37 results on '"EXPLOSION MECHANISM"'
Search Results
2. Explosion reaction mechanism and energy release laws of RDX dust cloud
- Author
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Zhang, Yixiao, Liang, Huimin, Zhang, Qi, and An, Zhuorong
- Published
- 2025
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3. Basic theory of dust explosion of energetic materials: A review
- Author
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Yin, Mengli, Wang, Chunyan, Guo, Haoyang, Shi, Yuhuai, Shi, Shengnan, Wang, Wenhui, and Cao, Xiong
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Explosion overpressure behavior and flame propagation characteristics in hybrid explosions of hydrogen and magnesium dust
- Author
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Ji, Wentao, Wang, Yang, Yang, Jingjing, He, Jia, Lu, Chang, Wen, Xiaoping, and Wang, Yan
- Published
- 2023
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5. Study on the Explosion Mechanism of Low-Concentration Gas and Coal Dust.
- Author
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Liu, Li, Mao, Xinyi, Jing, Yongheng, Tang, Yao, and Sun, Le
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FLAMMABLE limits , *COAL dust , *HEAT of reaction , *COAL mining accidents , *CHEMICAL kinetics , *DUST explosions - Abstract
In coal mines, the mixture of coal dust and gas is more ignitable than gas alone, posing a high explosion risk to workers. Using the explosion tube, this study examines the explosion propagation characteristics and flame temperature of low-concentration gas and coal dust mixtures with various particle sizes. The CPD model and Chemkin-Pro 19.2 simulate the reaction kinetics of these explosions. Findings show that when the gas concentration is below its explosive limit, coal dust addition lowers the gas's explosive threshold, potentially causing an explosion. Coal particle size significantly affects explosion propagation dynamics, with smaller particles producing faster flame velocities and higher temperatures. Due to their larger surface area, smaller particles absorb heat faster and undergo thermal decomposition, releasing combustible gases that intensify the explosion flame. The predicted yield of light gases from both coal types exceeds 40 wt% daf, raising combustible gas concentrations in the system. When accumulated reaction heat elevates the gas concentration to its explosive limit, an explosion occurs. These results are crucial for preventing gas and coal dust explosion accidents in coal mines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
6. Experimental investigation on the explosion characteristics and flame propagation behavior of aluminum hydride dust.
- Author
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Zhu, Chenchen, Gao, Wei, Jiang, Haipeng, Xue, Chenlu, Zhang, Tianjiao, Zhu, Zhaoyang, and Tang, Gen
- Subjects
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ALUMINUM hydride , *DUST , *COAL dust , *FLAME , *DUST explosions , *EXPLOSIONS , *OXIDE coating , *HYDRIDES - Abstract
Aluminum hydride (AlH 3) dust is a high-capacity hydrogen storage material but is prone to explosion. In this paper, explosion characteristics and flame propagation behavior of AlH 3 dust are investigated. The results indicate that the exposure of bare aluminum and the increase of specific surface area lead to the maximum explosion pressure of AlH 3 dust being 4 times higher than that of Al dust. The enhancement of heat transfer by hydrogen combustion causes a higher combustion rate, leading to a higher maximum explosion pressure rise rate and flame propagation velocity of AlH 3 dust. The thermo-diffusive instabilities and the evolution of hydrogen result in a pulsation flame propagation velocity of AlH 3 dust. Combining the explosion temperature calculated by NASA CEA with the explosion residues analysis, the explosion mechanism of AlH 3 dust is further revealed. The break of the oxide film and the combustion of hydrogen result in a different explosion mechanism. • The explosion characteristics and flame propagation behavior of AlH 3 dust are investigated. • The hydrogen evolution characteristic is studied by the comparison of Al dust. • The explosion mechanism of AlH 3 dust is revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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7. A comparative investigation of the explosion mechanism of metal hydride AlH3 dust and Al/H2 mixture.
- Author
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Zhu, Chenchen, Gao, Wei, Jiang, Haipeng, Xue, Chenlu, Zhu, Zhaoyang, and Tang, Gen
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PHASE transitions , *CHEMICAL kinetics , *ALUMINUM oxide , *ALUMINUM hydride , *HYDRIDES - Abstract
Aluminum hydride (AlH 3) is an excellent hydrogen storage material, whereas hydrogen is easily released because of the low-temperature dehydrogenation characteristic. Therefore, the explosion mechanism of AlH 3 dust is explored by comparison with the Al/H 2 mixture. The findings indicate that since the residual aluminum after hydrogen evolution combusts more completely, AlH 3 has a higher explosion pressure value than Al/H 2 mixture. However, the explosion pressure rise rate and average flame propagation velocity of AlH 3 dust are lower than those of Al/H 2 mixture. It is attributed to the initial free hydrogen state and initial higher hydrogen concentration of Al/H 2 mixture. The key radicals that generate main explosion residues Al 2 O 3 are AlO and O. AlH 3 (+M) ≤> AlH + H 2 (+M) has the greatest sensitivity on the formation of O and AlO. Hydrogen combustion expedites the phase transition process of aluminum dust, while their competition for oxygen is not conducive to the formation of Al 2 O 3. • The explosion characteristics of AlH 3 dust are analyzed by comparison with the Al/H 2 mixture. • The initial state and content of hydrogen lead to different explosion processes. • The explosion mechanism of AlH 3 dust is revealed by reaction kinetics simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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8. Explosion characteristics of aluminum-based activated fuels containing fluorine
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Jin-tao Xu, Lei Huang, Hai-peng Jiang, Tian-jiao Zhang, Feng-qi Zhao, Jian-kan Zhang, and Wei Gao
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Aluminum-based activated fuels ,Ignition sensitivity ,Flame propagation ,Explosion severity ,Explosion mechanism ,Military Science - Abstract
Measuring the dust explosion characteristics of aluminum-based activated fuels was a prerequisite for developing effective prevention and control measures. In this paper, ignition sensitivity, flame propagation behaviors and explosion severity of aluminum/polytetrafluoroethylene (Al/PTFE) compositions including 2 PT (2.80 wt.% F), 4 PT (7.18 wt.% F) and 8 PT (11.90 wt.% F) were studied. When the content of F increased from 2.80 wt.% to 11.90 wt.%, the minimum explosive concentration MEC decreased from 380 g/m3 to 140 g/m3, due to the dual effects of increased internal active aluminum and enhanced reactivity. The average flame propagation velocities increased as the percentage of F increased. The maximum explosion pressure Pm of 500 g/m3 aluminum-based activated fuels increased from 247 kPa to 299 kPa. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that with the increase of PTFE content, the reaction was more complete. On this basis, the explosion mechanism of aluminum-based activated fuels was revealed.
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- 2023
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9. Effect of low volume fraction of H2 on explosion characteristics and mechanism of AlH3 dust via connected container.
- Author
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Wang, Hao, Li, Xinfeng, Zhang, Chuanbiao, Xie, Jiani, Zhang, Xin, Yu, Yanwu, Shi, Xueqiang, Jiao, Fengyuan, Xu, Sen, and Cao, Weiguo
- Subjects
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FLAMMABLE limits , *MOLECULAR dynamics , *FLAME , *DUST explosions , *COMBUSTION , *EXPLOSIONS - Abstract
During the storage and use of AlH 3 , a small amount of H 2 is easily decomposed, forming a multiphase composite system that increases explosive hazard. This article discussed the AlH 3 dust inducing low concentration H 2 explosion and venting characteristics by a connected vessel. The results show that when the concentration of H 2 was 1 % and 3 %, which was lower than the lower explosive limit of H 2 (4 %), H 2 was non-flammable, and the explosion was dust-driven explosion. At H 2 volume fraction of 5 %, a dual-fuel-driven explosion dominated, culminating in the maximum explosion pressure, reduced pressure, venting flame length, and velocity. The microscopic reaction mechanism of AlH 3 with H 2 was explored using molecular dynamics simulations. Meanwhile, for the security strategy of AlH 3 dust explosion venting with low H 2 atmosphere, the NFPA 68 and EN 14491 standards predicted the venting flame length effectively, offering critical insights for the application and safety design of AlH 3. [Display omitted] • P max and P red of different volume fractions of H 2 induced AlH 3 explosion were contrasted. • Venting flame propagation characteristic of AlH 3 induced low concentration H 2 were analyzed. • Combustion reaction mechanism of AlH 3 induced low concentration H 2 were established. • Applicability of the NFPA 68 standard and EN 14491 standard was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2025
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10. Study of Explosion Characteristics and Mechanism of Sucrose Dust.
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Liang, Siting, Li, Xiaoquan, Jiang, Juju, Zhong, Yuankun, Sun, Yunjie, Jiang, Zhong, Yang, Lei, and Hao, Peng
- Subjects
SUCROSE ,FURFURAL ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,EXPLOSIONS ,ACCIDENT prevention ,DUST ,DUST explosions - Abstract
In order to investigate the explosion mechanism of sucrose in the air atmosphere, the explosion intensity under different ignition delay times (IDT), powder input pressures (PIP), and concentrations were studied using a 20L-sphere. The sucrose particles were analyzed in a synchronized thermal analyzer (STA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results are as follows: 1. The DSC curve has two endothermic peaks and one exothermic peak, respectively at T = 180.5 ℃, 510.2 ℃ and 582.6 ℃. 2. The explosion intensity varies with the experiment conditions. The maximum explosion pressure (P
max ) appears when IDT = 90 ms, PIP = 1.5 MPa and concentration = 625 g/m3 . 3. The explosive mechanism is a homogeneous combustion mechanism based on particle surface pyrolysis and volatilization. Because of the decomposition, H2 , CO, furfural, and other flammable gas-phase products are released, then surface burn appears, which leads to the crystal rupture on account of thermal imbalance, resulting in multiple flame points and a chain explosion. As the temperature of the 20L-sphere rises, more explosive products are released, which causes a rapidly expanding explosion and eventually forms the explosion. This paper can be used as a reference for the prevention of explosion accidents in sucrose production processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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11. Gap Transients Interacting with Circumstellar Medium.
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Cai, Yongzhi, Reguitti, Andrea, Valerin, Giorgio, and Wang, Xiaofeng
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SUPERNOVAE , *LUMINOSITY , *PHENOMENOLOGY , *NOVAE (Astronomy) - Abstract
In the last 20 years, modern wide-field surveys discovered a new class of peculiar transients, which lie in the luminosity gap between standard supernovae and classical novae. These transients are often called "intermediate luminosity optical transients" or "gap transients". They are usually distinguished in subgroups based on their phenomenology, such as supernova impostors, intermediate luminosity red transients, and luminous red novae. In this review, we present a brief overview of their observational features and possible physical scenarios to date, in the attempt to understand their nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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12. Explosion mechanism of HMX dust within a tank and its comparative analysis of explosion characteristics with IPN mist.
- Author
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Zhang, Yixiao, Liang, Huimin, Zhang, Qi, An, Zhuorong, and Liu, Rui
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ACCIDENT prevention , *DUST , *EXPLOSIONS , *DUST explosions , *HAZARDS , *COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
This study establishes a numerical model for dust flow and dust cloud explosion, elucidating the mechanisms underlying HMX dust cloud explosions and the variations in explosion parameters concerning concentration and particle size. Furthermore, it compares HMX dust's explosion parameters with IPN mist's. The findings can be a pivotal basis for the design of explosive compositions and accident prevention. As the concentration increases, both the maximum explosion pressure (P max) and the maximum rate of pressure rise ((d P /d t) max) of HMX dust undergo significant increases. As the particle size increases, P max and (d P /d t) max for HMX dust exhibit no significant variations. When the concentrations of HMX dust and IPN mist are 400 g/m3, there are no significant differences in their P max and (d P /d t) max. However, when the concentrations of HMX dust and IPN mist are 100 g/m3, the hazards of IPN mist are higher than those of HMX dust. [Display omitted] • Explosion mechanisms of HMX dust are obtained. • Explosion laws of HMX dust with concentration and particle size are obtained. • Obtaining a comparison of the explosion parameters between HMX dust and IPN mist. • Explosion mechanisms of IPN mist are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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13. Analysis of the effect mechanism of water and CH4 concentration on gas explosion in confined space
- Author
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Xiangchun Li, Huan Zhang, Sheng Bai, Chen Dong, Xinwei Ye, and Suye Jia
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Water ,Methane concentration ,Free radicals ,Energy ,Explosion mechanism ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In order to study the effect of water and CH4 concentration on gas explosion, a 20L spherical explosive device was used to carry out a water-containing gas explosion experiment, and the explosion simulation was carried out with CHEMKIN-PRO, the mechanism of water on gas explosion was analyzed from the perspective of free radicals and energy. The results showed that the upper limit of gas explosion, maximum explosion pressure and temperature decreased significantly with the increase of water content. The higher the concentration of CH4, the more obvious the inhibitory effect of water on gas explosion pressure, and the optimal explosion concentration of CH4 decreased with the increase of water content. As the water content and CH4 concentration increase, the residual CH4 content increases after the explosion, the O2 content decreases, and the CO content produced increases. When the CH4 concentration is lower than the optimal concentration, water promotes the formation of CO2 to a certain extent; when the CH4 concentration is higher than the optimal explosive concentration, the CO2 content decreases with the increase of water content. Overall, water inhibits methane explosion, the addition of water on the one hand reduces the concentration of active free radicals H, O, OH, on the other hand, it interferes with the generation of gas explosion energy and consumes the kinetic energy of the gas explosion flame shock wave through heat absorption, thus inhibiting the intensity of gas explosion.
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
14. Analysis and prediction model of the minimum explosion concentration of plastic dust in gaseous fuel environments.
- Author
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Zhang, Zhenhua, Yu, Xiaozhe, Chen, Xi, Yan, Xingqing, and Yu, Jianliang
- Subjects
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DUST , *DUST explosions , *PREDICTION models , *HEAT of combustion , *COAL dust , *EXPLOSIONS , *PLASTICS - Abstract
Polyethylene dust and polypropene dust were selected to measure the minimum explosion concentration in three kinds of gaseous fuel environments. The results show that the MEC of polyethylene dust with higher apparent activation energy decreased more significantly, and the plastic dust showed higher explosion sensitivity for the gaseous fuel with high combustion heat. The explosion mechanism for plastic dust in gaseous fuel environments was proposed with the global reaction kinetics of plastic pyrolysis, and it suggests that the gaseous fuels reduce the apparent activation energy of plastic dust and provide additional heat for the plastic dust explosion. A corresponding prediction model for the minimum explosion concentration of plastic dust was established. The new model has good applicability for the data obtained in this work and the data in the previous reference. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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15. Study of detonation wave contours in EFP warhead
- Author
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Xu-dong Zu, Zheng-xiang Huang, Chuan-sheng Zhu, and Qiang-qiang Xiao
- Subjects
Explosion mechanism ,Explosively-formed projectile ,Wave shaper ,Detonation wave contour ,Military Science - Abstract
An analytical model for calculating the propagation time of shock wave in a wave shaper is presented in this study. The calculated results show that the contours of three typical detonation waves, such as conical detonation wave, spherical detonation wave, and planar detonation wave, can be formed in the main charge by changing the thickness of wave shaper. The results show that the planar detonation wave do better than the conical detonation and the spherical detonation wave in increasing the length–diameter ratio of explosively-formed projectiles (EFP) and keep the nose of EFP integrated. The detonation wave can increase the length–diameter ratio of EFP when the wave shaper has the suitable thickness.
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- 2016
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16. Study of Explosion Characteristics and Mechanism of Sucrose Dust
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Siting Liang, Xiaoquan Li, Juju Jiang, Yuankun Zhong, Yunjie Sun, Zhong Jiang, Lei Yang, and Peng Hao
- Subjects
Process Chemistry and Technology ,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Bioengineering ,explosion intensity ,process safety ,dust explosion ,explosion mechanism ,20L-sphere - Abstract
In order to investigate the explosion mechanism of sucrose in the air atmosphere, the explosion intensity under different ignition delay times (IDT), powder input pressures (PIP), and concentrations were studied using a 20L-sphere. The sucrose particles were analyzed in a synchronized thermal analyzer (STA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results are as follows: 1. The DSC curve has two endothermic peaks and one exothermic peak, respectively at T = 180.5 ℃, 510.2 ℃ and 582.6 ℃. 2. The explosion intensity varies with the experiment conditions. The maximum explosion pressure (Pmax) appears when IDT = 90 ms, PIP = 1.5 MPa and concentration = 625 g/m3. 3. The explosive mechanism is a homogeneous combustion mechanism based on particle surface pyrolysis and volatilization. Because of the decomposition, H2, CO, furfural, and other flammable gas-phase products are released, then surface burn appears, which leads to the crystal rupture on account of thermal imbalance, resulting in multiple flame points and a chain explosion. As the temperature of the 20L-sphere rises, more explosive products are released, which causes a rapidly expanding explosion and eventually forms the explosion. This paper can be used as a reference for the prevention of explosion accidents in sucrose production processing.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Computer-Modeling of Stars
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Liebendörfer, M., Diehl, Roland, editor, Hartmann, Dieter H., editor, and Prantzos, Nikos, editor
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- 2011
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18. Was ist eine Staubexplosion?
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Kramer, P., Braun, M., and Bendels, H. K.
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EMERGENCY management ,DUST ,FIRES ,WORK-related injuries ,INDUSTRIAL safety - Abstract
Copyright of Zentralblatt fuer Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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19. Thermonuclear Supernova Explosions and Their Remnants: The Case of Tycho
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Badenes, Carles, Bravo, Eduardo, Borkowski, Kazimierz J., Marcaide, Juan-María, editor, and Weiler, Kurt W., editor
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- 2005
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20. Explosion Characteristics and Flame Propagation Behavior of Mixed Dust Cloud of Coal Dust and Oil Shale Dust
- Author
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Junfeng Wang, Yansong Zhang, Huifeng Su, Jinshe Chen, Bo Liu, and Yuyuan Zhang
- Subjects
oil shale and coal dust ,ignition sensitivity ,flame propagation ,explosion mechanism ,Technology - Abstract
Coal and oil shale are often mined and utilized together, and mixed dust is easily formed in these processes. In order to ensure safe production in these processes, the explosion characteristics of mixed dust were studied. Using a Godbert-Greenwold (G-G) Furnace experimental device, Hartmann tube experimental device, and 20 L explosion vessel, the oil shale and coal mixed dust ignition sensitivity experiment, flame propagation experiment, and explosion characteristics experiment were carried out. The minimum ignition temperature (MIT), minimum ignition energy (MIE), maximum explosion pressure (Pmax), maximum rate of pressure rise ((dp/dt)max), and explosibility index (KSt) parameters and the flame propagation behavior of the mixed dust were analyzed in detail. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the coal and oil shale dust before and after the explosion was carried out to study the changes in the microscopic morphology of the dust particles. The results show that due to the oil shale having a high volatile content and low moisture content, in the mixture, the greater the percentage of oil shale, the more likely the dust cloud is to be ignited and the faster the explosion flame is propagated; the greater the percentage of oil shale, the greater the (dP/dt)max and KSt will be and, under a high dust concentration, a greater Pmax will be produced. During explosion, coal dust will experience particle pyrolysis and the gas phase combustion of the volatile matter, followed by solid phase combustion of coal char, whereas oil shale dust will only experience particle pyrolysis and the gas phase combustion of the volatile matter.
- Published
- 2019
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21. Investigation of energetic materials prepared by reactions of diamines with picryl chloride.
- Author
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Atakol, Melike, Atakol, Arda, Yigiter, Aynur, Svoboda, Ingrid, and Atakol, Orhan
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DIAMINES , *CHEMICAL reactions , *CHLORIDES , *HYDRAZINE , *METHANOL - Abstract
Five compounds containing picryl group(s) were synthesized from reactions of hydrazine, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane and 1,7-diaminoheptane with picryl chloride under hydrothermal conditions in methanol. Hydrazine reaction yielded N-2,4,6-trinitrophenylhydrazine which has a single picryl group, whereas the other reactants formed symmetric products with both amine groups connected to picryl groups. These compounds are N,N′-di-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-1,2-diaminoethane, bis-N,N′-di-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-1,3-diaminopropane, bis-N,N′-di-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-1,4-diaminobutane and bis-N,N′-di-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-1,7-diaminoheptane. Molecular structures of two of these compounds, N-2,4,6-trinitrophenylhydrazine and bis-N,N′-di-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-1,3-diaminopropane, were revealed by XRD methods. All compounds were investigated by TG and DSC methods. The thermal behaviour of N-2,4,6-trinitrophenylhydrazine was explosive, undergoing a strong explosion in a very short temperature interval, 180-185 °C. In cases of the other compounds, it was found out that the carbon chain between two picryl groups reduced the explosion enthalpy. In addition, the theoretical formation enthalpy of N-2,4,6-trinitrophenylhydrazine was calculated by running CBS-4 M energy calculations under Gaussian 09 software package. From the calculated value, reaction enthalpy values for the possible explosion pathways were investigated in accordance with the experiment. The path with reaction enthalpy closest to the experimental value was proposed as the explosion mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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22. 2083. Research on ricochet and its regularity of projectiles obliquely penetrating into concrete target.
- Author
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Jianfeng Xue, Peihui Shen, and Xiaoming Wang
- Subjects
- *
PROJECTILES , *PENETRATION mechanics , *ORTHOGONAL surfaces , *VELOCITY , *MATERIALS science - Abstract
To address the ricochet problem in penetration process, the mathematical model of projectile penetrating into concrete target is established according to the basic kinetic equation and surface layer mechanism. The motion trajectory of projectile nose is obtained. Experimental studies on projectiles with different nose penetrating into concrete targets are conducted to explain the ricochet problem. These studies analyze fifty-four penetration conditions under different initial velocities and oblique angles when the projectiles have flat, hemispherical, ogive noses and conical noses. The regularity and critical angles of ricochet are analyzed with different nose shapes at different velocities. Results show that the ricochet angle increases depending on nose sharp and penetration velocity. The factors affecting the ricochet from big to small were analyzed via orthogonal test. The results show that with increasing the velocity from 652 m/s to 1022 m/s, the critical angle increases from 44° to 66°. The order of factors affecting the ricochet from big to small is the shape of the nose, the material of the projectiles and the penetrating velocity respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Core Collapse Supernovae and Neutron Star Formation
- Author
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Hillebrandt, Wolfgang, Ventura, Joseph, editor, and Pines, David, editor
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Analysis of the effect mechanism of water and CH4 concentration on gas explosion in confined space
- Author
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Xinwei Ye, Sheng Bai, Li Xiangchun, Chen Dong, Suye Jia, and Huan Zhang
- Subjects
Shock wave ,Materials science ,Energy ,Explosive material ,Methane concentration ,Analytical chemistry ,Water ,Free radicals ,General Chemistry ,Kinetic energy ,Methane ,Explosion mechanism ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemistry ,CO2 content ,chemistry ,Heat transfer ,Water content ,QD1-999 ,Intensity (heat transfer) - Abstract
In order to study the effect of water and CH4 concentration on gas explosion, a 20L spherical explosive device was used to carry out a water-containing gas explosion experiment, and the explosion simulation was carried out with CHEMKIN-PRO, the mechanism of water on gas explosion was analyzed from the perspective of free radicals and energy. The results showed that the upper limit of gas explosion, maximum explosion pressure and temperature decreased significantly with the increase of water content. The higher the concentration of CH4, the more obvious the inhibitory effect of water on gas explosion pressure, and the optimal explosion concentration of CH4 decreased with the increase of water content. As the water content and CH4 concentration increase, the residual CH4 content increases after the explosion, the O2 content decreases, and the CO content produced increases. When the CH4 concentration is lower than the optimal concentration, water promotes the formation of CO2 to a certain extent; when the CH4 concentration is higher than the optimal explosive concentration, the CO2 content decreases with the increase of water content. Overall, water inhibits methane explosion, the addition of water on the one hand reduces the concentration of active free radicals H, O, OH, on the other hand, it interferes with the generation of gas explosion energy and consumes the kinetic energy of the gas explosion flame shock wave through heat absorption, thus inhibiting the intensity of gas explosion.
- Published
- 2021
25. Explosions inside Ejecta and Most Luminous Supernovae.
- Author
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Blinnikov, S. I.
- Subjects
- *
SUPERNOVAE , *ASTRONOMY , *METAPHYSICAL cosmology , *NUCLEAR astrophysics , *ASTROPHYSICS - Abstract
The extremely luminous supernova SN2006gy is explained in the same way as other SNIIn events: light is produced by a radiative shock propagating in a dense circumstellar envelope formed by a previous weak explosion. The problems in the theory and observations of multiple-explosion SNe IIn are briefly reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Optically targeted search for gravitational waves emitted by core-collapse supernovae during the first and second observing runs of advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo
- Author
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The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Aloy, M. A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Angelova, S. V., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Ar��ne, M., Arnaud, N., Aronson, S. M., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aufmuth, P., AultONeal, K., Austin, C., Avendano, V., Avila-Alvarez, A., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bae, S., Baird, J., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Bals, A., Banagiri, S., Barayoga, J. C., Barbieri, C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barkett, K., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Bazzan, M., B��csy, B., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bell, A. S., Beniwal, D., Benjamin, M. G., Bergmann, G., Bernuzzi, S., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhandare, R., Bidler, J., Biggs, E., Bilenko, I. A., Bilgili, S. A., Billingsley, G., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blackman, J., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boer, M., Boetzel, Y., Bogaert, G., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Bosveld, J., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brighenti, F., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brooks, J., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calder��n, Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campbell, W. A., Canepa, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Carney, M. F., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavagli��, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerd��-Dur��n, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chakravarti, K., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Cheeseboro, B. D., Chen, H. Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, H. -P., Cheong, C. K., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, K. 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A., Muratore, M., Murray, P. G., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Neil, B. F., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Nevin, L., Ng, K. Y., Ng, S., Nguyen, C., Nguyen, P., Nichols, D., Nichols, S. A., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., North, C., Nuttall, L. K., Obergaulinger, M., Oberling, J., O'Brien, B. D., Oganesyan, G., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, Richard J., O'Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ortega, L. F., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ossokine, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Page, M. A., Pagliaroli, G., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Panda, P. K., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Parida, A., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patil, M., Patricelli, B., Payne, E., Pearlstone, B. L., Pechsiri, T. C., Pedersen, A. 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S., Kouprianov, V., Prieto, J. L., Reichart, D. E., Salemi, F., Sand, D. J., Shappee, B. J., Stanek, K. Z., Tartaglia, L., Valenti, S., Wyatt, S., Yang, S., RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE MSP, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Collège de France (CdF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, ESPCI ParisTech, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIGO Scientific, Virgo, Abbott, Bp, Abbott, R, Abbott, Td, Abraham, S, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adams, C, Adya, Vb, Affeldt, C, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, Od, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Allen, G, Allocca, A, Aloy, Ma, Altin, Pa, Amato, A, Anand, S, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, Sb, Anderson, Wg, Angelova, Sv, Antier, S, Appert, S, Arai, K, Araya, Mc, Areeda, J, Arene, M, Arnaud, N, Aronson, Sm, Ascenzi, S, Ashton, G, Aston, Sm, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Aufmuth, P, Aultoneal, K, Austin, C, Avendano, V, Avila-Alvarez, A, Babak, S, Bacon, P, Badaracco, F, Bader, Mkm, Bae, S, Baird, J, Baker, Pt, Baldaccini, F, Ballardin, G, Ballmer, Sw, Bals, A, Banagiri, S, Barayoga, Jc, Barbieri, C, Barclay, Se, Barish, Bc, Barker, D, Barkett, K, Barnum, S, Barone, F, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Bartlett, J, Bartos, I, Bassiri, R, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bayley, Jc, Bazzan, M, Becsy, B, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Bell, A, Beniwal, D, Benjamin, Mg, Bergmann, G, Bernuzzi, S, Berry, Cpl, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Betzwieser, J, Bhandare, R, Bidler, J, Biggs, E, Bilenko, Ia, Bilgili, Sa, Billingsley, G, Birney, R, Birnholtz, O, Biscans, S, Bischi, M, Biscoveanu, S, Bisht, A, Bitossi, M, Bizouard, Ma, Blackburn, Jk, Blackman, J, Blair, Cd, Blair, Dg, Blair, Rm, Bloemen, S, Bobba, F, Bode, N, Boer, M, Boetzel, Y, Bogaert, G, Bondu, F, Bonnand, R, Booker, P, Boom, Ba, Bork, R, Boschi, V, Bose, S, Bossilkov, V, Bosveld, J, Bouffanais, Y, Bozzi, A, Bradaschia, C, Brady, Pr, Bramley, A, Branchesi, M, Brau, Je, Breschi, M, Briant, T, Briggs, Jh, Brighenti, F, Brillet, A, Brinkmann, M, Brockill, P, Brooks, Af, Brooks, J, Brown, Dd, Brunett, S, Buikema, A, Bulik, T, Bulten, Hj, Buonanno, A, Buskulic, D, Buy, C, Byer, Rl, Cabero, M, Cadonati, L, Cagnoli, G, Cahillane, C, Bustillo, Jc, Callister, Ta, Calloni, E, Camp, Jb, Campbell, Wa, Canepa, M, Cannon, Kc, Cao, H, Cao, J, Carapella, G, Carbognani, F, Caride, S, Carney, Mf, Carullo, G, Diaz, Jc, Casentini, C, Caudill, S, Cavaglia, M, Cavalier, F, Cavalieri, R, Cella, G, Cerda-Duran, P, Cesarini, E, Chaibi, O, Chakravarti, K, Chamberlin, Sj, Chan, M, Chao, S, Charlton, P, Chase, Ea, Chassande-Mottin, E, Chatterjee, D, Chaturvedi, M, Cheeseboro, Bd, Chen, Hy, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Cheng, Hp, Cheong, Ck, Chia, Hy, Chiadini, F, Chincarini, A, Chiummo, A, Cho, G, Cho, H, Cho, M, Christensen, N, Chu, Q, Chua, S, Chung, Kw, Chung, S, Ciani, G, Cieslar, M, Ciobanu, Aa, Ciolfi, R, Cipriano, F, Cirone, A, Clara, F, Clark, Ja, Clearwater, P, Cleva, F, Coccia, E, Cohadon, Pf, Cohen, D, Colleoni, M, Collette, Cg, Collins, C, Colpi, M, Cominsky, Lr, Constancio, Jm, Conti, L, Cooper, Sj, Corban, P, Corbitt, Tr, Cordero-Carrion, I, Corezzi, S, Corley, Kr, Cornish, N, Corre, D, Corsi, A, Cortese, S, Costa, Ca, Cotesta, R, Coughlin, Mw, Coughlin, Sb, Coulon, Jp, Countryman, St, Couvares, P, Covas, Pb, Cowan, Ee, Coward, Dm, Cowart, Mj, Coyne, Dc, Coyne, R, Creighton, Jde, Creighton, Td, Cripe, J, Croquette, M, Crowder, Sg, Cullen, Tj, Cumming, A, Cunningham, L, Cuoco, E, Canton, Tl, Dalya, G, D'Angelo, B, Danilishin, Sl, D'Antonio, S, Danzmann, K, Dasgupta, A, Costa, Cfd, Datrier, Leh, Dattilo, V, Dave, I, Davier, M, Davis, D, Daw, Ej, Debra, D, Deenadayalan, M, Degallaix, J, De Laurentis, M, Deleglise, S, Del Pozzo, W, Demarchi, Lm, Demos, N, Dent, T, De Pietri, R, De Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Desalvo, R, de Varona, O, Dhurandhar, S, Diaz, Mc, Dietrich, T, Di Fiore, L, Difronzo, C, Di Giorgio, C, Di Giovanni, F, Di Giovanni, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Lieto, A, Ding, B, Di Pace, S, Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F, Divakarla, Ak, Dmitriev, A, Doctor, Z, Donovan, F, Dooley, Kl, Doravari, S, Dorrington, I, Downes, Tp, Drago, M, Driggers, Jc, Du, Z, Ducoin, Jg, Dupej, P, Durante, O, Dwyer, Se, Easter, Pj, Eddolls, G, Edo, Tb, Effler, A, Ehrens, P, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S, Eisenmann, M, Eisenstein, Ra, Errico, L, Essick, Rc, Estelles, H, Estevez, D, Etienne, Zb, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, Tm, Fafone, V, Fairhurst, S, Fan, X, Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, Wm, Fauchon-Jones, Ej, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Fee, C, Feicht, J, Fejer, Mm, Feng, F, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I, Ferreira, Ec, Ferreira, Ta, Fidecaro, F, Fiori, I, Fiorucci, D, Fishbach, M, Fisher, Rp, Fishner, Jm, Fittipaldi, R, Fitz-Axen, M, Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R, Fletcher, M, Floden, E, Flynn, E, Fong, H, Font, Ja, Forsyth, Pwf, Fournier, Jd, Vivanco, Fh, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Frey, V, Fritschel, P, Frolov, Vv, Fronze, G, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, Ha, Gadre, Bu, Gaebel, Sm, Gair, Jr, Gammaitoni, L, Gaonkar, Sg, Garcia-Quiros, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gaudio, S, Gaur, G, Gayathri, V, Gemme, G, Genin, E, Gennai, A, George, D, George, J, Gergely, L, Ghonge, S, Ghosh, A, Ghosh, S, Giacomazzo, B, Giaime, Ja, Giardina, Kd, Gibson, Dr, Gill, K, Glover, L, Gniesmer, J, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Goncharov, B, Gonzalez, G, Castro, Jmg, Gopakumar, A, Gossan, Se, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Grace, B, Grado, A, Granata, M, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, Ac, Green, R, Gretarsson, Em, Grimaldi, A, Grimm, Sj, Groot, P, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Guidi, Gm, Gulati, Hk, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, P, Gustafson, Ek, Gustafson, R, Haegel, L, Halim, O, Hall, Br, Hall, Ed, Hamilton, Ez, Hammond, G, Haney, M, Hanke, Mm, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannam, Md, Hannuksela, Oa, Hansen, Tj, Hanson, J, Harder, T, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, Gm, Harry, Iw, Hasskew, Rk, Haster, Cj, Haughian, K, Hayes, Fj, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heintze, Mc, Heitmann, H, Hellman, F, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennig, J, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Hinderer, T, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Holgado, Am, Holland, Na, Holt, K, Holz, De, Hopkins, P, Horst, C, Hough, J, Howell, Ej, Hoy, Cg, Huang, Y, Hubner, Mt, Huerta, Ea, Huet, D, Hughey, B, Hui, V, Husa, S, Huttner, Sh, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Inchauspe, H, Ingram, C, Inta, R, Intini, G, Irwin, B, Isa, Hn, Isac, Jm, Isi, M, Iyer, Br, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, Sj, Jani, K, Janthalur, Nn, Jaranowski, P, Jariwala, D, Jenkins, Ac, Jiang, J, Johnson, D, Jones, Aw, Jones, 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P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Aloy, M. A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Angelova, S. V., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arène, M., Arnaud, N., Aronson, S. M., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aufmuth, P., Aultoneal, K., Austin, C., Avendano, V., Avila-Alvarez, A., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bae, S., Baird, J., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Bals, A., Banagiri, S., Barayoga, J. C., Barbieri, C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barkett, K., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. 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H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Inchauspe, H., Ingram, C., Inta, R., Intini, G., Irwin, B., Isa, H. N., Isac, J. -M., Isi, M., Iyer, B. R., Jacqmin, T., Jadhav, S. J., Jani, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaranowski, P., Jariwala, D., Jenkins, A. C., Jiang, J., Johnson, D. S., Jones, A. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, J. D., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Junker, J., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kapadia, S. J., Karki, S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kawabe, K., Keerthana, N. V., Kéfélian, F., Keitel, D., Kennedy, R., Key, J. S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khazanov, E. A., Khetan, N., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, Chunglee, Kim, J. C., Kim, K., Kim, W., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., King, P. J., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Kleybolte, L., Klika, J. H., Klimenko, S., Knowles, T. D., Koch, P., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Koekoek, G., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kovalam, M., Kozak, D. B., Krämer, C., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N., Królak, A., Krupinski, N., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Kwang, S., Lackey, B. D., Laghi, D., Lai, K. H., Lam, T. L., Landry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., Lanza, R. K., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lehmann, J., Lenon, A. K., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Li, A., Li, J., Li, K. J. L., Li, T. G. F., Li, X., Lin, F., Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, J., Liu, X., Llorens-Monteagudo, M., Lo, R. K. L., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lower, M. E., Lück, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macas, R., Macfoy, S., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macquet, A., Hernandez, I. Magaña, Magaña-Sandoval, F., Magee, R. M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malik, A., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinez, V., Martynov, D. V., Masalehdan, H., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcguire, S. C., Mcisaac, C., Mciver, J., Mcmanus, D. J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Meidam, J., Villa, E. Mejuto, Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merfeld, K., Merilh, E. L., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Messina, F., Metzdorff, R., Meyers, P. M., Meylahn, F., Miani, A., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milovich-Goff, M. C., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mishkin, A., Mishra, C., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Mo, G., Moffa, D., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Morawski, F., Moreno, G., Morisaki, S., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Muciaccia, F., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukherjee, Subroto, Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muñiz, E. A., Muratore, M., Murray, P. G., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Neil, B. F., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Nevin, L., Ng, K. Y., Ng, S., Nguyen, C., Nguyen, P., Nichols, D., Nichols, S. A., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., North, C., Nuttall, L. K., Obergaulinger, M., Oberling, J., O’Brien, B. D., Oganesyan, G., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, Richard J., O’Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ortega, L. F., O’Shaughnessy, R., Ossokine, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Page, M. A., Pagliaroli, G., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Panda, P. K., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Parida, A., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patil, M., Patricelli, B., Payne, E., Pearlstone, B. L., Pechsiri, T. C., Pedersen, A. J., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perego, A., Perez, C. J., Périgois, C., Perreca, A., Petermann, J., Pfeiffer, H. P., Phelps, M., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M., Plastino, W., Poggiani, R., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Powell, J., Prajapati, A. K., Prasad, J., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Prestegard, T., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quinonez, P. J., Raab, F. J., Raaijmakers, G., Radkins, H., Radulesco, N., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Rakhmanov, M., Ramirez, K. E., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, Javed, Rao, K., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Rettegno, P., Ricci, F., Richardson, C. J., Richardson, J. W., Ricker, P. M., Riemenschneider, G., Riles, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romie, J. H., Rose, C. A., Rose, D., Rose, K., Rosińska, D., Rosofsky, S. G., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Rutins, G., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sakellariadou, M., Salafia, O. S., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J. R., Santiago, K. A., Santos, E., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Schale, P., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schönbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seidel, E., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sennett, N., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shaner, M. B., Sharma, A., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shen, H., Shink, R., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shukla, K., Shyamsundar, S., Siellez, K., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Singer, L. P., Singh, D., Singh, N., Singhal, A., Sintes, A. M., Sitmukhambetov, S., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Somala, S., Son, E. J., Soni, S., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Standke, M., Steer, D. A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stevenson, S. P., Stocks, D., Stone, R., Stops, D. J., Strain, K. A., Stratta, G., Strigin, S. E., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhir, V., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Tait, S. C., Talbot, C., Tanner, D. B., Tao, D., Tápai, M., Tapia, A., Tasson, J. D., Taylor, R., Tenorio, R., Terkowski, L., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Tiwari, V., Toland, K., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Töyrä, D., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Tsang, K. W., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tsutsui, T., Tuyenbayev, D., Ueno, K., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Schaaf, L., Vanheijningen, J. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vardaro, M., Varma, V., Vass, S., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Viets, A. D., Vinciguerra, S., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walet, R., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, S., Wang, W. H., Wang, Y. F., Ward, R. L., Warden, Z. A., Warner, J., Was, M., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Wessel, E. K., Weßels, P., Westhouse, J. W., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D. M., Williams, D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wright, J. L., Wu, D. S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, S., Xu, R., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yap, M. J., Yazback, M., Yeeles, D. W., Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Yuen, S. H. R., Zadrożny, A. K, Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhao, C., Zhao, G., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Holoien, T. W. -S., Kochanek, C. S., Prieto, J. L., Shappee, B. J., Stanek, K. Z., Haislip, J., Kouprianov, V., Reichart, D. E., Sand, D. J., Tartaglia, L., Valenti, S., Wyatt, S., Yang, S., Salemi, F., (Astro)-Particles Physics, UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Spectroscopies optiques des matériaux verres, amorphes et à nanoparticules (SOPRANO), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), AST-1821987, National Science Foundation, Science and Technology Facilities Council, 1191038, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, IC120009, Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo, National Research Foundation of Korea, Max-Planck-Society, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, State of Niedersachsen, Royal Society, Vicepresidència i Conselleria d’Innovació, Lyon Institute of Origins, Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovations, and Communications, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, American Institute for Fundamental Research, Generalitat Valenciana, Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, Research Corporation, Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation, South America Center for Astronomy, George Skestos, Australian Research Council, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Kavli Foundation, LIGO-P1700177, LIGO, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Science and Engineering Research Board, Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Narodowe Centrum Nauki, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russian Science Foundation, European Regional Development Fund, Scottish Funding Council, European Commission, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Országos Tudományos Kutatási Alapprogramok, Conseil Régional, Île-de-France, Natural Science and Engineering Research Council, National Research, Development and Innovation, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, GBMF5490, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Leverhulme Trust, AST-1515927, Ohio State University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Villum Fonden, IoP (FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE 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(IN2P3), Abbott, B, Abbott, T, Adya, V, Aguiar, O, Aloy, M, Altin, P, Anderson, S, Anderson, W, Angelova, S, Araya, M, Aronson, S, Aston, S, Bader, M, Baker, P, Ballmer, S, Barayoga, J, Barclay, S, Barish, B, Bayley, J, Benjamin, M, Berry, C, Bilenko, I, Bilgili, S, Bizouard, M, Blackburn, J, Blair, C, Blair, D, Blair, R, Boom, B, Brady, P, Brau, J, Briggs, J, Brooks, A, Brown, D, Bulten, H, Byer, R, Bustillo, J, Callister, T, Camp, J, Campbell, W, Cannon, K, Carney, M, Diaz, J, Chamberlin, S, Chase, E, Cheeseboro, B, Chen, H, Cheng, H, Cheong, C, Chia, H, Chung, K, Ciobanu, A, Clark, J, Cohadon, P, Collette, C, Cominsky, L, Constancio, M, Cooper, S, Corbitt, T, Corley, K, Costa, C, Coughlin, M, Coughlin, S, Coulon, J, Countryman, S, Covas, P, Cowan, E, Coward, D, Cowart, M, Coyne, D, Creighton, J, Creighton, T, Crowder, S, Cullen, T, Canton, T, Danilishin, S, Datrier, L, Daw, E, Demarchi, L, De Varona, O, Diaz, M, Divakarla, A, Dooley, K, Downes, T, Driggers, J, Ducoin, J, Dwyer, S, Easter, P, Edo, T, Eisenstein, R, Essick, R, Etienne, Z, Evans, T, Farr, W, Fauchon-Jones, E, Fejer, M, Ferreira, E, Ferreira, T, Fisher, R, Fishner, J, Font, J, Forsyth, P, Fournier, J, Vivanco, F, Frolov, V, Gabbard, H, Gadre, B, Gaebel, S, Gair, J, Gaonkar, S, Giaime, J, Giardina, K, Gibson, D, Castro, J, Gossan, S, Green, A, Gretarsson, E, Grimm, S, Guidi, G, Gulati, H, Gustafson, E, Hall, B, Hall, E, Hamilton, E, Hanke, M, Hannam, M, Hannuksela, O, Hansen, T, Harry, G, Harry, I, Hasskew, R, Haster, C, Hayes, F, Heintze, M, Holgado, A, Holland, N, Holz, D, Howell, E, Hoy, C, Hubner, M, Huerta, E, Huttner, S, Isa, H, Isac, J, Iyer, B, Jadhav, S, Janthalur, N, Jenkins, A, Jones, A, Jones, D, Jones, J, Jonker, R, Kalaghatgi, C, Kanner, J, Kapadia, S, Keerthana, N, Khalili, F, Khazanov, E, Kim, J, Kim, Y, King, P, Klika, J, Knowles, T, Koehlenbeck, S, Korth, W, Kozak, D, Lackey, B, Lai, K, Lam, T, Lane, B, Lang, R, Lanza, R, Lasky, P, Lecoeuche, Y, Lee, C, Lee, H, Lenon, A, Li, K, Li, T, Linker, S, Littenberg, T, Lo, R, London, L, Lough, J, Lousto, C, Lower, M, Lundgren, A, Macleod, D, Hernandez, I, Magee, R, Mansell, G, Martin, I, Martin, R, Martynov, D, Massinger, T, Mccann, J, Mcclelland, D, Mcguire, S, Mcmanus, D, Mcwilliams, S, Meadors, G, Mehta, A, Villa, E, Mercer, R, Merilh, E, Meyers, P, Miller, A, Mills, J, Milovich-Goff, M, Mitrofanov, V, Mohapatra, S, Moore, C, Mow-Lowry, C, Muniz, E, Murray, P, Nayak, R, Neil, B, Nelson, T, Ng, K, Nichols, S, Nuttall, L, O'Brien, B, Ogin, G, Oh, J, Oh, S, Okada, M, Oram, R, Ormiston, R, Ortega, L, Ottaway, D, Owen, B, Pace, A, Page, M, Pai, S, Palamos, J, Panda, P, Pang, P, Pant, B, Pearlstone, B, Pechsiri, T, Pedersen, A, Perez, C, Pfeiffer, H, Piccinni, O, Pinto, I, Pong, D, Porter, E, Prajapati, A, Prodi, G, Quinonez, P, Raab, F, Ramirez, K, Reitze, D, Richardson, C, Richardson, J, Ricker, P, Robertson, N, Rollins, J, Roma, V, Romel, C, Romie, J, Rose, C, Rosofsky, S, Ross, M, Sanchez, E, Sanchez, L, Sanders, J, 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Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Arene, M., Becsy, B., Bustillo, J. C., Diaz, J. C., Cavaglia, M., Cerda-Duran, P., Cieslar, M., Cordero-Carrion, I., Canton, T. D., Dalya, G., D'Angelo, B., D'Antonio, S., Costa, C. F. D. S., Deleglise, S., De Varona, O., Diaz, M. C., Vivanco, F. H., Fronze, G., Garcia-Quiros, C., Ghosh, A., Gonzalez, G., Castro, J. M. G., Hubner, M. T., Kefelian, F., Kim, C., Kramer, C., Krolak, A., Kumar, R., Luck, H., Hernandez, I. M., Magana-Sandoval, F., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Villa, E. M., Mukherjee, A., Muniz, E. A., O'Brien, B. D., Oram, R. J., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Perigois, C., Pinto, I., Purrer, M., Rana, J., Rosinska, D., Rudiger, A., Schonbeck, A., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tapai, M., Tiwari, S., Torres-Forne, A., Toyra, D., Van Bakel, N., Van Beuzekom, M., Van Den Brand, J. F. J., Van Der Schaaf, L., Van Veggel, A. A., Vasuth, M., Vicere, A., Wessels, P., Yu, H., Zadrozny, A. K., Zadrozny, A., Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
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Astronomy ,PROGENITOR ,Gravitational Wave ,II-P SUPERNOVA ,Astrophysics ,Burst GW detection ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,gravitational waves, supernovae ,Physics, Particles & Fields ,neutrino ,Gravitational waves, Novae and supernovae ,gravitational radiation: energy ,LIGO ,QC ,QB ,Settore FIS/01 ,Physics ,astro-ph.HE ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,CURVE ,ii-p supernova ,energy: emission ,neutrino burst ,NEUTRINO BURST ,bar-mode instability ,Core-Collapse Supernovae ,Novae and supernovae ,Supernova ,General relativity ,Physical Sciences ,[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc] ,simulations ,Neutrino ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Advanced Virgo ,stars ,Gravitational waves sources, data analysis ,SHOCK BREAKOUT ,gr-qc ,supernova: collapse ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,alternative theories of gravity ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,emission: model ,Gravitational waves ,Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica ,Coincident ,0103 physical sciences ,Advanced LIGO ,ddc:530 ,SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy ,010306 general physics ,numerical calculations ,curve ,STFC ,Science & Technology ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Gravitational wave ,Virgo ,RCUK ,progenitor ,SIMULATIONS ,radiation ,BAR-MODE INSTABILITY ,Stars ,VIRGO ,Physics and Astronomy ,explosion mechanism ,Orders of magnitude (time) ,shock breakout ,13. Climate action ,efficiency ,gravitational radiation: emission ,RADIATION ,EXPLOSION MECHANISM ,Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik ,higher-dimensional ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,STARS ,Gravitational Waves - Abstract
We present the results from a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernovae observed within a source distance of approximately 20 Mpc during the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. No significant gravitational-wave candidate was detected. We report the detection efficiencies as a function of the distance for waveforms derived from multidimensional numerical simulations and phenomenological extreme emission models. For neutrino-driven explosions the distance at which we reach 50% detection efficiency is approaching 5 kpc, and for magnetorotationally-driven explosions is up to 54 kpc. However, waveforms for extreme emission models are detectable up to 28 Mpc. For the first time, the gravitational-wave data enabled us to exclude part of the parameter spaces of two extreme emission models with confidence up to 83%, limited by coincident data coverage. Besides, using ad hoc harmonic signals windowed with Gaussian envelopes we constrained the gravitational-wave energy emitted during core-collapse at the levels of $4.27\times 10^{-4}\,M_\odot c^2$ and $1.28\times 10^{-1}\,M_\odot c^2$ for emissions at 235 Hz and 1304 Hz respectively. These constraints are two orders of magnitude more stringent than previously derived in the corresponding analysis using initial LIGO, initial Virgo and GEO 600 data., Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures
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- 2020
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27. Experimental study on the lower explosion limit and mechanism of methanol pre-mixed spray under negative pressure.
- Author
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Wu, Feng, Wang, He, Yu, Hao, Zang, Xiaowei, Pan, Xuhai, Hua, Min, and Jiang, Juncheng
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FLAMMABLE limits , *DUST explosions , *METHANOL , *GAS explosions , *HEAT resistant materials , *SHOCK waves - Abstract
• Effects of multiple factors on the lower explosion limit of methanol spray were studied. • The development of a typical spray explosion accident and the mechanism of spray explosion were analyzed. • The negative pressure reduced the lower explosion limit of methanol spray. • The spray explosion occurred more easily when the ambient temperature was higher than the material temperature. • After the termination of spray explosion, the droplet burning still continued. Equally as important as gas and dust explosions, the lower explosion limit(LEL) of spray is an important parameter for explosion prevention and control. The impact of ambient temperature(298.15–323.15 K), pressure(0.8–1.0 bar) and injection pressure(1.3–2.1 bar) on the LEL of methanol spray under negative pressure was studied. The development of a typical spray explosion accident and the mechanism of spray explosion were analyzed. Results showed that the impact of oxygen content on the LEL of methanol spray was minor and could be ignored. Under negative pressure, the LEL increased with increasing ambient pressure with a linear relationship. The increasing ambient temperature promoted the decrease of the LEL. The reduction of LEL was facilitated by the air drive at 13 bar to 17 bar. Under the combined effect of ambient pressure and injection pressure, the LEL of methanol spray varied in line with the effect of single factor. When ambient temperature and injection pressure combined, the injection pressure had less impact on the LEL, while the impact of ambient temperature took the lead. The slope of the fitting curve was greater at ambient temperatures above 308.15 K(material temperature) when ambient pressure and temperature were combined, and the LEL of methanol spray was more significantly impacted by ambient pressure. The combined effect of ambient pressure and temperature resulted in a 43.64% reduction of the LEL, much greater than the sum of the reductions caused by the single factors. Apart from the three factors of combustion, a suitable vapour-liquid two-phase concentration was needed for the spray explosion. In the initial stage, the explosion pressure increased, the rate of pressure rise decreased and the combustion between droplets spread relatively slowly. When the explosion developed fully, the rate of pressure rise increased, the pressure reached a peak. The flame brightness was extremely high. Droplet flaming continued after the termination of the explosion. The hazards of spray explosions included debris from the explosion, fireballs, shock waves, and the scalding of flaming droplets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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28. Optically targeted search for gravitational waves emitted by core-collapse supernovae during the first and second observing runs of advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo
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Abbott, B.P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T.D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adya, V.B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O.D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Aloy, M.A., Altin, P.A., Amato, A., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S.B., Anderson, W.G., Angelova, S.V., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Araya, M.C., Areeda, J.S., Arène, M., Arnaud, N., Aronson, S.M., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Aston, S.M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aufmuth, P., AultONeal, K., Austin, C., Avendano, V., Avila-Alvarez, A., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Badaracco, F., Bader, M.K.M., Bae, S., Baird, J., Baker, P.T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S.W., Bals, A., Banagiri, S., Barayoga, J.C., Barbieri, C., Barclay, S.E., Barish, B.C., Barker, D., Barkett, K., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J.C., Bazzan, M., Bécsy, B., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bell, A.S., Beniwal, D., Benjamin, M.G., Bergmann, G., Bernuzzi, S., Berry, C.P.L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhandare, R., Bidler, J., Biggs, E., Bilenko, I.A., Bilgili, S.A., Billingsley, G., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M.A., Blackburn, J.K., Blackman, J., Blair, C.D., Blair, D.G., Blair, R.M., Bloemen, S., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boer, M., Boetzel, Y., Bogaert, G., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B.A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Bosveld, J., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P.R., Bramley, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J.E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J.H., Brighenti, F., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A.F., Brooks, J., Brown, D.D., Brunett, S., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H.J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R.L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Calderón Bustillo, J., Callister, T.A., Calloni, E., Camp, J.B., Campbell, W.A., Canepa, M., Cannon, K.C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Carney, M.F., Carullo, G., Casanueva Diaz, J., Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chakravarti, K., Chamberlin, S.J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E.A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Cheeseboro, B.D., Chen, H.Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, H.-P., Cheong, C.K., Chia, H.Y., Chiadini, F., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H.S., Cho, M., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, K.W., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Cieślar, M., Ciobanu, A.A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, J.A., Clearwater, P., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P.-F., Cohen, D., Colleoni, M., Collette, C.G., Collins, C., Colpi, M., Cominsky, L.R., Constancio, M., Conti, L., Cooper, S.J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T.R., Cordero-Carrión, I., 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P., Frolov, V.V., Fronzè, G., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H.A., Gadre, B.U., Gaebel, S.M., Gair, J.R., Gammaitoni, L., Gaonkar, S.G., García-Quirós, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gaur, G., Gayathri, V., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, D., George, J., Gergely, L., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, S., Giacomazzo, B., Giaime, J.A., Giardina, K.D., Gibson, D.R., Gill, K., Glover, L., Gniesmer, J., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Goncharov, B., González, G., Castro Gonzalez, J.M., Gopakumar, A., Gossan, S.E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Grace, B., Grado, A., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A.C., Green, R., Gretarsson, E.M., Grimaldi, A., Grimm, S.J., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guidi, G.M., Gulati, H.K., Guo, Y., Gupta, A., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, P., Gustafson, E.K., Gustafson, R., Haegel, L., Halim, O., Hall, B.R., Hall, E.D., Hamilton, E.Z., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M.M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M.D., Hannuksela, O.A., Hansen, T.J., Hanson, J., Harder, T., Hardwick, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G.M., Harry, I.W., Hasskew, R.K., Haster, C.J., Haughian, K., Hayes, F.J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M.C., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I.S., Hennig, J., Heurs, Michèle, Hild, S., Hinderer, T., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Holgado, A.M., Holland, N.A., Holt, K., Holz, D.E., Hopkins, P., Horst, C., Hough, J., Howell, E.J., Hoy, C.G., Huang, Y., Hübner, M.T., Huerta, E.A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Hui, V., Husa, S., Huttner, S.H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Inchauspe, H., Ingram, C., Inta, R., Intini, G., Irwin, B., Isa, H.N., Isac, J.-M., Isi, M., Iyer, B.R., Jacqmin, T., Jadhav, S.J., Jani, K., Janthalur, N.N., Jaranowski, P., Jariwala, D., Jenkins, A.C., Jiang, J., Johnson, D.S., Jones, A.W., Jones, D.I., Jones, J.D., Jones, R., Jonker, R.J.G., Ju, L., Junker, J., Kalaghatgi, C.V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J.B., Kapadia, S.J., Karki, S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kawabe, K., Keerthana, N.V., Kéfélian, F., Keitel, D., Kennedy, R., Key, J.S., Khalili, F.Y., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khazanov, E.A., Khetan, N., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, Chunglee, Kim, J.C., Kim, K., Kim, W., Kim, W.S., Kim, Y.-M., Kimball, C., King, P.J., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J.S., Kleybolte, L., Klika, J.H., Klimenko, S., Knowles, T.D., Koch, P., Koehlenbeck, S.M., Koekoek, G., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Korth, W.Z., Kovalam, M., Kozak, D.B., Krämer, C., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N., Królak, A., Krupinski, N., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Kwang, S., Lackey, B.D., Laghi, D., Lai, K.H., Lam, T.L., Landry, M., Lane, B.B., Lang, R.N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., Lanza, R.K., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P.D., 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Martynov, D.V., Masalehdan, H., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T.J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., McCann, J.J., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D.E., McCormick, S., McCuller, L., McGuire, S.C., McIsaac, C., McIver, J., McManus, D.J., McRae, T., McWilliams, S.T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G.D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A.K., Meidam, J., Villa, E.Mejuto, Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R.A., Mereni, L., Merfeld, K., Merilh, E.L., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Messina, F., Metzdorff, R., Meyers, P.M., Meylahn, F., Miani, A., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Milano, L., Miller, A.L., Millhouse, M., Mills, J.C., Milovich-Goff, M.C., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mishkin, A., Mishra, C., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V.P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Mo, G., Moffa, D., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S.R.P., Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C.J., Moraru, D., Morawski, F., Moreno, G., Morisaki, S., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C.M., Muciaccia, F., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukherjee, Subroto, Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muñiz, E.A., Muratore, M., Murray, P.G., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R.K., Neil, B.F., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T.J.N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Nevin, L., Ng, K.Y., Ng, S., Nguyen, C., Nguyen, P., Nichols, D., Nichols, S.A., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., North, C., Nuttall, L.K., Obergaulinger, M., Oberling, J., O’Brien, B.D., Oganesyan, G., Ogin, G.H., Oh, J.J., Oh, S.H., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M.A., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, Richard J., O’Reilly, B., Ormiston, R.G., Ortega, L.F., O’Shaughnessy, R., Ossokine, S., Ottaway, D.J., Overmier, H., Owen, B.J., Pace, A.E., Pagano, G., Page, M.A., Pagliaroli, G., Pai, A., Pai, S.A., Palamos, J.R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Panda, P.K., Pang, P.T.H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B.C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Parida, A., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patil, M., Patricelli, B., Payne, E., Pearlstone, B.L., Pechsiri, T.C., Pedersen, A.J., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perego, A., Perez, C.J., Périgois, C., Perreca, A., Petermann, J., Pfeiffer, H.P., Phelps, M., Phukon, K.S., Piccinni, O.J., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I.M., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M., Plastino, W., Poggiani, R., Pong, D.Y.T., Ponrathnam, S., Popolizio, P., Porter, E.K., Powell, J., Prajapati, A.K., Prasad, J., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Prestegard, T., Principe, M., Prodi, G.A., Prokhorov, L., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quinonez, P.J., Raab, F.J., Raaijmakers, G., Radkins, H., Radulesco, N., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Rakhmanov, M., Ramirez, K.E., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, Javed, Rao, K., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D.H., Rettegno, P., Ricci, F., Richardson, C.J., Richardson, J.W., Ricker, P.M., Riemenschneider, G., Riles, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N.A., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J.G., Roma, V.J., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C.L., Romie, J.H., Rose, C.A., Rose, D., Rose, K., Rosińska, D., Rosofsky, S.G., Ross, M.P., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Rutins, G., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sakellariadou, M., Salafia, O.S., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E.J., Sanchez, L.E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J.R., Santiago, K.A., Santos, E., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Sauter, O., Savage, R.L., Schale, P., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R.M.S., Schönbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schulte, B.W., Schutz, B.F., Scott, J., Scott, S.M., Seidel, E., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A.S., Sennett, N., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaddock, D.A., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M.S., Shaner, M.B., Sharma, A., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shen, H., Shink, R., Shoemaker, D.H., Shoemaker, D.M., Shukla, K., ShyamSundar, S., Siellez, K., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Singer, L.P., Singh, D., Singh, N., Singhal, A., Sintes, A.M., Sitmukhambetov, S., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B.J.J., Slaven-Blair, T.J., Smith, J.R., Smith, R.J.E., Somala, S., Son, E.J., Soni, S., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spencer, A.P., Spera, M., Srivastava, A.K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Standke, M., Steer, D.A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stevenson, S.P., Stocks, D., Stone, R., Stops, D.J., Strain, K.A., Stratta, G., Strigin, S.E., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A.L., Sudhir, V., Summerscales, T.Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P.J., Swinkels, B.L., Szczepańczyk, M.J., Tacca, M., Tait, S.C., Talbot, C., Tanner, D.B., Tao, D., Tápai, M., Tapia, A., Tasson, J.D., Taylor, R., Tenorio, R., Terkowski, L., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thondapu, S.R., 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- Abstract
We present the results from a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernovae observed within a source distance of approximately 20 Mpc during the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. No significant gravitational-wave candidate was detected. We report the detection efficiencies as a function of the distance for waveforms derived from multidimensional numerical simulations and phenomenological extreme emission models. The sources with neutrino-driven explosions are detectable at the distances approaching 5 kpc, and for magnetorotationally driven explosions the distances are up to 54 kpc. However, waveforms for extreme emission models are detectable up to 28 Mpc. For the first time, the gravitational-wave data enabled us to exclude part of the parameter spaces of two extreme emission models with confidence up to 83%, limited by coincident data coverage. Besides, using ad hoc harmonic signals windowed with Gaussian envelopes, we constrained the gravitational-wave energy emitted during core collapse at the levels of 4.27×10-4 M·c2 and 1.28×10-1 M·c2 for emissions at 235 and 1304 Hz, respectively. These constraints are 2 orders of magnitude more stringent than previously derived in the corresponding analysis using initial LIGO, initial Virgo, and GEO 600 data. © 2020 American Physical Society.
- Published
- 2020
29. Spectral dependence of the initiation threshold of explosive decomposition in AgN3
- Author
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Lisitsyn, V., Morozova, E., Skripin, A., and Tsipilev, V.
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SYNCHRONIZATION , *SPECTRUM analysis , *CHEMICAL decomposition , *EXPLOSIVES , *LASER beams , *SENSITIVITY analysis , *WAVELENGTHS , *PHOTOCHEMISTRY - Abstract
Abstract: Explosion initiation energy threshold of silver azide was studied for different laser radiation wavelengths. Samples were prepared in the form of pellets (pressed powders), thread-like monocrystals and thin plate polycrystals. A special laser complex was used to perform the experiments. It provided multiparameter measuring of different processes in explosive decomposition of samples. These processes are glowing of decomposing sample, glowing from the irradiated area only, sample acoustic response, shape and energy of a laser pulse. The time resolution for all the experiments made 5ns and synchronization accuracy made 10ns. It was found that silver azide demonstrates high sensitivity to laser radiation in its transparent spectral region (1064nm and 532nm). The explosion initiation energy threshold made 4–8mJ/cm2 for both pressed powders with the free surface and for samples with the covered and pressed by a quartz plate surface. Silver azide crystals require approximately 10 times higher energy density to explode. When the samples were acted by UV laser radiation, their sensitivity was from 50 to 500 times lower for the uncovered samples. The covered and pressed samples demonstrated the sensitivity which was close to that for acted by 1064nm laser radiation. Equal sensitivity of samples to laser radiation with different wavelengths testifies to non-photochemical nature of explosion initiation. The results obtained in the experiments can be consistently explained within the limits of the thermal theory of explosion initiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Explosion characteristics and mechanism of aluminum-reduced graphene oxide composite powder.
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Jiang, Haipeng, Bi, Mingshu, Zhang, Jiankan, Zhao, Fengqi, Wang, Jiaying, Zhang, Tianjiao, Xu, Jintao, Song, Yiju, and Gao, Wei
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- *
GRAPHENE oxide , *POLYTEF , *COAL dust , *IGNITION temperature , *ALUMINUM oxide , *ALUMINUM oxidation , *EXPLOSIONS - Abstract
Aluminum-based fuel in energetic formulations has favorable ignition and combustion characteristics, but it is also prone to an explosion. To ensure safe production and prevent accident, explosion characteristics and the mechanism of aluminum-reduced graphene oxide (Al-RGO) composite were investigated. Thermal analysis showed that after adding RGO, the activation energy of Al dust in the initial oxidation stage decreased from 241.5 kJ/mol to 90.0 kJ/mol. With the addition of 5 wt% RGO, PTFE, and Ni inclusions, the minimum explosible concentration increased by 40%, 10%, and 25%, the maximum explosion pressure increased by 20.8%, 13.8%, and 7.5%, respectively. Moreover, the addition of RGO could significantly improve the flame propagation speed and oxidation efficiency of aluminum but with a slight effect on the burning time of single Al particles. XPS results revealed that the major explosion product of Al-RGO is Al 2 O 3. Based on these results, the explosion mechanism of Al-RGO was discussed in-depth. [Display omitted] • Aluminum-reduced graphene oxide composite powder for energetic formulations was synthesized. • Thermal stability analysis, explosion characteristics and mechanism of Al, Al-RGO, Al-Ni and Al-PTFE were conducted. • The addition of RGO could significantly decrease the E a , and improve the explosion severity of Al dust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Explosion Characteristics and Flame Propagation Behavior of Mixed Dust Cloud of Coal Dust and Oil Shale Dust
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Bo Liu, Yansong Zhang, Huifeng Su, Junfeng Wang, Yuyuan Zhang, and Jinshe Chen
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Control and Optimization ,020209 energy ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Mineralogy ,02 engineering and technology ,Coal dust ,Combustion ,lcsh:Technology ,law.invention ,020401 chemical engineering ,law ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Coal ,Char ,0204 chemical engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,lcsh:T ,flame propagation ,Autoignition temperature ,Ignition system ,Minimum ignition energy ,oil shale and coal dust ,explosion mechanism ,Environmental science ,ignition sensitivity ,business ,Oil shale ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
Coal and oil shale are often mined and utilized together, and mixed dust is easily formed in these processes. In order to ensure safe production in these processes, the explosion characteristics of mixed dust were studied. Using a Godbert-Greenwold (G-G) Furnace experimental device, Hartmann tube experimental device, and 20 L explosion vessel, the oil shale and coal mixed dust ignition sensitivity experiment, flame propagation experiment, and explosion characteristics experiment were carried out. The minimum ignition temperature (MIT), minimum ignition energy (MIE), maximum explosion pressure (Pmax), maximum rate of pressure rise ((dp/dt)max), and explosibility index (KSt) parameters and the flame propagation behavior of the mixed dust were analyzed in detail. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the coal and oil shale dust before and after the explosion was carried out to study the changes in the microscopic morphology of the dust particles. The results show that due to the oil shale having a high volatile content and low moisture content, in the mixture, the greater the percentage of oil shale, the more likely the dust cloud is to be ignited and the faster the explosion flame is propagated, the greater the percentage of oil shale, the greater the (dP/dt)max and KSt will be and, under a high dust concentration, a greater Pmax will be produced. During explosion, coal dust will experience particle pyrolysis and the gas phase combustion of the volatile matter, followed by solid phase combustion of coal char, whereas oil shale dust will only experience particle pyrolysis and the gas phase combustion of the volatile matter.
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- 2019
32. Research on ricochet and its regularity of projectiles obliquely penetrating into concrete target
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Jianfeng Xue, Peihui Shen, and Xiaoming Wang
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Materials science ,lcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinery ,concrete target ,020101 civil engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,0201 civil engineering ,03 medical and health sciences ,oblique penetration ,0302 clinical medicine ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,General Materials Science ,lcsh:TJ1-1570 ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,ricochet ,Total internal reflection ,projectile ,Projectile ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Oblique case ,Conical surface ,Mechanics ,Penetration (firestop) ,Structural engineering ,Ogive ,explosion mechanism ,Kinetic equations ,Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Physics::Space Physics ,Ricochet ,orthogonal experiment ,business - Abstract
To address the ricochet problem in penetration process, the mathematical model of projectile penetrating into concrete target is established according to the basic kinetic equation and surface layer mechanism. The motion trajectory of projectile nose is obtained. Experimental studies on projectiles with different nose penetrating into concrete targets are conducted to explain the ricochet problem. These studies analyze fifty-four penetration conditions under different initial velocities and oblique angles when the projectiles have flat, hemispherical, ogive noses and conical noses. The regularity and critical angles of ricochet are analyzed with different nose shapes at different velocities. Results show that the ricochet angle increases depending on nose sharp and penetration velocity. The factors affecting the ricochet from big to small were analyzed via orthogonal test. The results show that with increasing the velocity from 652 m/s to 1022 m/s, the critical angle increases from 44° to 66°. The order of factors affecting the ricochet from big to small is the shape of the nose, the material of the projectiles and the penetrating velocity respectively.
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- 2016
33. Analysis of the effect mechanism of water and CH4 concentration on gas explosion in confined space.
- Author
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Li, Xiangchun, Zhang, Huan, Bai, Sheng, Dong, Chen, Ye, Xinwei, and Jia, Suye
- Abstract
In order to study the effect of water and CH 4 concentration on gas explosion, a 20L spherical explosive device was used to carry out a water-containing gas explosion experiment, and the explosion simulation was carried out with CHEMKIN-PRO, the mechanism of water on gas explosion was analyzed from the perspective of free radicals and energy. The results showed that the upper limit of gas explosion, maximum explosion pressure and temperature decreased significantly with the increase of water content. The higher the concentration of CH 4 , the more obvious the inhibitory effect of water on gas explosion pressure, and the optimal explosion concentration of CH 4 decreased with the increase of water content. As the water content and CH 4 concentration increase, the residual CH 4 content increases after the explosion, the O 2 content decreases, and the CO content produced increases. When the CH 4 concentration is lower than the optimal concentration, water promotes the formation of CO 2 to a certain extent; when the CH 4 concentration is higher than the optimal explosive concentration, the CO 2 content decreases with the increase of water content. Overall, water inhibits methane explosion, the addition of water on the one hand reduces the concentration of active free radicals H, O, OH, on the other hand, it interferes with the generation of gas explosion energy and consumes the kinetic energy of the gas explosion flame shock wave through heat absorption, thus inhibiting the intensity of gas explosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Probing type Ia supernova properties using bolometric light curves from the Carnegie Supernova Project and the CfA Supernova Group
- Author
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Mark M. Phillips, E. Parent, Carlos Contreras, Brad E. Tucker, Kevin Krisciunas, Peter J. Brown, Anthony L. Piro, Richard Scalzo, Christopher R. Burns, Nicholas B. Suntzeff, Nidia Morrell, Maximilian Stritzinger, Eric Hsiao, and M. J. Childress
- Subjects
statistical [Methods] ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,general [Supernovae] ,PROGENITOR ,FACTORY OBSERVATIONS ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Photometry (optics) ,symbols.namesake ,MASS WHITE-DWARF ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Dark energy ,DELAYED-DETONATION MODELS ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,Physics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,FAINT END ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,NI-56 PRODUCTION ,Bolometer ,White dwarf ,White dwarfs ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Light curve ,Galaxy ,Supernova ,13. Climate action ,Space and Planetary Science ,IMPROVED DISTANCES ,symbols ,LUMINOSITY ,EXPLOSION MECHANISM ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Hubble's law ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ,HUBBLE CONSTANT - Abstract
We present bolometric light curves constructed from multi-wavelength photometry of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Carnegie Supernova Project and the CfA Supernova Group, using near-infrared observations to provide robust constraints on host galaxy dust extinction. This set of light curves form a well-measured reference set for comparison with theoretical models. Ejected mass and synthesized $^{56}$Ni mass are inferred for each SN Ia from its bolometric light curve using a semi-analytic Bayesian light curve model, and fitting formulae provided in terms of light curve width parameters from the SALT2 and SNooPy light curve fitters. A weak bolometric width-luminosity relation is confirmed, along with a correlation between ejected mass and the bolometric light curve width. SNe Ia likely to have sub-Chandrasekhar ejected masses belong preferentially to the broad-line and cool-photosphere spectroscopic subtypes, and have higher photospheric velocities and populate older, higher-mass host galaxies than SNe Ia consistent with Chandrasekhar-mass explosions. Two peculiar events, SN 2006bt and SN 2006ot, have normal peak luminosities but appear to have super-Chandrasekhar ejected masses., Comment: 26 pages, 14 figures; accepted to MNRAS. An online-only appendix in the MNRAS version is included as a supplemental appendix to the arXiv text; online-only tables, including bolometric light curves and MCMC inversion results, are included as ancillary files
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Explosion Characteristics and Flame Propagation Behavior of Mixed Dust Cloud of Coal Dust and Oil Shale Dust.
- Author
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Wang, Junfeng, Zhang, Yansong, Su, Huifeng, Chen, Jinshe, Liu, Bo, and Zhang, Yuyuan
- Subjects
COAL dust ,OIL shales ,DUST ,FLAME ,IGNITION temperature ,COMBUSTION gases - Abstract
Coal and oil shale are often mined and utilized together, and mixed dust is easily formed in these processes. In order to ensure safe production in these processes, the explosion characteristics of mixed dust were studied. Using a Godbert-Greenwold (G-G) Furnace experimental device, Hartmann tube experimental device, and 20 L explosion vessel, the oil shale and coal mixed dust ignition sensitivity experiment, flame propagation experiment, and explosion characteristics experiment were carried out. The minimum ignition temperature (MIT), minimum ignition energy (MIE), maximum explosion pressure (P
max ), maximum rate of pressure rise ((dp/dt)max ), and explosibility index (KSt ) parameters and the flame propagation behavior of the mixed dust were analyzed in detail. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the coal and oil shale dust before and after the explosion was carried out to study the changes in the microscopic morphology of the dust particles. The results show that due to the oil shale having a high volatile content and low moisture content, in the mixture, the greater the percentage of oil shale, the more likely the dust cloud is to be ignited and the faster the explosion flame is propagated; the greater the percentage of oil shale, the greater the (dP/dt)max and KSt will be and, under a high dust concentration, a greater Pmax will be produced. During explosion, coal dust will experience particle pyrolysis and the gas phase combustion of the volatile matter, followed by solid phase combustion of coal char, whereas oil shale dust will only experience particle pyrolysis and the gas phase combustion of the volatile matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Experimental study on whether and how particle size affects the flame propagation and explosibility of oil shale dust.
- Author
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Wang, Junfeng, Meng, Xiangbao, Ma, Xuesong, Xiao, Qin, Liu, Bo, and Zhang, Gongyan
- Subjects
OIL shales ,PARTICLES ,DUST explosions ,FLAME ,DUST - Abstract
Flame propagation tests and explosibility tests were conducted on three different particle sizes of dust samples with a vertical glass tube and a 20 L spherical explosibility test apparatus. The explosibility was examined using Pmax, [dp/dt]max, and tb. Proximate analysis and SEM analysis were performed on the oil shale dust samples before and after explosion. The results indicate that, within a given limit of particle size, the smaller the particle size, the greater the flame propagation velocity and explosibility of oil shale dust; beyond this limit, oxygen content and particle agglomeration will both make a difference, eventually weakened the combustion reaction. The extent to which particle size affects explosibility also varies as a function of concentration, and the optimum concentration of dust was found to vary with mass median particle size. The process of the oil shale dust explosion is mainly the volatile matter combustion reaction. Particle size affects oil shale dust explosion primarily as a result of the different pyrolysis rate and amount of volatile matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Reply to comment by D. Carbone and D. Patan on 'multidisciplinary investigation on a lava fountain preceding a flank eruption: The 10 May 2008 Etna case'
- Author
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Filippo Greco, Andrea Cannata, G. Di Grazia, L. Miraglia, Antonio Pistorio, Alessandro Bonaccorso, Rosa Anna Corsaro, and Salvatore Gambino
- Subjects
Geophysics ,Lateral eruption ,explosion mechanism ,Etna volcano ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Lava ,Multidisciplinary approach ,lava fountain ,Fountain ,volcano multidisciplinary monitoring ,Seismology ,Geology
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