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1. Clinical Meaningfulness in Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trials. A Report from the EU-US CTAD Task Force

Author

Angioni, D., Cummings, J., Lansdall, C. J., Middleton, L., Sampaio, C., Gauthier, S., Cohen, S., Petersen, R. C., Rentz, D. M., Wessels, A. M., Hendrix, S. B., Jessen, F., Carrillo, M. C., Doody, R. S., Irizarry, M., Andrews, J. S., Vellas, B., Aisen, P., Andrieu, Sandrine, Bateman, Randall, Batrla, Richard, Bell, Joanne, Bosson, Oskar, Bozeat, Sasha, Brooks, Dawn, Haeberlein, Samantha Budd, Buracchio, Teresa, Cho, Min, Choung, Matthew, Cook, Gavin, Crisitello, Darrin, Dangond, Fernando, de Santi, Susan, Dennehy, Ellen, Dhadda, Shobha, Dhillon, Harjeet, Dunn, Billy, Egan, Michael, Elwood, Fiona, Eriksson, Sven, Fagan, Tom, Fillit, Howard, Freskgard, Per-Ola, Gallagher, Diana, Gangi, Gopi, Granda, Carlos, Greeley, David, Gronblad, Anna-Kaija, Hampel, Harald, Hawthorne, Paul, Henley, David, Herring, Joe, Hersch, Steve, Holt, Bill, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Jones, Daryl, Kahl, Anja, Kinney, Gene, Kolb, Hartmuth, Kramer, Lynn, Kulic, Luka, Kumar, Sanjay, Lannfelt, Lars, Lawson, John, Legrand, Valérie, Lenington, Rachel, Longo, Frank, Matthews, Brandy, Masterman, Donna, McLinden, Kristina, Mikels, Sarah, Miller, Michael, Mintun, Mark, Moebius, Hans, Monteiro, Cecilia, Morken, Mario, Murphy, Jennifer, Odergren, Tomas, Osswald, Gunilla, Parnas, Laura, Patru, Maria-Magdalena, Prazma, Charlene, Raman, Rema, Reyderman, Larisa, Rogers, Sharon, Roman, Lise, Romano, Gary, Roskey, Mark, Rubino, Ivana, Ryan, Laurie, Salloway, Stephen, Schindler, Rachel, Schneider, Lon, Scott, David, Sims, John, Skovronsky, Daniel, Soto, Marion, Sperling, Reisa, Steukers, Lennert, Stoops, Erik, Strittmatter, Stephen, Tahami, Amir, Tamagnan, Gilles, Tariot, Gilles, Toloue, Masoud, Touchon, Jacques, Vanmechelen, Eugeen, Walt, Len, Weinberg, Mark, Weiner, Michael, White, Anne, Wiesel, Iris, Wilson, David, Yarenis, Lisa, Zago, Wagner, and Zhou, Jin

Published
2024
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2. Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in AD: Clinical Trials Targeting Mild Behavioral Impairment: A Report from the International CTAD Task Force

Author

Soto, Maria, Rosenberg, P., Ballard, C., Vellas, B., Miller, D., Gauthier, S., Carrillo, M. C., Lyketsos, C., Ismail, Z., Abushakra, Susan, Afshar, Mohammad, Agus, Sam, Aiden, Paul, Alam, John, Algeciras-Schimnich, Alicia, Andrieu, Sandrine, Baruch, Amos, Bateman, Randall, Batrla, Richard, Baudler, Monika, Bell, Joanne, Bittner, Tobias, Bozeat, Sasha, Braunstein, Joel, Brooks, Dawn, Brooks, Tricia, Bullain, Szofia, Burmeister, Jan, Carrillo, Maria, Cho, Min, Collins, Emily, Cook, Gavin, Dague, Chris, De Santi, Susan, Doody, Rachelle, Dunn, Billy, Egan, Michael, Eriksson, Sven, Esquivel, Rianne, Fagan, Tom, Ferrell, Phyllis, Fillit, Howard, Gallagher, Michela, Grönblad, Anna-Kaija, Hains, Avis, Hampel, Harald, Hansson, Oskar, Hefting, Nanco, Hendrix, Suzanne, Ho, Carole, Hu, Helen, Jones, Daryl, Kinney, Gene, Kinnon, Paul, Kurzman, Ricky, Lannfelt, Lars, Lawson, John, LeBastard, Nathalie, Legrand, Valérie, Lewandowski, Nicole, Lim, Carine, Masterman, Donna, Masters, Colin, Lu, Ming, Mintun, Mark, Molinuevo, José Luis, Monteiro, Cecilia, Navia, Bradford, Odergren, Tomas, Osswald, Gunilla, Penny, Lewis, Pontecorvo, Michael, Porsteinsson, Anton, Rabe, Christine, Raman, Rema, Respondek, Gesine, Reyderman, Larisa, Rogers, Sharon, Rosenberg, Paul, Rosenzweig-Lipson, Sharon, Roskey, Mark, Carrie, Rubel, Saad, Ziad, Salloway, Stephen, Schindler, Rachel, Selkoe, Dennis, Shulman, Melanie, Sims, John, Sink, Kaycee, Sipe, Lisa, Skovronsky, Daniel, Somers, Elizabeth, Streffer, Johannes, Such, Pedro, Suhy, Joyce, Toloue, Masoud, Touchon, Jacques, Vandijck, Manu, Weiner, Michael, White, Anne, Wilson, David, Zago, Wagner, and Zhou, Jin

Published
2024
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3. Ketamine in outpatient arthroscopic shoulder surgery: Effects on postoperative pain, hemodynamic stability and process times

Author

Schotola Hanna, Kirsch Karl-Christian, Höcker Jan, Egan Michael, Büttner Benedikt, Wiese Christoph, Mansur Ashham, Hinz José Maria, and Bergmann Ingo

Subjects
Ketamine, outpatient, day surgery, postoperative pain, general anaesthesia, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Pain after arthroscopic shoulder surgery is often severe, and establishing a pain treatment regimen that does not delay discharge can be challenging. The reported ability of ketamine to prevent opioid-induced hyperalgesia has not been investigated in this particular setting.

Published
2015
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6. Can We Use Blood Biomarkers as Entry Criteria and for Monitoring Drug Treatment Effects in Clinical Trials? A Report from the EU/US CTAD Task Force

Author

Angioni, D., Hansson, O., Bateman, R. J., Rabe, C., Toloue, M., Braunstein, J. B., Agus, S., Sims, J. R., Bittner, T., Carrillo, M. C., Fillit, H., Masters, C. L., Salloway, S., Aisen, P., Weiner, M., Vellas, B., Gauthier, S., Abushakra, Susan, Afshar, Mohammad, Alam, John, Algeciras-Schimnich, Alicia, Andrieu, Sandrine, Ballard, Clive, Baruch, Amos, Batrla, Richard, Baudler, Monika, Bell, Joanne, Bozeat, Sasha, Brooks, Dawn, Brooks, Tricia, Bullain, Szofia, Burmeister, Jan, Cho, Min, Collins, Emily, Cook, Gavin, Cummings, Jeffrey, Dague, Chris, De Santi, Susan, Doody, Rachelle, Dunn, Billy, Egan, Michael, Eriksson, Sven, Esquivel, Rianne, Fagan, Tom, Ferrell, Phyllis, Gallagher, Michela, Grönblad, Anna-Kaija, Hains, Avis, Hampel, Harald, Hefting, Nanco, Hendrix, Suzanne, Ho, Carole, Hu, Helen, Ismail, Zahinoor, Jones, Daryl, Kinney, Gene, Kinnon, Paul, Kurzman, Ricky, Lannfelt, Lars, Lawson, John, LeBastard, Nathalie, Legrand, Valérie, Lewandowski, Nicole, Lim, Carine, Lyketsos, Costantine, Masterman, Donna, Lu, Ming, Mintun, Mark, Molinuevo, José Luis, Monteiro, Cecilia, Navia, Bradford, Odergren, Tomas, Osswald, Gunilla, Penny, Lewis, Pontecorvo, Michael, Porsteinsson, Anton, Raman, Rema, Respondek, Gesine, Reyderman, Larisa, Rogers, Sharon, Rosenberg, Paul, Rosenzweig-Lipson, Sharon, Roskey, Mark, Carrie, Rubel, Saad, Ziad, Schindler, Rachel, Selkoe, Dennis, Shulman, Melanie, Sink, Kaycee, Sipe, Lisa, Skovronsky, Daniel, Somers, Elizabeth, Soto, Maria, Streffer, Johannes, Such, Pedro, Suhy, Joyce, Touchon, Jacques, Vandijck, Manu, White, Anne, Wilson, David, Zago, Wagner, and Zhou, Jin

Published
2023
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8. Popular Chinese Literature and Performing Arts in the People's Republic of China, 1949-1979

Author

McDougall, Bonnie S., EDITED BY, Clark, Paul, Egan, Michael, Gunn, Edward, Hegel, Robert E., Holm, David, Hsu, Kai-yu, Huters, T. D., Link, Perry, Loh, Wai-fong, McDougall, Bonnie S., Wong, Isabel K. F., Yung, Bell, McDougall, Bonnie S., Clark, Paul, Egan, Michael, Gunn, Edward, Hegel, Robert E., Holm, David, Hsu, Kai-yu, Huters, T. D., Link, Perry, Loh, Wai-fong, McDougall, Bonnie S., Wong, Isabel K. F., and Yung, Bell

Published
2024

10. Assessing the dry matter intake and enteric methane emissions of pre-partum dairy cows offered grass clover or grass-only silage from two different silage systems.

Author

Kennedy, Michael, Lahart, Ben, Herron, Jonathan, Boland, Tommy M., Fleming, Christina, and Egan, Michael

Subjects
DAIRY cattle, ANIMAL housing, SILAGE, BLOCK designs, GRASSES as feed
Abstract

Over the winter period, the low grass growth and availability in pasture-based dairy systems results in animals being housed and predominantly fed a diet of grass silage. There is limited availability of methane (CH4) data evaluating the impact of forage type on dairy cows over the pre-partum period. The objective of the current experiment was to evaluate the impact of feeding grass clover (GC) silage and grass-only (GO) silage on the dry matter intake (DMI) and enteric CH4 emissions of dairy cows pre-partum. A complete randomised block design was utilised for the 6-week experiment over two winter periods: from December 2020 to January 2021 and from December 2021 to January 2022. In each year, 30 non-lactating pregnant dairy cows were randomly allocated to two treatments (n = 15). In both years, cows in the GC treatment were offered grass clover bale silage, while cows in the GO treatment were offered grass-only pit silage. The DMI and gaseous emissions of individual animals were monitored daily using Hokofarm RIC (roughage intake control) feed stations and the GreenFeed technology. GC silage consistently had greater (p < 0.05) organic matter (OM) digestibility and lower (p < 0.05) neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents when compared with GO silage. Cows in the GC treatment had significantly greater (p < 0.05) total DMI (TDMI) compared with cows in the GO treatment. The daily CH4 emissions (in grams per day) were not affected by treatment; however, cows in the GC treatment had reduced (p < 0.05) CH4 yield (in grams per kilogram TDMI). Offering dairy cows GC silage over the pre-partum period resulted in greater DMI with reduced CH4 yield when compared with cows offered GO silage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Estimating encounter‐habitat relationships with scale‐integrated resource selection functions.

Author

Egan, Michael E., Gorman, Nicole T., Crews, Storm, Eichholz, Michael W., Skinner, Dan, Schlichting, Peter E., Rayl, Nathaniel D., Bergman, Eric J., Ellington, E. Hance, and Bastille‐Rousseau, Guillaume

Subjects
*HABITAT selection, *REINDEER, *CARIBOU, *RED deer, *COYOTE
Abstract

Encounters between animals occur when animals are close in space and time. Encounters are important in many ecological processes including sociality, predation and disease transmission. Despite this, there is little theory regarding the spatial distribution of encounters and no formal framework to relate environmental characteristics to encounters. The probability of encounter could be estimated with resource selection functions (RSFs) by comparing locations where encounters occurred to available locations where they may have occurred, but this estimate is complicated by the hierarchical nature of habitat selection.We developed a method to relate resources to the relative probability of encounter based on a scale‐integrated habitat selection framework. This framework integrates habitat selection at multiple scales to obtain an appropriate estimate of availability for encounters. Using this approach, we related encounter probabilities to landscape resources. The RSFs describe habitat associations at four scales, home ranges within the study area, areas of overlap within home ranges, locations within areas of overlap, and encounters compared to other locations, which can be combined into a single scale‐integrated RSF. We apply this method to intraspecific encounter data from two species: white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and elk (Cervus elaphus) and interspecific encounter data from a two‐species system of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and coyote (Canis latrans).Our method produced scale‐integrated RSFs that represented the relative probability of encounter. The predicted spatial distribution of encounters obtained based on this scale‐integrated approach produced distributions that more accurately predicted novel encounters than a naïve approach or any individual scale alone.Our results highlight the importance of accounting for the conditional nature of habitat selection in estimating the habitat associations of animal encounters as opposed to 'naïve' comparisons of encounter locations with general availability. This method has direct relevance for testing hypotheses about the relationship between habitat and social or predator–prey behaviour and generating spatial predictions of encounters. Such spatial predictions may be vital for understanding the distribution of encounters driving disease transmission, predation rates and other population and community‐level processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Relative abundance of coyotes (Cards latrans) influences gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) occupancy across the eastern United States

Author

Egan, Michael E., Day, Casey C., Katzner, Todd E., and Zollner, Patrick A.

Subjects
Animal populations -- Analysis, Coyotes -- Distribution, Competition (Biology) -- Analysis, Company distribution practices, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber, 1775)) populations in portions of the eastern United States have experienced declines whose trajectories differ from those of other mesocarnivore populations. One hypothesis is that gray fox declines may result from interspecific interactions, particularly competition with abundant coyotes (Corns latrans Say, 1823). Alternatively, gray foxes may respond negatively to increased urbanization and reduced forest cover. To evaluate these hypotheses, we used single-species occupancy models of camera trap data to test the effects of habitat covariates, such as the amount of urbanization and forest, on coyote and gray fox occupancy. Additionally, we test the effect of an index based on an N-mixture model of the number of coyotes at each camera trap site on gray fox occupancy. Results indicate that occupancy probabilities of coyote and gray fox relate positively to the amount of forest, but they provided no evidence urban cover impacts gray foxes. Additionally, gray fox occupancy was negatively related to the index of the number of coyotes at each site. Our models support the idea that interactions with coyotes impact gray fox occupancy across the eastern United States. These results illustrate how large-scale studies can relate mechanisms identified within specific landscapes to phenomena observed at larger scales. Key words: Cams latrans, coyote, competition, gray fox, interspecific, mesopredator release, occupancy, Urocyon cinereoargenteus. Les populations de renards gris (Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber, 1775)) dans certaines parties de l'est des Etats-Unis ont connu des baisses dont les trajectoires different de celles des populations d'autres mesocarnivores. Une hypothese pour expliquer ce phenomene veut que les declins de renards gris pourraient decouler d'interactions entre especes, plus particulierement la concurrence d'abondants coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823). II se pourrait par contre que les renards gris reagissent negativement a l'urbanisation accrue et a la diminution du couvert forestier. Afin d'evaluer ces hypotheses, nous avons utilise des modeles d'occupation d'espece unique appliques a des donnees de pieges photographiques pour examiner les effets de covariables associees a l'habitat, telles que la quantite d'espaces urbanises et de foret, sur l'occupation des coyotes et des renards gris. Nous avons egalement verifie l'effet d'un indice base sur un modele N-melange du nombre de coyotes a chaque site de piege photographique sur l'occupation par les renards gris. Les resultats indiquent que les probability d'occupation par des coyotes et des renards gris sont positivement reliees a la quantite de couvert forestier, mais ne revelent aucun signe d'une influence de la couverture urbaine sur les renards gris. L'occupation des renards gris est en outre negativement reliee a l'indice du nombre de coyotes dans chaque site. Nos modeles appuient l'idee selon laquelle les interactions avec les coyotes auraient une incidence sur l'occupation des renards gris dans l'est des Etats-Unis. Ces resultats illustrent comment des etudes a grande echelle peuvent permettre de relier des mecanismes observes dans des paysages precis a des phenomenes observes a plus grande echelle. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : Canis latrans, coyote, concurrence, renard gris, interspecifique, liberation de mesopredateurs, occupation, Urocyon cinereoargenteus., Introduction Medium-sized carnivores, or mesocarnivores, may benefit from the extirpation of top predators and from being able to exploit modified landscapes (Prugh et al. 2009; Bateman and Fleming 2012). The [...]

Published
2021

15. Safety and immunogenicity of a highly attenuated rVSVN4CT1-EBOVGP1 Ebola virus vaccine: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 clinical trial

Author

Clarke, David K, Xu, Rong, Matassov, Demetrius, Latham, Theresa E, Ota-Setlik, Ayuko, Gerardi, Cheryl S, Luckay, Amara, Witko, Susan E, Hermida, Luz, Higgins, Terry, Tremblay, Marc, Sciotto-Brown, Susan, Chen, Tracy, Egan, Michael A, Rusnak, Janice M, Ward, Lucy A, and Eldridge, John H

Published
2020
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18. Circumstellar Structure around Evolved Stars in the Cygnus-X Star Formation Region

Author

Kraemer, Kathleen E., Hora, Joseph L., Egan, Michael P., Adams, Joseph, Allen, Lori E., Bontemps, Sylvain, Carey, Sean J., Fazio, Giovanni G., Gutermuth, Robert, Keto, Eric, Koenig, Xavier P., Megeath, S. Thomas, Mizuno, Donald R., Motte, Frederique, Price, Stephan D., Schneider, Nicola, Simon, Robert, and Smith, Howard

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present observations of newly discovered 24 micron circumstellar structures detected with the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) around three evolved stars in the Cygnus-X star forming region. One of the objects, BD+43 3710, has a bipolar nebula, possibly due to an outflow or a torus of material. A second, HBHA 4202-22, a Wolf-Rayet candidate, shows a circular shell of 24 micron emission suggestive of either a limb-brightened shell or disk seen face-on. No diffuse emission was detected around either of these two objects in the Spitzer 3.6-8 micron Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) bands. The third object is the luminous blue variable candidate G79.29+0.46. We resolved the previously known inner ring in all four IRAC bands. The 24 micron emission from the inner ring extends ~1.2 arcmin beyond the shorter wavelength emission, well beyond what can be attributed to the difference in resolutions between MIPS and IRAC. Additionally, we have discovered an outer ring of 24 micron emission, possibly due to an earlier episode of mass loss. For the two shell stars, we present the results of radiative transfer models, constraining the stellar and dust shell parameters. The shells are composed of amorphous carbon grains, plus polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the case of G79.29+0.46. Both G79.29+0.46 and HBHA 4202-22 lie behind the main Cygnus-X cloud. Although G79.29+0.46 may simply be on the far side of the cloud, HBHA 4202-22 is unrelated to the Cygnus-X star formation region., Comment: Accepted by AJ

Published
2010
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19. Residual methane emissions in grazing lactating dairy cows.

Author

Starsmore, Katie, Lahart, Ben, Villalobos-Lopez, Nicolas, Egan, Michael, Herron, Jonathan, Burke, Jennifer, and Shalloo, Laurence

Subjects
DAIRY cattle, MILK yield, GRAZING, FEED utilization efficiency, METHANE, LACTATION
Abstract

Residual methane emission (RME) is a trait that has previously been identified as being independent of animal production traits. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ranking grazing dairy cows by RME on animal productivity and enteric methane (CH4) emissions. Milk production, dry matter intake (DMI), liveweight (LWT) and CH4 were recorded on grazing late lactation dairy cows at Teagasc Moorepark, Ireland. The dairy cows were producing 352 g CH4/day, while consuming 16.6 kg DM. The mean methane yield was 20.79 g CH4/kg DMI. Residual methane emission was calculated as the difference between measured CH4 yield and New Zealand emission factor (21.6 g CH4/kg DMI). These dairy cows were ranked based on their RME and classified into groups. The low RME group produced 15% less CH4 than the high RME group while maintaining milk production and feed conversion efficiency. The low RME group had lower methane yield, and methane intensity. There are no significant phenotypic correlations between RME and animal production traits such as energy corrected milk yield, or LWT. These results indicate that RME has the ability to select and rank low emitting grazing dairy cows while being independent from animal productivity traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Prepartum supplementation of dairy cows with inorganic selenium, organic selenium or rumen-protected choline does not affect carotenoid composition or colour characteristics of bovine colostrum or transition milk.

Author

McDermott, Fionnuala, Shi, Hao, Kennedy, Emer, Hogan, Sean A., Brennan, Lorraine, O'Callaghan, Tom F., Egan, Michael, Nolan, John M., and Prado-Cabrero, Alfonso

Abstract

Minerals are supplemented routinely to dairy cows during the dry period to prevent metabolic issues postpartum. However, limited information exists on the impacts of mineral supplementation on colostrum carotenoids. This study aimed to determine the effects of prepartum supplementation with three micro-nutrients; inorganic selenium (INORG), organic selenium (ORG) or rumen-protected choline (RPC) on the carotenoid content of bovine colostrum and transition milk (TM) from pasture-based dairy cows. A total of 57 (12 primiparous and 45 multiparous) Holstein-Friesian (HF) and HF × Jersey (JEX) cows were supplemented daily for 49 ± 12.9 d before calving. Colostrum samples were collected from all cows immediately postpartum and TM one to five (TM1–TM5) were collected from a sub-set of 15 cows (five per treatment group) at each consecutive milking postpartum. Carotenoid concentration was determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – diode array detection (UHPLC-DAD). With the use of transmittance, the colour index and colour parameters a *, b * and L * were used to determine colour variations over this period. Prepartum supplementation did not have a significant effect on colostrum β-carotene concentration or colour. Positive correlations between β-carotene and colour parameter b * (R 2 = 0.671; P < 0.001) and β-carotene and colour index (R 2 = 0.560; P < 0.001) were observed. Concentrations of β-carotene were highest in colostrum (1.34 μg/g) and decreased significantly with each milking postpartum (TM5 0.31 μg/g). Breed had a significant effect on colostrum colour with JEX animals producing a greater b * colostrum than HF animals (P = 0.030). Primiparous animals produced colostrum with the weakest colour compared to second or ≥third parity animals (P = 0.042). Despite statistical increases in the b * parameter in colostrum from JEX cows and multiparous cows, β-carotene concentrations did not significantly increase suggesting that other factors may influence colostrum colour. The b * parameter may be used as an indicator for estimating carotenoid concentrations in colostrum and TM, particularly when assessed via transmittance spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. The LMC's Top 250: Classification of the Most Luminous Compact 8 micron Sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Author

Kastner, Joel H., Thorndike, Stephen L., Romanczyk, Paul A., Buchanan, Catherine, Hrivnak, Bruce J., Sahai, Raghvendra, and Egan, Michael

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

To ascertain the nature of the brightest compact mid-infrared sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), we have applied an updated version of the Buchanan et al. (2006) 2MASS-MSX color classification system, which is based on the results of Spitzer Space Telescope spectroscopy, to a mid-infrared (8 micron) flux-limited sample of 250 LMC objects for which 2MASS and MSX photometry is available. The resulting 2MASS-MSX ("JHK8") color-based classifications of these sources, which constitute the most mid-IR-luminous objects in the LMC, were augmented, cross-checked, and corrected where necessary via a variety of independent means, such that only 47 sources retain tentative classifications and only 10 sources cannot be classified at all. The sample is found to consist primarily of carbon-rich AGB stars (~35%), red supergiants (~18%), and compact H II regions (~30%), with additional, small populations of oxygen-rich AGB stars (~4%), dusty, early-type emission-line stars (~3%), and foreground, O-rich AGB stars in the Milky Way (~3%). The very large ratio of C-rich to O-rich objects among the luminous and heavily dust-enshrouded AGB stars in our LMC IR source sample is consistent with the hypothesis that carbon stars form easily in lower metallicity environments. We demonstrate that very luminous C-rich and O-rich AGB stars and red supergiants, identified here primarily on the basis of their JHK8 colors, also appear as distinct clusters in Spitzer IRAC/MIPS color-color diagrams. Thus, in principle, the IRS-based IR photometric classification techniques applied here to the LMC can be applied to any external galaxy whose most luminous IR point sources are detectable and resolvable by 2MASS and Spitzer., Comment: 51 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables; submitted to the Astronomical Journal

Published
2007
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26. A Post-AGB Star in the Small Magellanic Cloud Observed with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph

Author

Kraemer, Kathleen E., Sloan, G. C., Bernard-Salas, J., Price, Stephan D., Egan, Michael P., and Wood, P. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We have observed an evolved star with a rare combination of spectral features, MSX SMC 029, in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) using the low-resolution modules of the Infrared Spectrograph on the Spitzer Space Telescope. A cool dust continuum dominates the spectrum of MSX SMC 029. The spectrum also shows both emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and absorption at 13.7 micron from C2H2, a juxtaposition seen in only two other sources, AFGL 2688 and IRAS 13416-6243, both post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB) objects. As in these sources, the PAH spectrum has the unusual trait that the peak emission in the 7-9 micron complex lies beyond 8.0 micron. In addition, the 8.6 micron feature has an intensity as strong as the C-C modes which normally peak between 7.7 and 7.9 micron. The relative flux of the feature at 11.3 micron to that at 8 micron suggests that the PAHs in MSX SMC 029 either have a low ionization fraction or are largely unprocessed. The 13-16 micron wavelength region shows strong absorption features similar to those observed in the post-AGB objects AFGL 618 and SMP LMC 11. This broad absorption may arise from the same molecules which have been identified in those sources: C2H2, C4H2, HC3N, and C6H6. The similarities between MSX SMC 029, AFGL 2688, and AFGL 618 lead us to conclude that MSX SMC 029 has evolved off the AGB in only the past few hundred years, making it the third post-AGB object identified in the SMC., Comment: 4 figures, Fig. 4 color; to appear in the 20 November 2006 Astrophysical Journal Letters

Published
2006
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27. A Spitzer IRS Spectral Atlas of Luminous 8 micron Sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Author

Buchanan, Catherine L., Kastner, Joel H., Forrest, William J., Hrivnak, Bruce J., Sahai, Raghvendra, Egan, Michael, Frank, Adam, and Barnbaum, Cecilia

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We present an atlas of Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) spectra of highly luminous, compact mid-infrared sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Sources were selected on the basis of infrared colors and 8 micron (MSX) fluxes indicative of highly evolved, intermediate- to high-mass stars with current or recent mass loss at large rates. We determine the chemistry of the circumstellar envelope from the mid-IR continuum and spectral features and classify the spectral types of the stars. In the sample of 60 sources, we find 21 Red Supergiants (RSGs), 16 C-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars, 11 HII regions, 4 likely O-rich AGB stars, 4 Galactic O-rich AGB stars, 2 OH/IR stars, and 2 B[e] supergiants with peculiar IR spectra. We find that the overwhelming majority of the sample AGB stars (with typical IR luminosities ~1.0E4 L_sun) have C-rich envelopes, while the O-rich objects are predominantly luminous RSGs with L_IR ~ 1.0E5 L_sun. We determine mean bolometric corrections to the stellar K-band flux densities and find that for carbon stars, the bolometric corrections depend on the infrared color, whereas for RSGs, the bolometric correction is independent of IR color. Our results reveal that objects previously classified as PNe on the basis of IR colors are in fact compact HII regions with very red IRS spectra that include strong atomic recombination lines and PAH emission features. We demonstrate that the IRS spectral classes in our sample separate clearly in infrared color-color diagrams that use combinations of 2MASS data and synthetic IRAC/MIPS fluxes derived from the IRS spectra. On this basis, we suggest diagnostics to identify and classify, with high confidence levels, IR-luminous evolved stars and HII regions in nearby galaxies using Spitzer and near-infrared photometry., Comment: 46 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in AJ; abstract abridged

Published
2006
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28. Spitzer IRS Spectra of Luminous 8 micron Sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Author

Buchanan, Catherine L., Kastner, Joel H., Forrest, William J., Hrivnak, Bruce J., Sahai, Raghvendra, Egan, Michael, Frank, Adam, and Barnbaum, Cecilia

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We have produced an atlas of Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) spectra of mass-losing, evolved stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. These stars were selected to have high mass-loss rates and so contribute significantly to the return of processed materials to the ISM. Our high-quality spectra enable the determination of the chemistry of the circumstellar envelope from the mid-IR spectral features and continuum. We have classified the spectral types of the stars and show that the spectral types separate clearly in infrared color-color diagrams constructed from 2MASS data and synthetic IRAC/MIPS fluxes derived from our IRS spectra. We present diagnostics to identify and classify evolved stars in nearby galaxies with high confidence levels using Spitzer and 2MASS photometry. Comparison of the spectral classes determined using IRS data with the IR types assigned based on NIR colors also revealed a significant number of misclassifications and enabled us to refine the NIR color criteria resulting in more accurate NIR color classifications of dust-enshrouded objects., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, uses ASP style file. To appear in the proceedings of "The Spitzer Science Center 2005 Conference: Infrared Diagnostics of Galaxy Evolution", held in Pasadena, November 2005

Published
2006

29. R CrB Candidates in the Small Magellanic Cloud: Observations of Cold, Featureless Dust with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph

Author

Kraemer, Kathleen E., Sloan, G. C., Wood, P. R., Price, Stephan D., and Egan, Michael P.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We observed 36 evolved stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) using the low-resolution mode of the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope. Two of these stars, MSX SMC 014 and 155, have nearly featureless spectral energy distributions over the IRS wavelength range (5.2-35 um) and F_nu peaking at ~8-9 um. The data can be fit by sets of amorphous carbon shells or by single 600-700 K blackbodies. The most similar spectra found in extant spectral databases are of R CrB, although the spectral structure seen in R CrB and similar stars is much weaker or absent in the SMC sources. Both SMC stars show variability in the near-infrared. Ground-based visual spectra confirm that MSX SMC 155 is carbon-rich, as expected for R CrB (RCB) stars, and coincides with an object previously identified as an RCB candidate. The temperature of the underlying star is lower for MSX SMC 155 than for typical RCB stars. The strength of the C_2 Swan bands and the low temperature suggest that it may be a rare DY Per-type star, only the fifth such identified. MSX SMC 014 represents a new RCB candidate in the SMC, bringing the number of RCB candidates in the SMC to six. It is the first RCB candidate discovered with Spitzer and the first identified by its infrared spectral characteristics rather than its visual variability., Comment: Accepted by ApJ Letters 25 August, 2005, 4 pages (emulateapj), 5 figures

Published
2005
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31. MSX, 2MASS, and the LMC: A Combined Near and Mid Infrared View

Author

Egan, Michael P., Van Dyk, Schuyler D., and Price, Stephan D.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has been observed by both the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) in the mid-infrared and the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) in the near-infrared. We have performed a cross-correlation of the 1806 MSX catalog sources and nearly 1.4 million 2MASS catalogued point and extended sources and find 1664 matches. Using the available color information, we identify a number of stellar populations and nebulae, including main sequence stars, giant stars, red supergiants, carbon- and oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, planetary nebulae, H II regions, and other dusty objects likely associated with early-type stars. 731 of these sources have no previous identification. We compile a listing of all objects, which includes photometry and astrometry. The 8.3 micron MSX sensitivity is the limiting factor for object detection: only the brighter red objects, specifically the red supergiants, AGB stars, planetary nebulae and HII regions, are detected in the LMC. The remaining objects are likely in the Galactic foreground. The spatial distribution of the infrared LMC sources may contribute to understanding stellar formation and evolution and the overall galactic evolution. We demonstrate that a combined mid- and near-infrared photometric baseline provides a powerful means of identifying new objects in the LMC for future ground-based and space-based follow-up observations., Comment: 23 pages, 10 figures, to appear in the AJ (2001 Oct issue). N.B: Tables 2 & 3 corrected and available as html files

Published
2001
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34. Variation in GRM3 Affects Cognition, Prefrontal Glutamate, and Risk for Schizophrenia

Author

Egan, Michael F., Straub, Richard E., Goldberg, Terry E., Yakub, Imtiaz, Callicott, Joseph H., Hariri, Ahmad R., Mattay, Venkata S., Bertolino, Alessandro, Hyde, Thomas M., Shannon-Weickert, Cynthia, Akil, Mayada, Crook, Jeremy, Vakkalanka, Radha Krishna, Balkissoon, Rishi, Gibbs, Richard A., Kleinman, Joel E., Weinberger, Daniel R., and Mishkin, Mortimer

Published
2004

37. A multinational study distinguishing Alzheimer's and healthy patients using cerebrospinal fluid tau/Aβ42 cutoff with concordance to amyloid positron emission tomography imaging

Author

Mo, Yi, Stromswold, Julie, Wilson, Kimberly, Holder, Daniel, Sur, Cyrille, Laterza, Omar, Savage, Mary J., Struyk, Arie, Scheltens, Philip, Teunissen, Charlotte E., Burke, James, Macaulay, S. Lance, Bråthen, Geir, Sando, Sigrid Botne, White, Linda R., Weiss, Christy, Cowes, Arturo, Bush, Michele M., DeSilva, Ganga, Darby, David G., Rainey-Smith, Stephanie R., Surls, Jackie, Sagini, Eileen, Tanen, Michael, Altman, Amy, Luthman, Johan, and Egan, Michael F.

Published
2017
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40. Key Considerations For Form 8-K Cybersecurity Materiality Determinations On September 26, 2023

Author

Egan, Michael

Subjects
United States. Securities and Exchange Commission -- Powers and duties, Data security -- Laws, regulations and rules, Regulatory compliance -- Laws, regulations and rules, Disclosure (Securities law) -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Data security issue, Business, international
Abstract

With 8-K reporting obligations for 'material' cybersecurity incidents under the new Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rules becoming effective as of December 18, 2023, most companies will soon be tasked [...]

Published
2023

41. Convergence of placenta biology and genetic risk for schizophrenia

Author

Ursini, Gianluca, Punzi, Giovanna, Chen, Qiang, Marenco, Stefano, Robinson, Joshua F., Porcelli, Annamaria, Hamilton, Emily G., Mitjans, Marina, Maddalena, Giancarlo, Begemann, Martin, Seidel, Jan, Yanamori, Hidenaga, Jaffe, Andrew E., Berman, Karen F., Egan, Michael F., Straub, Richard E., Colantuoni, Carlo, Blasi, Giuseppe, Hashimoto, Ryota, Rujescu, Dan, Ehrenreich, Hannelore, Bertolino, Alessandro, and Weinberger, Daniel R.

Published
2018
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42. Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

Author

Tucker, Marlee A., primary, Schipper, Aafke M., additional, Adams, Tempe S. F., additional, Attias, Nina, additional, Avgar, Tal, additional, Babic, Natarsha L., additional, Barker, Kristin J., additional, Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume, additional, Behr, Dominik M., additional, Belant, Jerrold L., additional, Beyer, Dean E., additional, Blaum, Niels, additional, Blount, J. David, additional, Bockmühl, Dirk, additional, Pires Boulhosa, Ricardo Luiz, additional, Brown, Michael B., additional, Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar, additional, Cagnacci, Francesca, additional, Calabrese, Justin M., additional, Černe, Rok, additional, Chamaillé-Jammes, Simon, additional, Chan, Aung Nyein, additional, Chase, Michael J., additional, Chaval, Yannick, additional, Chenaux-Ibrahim, Yvette, additional, Cherry, Seth G., additional, Ćirović, Duško, additional, Çoban, Emrah, additional, Cole, Eric K., additional, Conlee, Laura, additional, Courtemanch, Alyson, additional, Cozzi, Gabriele, additional, Davidson, Sarah C., additional, DeBloois, Darren, additional, Dejid, Nandintsetseg, additional, DeNicola, Vickie, additional, Desbiez, Arnaud L. J., additional, Douglas-Hamilton, Iain, additional, Drake, David, additional, Egan, Michael, additional, Eikelboom, Jasper A.J., additional, Fagan, William F., additional, Farmer, Morgan J., additional, Fennessy, Julian, additional, Finnegan, Shannon P., additional, Fleming, Christen H., additional, Fournier, Bonnie, additional, Fowler, Nicholas L., additional, Gantchoff, Mariela G., additional, Garnier, Alexandre, additional, Gehr, Benedikt, additional, Geremia, Chris, additional, Goheen, Jacob R., additional, Hauptfleisch, Morgan L., additional, Hebblewhite, Mark, additional, Heim, Morten, additional, Hertel, Anne G., additional, Heurich, Marco, additional, Hewison, A. J. Mark, additional, Hodson, James, additional, Hoffman, Nicholas, additional, Hopcraft, J. Grant C., additional, Huber, Djuro, additional, Isaac, Edmund J., additional, Janik, Karolina, additional, Ježek, Miloš, additional, Johansson, Örjan, additional, Jordan, Neil R., additional, Kaczensky, Petra, additional, Kamaru, Douglas N., additional, Kauffman, Matthew J., additional, Kautz, Todd M., additional, Kays, Roland, additional, Kelly, Allicia P., additional, Kindberg, Jonas, additional, Krofel, Miha, additional, Kusak, Josip, additional, Lamb, Clayton T., additional, LaSharr, Tayler N., additional, Leimgruber, Peter, additional, Leitner, Horst, additional, Lierz, Michael, additional, Linnell, John D.C., additional, Lkhagvaja, Purevjav, additional, Long, Ryan A., additional, López-Bao, José Vicente, additional, Loretto, Matthias-Claudio, additional, Marchand, Pascal, additional, Martin, Hans, additional, Martinez, Lindsay A., additional, McBride, Roy T., additional, McLaren, Ashley A.D., additional, Meisingset, Erling, additional, Melzheimer, Joerg, additional, Merrill, Evelyn H., additional, Middleton, Arthur D., additional, Monteith, Kevin L., additional, Moore, Seth A., additional, Van Moorter, Bram, additional, Morellet, Nicolas, additional, Morrison, Thomas, additional, Müller, Rebekka, additional, Mysterud, Atle, additional, Noonan, Michael J, additional, O’Connor, David, additional, Olson, Daniel, additional, Olson, Kirk A., additional, Ortega, Anna C., additional, Ossi, Federico, additional, Panzacchi, Manuela, additional, Patchett, Robert, additional, Patterson, Brent R., additional, de Paula, Rogerio Cunha, additional, Payne, John, additional, Peters, Wibke, additional, Petroelje, Tyler R., additional, Pitcher, Benjamin J., additional, Pokorny, Boštjan, additional, Poole, Kim, additional, Potočnik, Hubert, additional, Poulin, Marie-Pier, additional, Pringle, Robert M., additional, Prins, Herbert H.T., additional, Ranc, Nathan, additional, Reljić, Slaven, additional, Robb, Benjamin, additional, Röder, Ralf, additional, Rolandsen, Christer M., additional, Rutz, Christian, additional, Salemgareyev, Albert R., additional, Samelius, Gustaf, additional, Sayine-Crawford, Heather, additional, Schooler, Sarah, additional, Şekercioğlu, Çağan H., additional, Selva, Nuria, additional, Semenzato, Paola, additional, Sergiel, Agnieszka, additional, Sharma, Koustubh, additional, Shawler, Avery L., additional, Signer, Johannes, additional, Silovský, Václav, additional, Silva, João Paulo, additional, Simon, Richard, additional, Smiley, Rachel A., additional, Smith, Douglas W., additional, Solberg, Erling J., additional, Ellis-Soto, Diego, additional, Spiegel, Orr, additional, Stabach, Jared, additional, Stacy-Dawes, Jenna, additional, Stahler, Daniel R., additional, Stephenson, John, additional, Stewart, Cheyenne, additional, Strand, Olav, additional, Sunde, Peter, additional, Svoboda, Nathan J., additional, Swart, Jonathan, additional, Thompson, Jeffrey J., additional, Toal, Katrina L., additional, Uiseb, Kenneth, additional, VanAcker, Meredith C., additional, Velilla, Marianela, additional, Verzuh, Tana L., additional, Wachter, Bettina, additional, Wagler, Brittany L., additional, Whittington, Jesse, additional, Wikelski, Martin, additional, Wilmers, Christopher C., additional, Wittemyer, George, additional, Young, Julie K., additional, Zięba, Filip, additional, Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz, additional, Huijbregts, Mark A. J., additional, and Mueller, Thomas, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
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43. Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

Author

Tucker, Marlee, Schipper, Aafke, Adams, Tempe, Attias, Nina, Avgar, Tal, Babic, Natarsha, Barker, Kristin, Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume, Behr, Domink, Belant, Jerrold, Beyer, Dean, Blaum, Niels, Blount, J.D., Bockmühl, Dirk, Luiz Pires Boulhosa, Ricardo, Brown, Michael, Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar, Cagnacci, Francesca, Calabrese, Justin, Černe, Rok, Chamaillé-Jammes, Simon, Nyein Chan, Aung, Chase, Michael, Chaval, Yannick, Chenaux-Ibrahim, Yvette, Cherry, Seth, Ćirović, Duško, Çoban, Emrah, Cole, Eric, Conlee, Laura, Courtemanch, Alyson, Cozzi, Gabriele, Davidson, Sarah, DeBloois, Darren, Dejid, Nandinsetseg, DeNicola, Vickie, Desbiez, Arnaud, Douglas-Hamilton, Iain, Drake, David, Egan, Michael, Eikelboom, Jasper, Fagen, William, Farmer, Morgan, Fennessy, Julian, Finnegan, Shannon, Fleming, Christen, Fournier, Bonnie, Fowler, Nicholas, Gantchoff, Mariela, Garnier, Alexandre, Gehr, Benedikt, Geremia, Chris, Goheen, Jacob, Hauptfleisch, Morgan, Hebblewhite, Mark, Heim, Morten, Hertel, Anne, Heurich, Marco, Hewison, Mark, Hodson, James, Hoffman, Nicholas, Hopcraft, Grant, Huber, Djuro, Isaac, Edmund, Janik, Karolina, Ježek, Miloš, Johansson, Örjan, Jordan, Neil, Kaczensky, Petra, Kamaru, Douglas, Kauffman, Matthew, Kautz, Todd, Kays, Roland, Kelly, Allicia, Kindberg, Jonas, Krofel, Miha, Kusak, Josip, Lamb, Clayton, LaSharr, Tayler, Leimgruber, Peter, Leitner, Horst, Lierz, Michael, Linnell, John, Lkhagvaja, Purevjav, Long, Ryan, López-Bao, José Vicente, Loretto, Matthias-Claudio, Marchand, Pascal, Martin, Hans, Martinez, Lindsey, McBride Jr, Roy, McLaren, Ashley, Meisingset, Erling, Melzheimer, Joerg, Merrill, Evelyn, Middleton, Arthur, Monteith, Kevin, Moore, Seth, Van Moorter, Bram, Morellet, Nicolas, Morrison, Thomas, Müller, Rebekka, Mysterud, Atle, Noonan, Michael, O'Connor, David, Olson, Daniel, Olson, Kirk, Ortega, Anne, Ossi, Federico, Panzacchi, Manuela, Pratchett, Robert, Patterson, Brent, Cunha De Paula, Rogerio, Payne, John, Peters, Wibke, Petroelje, Tyler, Pitcher, Benjamin, Pokorny, Boštjan, Poole, Kim, Potočnik, Hubert, Poulin, Marie-Pier, Pringle, Robert, Prins, Herbert, Ranc, Nathan, Reljić, Slaven, Robb, Benjamin, Röder, Ralf, Rolandsen, Christer, Rutz, Christian, Salemgareyev, Albert, Samelius, Gustaf, Sayine-Crawford, Heather, Schooler, Sarah, Şekercioğlu, Çağan, Selva, Nuria, Samenzato, Paola, Sergiel, Agnieszka, Sharma, Koustubh, Shawler, Avery, Signer, Johannes, Silovský, Václav, Silva, João Paulo, Simon, Richard, Smiley, Rachel, Smith, Douglas, Solberg, Erling, Ellis-Soto, Diego, Spiegel, Orr, Stabach, Jared, Stacy-Dawes, Jenna, Stahler, Daniel, Stephenson, John, Stewart, Cheyenne, Strand, Olav, Sunde, Peter, Svoboda, Nathan, Swart, Jonathan, Thompson, Jeffrey, Toal, Katrina, Uiseb, Kenneth, VanAcker, Meredith, Velilla, Marianela, Verzuh, Tana, Wachter, Bettina, Whittington, Jesse, Wikelski, Martin, Wilmers, Christopher, Wittemyer, George, Young, Julie, Zięba, Filip, Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz, Huijbregts, Mark, Mueller, Thomas, Tucker, Marlee, Schipper, Aafke, Adams, Tempe, Attias, Nina, Avgar, Tal, Babic, Natarsha, Barker, Kristin, Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume, Behr, Domink, Belant, Jerrold, Beyer, Dean, Blaum, Niels, Blount, J.D., Bockmühl, Dirk, Luiz Pires Boulhosa, Ricardo, Brown, Michael, Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar, Cagnacci, Francesca, Calabrese, Justin, Černe, Rok, Chamaillé-Jammes, Simon, Nyein Chan, Aung, Chase, Michael, Chaval, Yannick, Chenaux-Ibrahim, Yvette, Cherry, Seth, Ćirović, Duško, Çoban, Emrah, Cole, Eric, Conlee, Laura, Courtemanch, Alyson, Cozzi, Gabriele, Davidson, Sarah, DeBloois, Darren, Dejid, Nandinsetseg, DeNicola, Vickie, Desbiez, Arnaud, Douglas-Hamilton, Iain, Drake, David, Egan, Michael, Eikelboom, Jasper, Fagen, William, Farmer, Morgan, Fennessy, Julian, Finnegan, Shannon, Fleming, Christen, Fournier, Bonnie, Fowler, Nicholas, Gantchoff, Mariela, Garnier, Alexandre, Gehr, Benedikt, Geremia, Chris, Goheen, Jacob, Hauptfleisch, Morgan, Hebblewhite, Mark, Heim, Morten, Hertel, Anne, Heurich, Marco, Hewison, Mark, Hodson, James, Hoffman, Nicholas, Hopcraft, Grant, Huber, Djuro, Isaac, Edmund, Janik, Karolina, Ježek, Miloš, Johansson, Örjan, Jordan, Neil, Kaczensky, Petra, Kamaru, Douglas, Kauffman, Matthew, Kautz, Todd, Kays, Roland, Kelly, Allicia, Kindberg, Jonas, Krofel, Miha, Kusak, Josip, Lamb, Clayton, LaSharr, Tayler, Leimgruber, Peter, Leitner, Horst, Lierz, Michael, Linnell, John, Lkhagvaja, Purevjav, Long, Ryan, López-Bao, José Vicente, Loretto, Matthias-Claudio, Marchand, Pascal, Martin, Hans, Martinez, Lindsey, McBride Jr, Roy, McLaren, Ashley, Meisingset, Erling, Melzheimer, Joerg, Merrill, Evelyn, Middleton, Arthur, Monteith, Kevin, Moore, Seth, Van Moorter, Bram, Morellet, Nicolas, Morrison, Thomas, Müller, Rebekka, Mysterud, Atle, Noonan, Michael, O'Connor, David, Olson, Daniel, Olson, Kirk, Ortega, Anne, Ossi, Federico, Panzacchi, Manuela, Pratchett, Robert, Patterson, Brent, Cunha De Paula, Rogerio, Payne, John, Peters, Wibke, Petroelje, Tyler, Pitcher, Benjamin, Pokorny, Boštjan, Poole, Kim, Potočnik, Hubert, Poulin, Marie-Pier, Pringle, Robert, Prins, Herbert, Ranc, Nathan, Reljić, Slaven, Robb, Benjamin, Röder, Ralf, Rolandsen, Christer, Rutz, Christian, Salemgareyev, Albert, Samelius, Gustaf, Sayine-Crawford, Heather, Schooler, Sarah, Şekercioğlu, Çağan, Selva, Nuria, Samenzato, Paola, Sergiel, Agnieszka, Sharma, Koustubh, Shawler, Avery, Signer, Johannes, Silovský, Václav, Silva, João Paulo, Simon, Richard, Smiley, Rachel, Smith, Douglas, Solberg, Erling, Ellis-Soto, Diego, Spiegel, Orr, Stabach, Jared, Stacy-Dawes, Jenna, Stahler, Daniel, Stephenson, John, Stewart, Cheyenne, Strand, Olav, Sunde, Peter, Svoboda, Nathan, Swart, Jonathan, Thompson, Jeffrey, Toal, Katrina, Uiseb, Kenneth, VanAcker, Meredith, Velilla, Marianela, Verzuh, Tana, Wachter, Bettina, Whittington, Jesse, Wikelski, Martin, Wilmers, Christopher, Wittemyer, George, Young, Julie, Zięba, Filip, Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz, Huijbregts, Mark, and Mueller, Thomas

Abstract

COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable, with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns, 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals' 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12%, and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide.

Published
2023

44. Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

Author

Tucker, Marlee A., Schipper, Aafke M., Adams, Tempe S.F., Attias, Nina, Avgar, Tal, Babic, Natarsha L., Barker, Kristin J., Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume, Behr, Dominik M., Belant, Jerrold L., Beyer, Dean E., Blaum, Niels, Blount, J.D., Bockmühl, Dirk, Boulhosa, Ricardo Luiz Pires, Brown, Michael B., Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar, Cagnacci, Francesca, Calabrese, Justin M., Černe, Rok, Chamaillé-Jammes, Simon, Chan, Aung Nyein, Chase, Michael J., Chaval, Yannick, Chenaux-Ibrahim, Yvette, Cherry, Seth G., Ćirović, Duško, Çoban, Emrah, Cole, Eric K., Conlee, Laura, Courtemanch, Alyson, Cozzi, Gabriele, Davidson, Sarah C., DeBloois, Darren, Dejid, Nandintsetseg, DeNicola, Vickie, Desbiez, Arnaud L.J., Douglas-Hamilton, Iain, Drake, David, Egan, Michael, Eikelboom, Jasper A.J., Fagan, William F., Farmer, Morgan J., Fennessy, Julian, Finnegan, Shannon P., Fleming, Christen H., Fournier, Bonnie, Fowler, Nicholas L., Gantchoff, Mariela G., Garnier, Alexandre, Gehr, Benedikt, Geremia, Chris, Goheen, Jacob R., Hauptfleisch, Morgan L., Hebblewhite, Mark, Heim, Morten, Hertel, Anne G., Heurich, Marco, Hewison, A.J.M., Hodson, James, Hoffman, Nicholas, Hopcraft, J.G.C., Huber, Djuro, Isaac, Edmund J., Janik, Karolina, Ježek, Miloš, Johansson, Örjan, Jordan, Neil R., Kaczensky, Petra, Kamaru, Douglas N., Kauffman, Matthew J., Kautz, Todd M., Kays, Roland, Kelly, Allicia P., Kindberg, Jonas, Krofel, Miha, Kusak, Josip, Lamb, Clayton T., LaSharr, Tayler N., Leimgruber, Peter, Leitner, Horst, Lierz, Michael, Linnell, John D.C., Lkhagvaja, Purevjav, Long, Ryan A., López-Bao, José Vicente, Loretto, Matthias Claudio, Marchand, Pascal, Martin, Hans, Martinez, Lindsay A., McBride, Roy T., McLaren, Ashley A.D., Meisingset, Erling, Melzheimer, Joerg, Merrill, Evelyn H., Middleton, Arthur D., Monteith, Kevin L., Moore, Seth A., Van Moorter, Bram, Morellet, Nicolas, Morrison, Thomas, Müller, Rebekka, Mysterud, Atle, Noonan, Michael J., O’Connor, David, Olson, Daniel, Olson, Kirk A., Ortega, Anna C., Ossi, Federico, Panzacchi, Manuela, Patchett, Robert, Patterson, Brent R., de Paula, Rogerio Cunha, Payne, John, Peters, Wibke, Petroelje, Tyler R., Pitcher, Benjamin J., Pokorny, Boštjan, Poole, Kim, Potočnik, Hubert, Poulin, Marie Pier, Pringle, Robert M., Prins, Herbert H.T., Ranc, Nathan, Reljić, Slaven, Robb, Benjamin, Röder, Ralf, Rolandsen, Christer M., Rutz, Christian, Salemgareyev, Albert R., Samelius, Gustaf, Sayine-Crawford, Heather, Schooler, Sarah, Şekercioğlu, Çağan H., Selva, Nuria, Semenzato, Paola, Sergiel, Agnieszka, Sharma, Koustubh, Shawler, Avery L., Signer, Johannes, Silovský, Václav, Silva, João Paulo, Simon, Richard, Smiley, Rachel A., Smith, Douglas W., Solberg, Erling J., Ellis-Soto, Diego, Spiegel, Orr, Stabach, Jared, Stacy-Dawes, Jenna, Stahler, Daniel R., Stephenson, John, Stewart, Cheyenne, Strand, Olav, Sunde, Peter, Svoboda, Nathan J., Swart, Jonathan, Thompson, Jeffrey J., Toal, Katrina L., Uiseb, Kenneth, VanAcker, Meredith C., Velilla, Marianela, Verzuh, Tana L., Wachter, Bettina, Wagler, Brittany L., Whittington, Jesse, Wikelski, Martin, Wilmers, Christopher C., Wittemyer, George, Young, Julie K., Ziba, Filip, Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz, Huijbregts, Mark A.J., Mueller, Thomas, Tucker, Marlee A., Schipper, Aafke M., Adams, Tempe S.F., Attias, Nina, Avgar, Tal, Babic, Natarsha L., Barker, Kristin J., Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume, Behr, Dominik M., Belant, Jerrold L., Beyer, Dean E., Blaum, Niels, Blount, J.D., Bockmühl, Dirk, Boulhosa, Ricardo Luiz Pires, Brown, Michael B., Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar, Cagnacci, Francesca, Calabrese, Justin M., Černe, Rok, Chamaillé-Jammes, Simon, Chan, Aung Nyein, Chase, Michael J., Chaval, Yannick, Chenaux-Ibrahim, Yvette, Cherry, Seth G., Ćirović, Duško, Çoban, Emrah, Cole, Eric K., Conlee, Laura, Courtemanch, Alyson, Cozzi, Gabriele, Davidson, Sarah C., DeBloois, Darren, Dejid, Nandintsetseg, DeNicola, Vickie, Desbiez, Arnaud L.J., Douglas-Hamilton, Iain, Drake, David, Egan, Michael, Eikelboom, Jasper A.J., Fagan, William F., Farmer, Morgan J., Fennessy, Julian, Finnegan, Shannon P., Fleming, Christen H., Fournier, Bonnie, Fowler, Nicholas L., Gantchoff, Mariela G., Garnier, Alexandre, Gehr, Benedikt, Geremia, Chris, Goheen, Jacob R., Hauptfleisch, Morgan L., Hebblewhite, Mark, Heim, Morten, Hertel, Anne G., Heurich, Marco, Hewison, A.J.M., Hodson, James, Hoffman, Nicholas, Hopcraft, J.G.C., Huber, Djuro, Isaac, Edmund J., Janik, Karolina, Ježek, Miloš, Johansson, Örjan, Jordan, Neil R., Kaczensky, Petra, Kamaru, Douglas N., Kauffman, Matthew J., Kautz, Todd M., Kays, Roland, Kelly, Allicia P., Kindberg, Jonas, Krofel, Miha, Kusak, Josip, Lamb, Clayton T., LaSharr, Tayler N., Leimgruber, Peter, Leitner, Horst, Lierz, Michael, Linnell, John D.C., Lkhagvaja, Purevjav, Long, Ryan A., López-Bao, José Vicente, Loretto, Matthias Claudio, Marchand, Pascal, Martin, Hans, Martinez, Lindsay A., McBride, Roy T., McLaren, Ashley A.D., Meisingset, Erling, Melzheimer, Joerg, Merrill, Evelyn H., Middleton, Arthur D., Monteith, Kevin L., Moore, Seth A., Van Moorter, Bram, Morellet, Nicolas, Morrison, Thomas, Müller, Rebekka, Mysterud, Atle, Noonan, Michael J., O’Connor, David, Olson, Daniel, Olson, Kirk A., Ortega, Anna C., Ossi, Federico, Panzacchi, Manuela, Patchett, Robert, Patterson, Brent R., de Paula, Rogerio Cunha, Payne, John, Peters, Wibke, Petroelje, Tyler R., Pitcher, Benjamin J., Pokorny, Boštjan, Poole, Kim, Potočnik, Hubert, Poulin, Marie Pier, Pringle, Robert M., Prins, Herbert H.T., Ranc, Nathan, Reljić, Slaven, Robb, Benjamin, Röder, Ralf, Rolandsen, Christer M., Rutz, Christian, Salemgareyev, Albert R., Samelius, Gustaf, Sayine-Crawford, Heather, Schooler, Sarah, Şekercioğlu, Çağan H., Selva, Nuria, Semenzato, Paola, Sergiel, Agnieszka, Sharma, Koustubh, Shawler, Avery L., Signer, Johannes, Silovský, Václav, Silva, João Paulo, Simon, Richard, Smiley, Rachel A., Smith, Douglas W., Solberg, Erling J., Ellis-Soto, Diego, Spiegel, Orr, Stabach, Jared, Stacy-Dawes, Jenna, Stahler, Daniel R., Stephenson, John, Stewart, Cheyenne, Strand, Olav, Sunde, Peter, Svoboda, Nathan J., Swart, Jonathan, Thompson, Jeffrey J., Toal, Katrina L., Uiseb, Kenneth, VanAcker, Meredith C., Velilla, Marianela, Verzuh, Tana L., Wachter, Bettina, Wagler, Brittany L., Whittington, Jesse, Wikelski, Martin, Wilmers, Christopher C., Wittemyer, George, Young, Julie K., Ziba, Filip, Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz, Huijbregts, Mark A.J., and Mueller, Thomas

Abstract

COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals’ 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12% and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide.

Published
2023

48. Cellular and humoral responses to an HIV DNA prime by electroporation boosted with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing HIV subtype C Env in a randomized controlled clinical trial

Author

Wilson, Gregory J., primary, Rodriguez, Benigno, additional, Li, Shuying Sue, additional, Allen, Mary, additional, Frank, Ian, additional, Rudnicki, Erika, additional, Trahey, Meg, additional, Kalams, Spyros, additional, Hannaman, Drew, additional, Clarke, David K., additional, Xu, Rong, additional, Egan, Michael, additional, Eldridge, John, additional, Pensiero, Michael, additional, Latham, Theresa, additional, Ferrari, Guido, additional, Montefiori, David C., additional, Tomaras, Georgia D., additional, De Rosa, Stephen C., additional, Jacobson, Jeffrey M., additional, Miner, Maurine D., additional, and Elizaga, Marnie, additional

Published
2023
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