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ABSTRACT Objective: describe the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Mayo High Performance Team Scale into Brazilian Portuguese. Method: descriptive study of validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the scale, carried out virtually, following assumptions proposed by Beaton and collaborators. It had a sample of 40 experts, and carried out two rounds, one for validation and one for final assessment. Results: after following all translation steps, the scale was presented to the committee of experts who reached a consensus (IVC between 0.9 and 1.0) that there was no discrepancy, after evaluating the semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalences between the original scale and the translated version. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the MHPTS was adequately translated and validated, revealing excellent potential for use in clinical simulation contexts for multidisciplinary scenarios.

In the last few years, location-aware services and network management have driven the demand for user location estimation in mobile networks. Nevertheless, the location obtained from user terminals is not usually accessible to mobile operators. In addition, available cell Key Performance Indicators (KPI) vary highly from network to network, and only a few of them are always enabled widely. Currently prevalent Machine Learning (ML) based solutions have achieved high precision, but they are bound to a trained scenario, restricting their application to new areas. We propose a method for creating scenario-agnostic prediction models which solves these problems through applying feature engineering, over a small set of easily obtainable KPIs, applicable for any ML method. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is demonstrated using real network datasets.

Antecedentes: El dengue es una arbovirosis de alta prevalencia, con gran impacto epidemiológico, social y económico a nivel mundial. En Cali, esta enfermedad presenta un comportamiento asincrónico. El Corregimiento La Buitrera, área rural de Cali, notifica regularmente casos de dengue, sin embargo, durante 2022 un incremento inusual de casos que conllevó a la Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Cali a realizar acciones articuladas para contener el brote. Objetivo: Describir las acciones de manejo integral que permitieron contener un brote de dengue en el contexto de pandemia COVID-19. Métodos: Se realizó revisión activa de la notificación de casos de dengue, dengue grave y muerte por dengue en SIVIGILA. Se evaluó y acompañó la gestión realizada en cinco instituciones donde fueron atendidos usuarios del Corregimiento y se ejecutaron actividades de manejo integrado del vector. Resultados: Se detectaron 16 casos de dengue en el Corregimiento La Buitrera. El porcentaje de casos de dengue notificados para 2022 (2.58%) superó los porcentajes de años epidémicos (2016 y 2020) en Santiago de Cali. 47.75% de los casos correspondieron a DENV-2. 15.9% de las viviendas y 25% de las concentraciones humanas inspeccionadas tuvieron al menos un criadero de Aedes. aegypti. La principal dificultad en las IPS evaluadas fue la adherencia a las guías y protocolos de manejo en enfermedades trasmitidas por vectores. Conclusión: Las acciones articuladas y oportunas de la Secretaría de Salud Pública Distrital influyeron notablemente en la contención del brote, lo cual puede servir de modelo frente a futuras situaciones epidemiológicas.

Abstract Background Lignin is an attractive alternative for producing biobased chemicals. It is the second major component of the plant cell wall and is an abundant natural source of aromatic compounds. Lignin degradation using microbial oxidative enzymes that depolymerize lignin and catabolize aromatic compounds into central metabolic intermediates is a promising strategy for lignin valorization. However, the intrinsic heterogeneity and recalcitrance of lignin severely hinder its biocatalytic conversion. In this context, examining microbial degradation systems can provide a fundamental understanding of the pathways and enzymes that are useful for lignin conversion into biotechnologically relevant compounds. Results Lignin-degrading catabolism of a novel Rhodosporidium fluviale strain LM-2 was characterized using multi-omic strategies. This strain was previously isolated from a ligninolytic microbial consortium and presents a set of enzymes related to lignin depolymerization and aromatic compound catabolism. Furthermore, two catabolic routes for producing 4-vinyl guaiacol and vanillin were identified in R. fluviale LM-2. Conclusions The multi-omic analysis of R. fluviale LM-2, the first for this species, elucidated a repertoire of genes, transcripts, and secreted proteins involved in lignin degradation. This study expands the understanding of ligninolytic metabolism in a non-conventional yeast, which has the potential for future genetic manipulation. Moreover, this work unveiled critical pathways and enzymes that can be exported to other systems, including model organisms, for lignin valorization.

Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) orchestrates a suppressive tumor microenvironment that fosters immunotherapy resistance. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the principal immune cell infiltrating PDA and are heterogeneous. Here, by employing macrophage fate-mapping approaches and single-cell RNA sequencing, we show that monocytes give rise to most macrophage subsets in PDA. Tumor-specific CD4, but not CD8, T cells promote monocyte differentiation into MHCIIhi anti-tumor macrophages. By conditional major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II deletion on monocyte-derived macrophages, we show that tumor antigen presentation is required for instructing monocyte differentiation into anti-tumor macrophages, promoting Th1 cells, abrogating Treg cells, and mitigating CD8 T cell exhaustion. Non-redundant IFNγ and CD40 promote MHCIIhi anti-tumor macrophages. Intratumoral monocytes adopt a pro-tumor fate indistinguishable from that of tissue-resident macrophages following loss of macrophage MHC class II or tumor-specific CD4 T cells. Thus, tumor antigen presentation by macrophages to CD4 T cells dictates TAM fate and is a major determinant of macrophage heterogeneity in cancer.

Introducción: La prevalencia the urolitiasis es del 7-10% sin embargo a presentado un incremento del numero de casos en los ultimos años. La nefrectomia simple laparoscopica esta indicada en pacientes con exclusión renal asociado a cuadros repetitivos de infecciones en el tracto urinario y o dolor cronico a nivel fosa renal. Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de nefrectomia simple laparoscopica en pacientes con exclusion renal secundario litiasis en un hospital del sur de México, y que factores pueden predisponer la conversión a cirugia abierta. Materials y metodos: Estudio restrospectivo que incluyo pacientes con exclusion renal secundario a urolitiasis durante el periodo comprendido entre 2016 y 2019. Resultados: Se realizaron 40 nefrectomias simples laparoscopica durante el periodo comprendido 2016 y 2019 en paciente con exclusion renal asociada a litiasis. La media edad 47 ± 10.8 años, el 82.5% de los pacientes fueron del sexo femenino. La media de Indice de masa corporal fue de 30.2 ± 5 kg/m2, La tasa de conversion fue del 12.5% (n = 5), los factores que se asociaron a conversion a cirugia abierta fueron anormalidades dependientes del hilio vascular renal (p = 0.001)., adherencias dependientes del hilio renal (p = 0.001). e hidronefrosis (p = 0.001). Conclusión: La nefrectomia simple laparocopica es un procedimiento seguro en pacienres con exclusion renal secundaria a urolitiasis. Hidronefrosis, anormalidades dependientes del hilio vascular renal y adherencias que involucren el hilio renal son factores que pueden predisponer conversion a cirugia abierta.

Los constantes cambios en el comportamiento social, que van desde la tendencia de las parejas a no contraer matrimonio, hasta la conducta errática de la personalidad humana, vemos que es cada vez menos posible que las personas opten por la adopción como método para tener hijos; y si a eso se le suma que nuestra legislación es un larga, por no decir difícil tramitología en su sistema para que una pareja alcance la adopción de una persona, menor o no, pues más difícil aún se hace el proceso para este fin. Desde luego que este arduo camino tiene un motivo justificado. El Estado en su afán de procurar en todo momento la conformación de la familia y crear un vínculo originado en el matrimonio, vela por los intereses de todos los miembros, y en el caso particular de la adopción, antepone el bien del menor ante las necesidades de los demás, en este caso, los adoptantes.

Introduction: Shewanella spp. are Gram-negative, motile bacilli, whose most important phenotypic characteristic is the production of hydrogen sulphide. The clinically relevant pathogens to humans are S. algae and S. putrefaciens. There have been a variety of clinical cases published including bacteremia, skin, soft tissue infections, pneumonia, external drainage systems and brain abscesses. Catheter-related ventriculitis is associated with significant morbidity, especially with gram-negative organisms. Ventriculitis by S. putrefaciens is extremely rare, with only one case reported in medical literature. Furthermore, hospital acquired S. putrefaciens infections are extraordinary. Case report: A 45- year-old female presented with 36 hours of worsening headaches. During her initial assessment hydrocephalous diagnosis was met and removal and replacement of a new left precoronal ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed though the same burr hole. Unfortunately, dysfunction of the newly placed shunt and newly evidenced fever. Removal of the previous ventriculoperitoneal shunt and placement of an external ventricular drain (EVD) was done. Consecutively newly drawn cerebrospinal fluid sent to cultivate developed positive cultures to Shewanella putrefaciens. Due to its high resistance to most antibiotics, colistin was used until complete eradication of infection was achieved. Observations: We found that having an external ventricular drainage system augments the possibility of acquiring an infection by Shewanella putrefaciens. Although the patient sustained a highly resistant bacterium, the patient's ventriculitis was resolved. Additionally, the reason why our patient sustained an infection to this water-borne bacterium is still unclear. No history of immunosuppressive state or chronic illness was detected in our patient. Here we describe an extremely rare hospital-acquired ventricular infection caused by S. putrefaciens in a Mexican woman with an external ventricular drain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported in medical literature in the Western Hemisphere.

In recent decades, the appearance of a group of strains resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics, called extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), has greatly impacted the public health sector. The present work aimed to identify the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains in retail meat from northeast Tamaulipas. A total of 228 meat samples were obtained from 76 different stores. A prevalence of E. coli ESBL of 6.5% (15/228) was detected. All (15/15) of the ESBL strains were multiresistant. Altogether, 40% (6/15) of the strains showed the presence of class 1 integrons. The isolates identified with blaCTX-M (20%) also showed co-resistance with the tet (A and B), str (A and B), and sul (2 and 3) genes. A total of 20% of the strains belonged to the B2 and D phylogroups, which are considered pathogenic groups. None of the ESBL-positive strains contained any of the virulence gene factors tested. The presence of ESBL-producing E. coli strains in meat indicates a potential risk to the consumer. Although most of these strains were classified as commensals, they were found to serve as reservoirs of multiresistance to antimicrobials and, therefore, are potential routes of dispersion of this resistance to other bacteria.

ABSTRACT Biology education research (BER) is a recently emerging field mainly focused on the learning and teaching of biology in postsecondary education. As BER continues to grow, exploring what goals, questions, and scholarship the field encompasses will provide an opportunity for the community to reflect on what new lines of inquiry could be pursued in the future. There have been top-down approaches at characterizing BER, such as aims and scope provided by professional societies or peer-reviewed journals, and literature analyses with evidence for current and historical research trends. However, there have not been previous attempts with a bottom-up approach at characterizing BER by directly surveying practitioners and scholars in the field. Here, we share survey results that asked participants at the Society for the Advancement of Biology Education Research (SABER) annual meeting what they perceive as current scholarship in BER as well as what areas of inquiry in the field that they would like to see pursued in the future. These survey responses provide us with information directly from BER practitioners and scholars, and we invite colleagues to reflect on how we can collectively and collaboratively continue to promote BER as a field.

Selective breeding: The genetic basis of better strawberries Investigations have yielded early insights into the genetic basis of strawberry taste and nutrition. Such information informs efforts to selectively breed the fruit to maximize these qualities. A team of researchers from Spain and Germany, led by the University of Malaga’s Sonia Osorio and the IFAPA´s Iraida Amaya, found 133 locations within strawberry DNA that correlated to variation in metabolic pathways and desirable traits including acidity, sugar content, and the concentration of l-ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Only a small number of associations persisted over the 2 years of investigations, suggesting that environmental factors also wield a significant influence over the strawberry fruit’s molecular makeup. The team then used their data to identify a series of candidate genes that may be functionally linked to strawberry qualities; however, further research is needed to validate those connections.

Millions of plastic surgeries are performed worldwide every year with the objective of correcting lipodystrophies stemming from lesions, tumor resections, birth defects, and AIDS-associated antiretroviral therapy. Besides that, a large number of clinical research have assessed the outcome of procedures that rely on combinations of dermal fillers and autologous cells. However, little is known about the safety of these combinations and the localization of the injected cells. The aim of this study was to test the toxicity of a solution containing 1% hyaluronic acid (HA) and adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) from the human adipose tissue and to assess the localization of the injected cells, with and without HA, labeled with technetium-99m. Rats received subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injections of a solution containing 1% HA/adipose-derived stromal cells isolated from the human fat tissue. The animals were then observed for up to forty-two days. The solution tested in this study did not result in systemic, biochemical, or anatomic alterations that could represent toxicity symptoms. The association of HA and ASCs labeled with technetium-99m remained at the site of the injection within a period of twenty-four hours, as demonstrated by a whole-body imaging software fusion of SPECT and CT. In conclusion, our study shows that the subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection of HA associated with adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) is safe. The association of HA and ASCs did not induce local or systemic toxicity. Thus, the administration of volume equal to or less than 0.2 mL of the agent filler (1×106 ASC+HA 1%) should be considered for subsequent studies and may be an alternative to dermal fillers due to the expected lasting effects.

The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (TIS) was recently developed. Given its novelty, most studies looking into the risk of malignancy (ROM) of serous effusion diagnostic categories were published before the development of TIS. We searched the database of our department for pleural effusions diagnosed in the last five years, excluding those without a corresponding pleural biopsy. Cases were reviewed and reclassified according to the TIS. A cytohistological correlation was performed. In total, 350 pleural effusion specimens with one or more corresponding pleural biopsies were included. After reclassification, 5 (1.43%) were nondiagnostic (ND), 253 (72.29%) were negative for malignancy (NFM), 7 (2.00%) had atypia of unknown significance (AUS), 14 (4.00%) were suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and 71 (20.57%) were malignant (MAL). Calculated ROM was 40% for ND, 20.16% for NFM, 42.86% for AUS, 78.57% for SFM, and 100% for MAL. Effusion cytology sensitivity and specificity were 60.29% and 98.56%, respectively. This is the first publication looking into the cytohistological correlation of a retrospective cohort of pleural effusions based on the TIS. We add to the body of data regarding the ROM for TIS categories, highlighting areas of potential future research.

There are physical phenomena, involving diffusion and structural vibrations, modeled by partial differential equations (PDEs) whose solution reflects their spatial distribution. Systems whose dynamics evolve on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, i.e., infinite-dimensional systems, are modeled by PDEs. The aim when designing a controller for infinite-dimensional systems is similar to that for finite-dimensional systems, i.e., the control system must be stable. Another common goal is to design the controller in such a way that the response of the system does not be affected by external disturbances. The controller design for finite-dimensional systems is not an easy task, so, the controller design for infinite-dimensional systems is even more challenging. The backstepping control approach is a dominant methodology for boundary feedback design. In this work, we try with the backstepping design for the boundary control of a reaction-advection-diffusion (R-A-D) equation, namely, a type parabolic PDE, but with constant coefficients and Neumann boundary conditions, with actuation in one of these latter. The heat equation with Neumann boundary conditions is considered as the target system. Dynamics of the open- and closed-loop solution of the PDE system are validated via numerical simulation. The MATLAB®-based numerical algorithm related with the implementation of the control scheme is here included.

Background: A good functionality is appointed by the elderly as one of the most important factors for a good quality of life, since it is associated with independency and autonomy. Studies show that elderly with food insecurity have greater limitations in daily living activities (DLA) when compared to food security elderly. Moreover, food insecure elderly are 60% more likely to be diagnosed with depression. We aimed to investigate the potential determinants of functional status (HAQ) and quality of life (EQ-5D-3L) in a sample of elderly with food insecurity.Methods: Forty-one participants with food insecurity were evaluated by a multidisciplinary team, in April and May of 2016 (a baseline cross-sectional study prior to the intervention program).Results: This study demonstrates correlations of functional status and quality of life to such aspects of elderly assessment as age, BMI, manual strength, among others. It was found that manual strength, gender, family income, anxiety, and depression were correlated to quality of life; and that mobility, manual strength, anxiety and gender were correlated to the functional status. After multivariable adjustment, only mobility (β = −0.220; p ≤ 0.01) and quality of life (β = −1.457; p ≤ 0.01) remained significantly associated with higher levels of functional disability. With regard to quality of life, only the functional status (β = −0.242; p ≤ 0.01), the presence of depression (β = −0.169; p ≤ 0.05), and family income (β = 0.185; p ≤ 0.05) remained significantly associated with health-related quality of life.Conclusions: The study aims to verify the potential determinants of functional status (HAQ) and quality of life (EQ-5D-3L) in a sample of elderly with food insecurity. Even in a small cohort, the study demonstrated that in an elderly population with food insecurity, functional status is associated with mobility and quality of life, and that health-related quality of life is also associated with symptoms of depression and family income. Larger studies in other populations may be useful to confirm these observations.

Human Neks are a conserved protein kinase family related to cell cycle progression and cell division and are considered potential drug targets for the treatment of cancer and other pathologies. We screened the activation loop mutant kinases hNek1 and hNek2, wild-type hNek7, and five hNek6 variants in different activation/phosphorylation statesand compared them against 85 compounds using thermal shift denaturation. We identified three compounds with significant Tm shifts: JNK Inhibitor II for hNek1(Δ262-1258)-(T162A), Isogranulatimide for hNek6(S206A), andGSK-3 Inhibitor XIII for hNek7wt. Each one of these compounds was also validated by reducing the kinases activity by at least 25%. The binding sites for these compounds were identified by in silico docking at the ATP-binding site of the respective hNeks. Potential inhibitors were first screened by thermal shift assays, had their efficiency tested by a kinase assay, and were finally analyzed by molecular docking. Our findings corroborate the idea of ATP-competitive inhibition for hNek1 and hNek6 and suggest a novel non-competitive inhibition for hNek7 in regard to GSK-3 Inhibitor XIII. Our results demonstrate that our approach is useful for finding promising general and specific hNekscandidate inhibitors, which may also function as scaffolds to design more potent and selective inhibitors.

Intramedullary hemorrhagic necrosis occurs early after spinal cord injury at the site of injury and adjacent segments. It is considered harmful because of its potential to aggravate secondary injury, and to interfere with axonal regeneration; it might also lead to an unfavorable environment for intralesional implants. Removal of hemorrhagic necrosis has been attempted before with variable results. The invasive nature of these procedures carries the risk of exacerbating damage to the injured cord. The overall objective for this study was to test several strategies for non-damaging removal of hemorrhagic necrosis and characterize the resulting cavity looking for a space for future intralesional therapeutic implants in rats with acute cord injury. Rats were subjected to graded cord contusion, and hemorrhagic necrosis was removed after 24h. Three grades of myelotomy (extensive, medium sized, and small) were tested. Using the small surgical approach to debridement, early and late effects of the intervention were determined by histology and by analytical and behavioral analysis. Appearance and capacity of the resulting cavity were characterized. Satisfactory removal of hemorrhagic necrosis was achieved with all three surgical approaches to debridement. However, bleeding in spared cord tissue was excessive after medium sized and extensive myelotomies but similar to control injured rats after small cord surgery. Small surgical approach to debridement produced no swelling nor acute inflammation changes, nor did it affect long-term spontaneous locomotor recovery, but resulted in modest improvement of myelination in rats subjected to both moderate and severe injuries. Cavity created after intervention was filled with 10 to 15 μL of hydrogel. In conclusion, by small surgical approach to debridement, removal of hemorrhagic necrosis was achieved after acute cord contusion thereby creating intramedullary spaces without further damaging the injured spinal cord. Resulting cavities appear suitable for future intralesional placement of pro-reparative cells or other regenerative biomaterials in a clinically relevant model of spinal cord injury.

Mononuclear stem cells have been studied for their potential in myocardial ischemia. In our previous published article, ReACT ® phase I/II clinical trial, our results suggest that a certain cell population, promonocytes, directly correlated with the perceived angiogenesis in refractory angina patients. This study is ReACT's clinical update, assessing long-term sustained efficacy. The ReACT phase IIA/B noncontrolled, open-label, clinical trial enrolled 14 patients with refractory angina and viable ischemic myocardium, without ventricular dysfunction, who were not suitable for myocardial revascularization. The procedure consisted of direct myocardial injection of a specific mononuclear cell formulation, with a certain percentage of promonocytes, in a single series of multiple injections (24—90; 0.2 ml each) into specific areas of the left ventricle. Primary endpoints were Canadian Cardiovascular Society Angina Classification (CCSAC) improvement at the 12-month follow-up and ischemic area reduction (scintigraphic analysis) at the 12-month follow-up, in correlation with ReACT's formulation. A recovery index (for patients with more than 1 year follow-up) was created to evaluate CCSAC over time, until April 2011. Almost all patients presented progressive improvement in CCSAC beginning 3 months ( p = 0.002) postprocedure, which was sustained at the 12-month follow-up ( p = 0.002), as well as objective myocardium ischemic area reduction at 6 months (decrease of 15%, p < 0.024) and 12 months (decrease of 100%, p < 0.004) The recovery index ( n = 10) showed that the patients were graded less than CCSAC 4 for 73.9 ± 24.2% over a median follow-up time of 46.8 months. After characterization, ReACT's promonocyte concentration suggested a positive correlation with CCSAC improvement ( r = −0.575, p = 0.082). Quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire) improved significantly in almost all domains. Cost-effectiveness analysis showed decrease in angina-related direct costs. Refractory angina patients presented a sustained long-term improvement in CCSAC and myocardium ischemic areas after the procedure. The long-term follow-up and strong improvement in quality of life reinforce effectiveness. Promonocytes may play a key role in myocardial neoangiogenesis. ReACT dramatically decreased direct costs.

El Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA), a través de la Unidad de Recursos Fitogenéticos, inició en 1998 un diagnóstico geográfico de especies de anonáceas, con el objetivo de explorar, recolectar, caracterizar y establecer colecciones de campo en las Estaciones Experimentales. Las características evaluadas para frutos fueron: peso, largo y diámetro, número de semillas, textura de cáscara y pulpa; forma de fruto y cárpelos, daño por plagas y enfermedades y un análisis bromatológico. Como resultado de este trabajo se estableció la colección de anonáceas con las siguientes especies: squamosa, cherimola, reticulata, muricata, purpurea, diversifolia, holosericea y glabra. En la caracterización morfológica preliminar Annona muricata obtuvo un promedio de 175 semillas/fruto y 1,319 g en peso del fruto. A. cherimola con pulpa muy arenosa y carpelos no prominentes. A. squamosa con pulpa dulce, blanca y cárpelos muy prominentes. De la caracterización bromatológica se determinó que Annona muricata dio contenidos de humedad superiores a 82,8%; fibra cruda de 1,84% y fósforo con 367 ppm. En Annona diversifolia con menor grasa 0,01%. La mayor incidencia por plagas en frutos y semillas fue causado por el perforador Bephrateloides sp. La antracnosis (Colletotrichum sp.) en frutos y follaje fue la enfermedad más observada

El estudio tuvo como objetivo recolectar, caracterizar y establecer colecciones de frutales de: Pouteria sapota (zapote), Manilkara zapota (níspero), Psidium sp. (guayaba), Spondia sp. (jocote), Mammea americana (mamey). Se realizaron giras de exploración y recolección a las diferentes zonas del país, con mayor potencial para el cultivo de los frutales. Las características evaluadas fueron: peso, longitud, diámetro, porcentaje de germinación, número de semillas, sabor y color de pulpa, forma del fruto, color de cáscara, presencia de plagas y enfermedades, y análisis bromatológico. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva para mínimo, máximo y media. Se distribuyeron árboles frutales para el establecimiento de las colecciones en los Centros de Innovación Tecnológica San Andrés, Izalco y Morazán. El zapote Magaña presentó frutos de mayor peso, longitud y diámetro, textura de pulpa bastante fibrosa. El Zapote Valiente presentó frutos con mayor contenido proteína y grasa de 2,65% y 0,77%. El Zapote Rivera presentó frutos con mayor contenido de carbohidratos, 32,15%. La Guayaba Miami roja, presentó mayor fibra cruda 3,72%. En jocote, las principales plagas y enfermedades fueron trips, mosca de la fruta y antracnosis. Se estableció una colección de jocote del tipo azucarón, verano, pitarrillo, chapín, invierno, iguana y tronador; el Centro Innovación Tecnológica de San Andrés, La Libertad

El Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA), a través de la Unidad de Recursos Fitogenéticos, inició en 1998 un diagnóstico geográfico de especies de anonáceas, con el objetivo de explorar, recolectar, caracterizar y establecer colecciones de campo en las Estaciones Experimentales. Las características evaluadas para frutos fueron: peso, largo y diámetro, número de semillas, textura de cáscara y pulpa; forma de fruto y cárpelos, daño por plagas y enfermedades y un análisis bromatológico. Como resultado de este trabajo se estableció la colección de anonáceas con las siguientes especies: squamosa, cherimola, reticulata, muricata, purpurea, diversifolia, holosericea y glabra. En la caracterización morfológica preliminar Annona muricata obtuvo un promedio de 175 semillas/fruto y 1,319 g en peso del fruto. A. cherimola con pulpa muy arenosa y carpelos no prominentes. A. squamosa con pulpa dulce, blanca y cárpelos muy prominentes. De la caracterización bromatológica se determinó que Annona muricata dio contenidos de humedad superiores a 82,8%; fibra cruda de 1,84% y fósforo con 367 ppm. En Annona diversifolia con menor grasa 0,01%. La mayor incidencia por plagas en frutos y semillas fue causado por el perforador Bephrateloides sp. La antracnosis (Colletotrichum sp.) en frutos y follaje fue la enfermedad más observada.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo recolectar, caracterizar y establecer colecciones de frutales de: Pouteria sapota (zapote), Manilkara zapota (níspero), Psidium sp. (guayaba), Spondia sp. (jocote), Mammea americana (mamey). Se realizaron giras de exploración y recolección a las diferentes zonas del país, con mayor potencial para el cultivo de los frutales. Las características evaluadas fueron: peso, longitud, diámetro, porcentaje de germinación, número de semillas, sabor y color depulpa, forma del fruto, color de cáscara, presencia de plagas y enfermedades, y análisis bromatológico. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva para mínimo, máximo y media. Se distribuyeron árboles frutales para el establecimiento de las colecciones en los Centros de Innovación Tecnológica San Andrés, Izalco y Morazán. El zapote Magaña presentó frutos de mayor peso, longitud y diámetro, textura de pulpa bastante fibrosa. El Zapote Valiente presentó frutos con mayor contenido proteína y grasa de 2,65% y 0,77%. El Zapote Rivera presentó frutos con mayor contenido de carbohidratos, 32,15%. La Guayaba Miami roja, presentó mayor fibra cruda 3,72%. En jocote, las principales plagas y enfermedades fueron trips, mosca de la fruta y antracnosis. Se estableció una colección de jocote del tipo azucarón, verano, pitarrillo, chapín, invierno, iguana y tronador; el Centro Innovación Tecnológica de San Andrés, La Libertad.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of imputation in a Gyr population using two medium-density panels (Bos taurus - Bos indicus) and to test whether the inclusion of the Nellore breed increases the imputation accuracy in the Gyr population. The database consisted of 289 Gyr females from Brazil geno-typed with the GGP Bovine LDv4 chip containing 30 000 SNPs and 158 Gyr females from Colombia genotyped with the GGP indicus chip containing 35 000 SNPs. A customized chip was created that contained the information of 9109 SNPs (9K) to test the imputation accuracy in Gyr populations; 604 Nellore animals with information of LD SNPs tested in the scenarios were included in the reference population. Four scenarios were tested: LD9K_30KGIR, LD9K_35INDGIR, LD9K_30KGIR_NEL, and LD9K_35INDGIR_NEL. Principal component analysis (PCA) was computed for the genomic matrix and sample-specific imputation accuracies were calculated using Pearson's correlation (CS) and the concordance rate (CR) for imputed genotypes. The results of PCA of the Colombian and Brazilian Gyr populations demonstrated the genomic relationship between the two populations. The CS and CR ranged from 0.88 to 0.94 and from 0.93 to 0.96, respectively. Among the scenarios tested, the highest CS (0.94) was observed for the LD9K_30KGIR scenario. The present results highlight the importance of the choice of chip for imputation in the Gyr breed. However, the variation in SNPs may reduce the imputation accuracy even when the chip of the Bos indicus subspecies is used. Key words: imputation accuracy, genomic analysis, tropical breeds. Le but de cette etude etait d'evaluer la justesse de l'imputation au sein d'unepopulation debovins de race Gir a partir de deux puces de genotypage de densite moyenne (Bos taurus--Bos indicus) et de determiner si l'inclusion de la race Nellore accroissait la precision de l'imputation chez la population de Girs. La base de donnees comprenait 289 femelles du Bresil genotypees avec la puce GGP Bovine LDv4, laquelle compte 30 000 SNP, et 158 femelles de Colombie genotypees avec la puce GGP indicus, laquelle compte 35 000 SNP. Une puce sur mesure totalisant 9109 SNP (9K) a ete produite pour mesurer la justesse de l'imputation chez les populations de Girs. De plus, 604 bovins de race Nellore fournissant de l'information sur le LD des SNP testes ont ete inclus dans la population de reference. Quatre scenarios ont ete testes : LD9K_30KGIR, LD9K_35INDGIR, LD9K_30KGIR_NEL et LD9K_35INDGIR_NEL. Une analyse en composantes principales (PCA) a ete realisee a l'aide de la matrice genomique, la justesse de l'imputation pour chaque echantillon a ete calculee a l'aide d'une correlation de Pearson (CS) et le taux de concordance (CR) a ete calcule pour les genotypes imputes. Les resultats de l'analyse PCA chez les populations colombiennes et bresiliennes ont demontre la relation genomique entre les deux populations. Les valeurs de CS et de CR variaient respectivement entre 0,88 et 0,94, ainsi qu'entre 0,93 et 0,96. Parmi les scenarios testes, la plus forte valeur de CS (0,94) a ete obtenue dans le scenario LD9K_30KGIR. Les resultats obtenus montrent l'importance du choix de la puce en vue de l'imputation chez les bovins de race Gir. Cependant, la variation dans les SNP peut reduire la justesse de l'imputation meme lorsque la puce de la sous-especes Bos indicus est employee. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : justesse de l'imputation, analyse genomique, races tropicales., Introduction Zebu breeds (Bos indicus) are widely used in tropical and subtropical countries such as Brazil and Colombia for meat and milk production. Gyr cattle are a Zebu breed used [...]

Patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) who are refractory to drug treatment may present progressive loss of kidney function, leading to chronic kidney disease stage 5 under dialysis treatment. The safety of systemic administration of bone marrow‐derived mononuclear cells (BMDMCs) has been shown in different preclinical models of kidney diseases. However, to date, no study has evaluated the safety and biodistribution of BMDMCs after infusion in renal arteries in patients with FSGS. We used a prospective, non‐randomized, single‐center longitudinal design to investigate this approach. Five patients with refractory FSGS and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 20 and 40 ml/min/1.73 m2 underwent bone marrow aspiration and received an arterial infusion of autologous BMDMCs (5 × 107) for each kidney. In addition, BMDMCs labeled with technetium‐99m (99mTc‐BMDMCs) were used to assess the biodistribution by scintigraphy. All patients completed the 270‐day follow‐up protocol with no serious adverse events. A transient increase in creatinine was observed after the cell therapy, with improvement on day 30. 99mTc‐BMDMCs were detected in both kidneys and counts were higher after 2 hr compared with 24 hr. The arterial infusion of BMDMCs in both kidneys of patients with FSGS was considered safe with stable eGFR at the end of follow‐up. This trial is registered with NCT02693366. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]