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This Current Sociology Monograph draws together six articles that broker novel concepts into economic sociology. To orient this enterprise, this article examines the concepts of creativity and novelty in social theory and explains why it is challenging work to broker concepts across intellectual communities. To understand the existing boundaries across which one could broker, it next describes how the subfield of economic sociology has been shaped by the separation of economics and sociology as distinct fields, which ultimately led to a decline of sociologists studying the economy. Two counter-acting organizational forces that sought to institutionalize a subfield of economic sociology was the formation in the mid-1970s of the International Sociological Association's Research Committee on Economy and Society (ISA RC02), and the institutionalization in the mid-1980s of the New Economic Sociology. The latter became a global brand exported from the United States that eclipsed the former. The New Economic Sociology, a community of scholars primarily based in and focused on the United States and typically indifferent (if not skeptical) to neo-Marxist approaches and international political economy, became globally associated with what constitutes economic sociology (and what is not). Consequently, it would be beneficial to broker in concepts to economic sociology beyond the historic limitations of the New Economic Sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Depuis 2017, les prix des matériaux de construction ont connu une série de crises à l’échelle mondiale. Ces crises sont dues à des facteurs tels que la reprise rapide de l’économie mondiale, la hausse des prix de l’énergie et les conflits géopolitiques. En conséquence, les coûts pour les entreprises de construction ont augmenté très significativement. La République Démocratique du Congo offre des opportunités d’investissements et se trouve à la croisée des chemins menant vers la mise en place des grands projets et la réalisation de ces projets nécessite la mobilisation et l’utilisation accrue des matériaux de construction, en général et le ciment, en particulier. En effet, l’utilisation accrue du ciment génère un business dont l’exploitation des carrières de sable, gravier, moellon, amiante ainsi que le transport des matériaux, créent des emplois et fait booster l’économie. A ce titre, le cout de revient du ciment constitue un enjeu majeur dans le développement et la croissance de l’économie congolaise, d’où une bonne analyse et maitrise des déterminants du ciment par les entreprises leur permettra d’être compétitif et faire face à la concurrence. Pour les consommateurs, il ne faudrait pas que le coût de revient du ciment puisse peser sur son vécu quotidien, à l’opposé si le coût est trop bas, cette situation ferait à ce que les entreprises ne réalisent pas de profit et par conséquent elles n’auront pas un avantage concurrentiel. Quand bien même que l’usage du ciment comme matériaux de construction a des avantages cependant, le processus de sa production contribue à l’émission de gaz à effet de Serre. C’est à ce niveau que constitue le défi à relever, et donc les chercheurs devraient se focaliser de sorte que l’industrie du ciment ne soit pas le gros émetteur de CO2 et des impacts environnementaux considérables ; il en va de soi pour la survie de la planète. Cet article vise mettre en relief l’impact des matériaux de construction, en général et du ciment, en particulier, sur l’écologie.

The article discusses the impact of the distribution of oil royalties in Brazil, focusing on the producing municipalities of Rio de Janeiro. Recently, there has been severe criticism in the media and in the National Congress about the use of these resources, arguing that many municipal managers have not managed these funds properly, which goes against the original principles of the royalties legislation. Primarily using data from the Rio de Janeiro State Court of Auditors, we discuss the impact of the influx of large sums of money on the nine municipalities that made up the oil-producing region in the state of Rio de Janeiro at the time and the ways in which these funds were used in the period 1997/2009. Finally, in order to give the reader an idea of the impact of these resources on the local reality in the period in question, we chose the educational performance of the respective education networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La présente étude portant sur l’entrepreneuriat féminin part du constat selon lequel, la pauvreté de la RDC est caractérisée par le revenu mensuel très faible par habitant (moins de 2,15$ par jour) et non indexé ; revenu insuffisant pour faire face aux besoins primaires du foyer (dont le nombre moyen est de 5 membres par ménage dirigé par un homme ou une femme) et tenir les deux bouts du mois. La place qu’occupe la femme dans cette société attire notre attention particulière de par sa contribution dans le renforcement de pouvoir d’achat et l’amélioration du bien-être du foyer. Ce qui suscite une préoccupation de détecter les barrières ou les entraves spécifiques à la promotion et au financement de l’entrepreneuriat féminin, source de la mobilité vers des meilleurs emplois ou transition dans les micros entreprises à valeur ajoutée plus élevée afin de subvenir aux besoins de leurs foyers. Notre démarche méthodologique nous a conduit à l’analyse documentaire et à l’enquête de terrain auprès d’un échantillon de 200 répondantes. Après analyse, nous avons abouti à la conclusion selon laquelle, la majorité des femmes entrepreneures sont pauvres et œuvrent dans le secteur informel, elles sont en besoin de financement pour booster leurs activités, la croissance de ces dernières est très difficile étant donné que la majorité entreprend juste pour subvenir aux besoins familiaux auxquels elles affectent la grande partie du revenu plutôt que dans la croissance de leurs activités.

Sous un regard analytico-comparatif, cette réflexion se préoccupe de la question de la diversification de l’économie de la République Démocratique du Congo. Elle part de la comparaison des indicateurs macroéconomiques du pays, en prenant en compte les tendances africaine et mondiale des exportations et des importations, en vue de ressortir le potentiel que la RD. Congo viserait pour capter des fonds dans les échanges internationaux. L’étude aboutit à la conclusion salon laquelle, la RD. Congo aurait la possibilité de relancer sa croissance grâce à la diversification de sa production et de ses exportations par la mise en place d’une politique permissive des exportations et des importations. Certes, elle informe qu’outre les produits miniers, le pays possède une liste de 25 produits prioritaires non miniers aptes à quintupler les valeurs des exportations, soit 52,2 milliards sur cinq années. Voilà, pourquoi, l’étude plaide pour des politiques économiques cohérentes (son Plan d’industrialisation, la stratégie nationale de promotion des exportations et de diversification de marché (SPED), par exemple), qui doivent soutenir la trilogie: Production-Transformation-Commerce.

L’étude table sur la dialectique Droit et économie. Tout en insistant sur sa dimension utilitaire, selon que toute loi assurerait la prévisibilité de comportement des citoyens dans une république, cette étude souligne que toute nouvelle production législative se présenterait comme l’un des facteurs de la croissance économique et/ou de développement national. Elle rappelle le caractère omniprésent de la norme juridique et/ou de la loi, se voulant une valeur républicaine. Ainsi, sous le regard systémico-contrefactuel, l’analyse finit par une interpellation aux législateurs congolais (d’aujourd’hui et de demain), auteurs des lois. Ceux-ci, dans leur mission de production des lois, doivent, non seulement, faire preuve des valeurs permissives de la croissance qu’ils porteraient, mais, aussi et surtout, mettre à la disposition de la nation congolaise, des lois qui orientent la pratique économique vers le progrès du pays.

While it is clear that solvent extraction (SE) dominates the vegetable oil production sector because of the higher yields it allows, it is more difficult to estimate the difference in added value (AV) between this production method and extraction by mechanical means alone (ME). The aim of this article is to propose an objective method for assessing this differential by addressing the question of assessing the material balances associated with each process and the issue of the value of expeller cakes in different economic contexts, an assessment made necessary by the absence of regular public quotations for these feedstuffs. Material balances are determined by the oil content in the seeds and the oil residues left in SE meals and ME cakes. Based on 100 kg of seeds, oil production was estimated at 43.7 and 44.9 kg using the SE process compared with 39.3 and 38.8 kg using the ME process for rapeseed and sunflower respectively. To assess the value of expeller cakes, we used a basket of feedstuffs with known quotations and nutritional value to determine an equation for price prediction within 35 market conjunctures between June 2008 and May 2024. These predictions were used to establish a linear correlation between hexane meal prices and predicted expellers prices allowing a calculation of the added value in 574 market situations from 2010 to 2024. A linear regression shows that AV of ME is equal to 0.71 AV of SE + 6.8 €/t for rapeseed and 0.63 AV of SE + 2.1 €/t for sunflower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Human Sciences Journal / Revue des Sciences Humaines is the property of Universite des Freres Mentouri Constantine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article deals with how residents of a favela region known as the Complexo da Maré (Maré Complex), in the city of Rio de Janeiro, experienced price increase, particularly in food and energy, during 2021 and 2022, still in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the concept of alignment (and its derivatives, such as misalignment and realignment) to analyse the different ways of navigating an increase in the cost of living through accommodating material changes and future perspectives at different scales: from the ideals of a good life desired by people and families to decisions that need to be taken immediately or in a proximate future. We call alignment work the daily activities through which people and families deal with the instability of income, variation in money flows, the management of frustrations with the restrictions imposed by inflation, and the maintenance of significant ties which are altered or placed at risk by the crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economica: Revistă Ştiinţifico-Didactică is the property of Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova (AESM) / Academia de Studii Economice din Moldova (AESM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Academia & Derecho is the property of Universidad Libre - Seccional Cucuta and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economica: Revistă Ştiinţifico-Didactică is the property of Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova (AESM) / Academia de Studii Economice din Moldova (AESM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines one of the most prominent and powerful credit rating agencies in North America, the Mercantile Agency and its Montréal-based counterpart, Dun, Wiman & Co. The paper considers the context surrounding the first North American credit rating agencies, their managers' profiles, the specific characteristics of the Montréal offices and, finally, the two primary methods of information transmission offered by the agency: the reference book and the credit report. I argue that issuing the reference book resulted in increasing access to credit for companies with high capitalization rates from creditors who possessed a subscription. Meanwhile, credit reports allow for greater flexibility in interpretation than a credit score. They thus offer additional leeway to debtor merchants who have little capitalization precisely because the creditor can interpret in various ways the content of the written evaluation. Foremost, the article provides an introduction to credit rating agencies as well as a general overview of the Montréal branch of the Mercantile Agency. Finally, the purpose of this research is to contribute to historiography by presenting an institution of credit regulation that has yet to receive much attention from the field of Canadian history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article présente les résultats de la discussion sur le thème « Crises en forêt : impacts économiques et viabilité des solutions d’adaptation » menée lors des ateliers ReGeFor 2020. Messages clés Lors de sondages, la crise en forêt la plus souvent citée est celle liée à la sécheresse. Ces crises ont des répercussions directes sur la fourniture en bois et le contexte socioprofessionnel de la filière. Un meilleur dialogue entre tous les acteurs est indispensable pour mieux gérer les crises.

L’article étudie les modes de consommation vestimentaire des Florentins à la fin du XIIIe siècle à travers un corpus de comptabilités domestiques, déjà publiées, mais jamais étudiées du point de vue de l’habillement. Il met en évidence la prépondérance de certains types de vêtements (gonelle, garnache, etc.) et le faible degré de différenciation des habillements masculins et féminins ou des habillements de la ville et du contado (etc.), avant de montrer que les critères de distinction et de hiérarchie ne se percevaient pas au niveau du vêtement mais au niveau de l’étoffe. Aussi, il remarque la grande diffusion des draps de laine originaires du Royaume de France (Flandre, Artois, Normandie et Île-de-France) et, dans le même temps, la faible présence des draps florentins et italiens dans la garde-robe de la bourgeoisie d’affaires, puis s’interroge sur le marché des draps de laine à Florence autour de 1300. Enfin, la dernière partie de l’article connecte les résultats obtenus à partir du corpus étudié avec une série de thèmes connexes, comme l’histoire de la consommation, l’histoire des lois somptuaires, l’histoire sociale et politique de Florence et l’histoire du genre.

Rural development in Alberta is a long‐standing challenge, with local communities and economies often stuck between economic cycles, fiscal largesse from the Provincial Government, and a historical pattern of conservative leadership that seeks to leave the private sector unimpeded. As a result, many rural communities now face significant economic, social, political, and ecological challenges that, while not unique to Alberta, are marked by only modest innovation and a tendency to return to previous developmental initiatives. This paper is focused upon identifying the common challenges facing municipal government in the province, but also accounting for the inertial dynamics within municipal politics. Drawing from qualitative data collected from rural municipalities, it seeks to situate contemporary adaptive economic strategies and initiatives within the dominant public ideology of the province. This paper argues that while reform initiatives undertaken in the province broadly align with pragmatic municipalism as a necessary response to decades of neoliberal austerity and inertia, that pragmatism is tempered by a provincial rationality that limits, rather than enhances, the likelihood of meaningful change. This rationality, and its effects, are explained through four fallacies: home rule, agency, the Golden Age, and homogeneity. Key Messages: Albertan municipalities are innovative and pragmatic, and not solely embedded in reducing costs due to budgetary constraints.Provincial governments have a long history of limiting institutional, jurisdictional, or legislative changes that could facilitate municipal sustainability.Choices for municipalities are structured by an institutional inertia that rhetorically emphasizes the autonomy, individualism, responsibility, and accountability of rural municipalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adab Al-Kufa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Lengas is the property of Presses Universitaires de la Mediterranee and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of XVIIe Siècle is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of XVIIe Siècle is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: One critical component of any rural community is its healthcare system. Rural healthcare systems are essential as rural communities have worse health outcomes when compared to urban areas. Rural healthcare systems might also have a positive impact on rural economies. In some rural areas, these health services are threatened with a reduction or closure. This rapid review was carried out to examine the impact of rural healthcare systems' declines on rural economies. Methods: We conducted a rapid review of peer-reviewed and grey literature sources on studies that examined the economic impact of rural healthcare on rural economies in Canada, Australia, Scandinavia and the United States of America (USA). We used a data extraction template adapted from the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Results: We found 17 research papers between two databases and nine websites. Articles examined various health professions (dentist, physician assistant and pharmacist), the inclusion of family physicians, a physician with an increased scope of practice (obstetrics and surgery), the impact of a rural primary care hospital, telemedicine, a distributed medical education programme and the health care sector. Conclusion: Rural healthcare seems to have a positive impact on jobs and labour-based wages in rural communities. There is a considerable need for research outside the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the author interrogates how Filipino transnational families in Japan circulate love and care through material exchanges and economic transactions. Specifically, the author explains how and why the Filipino traditions of gift-giving and the sending of balikbayan boxes are closely linked to the creation, embodiment and maintenance of familial ties and belonging, despite geographical dispersion. Also, the article shows how the parenting of children is not a dichotomous process between parents and children, but rather, is a wider process of care circulation undertaken by the entire family unit. The rich narratives presented are drawn from a larger multi-sited ethnographic study that was conducted in Japan and the Philippines with migrants and their family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Innovar: Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)