achieve a more diachronic perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents apprenticeship as an ethnographic method suitable for researching topics concerning gender and space. To use this method, the researcher takes up a practice, such as a sport. Emphasis lies in understanding one’s topic ‘by body’, and the article argues that such an embodied perspective sheds a new light on gender construction in the boxing gym. An empirical study of female amateur boxers in Scotland, conducted by the author, herself a competitive female boxer, reinforces the argument. The position of an embodied insider offers the researcher a unique vantage point with regard to various contrasting processes of gender construction on different scales, such as the body, embodied encounters and the gym. By giving attention to the transformative power of bodily practice, apprenticeship focuses on possibilities for, resistance to, and transformation of, gender norms in hyper masculine spaces. The apprenticeship method can therefore enrich geography’s understanding of the role of physical practices for gender construction in different spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Where the study of organizations involves prolonged or deep engagement with informants, the research experience can generate psychodynamic reactions. Countertransference—or the redirection of a researcher’s emotional response onto informants—is one such reaction and can influence data collection, analysis, and presentation. The methodological question then is how to identify and act on countertransference reactions during research. Drawing on psychoanalytic approaches, we suggest that researchers’ dreams can serve as methodological resources in enhancing reflexive practice. We illustrate our approach with an autoethnographic account of 199 days of fieldwork with a Cambridge Boat Race crew and outline several recommendations to help organizational researchers keen to see how they and their dreams are implicated in their work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on an account of Ọbèdúa deity in Yorùbá land that is popular and instrumental to the survival of the ...bà-Ilé people in ...un State, Nigeria. Data for the study was drawn from interviews conducted with eight informants in ...bà-Ilé which comprised of the king, three chiefs, three Ọbèdú priests, and the palace bard. Apart from the interviews, the town was visited during the annual festival of Ọbèu and where the performances were recorded. In paying attention to the history and orature of Ọbèdú, it was found out that Ọbèdú who was deified, was also a great herbalist, warrior and Ifá priest during his life time. It was concluded that the survival of ...bà-Ilé and the progress achieved, could be linked to the observance of the Ọbèdú festival, and that a failure not continue the event would be detrimental to the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It has been well established that child physical abuse is a risk factor for cognitive deficits and behavioral problems. However, the possible link between cognitive deficits and behavioral problems placing children at a higher risk of physical abuse has been overlooked. Using a prospective design, the present study aims to examine whether previously measured cognition indicated by intelligence quotient (IQ), including performance IQ (PIQ) and verbal IQ (VIQ), and behavioral problems reported by multiple informants (i.e. mothers, teachers, and children) predict later child physical abuse (which may include minor and severe forms of abuse inflicted separately by mothers and fathers) in Chinese children. Methods: A school-based survey was conducted to collect data from 265 Chinese children (52.8 % boys, mean age 13.71 ± 0.60 years) in the Wave II of China Jintan Cohort study. When they were in the last year of elementary school, children completed the Chinese version of the Wechsler intelligence scale for children-revised that measured VIQ and PIQ during 2010–2012 when their behaviors were self-assessed. Mothers and teachers of these children used the Chinese versions of the youth self report, the child behavior checklist and the teacher report form, respectively, to assess the children's behaviors. These children reported minor and severe physical abuse experiences in the previous 12 months from mothers and fathers separately using the Chinese version of parent–child conflict tactics scale in 2013 when children were in grades 7 and 8 of middle school. Results: The present study found that after controlling for the sociodemographic and other cognitive and/or behavior variables, high scores of child externalizing behavior rated by their mothers or teachers were associated with increased risks of experiencing maternal and paternal severe physical abuse, while a high score of self-reported externalizing behavior was associated with a decreased risk of paternal severe physical abuse. A high score of mother-rated internalizing behavior was associated with a decreased risk of maternal severe physical abuse. VIQ was associated with maternal minor physical abuse with small effect size. PIQ was not associated with any forms of physical abuse after adjusting for child behavior and sociodemographic variables. Conclusions: In this community sample of Chinese children, externalizing behavior perceived by mothers and teachers is linked to children being at risk for physical abuse, while internalizing behavior perceived by mothers is associated with a decreased risk of maternal physical abuse. Findings suggest that educating parents and teachers to appropriately perceive children's externalizing behavior may help prevent the occurrence of physical abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed to solve a cooperative multi-depot vehicle routing problem. We establish a mathematical model for multi-owner VRP in which each owner (i.e. player) manages single or multiple depots. The basic idea consists of offering an option that owners cooperatively manage the VRP to save their costs. We present cooperative game theory techniques for cost saving allocations which are obtained from various coalitions of owners. The methodology is illustrated with a numerical example in which different coalitions of the players are evaluated along with the results of cooperation and cost saving allocation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Criticism declares that there are risks to researchers' homogenization of the ethnographic testimonies collected between the mid-20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. It is so, because, contrary to the first testimonies, those obtained in recent years show that the sociocultural gap between the informant and the amanuensis has become smaller, which has made the distinction between literate and illiterate more complex. However, these accounts, in particular those given by the migrant subjects (Cornejo Polar 1996), reveal the existence of a diversity of times and places, along with movables identities. That is, these testimonies emphasize a migratory condition that is heterogeneous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on two studies conducted in Colorado Springs, Colorado, in 2008 and in Kampala, Uganda, in 2014. The basic research question addressed in both studies was: "What are the experiences in the lives of upper elementary-aged children that foster an intrinsic motivation to seek information?" The secondary question was: "How do the experiences of students from a collectivist culture (Kampala, Uganda) who are intrinsically motivated to seek information compare and contrast with the experiences of similarly aged students from an individualistic culture (Colorado Springs, Colorado, U.S.A.)?" The focus of this paper is to explore the dispositions of both sets of informants using a theoretical framework consisting of the educative dispositions of an Effective Learner--independence, creativity, self-motivation, and resilience (Bertram and Pascal 2002)--as correlated with the dispositions listed in the American Association of School Librarians' Standards for the 21st-Century Learner (2007). The findings were that both sets of informants exhibited an affinity for play and a tendency toward creativity, and that the Ugandan students were more inclined toward competence-building activities than their Colorado Springs counterparts, who generally exhibited noncompetitive dispositions. Furthermore, resilience was a disposition revealed by students in the Ugandan study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I explore the implications of example-making for both informants and ethnographers through an analysis of the history of the refoundation of the Anglican shrine at Walsingham during the twentieth century. I argue for an appreciation of distinctions between examples as 'models' and 'instances', but also for a focus on relations between the inchoate and the specific in processes of exemplification. The paper shows how an examination of the making of examples by actors in the field can speak to the creation of examples in writing and analysis, and may introduce elements of 'serendipity' more normally associated with encounters in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the village of Yapatera, Peru, there exists a folk theory of race which posits that humans cannot be divided into mutually exclusive racial groups and that personhood is both physiologically and socially 'mixed'. By engaging with the psychological literature on racial essentialism (i.e. the tendency to view humans in terms of discrete categories, as if they were natural kinds), this article digs deeper into the local folk theory of race. Experimental tasks were designed to test the inductive potential of race and revealed that villagers are far more likely to use other social categories (class, religion, kinship and place of origins) than race to base their inferences. The article discusses the use of experimental tasks as a vehicle for a different sort of conversation between ethnographer and informants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - Successful interviews are underpinned by several important processes that researchers must take account of. These include: understanding the meaning of participation in research, acquiring informed consent, establishing rapport, managing boundaries between research and helping, and embracing consumer participation in research. These processes have been addressed individually in articles, but have not been collectively appraised yet they are all critical determinants of successful interviewing. The purpose of this paper is to bridge the gap in the literature by synthesizing the available information that shapes the practice of interviewing people with a mental health problems in a research project. Design/methodology/approach - This paper involves a review of the literature. Findings - Numerous interactional processes need to be addressed to facilitate the full engagement of both researchers and informants in research interviews. Engaging authentically in research interviews is challenging at many levels, and strategies are presented that researchers and informants can use to manage the difficulties that they may encounter. Originality/value - This paper draws on the notion of participation to highlight how certain aspects of interactions between researchers and informants with mental health problems contribute to authentic narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is to evaluate the traditional pain management or treatment using plants in Lokoja. An ethnomedical survey on medicinal plants/recipes used in pain management was conducted between March and August, 2013 in Lokoja, Nigeria. Information on indigenous medicinal plant wealth of the people was obtained using a scientifically structured questionnaire with key people who are recognized in alternative/traditional medicine. Pain is called 'oyizi', 'uwo' and 'irora', in Ebira, Igala and Okun languages/dialects respectively. The Ebira, Igala and Okun are the dominant tribes living in Lokoja where the survey was conducted. The investigation yielded a total of 23 medicinal plant species represented by 23 genera from 17 families cited by 52 informants. Testing using Chi-square statistical test at 5% level of significance, there was significant difference between the actual interviews conducted and collection rate depending on the differences in the sites where the interviews were conducted. The vernacular names of the plants were recorded in Ebira, Igala and Okun (the major local languages in Lokoja). From the ethnomedical survey result, Asteraceae is most represented (17%), most of the plants are wild (65%) and shrub has the largest representation (39%). The mode of administration (mostly oral or topical) and dosageregimen were also reported. The findings in this research have provided useful information for the monograph of the plants surveyed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]