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Dodi Suardi, Wiryawan Permadi, Tono Djuwantono, Yudi Mulyana Hidayat, Hartanto Bayuaji, Gusti Putu Edo Gautama Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Gusti Putu Edo GautamaFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Jl. Pasteur No. 38, Bandung, 40161 Jawa Barat, IndonesiaTel +6222 203 2530Fax +6222 203 9086Email edogautama@yahoo.comBackground: The correlation between endometrioma and serum Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) level is a benchmark in determining the prognosis and management of endometrioma. Endometrioma causes a decrease in ovarian reserve due to tissue damage that affects the formation of serum AMH. Serum AMH levels in daily practice are useful as a tool to determine ovarian reserve, markers for diagnosis and prognosis in infertility and reproductive abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of serum AMH level in women with endometrioma and their correlation to ovarian volume.Methods: This research was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design in women of reproductive age who were diagnosed with endometrioma within the period of August 2019–March 2020 at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Forty-four women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were then divided into endometrioma (n=22) and control (n=22) groups. In both groups, transvaginal ultrasound examination was performed to measure the volume of the ovary, then a laboratory examination of serum AMH level was carried out.Results: Serum AMH levels in the endometrioma group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P< 0.001). Serum AMH level did not differ significantly based on laterality of the observation group (P=1.000). There was a negative correlation between serum AMH level and the volume of ovarian endometrioma, although not statistically significant (r=− 0.332; P=0.066).Conclusion: There was a correlation between serum AMH level and endometrioma. Serum AMH levels were significantly lower in the endometrioma group but were not influenced by their laterality. We found a negative correlation between serum AMH level and ovarian volume containing endometrioma, but not statistically significant.Keywords: anti-Mullerian hormone, AMH, endometrioma, ovarian volume