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Less refined sugar (LRS) is a less refined natural sweetener that retains some polyphenols and minerals naturally occurring in the sugarcane, and its metabolic impact still needs to be studied. The present work compared the glycaemic response of three doses (Low, L; Medium, M; and High, H) of LRS and refined sugar (RS), in 54 normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats (n = 6/group). The metabolic response was also evaluated after two weeks of acute intervention in diabetic rats. The peak of glycaemia and global glucose response was lower after oral LRS administration than RS at corresponding doses, in normal and type 1 diabetic rats. After two weeks of interventions, fasting serum glucose level was found to be lower but not significant (p > 0.05) for groups receiving LRS-L, LRS-M, and LRS-H (at 11.53 ± 2.51, 12.68 ± 5.09, and 14.88 ± 1.46 mmol/L, respectively) in comparison with a corresponding dose of RS-L, RS-M, and RS-H (at 12.48 ± 0.74, 15.02 ± 1.28, and 15.70 ± 0.05 mmol/L, respectively). Consumption of LRS showed lower insulin resistance (IR), as revealed by reduced fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to RS treatment groups. This suggested that the consumption of LRS could be a less harmful alternative to RS in normal and diabetic condition, which may encourage both the industry and the public to substitute RS with LRS in food preparation and products. However, further detailed research is recommended to conclude the outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric noise from metallic surfaces is a major obstacle towards quantum applications with trapped ions due to motional heating of the ions. Here, we discuss how the same noise source can also lead to pure dephasing of motional quantum states. The mechanism is particularly relevant at small ion-surface distances, thus imposing a constraint on trap miniaturization. By means of a free induction decay experiment, we measure the dephasing time of the motion of a single ion trapped 50 μm above a Cu-Al surface. From the dephasing times we extract the integrated noise below the secular frequency of the ion. We find that none of the most commonly discussed surface noise models for ion traps describes both the observed heating as well as the measured dephasing satisfactorily. Thus, our measurements provide a benchmark for future models for the electric noise emitted by metallic surfaces.

"n Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1":*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Background: Trauma to the hand is very common and consequently, metacarpal fractures are not rare entities. Some of these fractures need surgery. Considering the diversity of surgical methods available for these kinds of fractures and also the importance of achieving full function and speedy return to work for patients that are mainly young workers or athletes, this study was undertaken to investigate the outcome of treating these fractures by mini-plates."n"nMethods : Eighteen patients with open or comminuted fractures of metacarpal bones who were admitted to the emergency department of Sina Hospital between the years 2007 and 2010 underwent fixation surgery using mini-plates. Fourteen patients with 17 metacarpal fractures completed the study."n"nResults : Thirteen out of 14 patients had complete fracture union. The patient with non-union underwent revision surgery and bone graft. Four individuals developed an extensor lag of 15 degrees without functional impairment. Two patients had joint stiffness that was relieved after a period of physiotherapy and one developed wound dehiscence and discharge that improved with debridement and use of antibiotics without plate removal. Six patients had complaints regarding their hardware prominence and were satisfied after its removal. Overall, there was a 79% satisfaction rate upon the treatment."n"nConclusion: Despite the afore-mentioned complications, use of mini-plates seems to be a suitable treatment option for patients with comminuted metacarpal fractures. However, more studies with larger sample sizes are suggested to reach a firm conclusion."n"nKeywords: Fracture, metacarpal, mini-plates, complication.