67 results on '"Eileen Brown"'
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2. Digital Marketer
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Eileen Brown, Betsy Aoki
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- 2018
Catalog
3. Working the Crowd: Social media marketing for business
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Eileen Brown
- Published
- 2012
4. Shift
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M. Kathryn Brohman, Eileen Brown, and Jim McSheffrey
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- 2019
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5. Shift : A New Mindset for Sustainable Execution
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M. Kathryn Brohman, Eileen Brown, Jim McSheffrey, M. Kathryn Brohman, Eileen Brown, and Jim McSheffrey
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- Organizational effectiveness, Strategic planning, Organizational change
- Abstract
Organizations all too often create impressive strategies but fail at implementing them. Based on research with over 750 organizations, Shift conceptualizes execution with energy management in mind to offer discrete capabilities that will help leaders'shift'into more sustainable and dynamic execution practices. With the importance of orchestrating balance between stability and flexibility at the core, Shift is written in four parts - identifying execution barriers, filling gaps, removing distractions, and differentiating execution leaders that are capable of driving improvement. Most novel is the introduction of a performance indicator, called the Cost of Execution (COx), that quantifies execution capabilities and challenges. Shift includes real case studies and describes a comprehensive approach that will help organizations satisfy the business demands of today and adapt to embrace the challenges of tomorrow. more...
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- 2019
6. Digital Marketer
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Eileen Brown, Betsy Aoki, Eileen Brown, and Betsy Aoki
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- Internet marketing
- Abstract
Digital marketing is now essential to making products and services a success and digital marketers are more and more in demand. This book is your guide to becoming an efficient and effective digital marketer, covering the expertise and array of skills you will need; how to stay current and future-proof your career; useful digital marketing tools, channels, frameworks and procedures; how to measure campaign success, and how to take the next steps to advance your digital marketing career. more...
- Published
- 2018
7. Relationship Between Peak Troponin Values and Long‐Term Ischemic Events Among Medically Managed Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
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Megan L. Neely, Thomas F. Lüscher, Sarah A. Goldstein, Matthew T. Roe, Harvey D. White, Derek D. Cyr, Eileen Brown, L. Kristin Newby, Christian W. Hamm, E. Magnus Ohman, and University of Zurich
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Male ,Time Factors ,risk stratification ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Coronary Heart Disease ,acute coronary syndromes ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction ,Original Research ,biology ,troponin ,Middle Aged ,Clopidogrel ,Up-Regulation ,myocardial infarction ,Treatment Outcome ,10209 Clinic for Cardiology ,Cardiology ,Platelet aggregation inhibitor ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Acute coronary syndrome ,Ticlopidine ,610 Medicine & health ,2705 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Double-Blind Method ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Acute Coronary Syndrome ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Prasugrel Hydrochloride ,Chi-Square Distribution ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Troponin ,Multivariate Analysis ,biology.protein ,Linear Models ,business ,Chi-squared distribution ,Biomarkers ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - Abstract
Background The relationship between troponin level and outcomes among patients with non‐ ST ‐segment elevation ACS is established, but the relationship of troponin level with long‐term outcomes among medically managed non‐ST‐segment elevation ACS patients receiving contemporary antiplatelet therapy is inadequately defined. Methods and Results In 6763 medically managed non‐ST‐segment elevation ACS patients randomized in TRILOGY ACS (Targeted Platelet Inhibition to Clarify the Optimal Strategy to Medically Manage Acute Coronary Syndromes) (prasugrel versus clopidogrel), we examined relationships between categories of peak troponin/upper limit of normal ( ULN ) ratio within 48 hours of the index ACS event (≈4.5 days before randomization) and 30‐month outcomes (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke; cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction; and all‐cause death). Patients with peak troponin levels ULN were younger, were more often women, and had lower GRACE risk scores than those in other troponin groups. Those with ratios ≥5× ULN were more frequently smokers but less often had prior myocardial infarction or percutaneous coronary intervention. Diabetes mellitus prevalence, body mass index, serum creatinine, and hemoglobin were similar across groups. For all end points, statistically significant differences in 30‐month event rates were observed between peak troponin categories. The relationship was linear for 30‐month mortality (ULN , n=1849 [6.2%]; 1 to ULN , n=1203 [9.6%]; 3 to ULN , n=581 [10.8%]; and ≥5× ULN , n=3405 [12.8%]) but plateaued for composite end points beyond peak troponin values ≥3× ULN . There was no statistically significant heterogeneity in treatment effect by peak troponin ratio for any end point. Conclusions Among medically managed non‐ST‐segment elevation ACS patients selected for medical management, there was a graded relationship between increasing peak troponin and long‐term ischemic events but no heterogeneity of treatment effect for prasugrel versus clopidogrel according to peak troponin. Clinical Trial Registration URL : http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT 00699998. more...
- Published
- 2017
8. Effect of Prasugrel Pre-Treatment Strategy in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for NSTEMI
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Accoast Investigators, Petr Widimsky, Patrick Ecollan, Jean-François Tanguay, Eileen Brown, Gilles Montalescot, Christian W. Hamm, Debra L. Miller, Dariusz Dudek, LeRoy LeNarz, Jurriën M. ten Berg, Eric Vicaut, Jean-Philippe Collet, Patrick Goldstein, and Leonardo Bolognese more...
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Prasugrel ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Clopidogrel ,medicine.disease ,Revascularization ,Internal medicine ,Conventional PCI ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Myocardial infarction ,cardiovascular diseases ,business ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Ticagrelor ,TIMI ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background After percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), treatment with a P2Y12 antagonist with aspirin is recommended for 1 year. Objectives The oral P2Y12 antagonists ticagrelor and prasugrel have higher recommendations than clopidogrel, but it is unknown if administration before the start of PCI is beneficial. Methods In the randomized, double-blind ACCOAST (A Comparison of prasugrel at the time of percutaneous Coronary intervention Or as pre-treatment At the time of diagnosis in patients with non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) trial, 4,033 patients were diagnosed with NSTEMI and 68.7% underwent PCI; 1,394 received pre-treatment with prasugrel (30-mg loading dose), and 1,376 received placebo. At the time of PCI, patients who received pre-treatment with prasugrel received an additional 30-mg dose of prasugrel, and those who received placebo received a 60-mg loading dose of prasugrel. Primary efficacy was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, urgent revascularization, or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa bailout through 7 days from randomization. Investigators captured the presence of thrombus on initial angiography and during PCI. Results The incidence of the primary endpoint through 7 days from randomization in the pre-treatment group versus the no pre-treatment group was 13.1% versus 13.1% (p = 0.93). Pre-treatment with prasugrel was not associated with decreases in any ischemic event, including total mortality. Patients with thrombus on angiography had a 3-fold higher incidence of the primary endpoint than patients without thrombus. There was no impact of pre-treatment with prasugrel on the presence of thrombus before PCI or on occurrence of stent thrombosis after PCI. There was a 3-fold increase in all non–coronary artery bypass graft Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) major bleeding and a 6-fold increase in non–coronary artery bypass graft life-threatening bleeding with pre-treatment with prasugrel; the same trends persisted in patients who had radial or femoral access even with use of a closure device. Conclusions These findings support deferring treatment with prasugrel until a decision is made about revascularization in patients with NSTEMI undergoing angiography within 48 h of admission. (A Comparison of prasugrel at the time of percutaneous Coronary intervention Or as pre-treatment At the time of diagnosis in patients with non—ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction [ACCOAST]; NCT01015287) more...
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- 2014
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9. Thought-provoking articles
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Eileen, Brown
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Male ,Schools ,Attitude of Health Personnel ,Humans ,Female ,Guidelines as Topic ,Hygiene ,Empathy ,Nursing Staff, Hospital ,Toilet Facilities ,Nurse-Patient Relations - Published
- 2016
10. Outcomes for Latin American Versus White Patients Suffering From Acute Mania in a Randomized, Double-Blind Trial Comparing Olanzapine and Haloperidol
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Jorge Rovner, Ana González-Pinto, Robert W. Baker, José J. Castillo, Jorge M. Tamayo, Eduard Vieta, Rodolfo D. Fahrer, Elizabeth Brunner, Ricardo Zapata, Guido Mazzotti, Elena Bonett-Perrin, Wagner F. Gattaz, Jean M. Azorin, Mauricio Tohen, and Eileen Brown more...
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Male ,Olanzapine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Time Factors ,Weight Gain ,Young Mania Rating Scale ,Akathisia ,White People ,Benzodiazepines ,Double-Blind Method ,Extrapyramidal symptoms ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Haloperidol ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Aged ,Remission Induction ,Fasting ,Hispanic or Latino ,Middle Aged ,Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ,Hospitalization ,Barnes Akathisia Scale ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cholesterol ,Treatment Outcome ,Tolerability ,Anesthesia ,Acute Disease ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Mania ,Antipsychotic Agents ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Data from a published double-blind randomized trial comparing olanzapine versus haloperidol in acute mania were used to address the response and tolerability of Latin American patients. Primary efficacy end point was the remission rate (Young Mania Rating Scale score more...
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- 2007
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11. Making some sense of war
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Eileen, Brown
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Male ,Sex Factors ,Military Nursing ,Humans ,Female ,Workload ,History, 20th Century ,World War I ,Nurse's Role ,New Zealand - Published
- 2015
12. Rapid versus non-rapid cycling as a predictor of response to olanzapine and divalproex sodium for bipolar mania and maintenance of remission: Post hoc analyses of 47-week data
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Mauricio Tohen, Trisha Suppes, Eileen Brown, Leslie M. Schuh, and Robert W. Baker
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Adult ,Male ,Divalproex ,Olanzapine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Bipolar I disorder ,medicine.drug_class ,Atypical antipsychotic ,Personality Assessment ,Young Mania Rating Scale ,Benzodiazepines ,Double-Blind Method ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,Post-hoc analysis ,medicine ,Humans ,Bipolar disorder ,Psychiatry ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Valproic Acid ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Treatment Outcome ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Mania ,Antipsychotic Agents ,Follow-Up Studies ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Rapid cycling in bipolar disorder has been associated with greater morbidity. We examine whether rapid cycling affects treatment response to olanzapine or divalproex in acute mania.A post hoc analysis of a 47-week, randomized, double-blind study compared olanzapine (5-20 mg/day) to divalproex sodium (500-2500 mg/day) for bipolar manic or mixed episodes (N=251). Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) scoresor = 20 were required for inclusion. Patients were classified at study entry as "rapid cyclers" if they experiencedor = 4 episodes within the last year. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze YMRS change from baseline.A significant three-way interaction (cycling frequency by medication by visit) was found when modeling change in YMRS total scores. For patients with bipolar I disorder identified as rapid cyclers, mania improvement across the trial did not differ significantly between treatment groups (p=0.181). Among non-rapid cyclers, olanzapine-treated patients had significantly greater YMRS improvement than divalproex-treated patients across the trial (p0.001) and at most time points. Among olanzapine-treated patients, non-rapid cyclers experienced numerically greater YMRS improvement than rapid cyclers throughout the trial; statistically significant differences occurred at weeks 11, 15 and 39. In contrast, among divalproex-treated patients, YMRS scores were significantly better in rapid cyclers than non-rapid cyclers during the first two study weeks but were comparable thereafter. A similar pattern was seen in Clinical Global Impressions-Mania Severity scores. Hamilton Depression scores in rapid versus non-rapid cycling patients differed at some time points but not over the entire trial and differences by cycling status were not treatment-specific.Apart from the post hoc nature of the analyses, there were high dropout rates in both groups, and cycle frequency was not taken into account.Rapid cycling patients did less well over long-term treatment than non-rapid cycling patients. Among rapid cycling patients, olanzapine and divalproex appear similarly effective against manic symptoms; however, among non-rapid cycling patients, olanzapine-treated patients experienced superior mania improvement. Olanzapine-treated, non-rapid cyclers experienced greater mania improvement than rapid cyclers. The converse was true of divalproex-treated patients early in treatment. more...
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- 2005
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13. Safety of Subchronic Treatment with Fluoxetine for Major Depressive Disorder in Children and Adolescents
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John H. Heiligenstein, Mary E. Nilsson, Melissa J. Joliat, Cherri M. Miner, and Eileen Brown
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Poison control ,Placebo ,law.invention ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Fluoxetine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Single-Blind Method ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Child ,Adverse effect ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Concomitant ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Physical therapy ,Major depressive disorder ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the safety of subchronic fluoxetine treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents.Patients received up to 19 weeks of treatment with fluoxetine, 10 mg-60 mg daily. Safety was evaluated through the reporting of concomitant medications, vital signs, routine laboratory testing, electrocardiograms (ECGs), and adverse event data.Ninety-six patients, aged 9-17 years, completed 19 weeks of treatment with fluoxetine (n = 49) or placebo (n = 47). There were statistically significant differences between the fluoxetine and placebo groups in mean change from baseline for alkaline phosphatase and total cholesterol levels (p0.001, and p0.014, respectively), but there were no statistically significant differences between the incidence of abnormal laboratory values for these 2 analytes. Fluoxetine-treated patients gained statistically significantly less height (fluoxetine: 1.0 cm +/- 2.4; placebo: 2.1 cm +/- 2.6; p = 0.004) and weight (fluoxetine: 1.2 kg +/- 2.7; placebo: 2.3 kg +/- 2.6; p = 0.008) than placebo-treated patients during the 19 weeks of treatment. There was no difference in the rate of reported suicide-related events between fluoxetine and placebo.Fluoxetine was found to be safe and well tolerated in this study of children and adolescents with MDD. Clarification and determination of the clinical significance of the growth-rate reduction seen during fluoxetine treatment requires further investigation. During treatment with fluoxetine, the growth of child and adolescent patients should be monitored. more...
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- 2004
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14. Changes in Energy After Switching From Daily Citalopram, Paroxetine, or Sertraline to Once-Weekly Fluoxetine
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Eileen Brown, Melissa J. Joliat, and Cherri M. Miner
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Depressive Disorder ,Fluoxetine ,Sertraline ,business.industry ,Once weekly ,Citalopram ,Pharmacology ,Paroxetine ,Drug Administration Schedule ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Quality of Life ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,business ,Fatigue ,Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ,Retrospective Studies ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2004
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15. An excitement subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
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Saeeduddin Ahmed, Mauricio Tohen, Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer, Robert W. Baker, Leslie M. Schuh, Lixin Shao, Virginia L. Stauffer, and Eileen Brown
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Adolescent ,Psychometrics ,Hostility ,Young Mania Rating Scale ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Benzodiazepines ,Double-Blind Method ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Bipolar disorder ,Psychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Aged ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Principal Component Analysis ,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Confirmatory factor analysis ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Olanzapine ,Schizophrenia ,Female ,Schizophrenic Psychology ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Mania ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
Background : We sought to develop and validate an excitement subscale from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to allow the investigation of mania-like excitement symptoms in clinical trials of patients with schizophrenia using the PANSS and to provide clinicians with a short assessment tool for these states. Methods : Baseline PANSS data from six double-blind, randomized registration trials of olanzapine, three in schizophrenia and three in acute bipolar mania, were used in these post-hoc analyses. Schizophrenia study data were pooled and randomly split in half. Exploratory principal component factor analysis was performed on half of the data. Factors were extracted based on minimum eigenvalue criteria (eigenvalue≥1); loadings were determined using an equamax rotation. Confirmatory principal component factor analysis was performed on the other half of the data, retaining the original number of factors. Principal component factor analysis was also done for the pooled bipolar studies. Change in the new mania-like factor scores was then correlated with Young Mania Rating Scale (Y-MRS) scores in each bipolar study. Results : Exploratory principal components analysis on the pooled schizophrenia data extracted five factors: negative, positive, excitement, cognitive, and depressive factors. The mania-like excitement factor was represented by four items (uncooperativeness, poor impulse control, excitement, and hostility), with only moderate loadings by tension and suspiciousness/persecution. Results were similar in the confirmatory analysis and the pooled bipolar studies. Change from baseline to endpoint for the mania-like factor correlated reasonably well (0.64–0.78) with change in Y-MRS scores in the bipolar studies. At baseline, bipolar patients scored higher than patients with schizophrenia on three of four PANSS mania-like factor items: poor impulse control, excitement, and hostility; the converse was true for most other PANSS items. Conclusion : Factor analyses of the PANSS consistently uncovered an excitement factor including uncooperativeness, poor impulse control, excitement, and hostility items. This factor may be useful in examining manic symptoms in studies where the addition of a scale specific to mania would be burdensome and where symptoms of excitement are part of the clinical presentation. more...
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- 2004
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16. Developing and Administering a Journal Use and Preference Survey: Lessons Learned
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Madeleine Bombeld, Eileen Brown, and Lynn Shay
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Library and Information Sciences - Published
- 2004
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17. Recurrence of symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder after the cessation of luteal-phase fluoxetine treatment
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Teri Pearlstein, Cherri M. Miner, Melissa J. Joliat, and Eileen Brown
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Luteal Phase ,Placebo ,Drug Administration Schedule ,Premenstrual Syndrome ,Premenstrual Tension ,Recurrence ,Fluoxetine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Single-Blind Method ,Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,medicine.disease ,Discontinuation ,Clinical trial ,Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation ,Female ,business ,Premenstrual dysphoric disorder ,medicine.drug ,Psychopathology - Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to use the data from two clinical trials to evaluate premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptom severity after the discontinuation of fluoxetine treatment. Study Design: A retrospective analysis of two clinical trials was performed. Patients were treated with fluoxetine or placebo for three cycles, with the use of several different dosing regimens, followed by single blind placebo treatment for one cycle. Assessments of relapse included the daily record of severity of problems, the Sheehan disability scale, the premenstrual tension scale-clinician rated, and the clinical global impressions-severity. Results: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms significantly increased after fluoxetine discontinuation. The scores did not return to baseline; however, the fluoxetine group was no longer significantly superior to placebo. Conclusion: The two trials demonstrate that, after three cycles of treatment, premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms recur within the first cycle after treatment discontinuation. The rapid recurrence of symptoms further supports the view of premenstrual dysphoric disorder as a clinical entity distinct from depression. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;188:887-95.) more...
- Published
- 2003
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18. Reply: Not All NSTEMIs Are Created Equal
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Gilles, Montalescot, Jean-Philippe, Collet, Patrick, Ecollan, Leonardo, Bolognese, Jurrien, Ten Berg, Dariusz, Dudek, Christian, Hamm, Petr, Widimsky, Jean-François, Tanguay, Patrick, Goldstein, Eileen, Brown, Debra L, Miller, LeRoy, LeNarz, and Eric, Vicaut more...
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Male ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Myocardial Infarction ,Humans ,Female ,Hemorrhage ,Thiophenes ,Intraoperative Complications ,Piperazines - Published
- 2015
19. Predictors of bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes treated with prasugrel
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Jean-François Tanguay, LeRoy LeNarz, Dariusz Dudek, Leonardo Bolognese, Zuzana Motovska, Debra L. Miller, Gilles Montalescot, Petr Widimsky, Christian W. Hamm, Jurriën M. ten Berg, and Eileen Brown
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Acute coronary syndrome ,Prasugrel ,Time Factors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Myocardial Infarction ,Hemorrhage ,Thiophenes ,Risk Assessment ,Piperazines ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Sex Factors ,Double-Blind Method ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Myocardial infarction ,Acute Coronary Syndrome ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Prasugrel Hydrochloride ,Chi-Square Distribution ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Treatment Outcome ,Conventional PCI ,Cardiology ,Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists ,Platelet aggregation inhibitor ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,TIMI ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background When considering antiplatelet therapy for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), it is essential to balance benefits (less thrombotic/ischaemic events) versus bleeding risks related to intense platelet inhibition via antagonism of P2Y 12 receptors. This analysis aimed to identify predictors of bleeding events among A Comparison of Prasugrel at the Time of PCI or as Pretreatment at the Time of Diagnosis in Patients with NSTEACS (ACCOAST) study population. Methods and results The ACCOAST study randomised 4033 patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) to (A) a 30 mg prasugrel loading dose (LD) followed by coronary angiography with an additional 30 mg prasugrel at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or (B) a placebo LD followed by a 60 mg prasugrel at the time of PCI. Patients received standard of care, including use of aspirin. Independent predictors of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) major bleeding not related to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) within 7 days were assessed using stepwise Cox proportional model for time to first occurrence of the event. Non-CABG-related TIMI major or minor bleeding was similarly analysed. Non-CABG-related TIMI major bleeding occurred in 36 (0.9%) patients, and TIMI major or minor bleeding occurred in 81 (2.0%) patients. Independent predictors for TIMI major bleeding alone were pretreatment with prasugrel LD (HR 3.02; 95% CI 1.42 to 6.43), femoral access (HR 2.45; 95% CI 1.11 to 5.38), female sex (HR 2.57; 95% CI 1.32 to 5.00), placement of >1 stent (HR 2.50; 95% CI 1.26 to 4.95) and age (HR 1.05; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.09). Pretreatment with prasugrel LD (HR 3.05; 95% CI 1.84 to 5.07), femoral access (HR 3.06; 95% CI 1.74 to 5.38), female sex (HR 2.62; 95% CI 1.67 to 4.12), performed PCI (HR 2.21; 95% CI 1.23 to 3.99), therapy with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (HR 1.88; 95% CI 1.06 to 3.33) and age (increased bleed per year of age HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.06) were independent predictors of TIMI major or minor bleeding through 7 days. Conclusions Pretreatment, age, gender and procedural variables predicted bleeding risk in patients with NSTEMI. Clinical registration No NCT01015287. more...
- Published
- 2015
20. Fluoxetine for Acute Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial
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Sharon L. Hoog, Karen Dineen Wagner, Daniel E. Ernest, Jennie G. Jacobson, John H. Heiligenstein, Mary E. Nilsson, Graham J. Emslie, and Eileen Brown
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Placebo ,law.invention ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Fluoxetine ,Internal medicine ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Adverse effect ,Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Analysis of Variance ,Depressive Disorder ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Antidepressant ,Major depressive disorder ,Female ,Psychology ,Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ,medicine.drug - Abstract
This report presents results from the acute treatment phase of a clinical trial designed to confirm efficacy of a fixed dose of 20 mg of fluoxetine in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD).After a 3-week screening period, 122 children and 97 adolescents with MDD ( ) were randomly assigned to placebo or fluoxetine. After a 1-week placebo lead-in, fluoxetine-treated patients received fluoxetine 10 mg/day for 1 week, then fluoxetine 20 mg/day for 8 weeks.Fluoxetine was associated with greater mean improvement in Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) score than placebo after 1 week (.05) and throughout the study period. Significantly more fluoxetine-treated patients (41%) met the prospectively defined criteria for remission than did placebo-treated patients (20%) (.01). More fluoxetine- (65%) than placebo-treated (53%) patients met the prospectively defined response criterion ofor =30% decrease in CDRS-R score, but this difference was not significant ( =.093). Significantly more fluoxetine-than placebo-treated patients completed acute treatment ( =.001). There were no significant differences between treatment groups in discontinuations due to adverse events ( =.408).Fluoxetine 20 mg daily appears to be well tolerated and effective for acute treatment of MDD in child and adolescent outpatients. Fluoxetine is the only antidepressant that has demonstrated efficacy in two placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials of pediatric depression. more...
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- 2002
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21. Fluoxetine v. placebo in prevention of relapse in post-traumatic stress disorder
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Stephanie C. Koke, Eileen Brown, Apurva Prakash, Harry Zhang, and Ferenc Martenyi
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Placebo ,Relapse prevention ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacotherapy ,Double-Blind Method ,Fluoxetine ,Internal medicine ,Secondary Prevention ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Psychiatry ,Adverse effect ,Aged ,Traumatic stress ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Tolerability ,Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation ,Female ,Psychology ,Anxiety disorder ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BackgroundLittle is known about the effect of pharmacotherapy in the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relapse.AimsTo assess the efficacy and tolerability of fluoxetine in preventing PTSD relapse.MethodThis was a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Following 12 weeks of acute treatment, patients who responded were re-randomised and continued in a 24-week relapse prevention phase with fluoxetine (n=69) or placebo (n=62). The primary efficacy assessment was the prevention of PTSD relapse, based on the time to relapse.ResultsPatients in the fluoxetine/fluoxetine group were less likely to relapse than patients in the fluoxetine/placebo group (P=0.027). There were no clinically significant differences in treatment-emergent adverse events between treatment groups.ConclusionsFluoxetine is effective and well tolerated in the prevention of PTSD relapse for up to 6 months. more...
- Published
- 2002
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22. Premenstrual Daily Fluoxetine for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
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Uriel Halbreich, Susan McCray, Cherri M. Miner, Eileen Brown, Lee S. Cohen, Ellen W. Freeman, and Karen Sundell
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Placebo ,Severity of Illness Index ,Drug Administration Schedule ,law.invention ,Premenstrual Syndrome ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,Pregnancy ,Reference Values ,law ,Fluoxetine ,Internal medicine ,Severity of illness ,medicine ,Humans ,Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ,Dosing ,Menstrual Cycle ,Probability ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Mood Disorders ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,medicine.disease ,Treatment Outcome ,Mood ,Endocrinology ,Tolerability ,Patient Satisfaction ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,business ,Premenstrual dysphoric disorder ,Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ,Follow-Up Studies ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To evaluate premenstrual daily dosing with fluoxetine for treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.After a two-cycle screening and one-cycle single-blind placebo period, 260 women were randomized to fluoxetine 10 mg, fluoxetine 20 mg, or placebo (dosed daily from 14 days before next expected menses through the first full day of bleeding) for three cycles. Women recorded premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms daily using a computerized version of the Daily Record of Severity of Problems.Premenstrual daily fluoxetine 20 mg demonstrated significant improvement in mean Daily Record of Severity of Problems luteal scores compared with placebo (P =.005); premenstrual daily fluoxetine 10 mg did not (P =.100). Daily Record of Severity of Problems total scores were statistically significantly improved by the first treatment cycle for both active treatment groups. However, only fluoxetine 20 mg remained statistically significantly superior to placebo throughout the active treatment phase of the trial. Both fluoxetine groups showed significant treatment advantage over placebo for mood-related symptoms (P.05). Only premenstrual daily fluoxetine 20 mg showed significant treatment advantage over placebo for physical symptoms of breast tenderness (P.001), bloating (P =.001), and joint/muscle pain (P =.037). Treatment was well tolerated; discontinuations due to adverse events did not differ among the three groups (P =.316).Premenstrual daily dosing with fluoxetine effectively treats mood, physical, and social functioning symptoms associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Fluoxetine 20 mg appears to have comparable tolerability with, and better efficacy than, fluoxetine 10 mg. more...
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- 2002
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23. Switching Patients From Daily Citalopram, Paroxetine, or Sertraline to Once-Weekly Fluoxetine in the Maintenance of Response for Depression
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Eileen Brown, Reema Munir, Jill S. Gonzales, and Cherri M. Miner
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Citalopram ,Pharmacology ,Drug Administration Schedule ,Pharmacotherapy ,Maintenance therapy ,Fluoxetine ,Sertraline ,Internal medicine ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Paroxetine ,United States ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Quality of Life ,Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation ,Major depressive disorder ,Female ,Psychology ,Reuptake inhibitor ,Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Major depressive disorder is frequently a chronic, recurrent condition necessitating maintenance treatment. For some patients, compliance with daily pharmacotherapy is difficult over time. As an alternative approach, a once-weekly administered formulation of fluoxetine has recently been made available. This raises the important question of whether once-weekly enteric-coated fluoxetine, 90 mg, is effective for maintenance of response in patients whose depressive symptoms have responded to daily dosing with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as citalopram, paroxetine, or sertraline.Patients had met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder prior to beginning treatment for their current episode, had received 6 to 52 weeks of treatment with citalopram (20-40 mg/day [N = 83]), paroxetine (20 mg/day [N = 77]), or sertraline (50-100 mg/day [N = 86]), and had responded to that treatment (Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness [CGI-S] scoreor = 2, modified 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAM-D-17] scoreor = 10). Patients meeting these criteria (N = 246) continued treatment with their current SSRI for 1 week, then were switched to open-label enteric-coated fluoxetine, 90 mg, taken once weekly for 12 weeks. Safety measures were comparisons of spontaneously reported and solicited treatment-emergent adverse events. Efficacy measures were percentages of patients who discontinued the study for relapse and lack of efficacy and comparison of change from baseline to endpoint in scores on the modified HAM-D-17, subscales of the HAM-D-28, and the CGI-S. Quality of life measures were assessed with the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). We hypothesized that the once-weekly administration of fluoxetine could be safely and effectively initiated among subjects who had been stabilized on daily SSRI treatment.Seventy-nine percent of patients successfully completed a switch to enteric-coated fluoxetine, 90 mg, with 9.3% discontinuing due to relapse or lack of efficacy. Enteric-coated fluoxetine at a once-weekly dose of 90 mg was well tolerated in all groups. No significant increases were found in the HAM-D-17 total, HAM-D-28 subscores, or CGI-S score. Patients showed improvement from baseline to endpoint in most of the SF-36 health concepts.Enteric-coated fluoxetine taken once weekly appears to be well tolerated and efficacious in patients who responded to acute therapy with other SSRIs and were subsequently switched to fluoxetine once weekly for continuation/maintenance therapy. more...
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- 2002
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24. Weekly luteal-phase dosing with enteric-coated fluoxetine 90 mg in premenstrual dysphoric disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
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Madelaine M. Wohlreich, Cherri M. Miner, Eileen Brown, Jill S. Gonzales, and Susan McCray
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Luteal Phase ,Luteal phase ,Placebo ,law.invention ,Premenstrual Syndrome ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Fluoxetine ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Menstrual cycle ,media_common ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Treatment Outcome ,Endocrinology ,Follicular Phase ,Tolerability ,Clinical Global Impression ,Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation ,Female ,Tablets, Enteric-Coated ,business ,Premenstrual dysphoric disorder ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Because the symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are limited to the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, the potential benefit of luteal-phase dosing has been hypothesized.This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of enteric-coated fluoxetine 90 mg given once or twice during the luteal phase for the treatment of PMDD.Study drug was given 14 and 7 days before expected menses during the luteal phase of 3 menstrual cycles. After a screening period and single-blind placebo lead-in period, eligible women were randomized to I of 3 treatment groups: enteric-coated fluoxetine 90 mg on both days (LPWDx2); placebo 14 days before menses and enteric-coated fluoxetine 90 mg 7 days before menses (LPWDx1); or placebo on both days (PLC). The primary efficacy measure was change from baseline in mean luteal-phase scores on the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP). Secondary efficacy measures included scores on the Rating Scale for Premenstrual Tension Syndrome, Clinician-Rated (PMTS-C); the Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity scale; and the Patient Global Impression (PGI)-Improvement scale. Quality of life was assessed using the Sheehan Disability Scale.Two hundred fifty-seven women were randomized to treatment. At the end of the study, the LPWDx2 group had statistically significant improvements in DRSP total, DRSP mood subtotal, DRSP social functioning subtotal, PMTS-C, CGI-Severity, PGI-Improvement, and Sheehan Disability Scale work and family life scores compared with LPWDx1 and PLC (each measure, P0.05). There was also a statistically significant improvement in the score on the social life section of the Sheehan Disability Scale with LPWDx2 compared with PLC (P = 0.037). Across all treatment groups, 5 patients discontinued due to nonserious adverse events. Rates of discontinuation for any reason did not differ between the 3 treatment groups.The findings of this study support the efficacy and tolerability of enteric-coated fluoxetine 90 mg given twice during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle for the treatment of PMDD. more...
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- 2002
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25. Election publication praised
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Eileen, Brown
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Publishing ,National Health Programs ,Health Priorities ,Societies, Nursing ,Politics ,Humans ,New Zealand - Published
- 2014
26. Applying novel methods to assess clinical outcomes: insights from the TRILOGY ACS trial
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Shaun G. Goodman, Eileen Brown, Matthew T. Roe, Cynthia M. Westerhout, Judith S. Hochman, E. Magnus Ohman, Paul W. Armstrong, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Yinggan Zheng, Jeffrey A. Bakal, and Keith A.A. Fox
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Acute coronary syndrome ,Prasugrel ,Ticlopidine ,Endpoint Determination ,Myocardial Infarction ,Recurrence ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Clinical significance ,Angina, Unstable ,Aged ,Surrogate endpoint ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Middle Aged ,Clopidogrel ,medicine.disease ,Coronary revascularization ,Survival Analysis ,Surgery ,Clinical trial ,Stroke ,Treatment Outcome ,Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Prasugrel Hydrochloride ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aims Several methods provide new insights into understanding clinical trial composite endpoints, using both conventional and novel methods. The TRILOGY ACS trial is used as a contemporary example to prospectively compare these methods side by side. Methods and results The traditional time-to-first-event, Andersen–Gill recurrent events method, win ratio, and a weighted composite endpoint (WCE) are compared using the randomized, active-control TRILOGY ACS trial. This trial had a neutral result and randomized 9326 patients managed without coronary revascularization within 10 days of their acute coronary syndrome to receive either prasugrel or clopidogrel and followed them for up to 30 months. The traditional composite, win ratio, and WCE demonstrated no significant survival advantage for prasugrel, whereas the Andersen–Gill method demonstrated a statistical advantage for prasugrel [hazard ratio (HR), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.72–0.97)]. The traditional composite used 73% of total patient events; 40% of these were derived from the death events. The win ratio used 66% of total events; deaths comprised 57% of these. Both Andersen–Gill and WCE methods used all events in all participants; however, with the Andersen–Gill method, death comprised 41% of the proportion of events, whereas with the WCE method, death comprised 64% of events. Conclusion This study addresses the relative efficiency of various methods for assessing clinical trial events comprising the composite endpoint. The methods accounting for all events, in particular those incorporating their clinical relevance, appear most advantageous, and may be useful in interpreting future trials. This clinical and statistical advantage is especially evident with long-term follow-up where multiple non-fatal events are more common. Clinical Trial Registration NCT00699998. more...
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- 2014
27. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VERY LOW LEVELS OF BASELINE HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL AND INCREASED LONG-TERM MORTALITY IN MEDICALLY MANAGED ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME PATIENTS
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Eileen Brown, Megan L. Neely, Emil Hagström, Mandeep Sidhu, William Boden, Keith A.A. Fox, Harvey D. White, E. Magnus Ohman, Matthew T. Roe, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Paul W. Armstrong, and Gail E. Hafley more...
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Acute coronary syndrome ,business.industry ,Cholesterol ,medicine.disease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,High-density lipoprotein ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Long term mortality ,business ,Baseline (configuration management) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2014
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28. Reply
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Eric Vicaut, Debra L. Miller, Christian W. Hamm, Petr Widimsky, Leonardo Bolognese, LeRoy LeNarz, Jean-Philippe Collet, Accoast Investigators, Patrick Goldstein, Dariusz Dudek, Patrick Ecollan, Eileen Brown, Jurriën M. ten Berg, Jean-François Tanguay, and Gilles Montalescot more...
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Intensive care medicine ,Individual risk ,business ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
To answer the comments of Dr. Nairooz and colleagues, we have performed additional analyses of the percutaneous coronary intervention subgroup that need to be examined with caution considering their post-hoc nature. Although it is possible to evaluate the individual risk of a patient presenting with more...
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- 2015
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29. Platelet function during extended prasugrel and clopidogrel therapy for patients with ACS treated without revascularization: the TRILOGY ACS platelet function substudy
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Udaya S. Tantry, Jan H. Cornel, Paul A. Gurbel, Shaun G. Goodman, Chunmei Zhou, Mark Y. Chan, Harvey D. White, Kurt Huber, Benjamin Neely, Eileen Brown, Megan L. Neely, Paul W. Armstrong, Joseph A. Jakubowski, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Matthew T. Roe, David Erlinge, E. Magnus Ohman, and Keith A.A. Fox more...
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prasugrel ,Ticlopidine ,Platelet Function Tests ,Myocardial Infarction ,Myocardial Ischemia ,Context (language use) ,Thiophenes ,Piperazines ,Interquartile range ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Angina, Unstable ,Acute Coronary Syndrome ,Aged ,Aspirin ,Prasugrel Hydrochloride ,Unstable angina ,business.industry ,Maintenance dose ,Body Weight ,Age Factors ,General Medicine ,Clopidogrel ,medicine.disease ,Platelet Activation ,Stroke ,Treatment Outcome ,Anesthesia ,Cardiology ,Female ,business ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Context The relationship of platelet function testing measurements with outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) initially managed medically without revascularization is unknown. Objective To characterize the differences and evaluate clinical outcomes associated with platelet reactivity among patients with ACS treated with clopidogrel or prasugrel. Design, Setting, and Patients Patients with medically managed unstable angina or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were enrolled in the TRILOGY ACS trial (2008 to 2011) comparing clopidogrel vs prasugrel. Of 9326 participants, 27.5% were included in a platelet function substudy: 1286 treated with prasugrel and 1278 treated with clopidogrel. Interventions Aspirin with either prasugrel (10 or 5 mg/d) or clopidogrel (75 mg/d); those 75 years or older and younger than 75 years but who weighed less than 60 kg received a 5-mg prasugrel maintenance dose. Main Outcome Measures Platelet reactivity, measured in P2Y(12) reaction units (PRUs), was performed at baseline, at 2 hours, and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 months after randomization. The primary efficacy end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke through 30 months. Results Among participants younger than 75 years and weighing 60 kg or more, the median PRU values at 30 days were 64 (interquartile range [IQR], 33-128) in the prasugrel group vs 200 (IQR, 141-260) in the clopidogrel group (P more...
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- 2012
30. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel for acute coronary syndromes without revascularization
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L. Wang, T. Stys, William E. Boden, R. H. Urbano, D. M. Olinic, Karen S. Pieper, A. Kuijper, E. Soh, J. Nicolau, Jadwiga Nessler, William J. Rogers, Ernesto Rivera, R. Braam, H. Kadr, J. Csikasz, B. Boichev, Prafulla Kerkar, I. Kraiz, R. Babu, Ali Aydinlar, D. Safley, O. Nguyen-Khac, P. Chua, W. Buchanan, C. A. Morales, A. Abyankar, A. Srinivas, S. Genth-Zotz, J. Rocha Faria Neto, D. Drenning, L. Moretti, S. Varma, D. Roth, C. Matei, Jane E. Onken, H. Tumbev, P. Keeling, Xian Li, N. Ciglenecki, Shahyar M. Gharacholou, P. P. Goh, D. Sporn, M. Chang, Marcin Gruchała, R. Foreman, Bogdan Minescu, S. Nawaz, N. Alexeeva, Y. Shalev, C. Fastabend, L. van Zyl, J. F. Certic, J. Longo, J. Wang, K. Dave, Olivier Morel, F. Maatouk, Y. El Rakshy, J. Giacomini, P. Lazov, R. Marino, Dimitar Raev, M. Y. Chan, L. Z. Dextre, Y. Hao, P. Sepulveda, K. Ramshev, C. Bayron, Ameer Kabour, Alon Marmor, Luciano Moreira Baracioli, H. Marais, Rajendra H. Mehta, R. Breedveld, A. Ben Khalfallah, Kurtulus Ozdemir, I. Westendorp, J. A. Quion, Daniel J. George, D. F. Garcia, J.-P Bassand, G. Szalai, Huw Griffiths, O. Ushakov, M. Tzekova, E. Suprun, A. Mowafy, N. El Mansour, Gail V.W. Johnson, Tereshchenko Sn, W. T. Lai, Petr Widimsky, Hany Ragy, V. R. Castillo, M. Padour, Gilles Montalescot, Louie Tirador, Deepak L. Bhatt, M. Marrinan, S. Promisloff, A. Nambiar, Reginald G.E.J. Groutars, S. R. Lee, J. Cabrera, S. Zhang, András Jánosi, K. Wita, R. Sciborski, Annabelle Rodriguez, P. Sedlon, Jaroslaw D. Kasprzak, A. Faynyk, A. Romero Acuña, M. C. Ramirez, Rakesh Gupta, R. Saligrama, Jacek Gniot, Y. Ke, John H. Alexander, X. Liu, E. Baranov, R. Grzywna, Mukul Sharma, A. Linka, Jarosław Wójcik, Haroon Rashid, M. S. Sanchez, M. Gadkari, B. Rao, James S. Zebrack, Paul W. Armstrong, Francois Schiele, Gracita O. Topacio, Peter J. Casterella, A. Belhassane, P. Golino, F. Plat, P. Roberts-Thomson, K. S. Kim, Stephen D. Wiviott, Mathew T. Roe, Y. D. Chen, I. A. Khan, S. Thanvi, S. Isserman, G. Falck, R. M. Coching, S. C. Stamate, M. Ogorek, K. Danisa, Poul Anders Hansen, M. Medvegy, Amos Katz, R. K. Seerangachar, B. Farah, V. Kale, B. Kusnick, Maurice Pye, M. Mosseri, M. Vatutin, D. Weinstein, Norma Keller, A. Mihov, Ewa Mirek-Bryniarska, N. Adjei, S. Sethi, A. Irimpen, M. Broeders, T. Huynh, K. Niezgoda, P. Samardzic, D. Ziperman, Stuart J. Pocock, T. Arad, J. Lewczuk, M. Amuchastegui, R. Moscoso, B. Dimov, W. A. Ahmad, E. Dalli, P. Laothavorn, S. Shaikh, Helmut U. Klein, J. Menon, H. Colombo, L. Fattore, G. Zarrella, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, N. Viboolkitvarakul, Judith D. Goldberg, Neetika Garg, Y. Hasin, F. Rossi Dos Santos, S. J. Vigo, L. Horbach, O. Prokhorov, H. Moellmann, T. R. Vera, C. E. Botta, Domitilla Russo, M. Rossovskaya, David C. Henderson, Rebecca B. Costello, V. Shcherbak, C. J.P.J. Werter, W. Kus, I. Dobre, P. Marechal, T. Nair, H. Nielsen, J. Waites, J. B. Moraes Junior, T. Römer, J. Senior, P. Ionescu, S. Kalashetti, R. N. Ortega, Gail E. Hafley, G. A. Dan, Apur R. Kamdar, Ruth Ann Greenfield, David F. Kong, J. Bergallo, O. Barnum, Antonis S. Manolis, Sumeet Subherwal, S. Schaefer, A. Figueredo, Habib Gamra, S. Bandyopadhyay, V. Miloradovic, Imran Arif, Peter R. Carroll, M. Demirtas, S. Guidera, G. Rogelio, Naseem Jaffrani, N. Mulvihill, Marvin J. Slepian, Darren K. McGuire, Rohit Kalra, Luís A. Providência, F. Van de Werf, Andras Vertes, J. Xu, C. F. Gamio, R. G. Xuereb, R. F. Ramos, E. Kis, N. Bustros, M. De Luca, S. Zhurba, T. Connelly, S. Singhi, F. Gredler, Serdar Kucukoglu, Francesco Fedele, C. Chavez, Christoph Kadel, Antônio Carlos Sobral Sousa, S. Srimahachota, Igor Kaidashev, J. H. Garcia, I. Teodorescu, Birute Petrauskiene, O. Kracoff, Liwa T. Younis, Alain Bouchard, P. Osmancik, Y. Sun, C. Hammett, S. Sabri, William Wallace, Mehmet Yazici, L. Ermoshkina, Harish Chandna, G. Ramos-Lopez, M. Bronisz, Sergio Luiz Zimmermann, Giuseppe Ambrosio, V. Hergeldjieva, César A. Jardim, A. Rifai, H. Lui, A. Lee, J. Scholz Issa, A. Blenkhorn, P. Micale, V. Barbarich, C. Maccallum, Peter J. Grant, G. Topacio, N. Budassi, J. Yan, Keith A.A. Fox, Y. Xia, Jan H. Cornel, A. Rafael, Paul Hermany, S. Potthoff, Mohsin A.F. Khan, Pierre Coste, Neal Ready, N. T. Duda, M. Reyes, A. Chandran, I. G. Gordeev, Anne W. Beaven, B. J.B. Hamer, C. Treasure, Pravin Manga, M. R. Babarskiene, T. Devedzhiev, Alberto Menozzi, L. Lenarz, N. Llerena, Thomas F. Lüscher, Giovânio Vieira da Silva, Y. Malynovsky, L. Ramanathan, M. Belicova, M. O. Ibarra, D. Chew, R. Castillo, M. Kesselbrenner, A. H. Li, E. Baldjiev, M. El-Harari, S. H. Hur, S. Chiaramida, C. E. Chiang, Viliam Fridrich, L. R. Cartasegna, A. Yagensky, Steven E. Hearne, Gregory Pavlides, Witold Rużyłło, Y. Chandrashekhar, S. Welka, H. Petijean, Jose L. Leiva-Pons, Shaul Atar, Andrzej Lubiński, S. Zhao, János Tomcsányi, Narinder Singh, D. Banker, T. Boyek, H. Ebinc, N. Calambur, A. Mouhaffel, M. Creteanu, H. Huang, J. O. Jeong, E. Goudreau, D. Alexopoulos, E. Duronto, S. Car, O. Bashkirtsev, J. Mandak, V. Papademetriou, David O. Williams, Oscar Pereira Dutra, R. Baman, T. J. Hong, J. O. Ibañez, D. L. Gomez, R. K. Jain, R. Jozwa, L. Di Lorenzo, Matthew Wilson, Christian W. Hamm, A. Buakhamsri, Nikitas Moschos, Ashok Kumar, A. Kadiiski, C. Y. Lee, M. Opazo, J. Tang, E. Ferrari, P. Colon-Hernandez, Jean-Pierre Déry, B. Goloborodko, L. Gimple, Diego Ardissino, M. Bergovec, S. Thew, Dariusz Dudek, K. Tang, P. A.G. Zwart, A. Deshpande, S. Sathe, Yves Cottin, V. Pai, O. Koval, J. Lesnik, Pavan S. Reddy, A. Espinoza, Rungroj Krittayaphong, Carisi Anne Polanczyk, E. Kukuy, L. Tejada, J. Nobel, Renato D. Lopes, J. Bagatin, A. Manolova, E. Boudriot, A. Godoy, N. Perepech, Christopher D. Olympios, A. E. Guimarães, James Harris, Aref Rahman, D. Foley, H. J. Kruik, J. Bruguera I Cortada, I. Fotiadis, A. Bharani, Petar Otasevic, Eileen Brown, N. Gratsiansky, J. E. Poulard, Vladimir Gašparović, Habib Haouala, A. de Belder, J. Schmedtje, Lilia Nigro Maia, J. Cobos, Werner Benzer, E. Korban, A. U. Quraishi, X. Hong, A. Bazzi, P. Kotha, L. Gubolino, H. Ingersoll, Debra Marshall, Udo Sechtem, Sandipan Dutta, G. Frago, Anthony Mathur, Shaun G. Goodman, William Bachinsky, A. Hamer, Jaime Gomez, Patrizio Lancellotti, Vance Wilson, L. White, P.P. Mohanan, Aleksandar Knezevic, Sorin J. Brener, Susanna R. Stevens, H. Luquez, S. K. Lee, P. E. Leaes, P. Benjarge, T. Tu, Z. Coufal, N. Koliopoulos, Mahmut Şahin, X. Huang, S. Boldueva, J. De Souza, N. Chidambaram, S. Zolyomi, K. G. Shyu, H. Montecinos, A. Piombo, Wladmir Faustino Saporito, R. L. Kulkarni, I. Szakal, G. Arminio, M. Elbaz, Samir Pancholy, Jang Ho Bae, Giuseppe Musumeci, S. B. Zouari, A. Chois, D. Wojciechowski, A. Bakbak, E. Bozkurt, Kenneth J. Winters, R. Raugaliene, D. Sarkar, J. M. Alegret, Hubertus Heuer, E. Bobescu, E. Roncallo, R. Carlsson, R. Craig McLendon, L K Newby, K. Zrazhevskiy, João Pedro Ferreira, A. Haidar, D. Tellez, Robert Olszewski, Shmuel Gottlieb, H. Jure, A. Garcia Escudero, S. Sengupta, V. Ochean, W. Kostuk, G. Range, F. Leroy, G. Parale, R. Fernandez, M. Fulwani, M. Padovan, Y. Dovgalevskiy, Kreton Mavromatis, H. Hart, Y. G. Ko, F. Seixo, V. Bisne, J. McGarvey, Kimberly L. Blackwell, John H. Strickler, Sanjay Kumar, A. Bordonava, L. Egorova, C. Patocchi, A. Karczmarczyk, Chiara Melloni, Piyamitr Sritara, M. Anastasiou-Nana, Roman Szełemej, K. Penchev, D. Morales, M. Tokmakova, Krzysztof Zmudka, Rakesh Yadav, E. Bressollette, D. Nul, A. L. Astesiano, M. Urban, Abdulhay Albirini, C. T. Chin, F. Moulin, I. M. Coman, R. Watkin, J. Abanilla, J. Brønnum-Schou, J. Anusauskiene, P. Andrade Lotufo, Joseph G. Rogers, M. Bessen, P. C. Sartori, Paulo Roberto Ferreira Rossi, K. Atassi, H. V. Anderson, B. Klugherz, Bateshwar Prasad Singh, Mirza S. Baig, Z. Yusof, J. H. Geertman, A. Labroo, P. Nash, Freek W.A. Verheugt, Nancy J. Brown, M. A. Alcocer, A. Neskovic, L. Francek, Judith S. Hochman, A. Hoffmann, R. Dran, A. Podczeck-Schweighofer, Jeffry Katz, Josh Roberts, Roger E. McLendon, Ronald Rodriguez, T. Downes, A. Roth, L. E. Mayorga, Armagan Altun, José-Luis López-Sendón, M. Krotin, N. van der Merwe, O. Gigliotti, C. Park, G. Brigden, M. Kumbla, D. C G Basart, D. Erdogan, R. van Kranen, J. Beloscar, Johny Joseph, Pierluigi Tricoci, J. Marino, N. Mahon, S. Dani, I. Kovalskyy, Ioannis Nanas, V. Volkov, M. I. Edmilao, J. Kruells-Muench, F. Alamgir, R. Rinaldi, W. E. Mogrovejo, J. Mirat, C. Staniloae, S. Borromeo, H. Kozman, H. Zhang, Y. Zhou, S. Shurmur, A. Manari, M. A. Barrera, A. Vasylenko, D. Keedy, Paul A. Gurbel, Ali Oto, Charles R. Lambert, V. G. Ribeiro, A. Quintero, H. Joshi, L. Tang, J. Allan, C. S. Díaz, F. Carvalho Neuenschwander, Mircea Cintezǎ, M. Kokles, G. Piovaccari, Z. Kovacs, W. Li, C. Beauloye, E. J. Ramos, D. Bertolim Precoma, J. Burstein, G. Covelli, E. C. Zambrano, Assen Goudev, A. Tang, F. Henriquez, S. Tangsuntornwiwat, C. Kirma, GR Aycock, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, M. Ardnt, Jose C. Nicolau, O. Barbarash, E. K. Shin, P. Potapenko, T. Supryadkina, Asok Venkataraman, W. Mogrovejo, M. Acikel, R. Bohorquez, M. Syvänne, M. Chan, H. Mardikar, H. Berlin, O. Quintana, K. Heintz, J. M. Bastos, Guillermo Llamas Esperon, G. Aroney, J. Chen, Nancy H. Collins, C. Ahsan, G. Heins, F. Baer, V. Kondle, Nicholas Danchin, G. Shetty, Sergio Berti, Philip E. Aylward, James Cotton, G. S. Vallejo, Massimo Volpe, Z. Vasiljevic-Pokrajcic, C. Bugueño, Seung Woon Rha, S. Ilic, G. E. Stanciulescu, Z. Li, D. Nassiacos, R. Sciberras, S. Kuanprasert, Denilson Campos de Albuquerque, M. Pavlovic, Craig S. Barr, Mohammed R. Essop, John G. Canto, David T. Roberts, M. Ozdemir, Jacquelyn Miller, T. K. Ong, Sian E. Harding, V. Bose, J. Yoon, R. Syan, M. A. Paz, O. Maskon, Dennis V. Cokkinos, L. Kraus, Z. Masud, K. Amosova, M. Boyarkin, L. Mos, Dmitry Zamoryakhin, Arif Anis Khan, Jeffrey A. Breall, A. Gallino, Ivo Petrov, F. A. Alves da Cost, Saul Vizel, Hugo Vargas Filho, P. Kaewsuwanna, G. Antonelli, Chuen Den Tseng, I. Vakaliuk, J. Miklin, A. El Hawary, Ashok Jacob, D. Gumm, Kurt Huber, G. Pajes, N. Jathappa, Stanislaw Bartus, P. V. Lavhe, C. Romero, J. Balkin, T. Gould, R. Durgaprasad, Felipe Martinez, Henning Ebelt, A. Puri, D. K. Agarwal, E. E. Buyukoner, R. Mora Junior, P. Poliacik, A. Dande, X. Zhao, J. Floro, A. Bagriy, Yuliya Lokhnygina, M. Atieh, V. Batushkin, Valentin Markov, O. Karpenko, Peter Clemmensen, P. Castro, L. Paloscia, F. Florenzano, J. L. Accini, Tony Schibler, J. Arneja, W. Wu, B. Andruszkiewicz, Michael A. Morse, P. Vojtisek, D. Sadler, S. Frischwasser, M. Cayli, W N Leimbach, E. Flores, B. Wang, A Sosa Liprandi, Y. Michalaros, H. C. Finimundi, Raul D. Santos, N. Vijay, E. Magnus Ohman, Y. Karpenko, J. Sirotiakova, Z. Shogenov, D A Zateyshchikov, Eric P. Viergever, R. Bach, Gary S. Niess, D. C. Acosta, G. Piegari, J. B. Gupta, J. Shanes, E. Ronner, J. Arter, Claudio Cavallini, M. A. Hominal, V. Bugan, S. D. Varini, K. Nyman, B. G. Castillo, Sinan Aydoğdu, N. Novikova, D. Wang, P. Simpson, Y. Huang, Taral Patel, Gabriel Tatu-Chitoiu, D. Silva Junior, H. Theron, C. Alvarez, Anikó Ilona Nagy, T. Chua, P. Georgiev, D. Rittoo, G. De Luca, R. Blonder, Alberto Caccavo, D. Koganti, E. Manenti, N. Ghaisas, G. Letcher, D. Platogiannis, Arshed A. Quyyumi, J. Dy, Z. Ples, W. Kunz Sebba Barroso de Souza, Hamid Taheri, S. Kammoun, A. Salvioni, B. Stockins, K. Sutalo, J. C. Post, Merih Kutlu, Vijay K. Chopra, C. Mathis, Stephen M. Schwartz, Manish Jain, D. Coisne, A. Goudev, A. Dalby, João Morais, P. van Kalmthout, Andrzej Budaj, I. Dotani, L. Mircoli, R. Vicari, J. P. Herrman, M. Moran, G. Lupkovics, Alexander Parkhomenko, J. Heath, Andrew Moriarty, C. Pop, J. Y. Hwang, S. Kassam, R. Martingano, I. Nikolskaya, Z. Zheng, Johann S. de Bono, M. Izzo, R. Labonte, E. H. Forte, W. Moleerergpoom, Piera Angelica Merlini, D. Lee, W. Macias, G. Syan, S. Zhou, S. W. Kim, T. Duris, E. Shaoulian, Andreas U. Wali, Marco Antonio Mota Gomes, Pritibha Singh, M. Ovize, M. Del Core, W. Bowden, B. Xu, Ravi Bhagwat, C. Wongvipaporn, J. Vojacek, Steven Lindsay, F. McGrew, J. Gorny, J. D. Pappas, R. Vuyyuru, J. Chahin, Ashraf Reda, T. Lau, E. Conn, J. Meisner, S. Meymandi, A. D. Hrabar, M. Slanina, D. Jarasuniene, C. Lang, A. Vo, Christian Hamm, H. Gogia, Z. Yuan, T. Mathew, A. Van Dorpe, J. Kettner, M. Barbiero, Harvey D. White, L. Rudenko, V. Jain, M. Carter, David Erlinge, G. Ma, V. Sierkova, D. K. Kim, Steven O. Smith, R. K. Premchand, P. Jetty, J. Y. Hou, V. Simanenkov, T. Kaelsch, David P. Foley, A. Francis, Piotr Ponikowski, Ramón Corbalán, D. Connolly, J. Tuma, R. Zambahari, Miodrag Ostojic, R. Lamich, A. Rabelo Alves, V. Tseluyko, G. Moises Azize, L. Khaisheva, G. Pencheva, C. Ingram, J. Cooke, A. Prado, M. De Tollenaere, M. Kim, Alan Rees, Melanie B. Turner, Mark B. Abelson, H. L. Luciardi, L. Illyes, R. Sarma, L. Manriquez, J. A. Marin Neto, D. Iordachescu-Petica, G. Hoedemaker, Victor S. Gurevich, F. Ridocci, J. Grman, F. Waxman, Jorge F. Saucedo, E. Boughzala, B. S. Jagadesa, Heba Abdullah, A. Weiss, N. Bichan, L. Tami, Y. Bouzid, N. I. Gomez, Zafar Sy, Béla Merkely, J. P. Albisu, L. Rodriguez-Ospina, John C. Chambers, L. L. Lobo Marquez, R. Guan, Steven Georgeson, M. K. Sarna, L. Nogueira Liberato de Sousa, Mika Laine, P. Pimentel Filho, Teresa Kawka-Urbanek, G P Arutyunov, S. Elhadad, A. Dambrauskaite, R. Leon de la Fuente, Audes D. M. Feitosa, P. Baetslé, Abraham Al Ahmad, José Francisco Kerr Saraiva, Roland P.T. Troquay, J. Berlingieri, Margaret Arstall, J. L. Coronado, K. Yang, S. V. Shalaev, Bernard J. Gersh, A. El-Etreby, Elżbieta Zinka, F. De Valais, John E.A. Blair, P. Fajardo, M. Rodriguez, R. Boujnah, H. Hammerman, Y. S. Chong, Stigi Joseph, M. H. Jeong, J. Ge, Q. He, Robert S Iwaoka, Bimal R. Shah, J. Sawhney, T. Sakulsaengprapha, G. Werner, Jill Anderson, M. Hondl, Meinrad Gawaz, Gilmar Reis, M. Dalkowski, Tomáš Janota, M. Damiao Gomes Seabra, A. Dharmadhikari, Aleš Linhart, John Elliott, Kodangudi B. Ramanathan, Doron Zahger, Dilek Ural, L. Regos, F. R. Bolohan, Marcello Galvani, B. Zakhary, N. Qureshi, D. Deac, Maria Emília Figueiredo Teixeira, T. Venter, Santosh Gupta, W. Wright, P. Telekes, A. Furber, V. Nykonov, Zhu Junren, M. Cinteza, I. Lang, S. Junejo, D. Martins, Mauro Esteves Hernandes, G. Ishmurzin, Anthony J. Dalby, R. Scioli, P. Babu, R. Habaluyas, V. Mendoza, G. B. Scaro, Matthew T. Roe, M. Senaratne, D. J. van der Heijden, T. Pillay, Yoav Turgeman, J. Moreira, C. Cuccia, C. Astarita, S. De Servi, Robert G. Wilcox, M. C. Constantinescu, Kardiyoloji, Roe Matthew, T., Armstrong Paul, W., Fox Keith, A. A., White Harvey, D., Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Goodman Shaun, G., Cornel Jan, H., Bhatt Deepak, L., Clemmensen, Peter, Martinez, Felipe, Ardissino, Diego, Nicolau Jose, C., Boden William, E., Gurbel Paul, A., Ruzyllo, Witold, Dalby Anthony, J., McGuire Darren, K., Leiva Pons Jose, L., Parkhomenko, Alexander, Gottlieb, Shmuel, Topacio Gracita, O., Hamm, Christian, Pavlides, Gregory, Goudev Assen, R., Oto, Ali, Tseng Chuen, Den, Merkely, Bela, Gasparovic, Vladimir, Corbalan, Ramon, Cinteza, Mircea, McLendon R., Craig, Winters Kenneth, J., Brown Eileen, B., Lokhnygina, Yuliya, Aylward Philip, E., Huber, Kurt, Hochman Judith, S., Ohman E., Magnu, and Golino, Paolo more...
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Male ,Prasugrel ,Myocardial Infarction ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Piperazines ,Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists ,Myocardial infarction ,education.field_of_study ,Cardiovascular diseases [NCEBP 14] ,Acute Coronary Syndrome ,Aged ,Angina, Unstable ,Aspirin ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Double-Blind Method ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,Follow-Up Studies ,Humans ,Middle Aged ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ,Prasugrel Hydrochloride ,Stroke ,Thiophenes ,Ticlopidine ,Medicine (all) ,Hazard ratio ,Clopidogrel ,Acute Coronary Syndromes ,General Medicine ,Angina ,Combination ,Cardiology ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Acute coronary syndrome ,Population ,Unstable ,Drug Therapy ,General & Internal Medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,education ,Acute coronary syndromes ,Revascularisation ,Unstable angina ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,REVASCULARIZAÇÃO MIOCÁRDICA ,business - Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: The effect of intensified platelet inhibition for patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation who do not undergo revascularization has not been delineated. METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized trial, in a primary analysis involving 7243 patients under the age of 75 years receiving aspirin, we evaluated up to 30 months of treatment with prasugrel (10 mg daily) versus clopidogrel (75 mg daily). In a secondary analysis involving 2083 patients 75 years of age or older, we evaluated 5 mg of prasugrel versus 75 mg of clopidogrel. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 17 months, the primary end point of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke among patients under the age of 75 years occurred in 13.9% of the prasugrel group and 16.0% of the clopidogrel group (hazard ratio in the prasugrel group, 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 1.05; P=0.21). Similar results were observed in the overall population. The prespecified analysis of multiple recurrent ischemic events (all components of the primary end point) suggested a lower risk for prasugrel among patients under the age of 75 years (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.00; P=0.04). Rates of severe and intracranial bleeding were similar in the two groups in all age groups. There was no significant between-group difference in the frequency of nonhemorrhagic serious adverse events, except for a higher frequency of heart failure in the clopidogrel group. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation, prasugrel did not significantly reduce the frequency of the primary end point, as compared with clopidogrel, and similar risks of bleeding were observed. (Funded by Eli Lilly and Daiichi Sankyo; TRILOGY ACS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00699998.). more...
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- 2012
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31. Metal-Binding Properties of Conus Parius Conantokin Variants and Their Inhibitory Effect on the NMDA Receptor
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Brigid Eileen Brown
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- 2010
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32. Human focal cerebral ischemia: evaluation of brain pH and energy metabolism with P-31 NMR spectroscopy
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Steven R. Levine, A. M. Q. Vande Linde, Roger J. Ordidge, Joseph A. Helpern, Eileen Brown, K. L. Sawaya, R. K. Deveshwar, N. M. Ramadan, and K.M.A. Welch
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Alkalosis ,Phosphocreatine ,Intracellular pH ,Ischemia ,Phosphates ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Internal medicine ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Stroke ,Aged ,Acidosis ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Brain ,Phosphorus ,Cerebral Infarction ,Blood flow ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Cerebrovascular Disorders ,chemistry ,Ischemic Attack, Transient ,Cardiology ,Female ,Internal carotid artery ,medicine.symptom ,Energy Metabolism ,business - Abstract
The authors investigated early human focal ischemia with phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 1.89 T to characterize the temporal evolution and relationship of brain pH and phosphate energy metabolism. Data from 65 symptomatic patients were prospectively studied; none of the patients had had ischemic stroke in the internal carotid artery territory before. Twenty-eight neurologically normal individuals served as control subjects. Serial ischemic brain pH levels indicated a progression from early acidosis to subacute alkalosis. When acidosis was present there was a significant elevation in the relative signal intensity of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and significant reductions in signal intensities of alpha-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and gamma-ATP compared with those of control subjects. Ischemic brain pH values directly correlated with the relative signal intensity of phosphocreatine (PCr) and the PCr index and inversely correlated with the signal intensity of Pi. There was a general lack of correlation between either ischemic brain pH or phosphate energy metabolism and the initial clinical stroke severity. The data suggest a link between high-energy phosphate metabolism and brain pH, especially during the period of ischemic brain acidosis, and the authors propose that effective acute stroke therapy should be instituted during this period. more...
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- 1992
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33. Integrated skills reinforcement in the college classroom
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Eileen Brown Pennino
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Pedagogy ,Mathematics education ,General Medicine ,Reinforcement ,Psychology ,College classroom - Published
- 1992
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34. Olanzapine/fluoxetine combination vs. lamotrigine in the 6-month treatment of bipolar I depression
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David H. Adams, David L. Dunner, Mauricio Tohen, Elisabeth K. Degenhardt, John P. Houston, Eileen Brown, Paul E. Keck, and Susan L. McElroy
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Olanzapine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar I disorder ,Bipolar Disorder ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Lamotrigine ,Young Mania Rating Scale ,Gastroenterology ,Severity of Illness Index ,Benzodiazepines ,Young Adult ,Double-Blind Method ,Internal medicine ,Fluoxetine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Psychiatry ,Antipsychotic ,Pharmacology ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Triazines ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Calcium Channel Blockers ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Tolerability ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Mania ,Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To determine the efficacy and tolerability of olanzapine/fluoxetine combination (OFC) compared with lamotrigine (Lam) for long-term treatment of bipolar I depression, this 25-wk, randomized, double-blind study compared OFC (6/25, 6/50, 12/25, or 12/50 mg/d, n=205) with Lam titrated to 200 mg/d (n=205) in patients with bipolar I disorder, depressed. A protocol-specified analysis of 7-wk outcomes was previously reported. Outcome measures included Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness (CGI-S) (primary), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) scores. OFC-treated patients had significantly greater improvement than Lam-treated patients over 25 wk on CGI-S (p=0.008), MADRS (p=0.005), and YMRS (p0.001) scores, and from baseline across visits from week 5 (titration complete) to the end of the study on CGI-S (p=0.043), MADRS (p=0.017), and YMRS (p=0.001) scores. Of patients in remission after the 7-wk acute phase, there was no significant difference between treatment groups in the incidence of relapse (MADRS15, p=0.528). Rate of treatment-emergent mania was not significantly different by treatment (p=0.401). OFC-treated patients had more frequent (p0.05) somnolence, increased appetite, dry mouth, sedation, weight gain, and tremor; Lam-treated patients had more frequent insomnia. There was a significant difference in incidence of treatment-emergent cholesterolor = 240 (p0.001) and in weight gain ofor = 7% (p0.001) in favour of the Lam group. Patients with bipolar I depression had significantly greater symptom improvement over 25 wk on OFC compared with Lam. There was no treatment difference in incidence of relapse. OFC-treated patients had more treatment-emergent adverse events and greater incidence of weight gain and hypercholesterolaemia. more...
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- 2008
35. Time Course of Postischemic Intracellular Alkalosis Reflects the Duration of Ischemia
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Michael Chopp, Eileen Brown, Kma Welch, Hua Chen, and Ana M.Q.Vande Linde
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Alkalosis ,Ischemia ,Brain tissue ,Brain Ischemia ,Cerebral edema ,In vivo ,Internal medicine ,Occlusion ,medicine ,Animals ,business.industry ,Brain ,Rats, Inbred Strains ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Surgery ,Endocrinology ,Neurology ,Time course ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Intracellular - Abstract
We investigated the long-term (up to 1 week) relationships between the duration of cerebral ischemia and postischemic energy metabolic profile, pH, and tissue edema in the rat. Ten rats each were subjected to 8 or 12 min of forebrain ischemia induced by bicarotid occlusion concurrent with systemic hypotension, and the results were compared with those of 10 sham-operated rat controls. In vivo 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed prior to ischemia and at intervals up to 168 h after ischemia. Cerebral edema (measured by specific gravity) was assessed prior to ischemia and at 24, 72, and 168 h after ischemia. The data revealed significant differences in the brain tissue pH profile over time between the ischemic groups (p < 0.03). The 12-min ischemic animals exhibited brain tissue alkalosis (pH = 7.27 ± 0.12) at 24 h compared with both sham (pH = 7.09 ± 0.08) at 24 h and preischemic (pH = 7.06 ± 0.04) pH values. The pH remained alkalotic (pH = 7.23 ± 0.15) through the 48-h time period. In contrast, in the 8-min group, the onset of alkalosis was delayed until 48 h after ischemia (pH = 7.24 ± 0.15), and pH remained alkalotic for only 24 h. No difference in high-energy phosphate metabolism was detected between groups. A different time dependence of tissue pH and specific gravity changes after 12 min of ischemia was detected. The present study suggests that the duration of an ischemic event marks the time of onset of brain tissue alkalosis and its duration and that cerebral edema alone cannot explain the pH changes. more...
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- 1990
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36. Failed efficacy of fluoxetine in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: results of a fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study
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Eileen Brown, Ferenc Martenyi, and Catherine D. Caldwell
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Patient Dropouts ,Time Factors ,Psychometrics ,Placebo-controlled study ,Disorders of Excessive Somnolence ,Placebo ,Drug Administration Schedule ,law.invention ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Randomized controlled trial ,Double-Blind Method ,law ,Fluoxetine ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Treatment Failure ,Neurotransmitter ,Psychiatry ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Headache ,Nausea ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,chemistry ,Withholding Treatment ,Anesthesia ,Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation ,Female ,Serotonin ,Reuptake inhibitor ,Psychology ,Anxiety disorder ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A multicenter, double-blind, 12-week, placebo-controlled trial of 411 randomized patients, predominantly women diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder, failed to show a difference between either dose of fluoxetine treatment and placebo. The mean changes from baseline (SD) measured by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale scores were -42.9 (23.1), -42.8 (27.9), and -36.6 (25.7) in the 20-mg fluoxetine, 40-mg fluoxetine, and placebo arms, respectively. Placebo response rate was substantially higher in this study than in a previously published fluoxetine trial of posttraumatic stress disorder. more...
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- 2007
37. Olanzapine versus risperidone in the treatment of manic or mixed States in bipolar I disorder: a randomized, double-blind trial
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Eileen Brown, Leslie M. Schuh, Roy H. Perlis, Carlos A. Zarate, Robert W. Baker, Mauricio Tohen, and Hassan H. Jamal
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Olanzapine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar I disorder ,Bipolar Disorder ,medicine.drug_class ,Atypical antipsychotic ,Appetite ,Young Mania Rating Scale ,Dizziness ,Benzodiazepines ,Double-Blind Method ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Bipolar disorder ,Least-Squares Analysis ,Psychiatry ,Aged ,Risperidone ,Headache ,Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Female ,Sleep Stages ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Mania ,medicine.drug ,Akathisia, Drug-Induced ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare olanzapine and risperidone in the treatment of nonpsychotic acute manic or mixed episodes. METHOD This 3-week, randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel multicenter study compared olanzapine (5-20 mg/day; N = 165) and risperidone (1-6 mg/day; N = 164) among hospital inpatients who met DSM-IV criteria for bipolar I disorder, manic or mixed episode, without psychotic features. The study was conducted at 30 sites in the United States between July 2001 and June 2002. The primary outcome measure was the mean change in the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) total score. Secondary measures included the 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-21), the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Clinical Global Impressions-Bipolar Version (CGI-BP) severity of illness scale, and the Cognitive Test for Delirium (CTD). Quality of life (Short Form Health Survey [SF-12]), psychological well-being (Psychological General Well-Being [PGWB] inventory), and sexual functioning were also compared. RESULTS Mean modal doses for olanzapine and risperidone were 14.7 mg/day and 3.9 mg/day, respectively. Between treatments, there was no difference in mean change in the YMRS, MADRS, CTD, PGWB, or SF-12 measures or in remission or response rates. Significantly more olanzapine-treated patients completed the study compared with risperidone patients (78.7% vs. 67.0%; p = .019). Olanzapine-treated patients had greater HAM-D-21 (p = .040) and CGI-BP (p = .026) score improvement across the study. Olanzapine-treated patients experienced greater elevations in liver function enzymes (p < .05) and increase in weight (2.5 kg vs. 1.6 kg; p = .004), while risperidone-treated patients were more likely to experience prolactin elevation (51.73 ng/mL vs. 8.23 ng/mL; p < .001) and sexual dysfunction (total score increase of 1.75 vs. 0.64; p = .049). CONCLUSION Both olanzapine and risperidone treatment yielded similar improvements in mania. The olanzapine group had significantly greater improvements in secondary measures of severity and depressive symptoms and better study completion rates but experienced more weight gain. more...
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- 2007
38. Impact of prasugrel pretreatment and timing of coronary artery bypass grafting on clinical outcomes of patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: From the A Comparison of Prasugrel at PCI or Time of Diagnosis of Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (ACCOAST) study
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Accoast Investigators, Petr Widimsky, Debra L. Miller, LeRoy LeNarz, Dariusz Dudek, Leonardo Bolognese, Jurriën M. ten Berg, Gilles Montalescot, Patrick Goldstein, Artur Dziewierz, Christian W. Hamm, Jean-François Tanguay, and Eileen Brown more...
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prasugrel ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Myocardial Infarction ,Revascularization ,Electrocardiography ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Internal medicine ,Preoperative Care ,Humans ,Medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,Myocardial infarction ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Stroke ,Aged ,Prasugrel Hydrochloride ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Middle Aged ,ta3121 ,medicine.disease ,Treatment Outcome ,surgical procedures, operative ,Cardiology ,Female ,Myocardial infarction diagnosis ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,TIMI ,medicine.drug - Abstract
We evaluated impact of timing of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and prasugrel pretreatment in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing CABG in the ACCOAST study.Of 4033 enrolled patients, 314 (7.8%) underwent isolated CABG through 30 days. Primary efficacy end point for this analysis was any cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, urgent revascularization, or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor bailout through 30 days.More CABG versus percutaneous coronary intervention or medically managed patients were men, diabetic, or had peripheral arterial disease. Per randomization, 157 of 314 patients received a 30-mg prasugrel loading dose before CABG, and 157 of 314 received placebo. Patients were stratified by tertile of time from randomization to CABG:2.98 days (n = 104), ≥2.98 and6.95 days (n = 106), and ≥6.95 days (n = 104). Primary end point occurred in 12.5%, 4.7%, and 4.8%, respectively (2.98 days vs other tertiles, hazard ratio [HR] = 2.80; P = .011). Similarly, the rate of all TIMI major bleeding was highest in the lowest tertile (26.0% vs 10.4% and 4.8%; P.001), but no difference in all-cause death was observed through 30 days (3.9% vs 1.9% and 1.9%; P = .30). Time from randomization to CABG (HR = 0.84 for each day delay), left main disease (HR = 1.76), region of enrollment (Non-Eastern Europe vs Eastern Europe; HR = 3.83), but not prasugrel pretreatment and baseline troponin ≥3× upper limit of normal, were independent predictors of combined 30-day end point of all-cause death/myocardial infarction/stroke/TIMI major bleeding.In ACCOAST, early (2.98 days) surgical revascularization carried increased risk of bleeding and ischemic complications without affecting all-cause mortality through 30 days. Baseline troponin and prasugrel pretreatment did not impact ischemic clinical outcomes. more...
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Fluoxetine 40-60 mg versus fluoxetine 20 mg in the treatment of children and adolescents with a less-than-complete response to nine-week treatment with fluoxetine 10-20 mg: a pilot study
- Author
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Stuart L. Kaplan, Mary E. Nilsson, Sharon L. Hoog, Robert L. Findling, Eileen Brown, Karen Dineen Wagner, John H. Heiligenstein, Nora Galil, Joan Busner, and Jennie G. Jacobson
- Subjects
Fluoxetine 20 MG ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Pilot Projects ,Personality Disorders ,Drug Administration Schedule ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Fluoxetine ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Psychiatry ,Child ,Complete response ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Anesthesia ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Day treatment ,Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation ,Female ,Psychology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare fluoxetine dosage titration to 40-60 mg/day with fixed fluoxetine 20-mg/day treatment for an additional 10 weeks in pediatric outpatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who had not met protocol-defined response criteria after 9-week acute fluoxetine treatment.Patients unresponsive (less than or equal to 30% decrease in Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised [CDRS-R] score) after 9-week fluoxetine treatment were randomly reassigned to continue at 20 mg/day or to increase to 40 mg/day. After 4 weeks, patients unresponsive to 40 mg/day could receive 60 mg/day.Twenty-nine (29) patients, 9-17 years of age, received fluoxetine 40-60 mg/day (n = 14) or 20 mg/day (n = 15). At the conclusion of this study phase, 10 patients (71%) on 40-60 mg/day met the response criteria, versus 5 patients (36%) on 20 mg/day (p = 0.128). Mean CDRS-R scores improved in both treatment groups (fluoxetine 40-60 mg/day, -9.4; fluoxetine 20 mg/day, -1.5; p = 0.099). Adverse events were similar in both groups. However, this study phase was statistically underpowered for detecting differences between treatment groups.More than two thirds of patients whose dosage was increased responded within 10 weeks, suggesting dose escalation may benefit some patients. Approximately one third of patients unresponsive to initial treatment with fluoxetine 20 mg responded to this fixed dosage within another 10 weeks. Fluoxetine 20-60 mg/day was well tolerated. more...
- Published
- 2006
40. Budget fails aged-care workers and older people
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Eileen, Brown
- Subjects
Budgets ,Financing, Government ,Geriatric Nursing ,National Health Programs ,Health Services for the Aged ,Nursing Assistants ,Humans ,Home Care Services ,Needs Assessment ,Aged ,New Zealand - Published
- 2006
41. Making an informed voting choice
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Eileen, Brown
- Subjects
Employment ,National Health Programs ,Labor Unions ,Salaries and Fringe Benefits ,Societies, Nursing ,Decision Making ,Politics ,Humans ,New Zealand - Published
- 2006
42. Clinical features of bipolar depression versus major depressive disorder in large multicenter trials
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Andrew A. Nierenberg, Roy H. Perlis, Eileen Brown, and Robert W. Baker
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Cohort Studies ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Prevalence of mental disorders ,Rating scale ,Recurrence ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Ambulatory Care ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Bipolar disorder ,Family history ,Major depressive episode ,Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,Models, Statistical ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Logistic Models ,ROC Curve ,Major depressive disorder ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
Failure to recognize bipolar disorder in patients who experience a major depressive episode may lead to inappropriate treatment and poorer outcomes. Clinical features that could distinguish bipolar from unipolar depression would facilitate more appropriate treatment selection.The authors used data from nonpsychotic outpatients participating in three large multicenter clinical trials conducted in the United States for the treatment of major depressive episodes to compare 477 subjects with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and 1,074 with major depressive disorder.Bipolar depression was associated with family history of bipolar disorder, an earlier age at onset, a greater previous number of depressive episodes, and eight individual symptom items on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Fears were more common in patients with bipolar disorder, whereas sadness; insomnia; intellectual (cognitive), somatic (muscular), respiratory, genitourinary complaints; and depressed behavior were more common in patients with unipolar depression. A logistic regression model correctly classified 86.9% of the subjects.Bipolar depression and major depressive disorder exhibit subtle differences in presentation, which may help guide the initial diagnosis. more...
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- 2006
43. Clinical relevance of depressive symptom improvement in bipolar I depressed patients
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Jonna Ahl, Mauricio Tohen, Robert W. Baker, D. Williamson, Eileen Brown, and Roy H. Perlis
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Placebo ,Severity of Illness Index ,Drug Administration Schedule ,law.invention ,Benzodiazepines ,Randomized controlled trial ,Double-Blind Method ,Rating scale ,law ,Internal medicine ,Fluoxetine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Severity of illness ,medicine ,Humans ,Bipolar disorder ,Psychiatry ,business.industry ,Depression ,Repeated measures design ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Treatment Outcome ,Olanzapine ,Clinical Global Impression ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,business ,Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors - Abstract
Gaps remain between rating scale changes obtained in a clinical trial and what those results mean in clinical practice.To better understand the relevance of results from a clinical trial we examined the relationship between rating scale measures and the clinicians' assessment of illness severity.Data from a randomized double-blind 8-week study of bipolar I depression were examined post hoc in patients who received placebo (PLA, n = 355), olanzapine (n = 351) (OLZ, 5 to 20 mg/d), or olanzapine-fluoxetine combination (n = 82) (OFC, 6 and 25, 6 and 50, or 12 and 50 mg/d). Principal components analysis identified related symptoms (factors) from Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) item scores. Regression analysis examined baseline to endpoint changes in factor scores and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scores. Mixed-effects model repeated measures analysis assessed differences between treatment groups.MADRS factors identified were: sadness, negative thoughts, detachment, and neurovegetative symptoms. Factor and CGI scores were significantly reduced from baseline to endpoint (LOCF) in the combination therapy group as compared with placebo (p.01). Changes in factor scores were highly correlated (p.001) with changes in the CGI. Over 80% of this treatment effect was attributable to indirect effects of improvements in the MADRS factors, the remaining difference could not be explained even when changes in the YMRS and HAMA scores were included in the analytical model.The changes in MADRS factors were closely aligned with the clinician's assessment of overall depression severity, which may suggest a high degree of clinical relevance for differences observed between treatments. more...
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- 2005
44. Efficacy of olanzapine combined with valproate or lithium in the treatment of dysphoric mania
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Eileen Brown, Hagop S. Akiskal, Joseph R. Calabrese, John G. Watkin, Mauricio Tohen, Robert W. Baker, Terence A. Ketter, Leslie M. Schuh, and Paula T. Trzepacz
- Subjects
Olanzapine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Lithium (medication) ,medicine.drug_class ,Young Mania Rating Scale ,Placebo ,03 medical and health sciences ,Benzodiazepines ,0302 clinical medicine ,Double-Blind Method ,Lithium Carbonate ,Antimanic Agents ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Bipolar disorder ,Psychiatry ,Depressive Disorder ,business.industry ,Valproic Acid ,Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ,Mood stabilizer ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Mania ,medicine.drug ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
BackgroundFew controlled studies examine the treatment of depressive features in mania.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy of olanzapine, in combination with lithium or valproate, for treating depressive symptoms associated with mania.MethodSecondary analysis of a 6-week, double-blind, randomised study of olanzapine (5–20 mg/day) or placebo combined with ongoing valproate or lithium open treatment for 344 patients in mixed or manic episodes. This analysis focused on a dysphoric subgroup with baseline Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) total scores of 20 or over contrasted with non-dysphoric patients.ResultsIn the dysphoric subgroup (n=85) mean HRSD total score improvement was significantly greater in olanzapine co-therapy patients than in those receiving placebo plus lithium or valproate (PP=0.013) and the suicide item (P=0.001). Total Young Mania Rating Scale improvement was also superior with olanzapine co-therapy.ConclusionsIn patients with acute dysphoric mania, addition of olanzapine to ongoing lithium or valproate monotherapy significantly improved depressive symptom, mania and suicidality ratings. more...
- Published
- 2004
45. The world of nursing education funding
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Eileen, Brown
- Subjects
Attitude of Health Personnel ,Health Policy ,Financing, Organized ,Humans ,Training Support ,Education, Nursing, Graduate ,New Zealand - Published
- 2004
46. Duloxetine 60 mg once-daily in the treatment of painful physical symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder
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Madelaine M. Wohlreich, Eileen Brown, Craig H. Mallinckrodt, John G. Watkin, Stephen K. Brannan, and Alan F. Schatzberg
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Administration, Oral ,Pain ,Thiophenes ,Duloxetine Hydrochloride ,Placebo ,Severity of Illness Index ,Drug Administration Schedule ,Placebos ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Double-Blind Method ,Back pain ,medicine ,Duloxetine ,Humans ,Brief Pain Inventory ,Biological Psychiatry ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,business.industry ,Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Antidepressive Agents ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Clinical Global Impression ,Major depressive disorder ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
While emotional symptoms such as depressed mood and loss of interest have traditionally been considered to constitute the core symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), the prevalence and importance of painful physical symptoms such as back pain, abdominal pain, and musculoskeletal pain is becoming increasingly appreciated. Antidepressants possessing dual serotonin/norepinephrine (5-HT/NE) reuptake inhibition may demonstrate greater efficacy in the alleviation of pain. The efficacy of duloxetine, a balanced and potent dual reuptake inhibitor of 5-HT and NE, was evaluated within a cohort of depressed patients with associated painful physical symptoms.In this multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for MDD were randomized to receive placebo (N=141) or duloxetine 60 mg QD (N=141). Patients were required to have a 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD17) total score 15, a Clinical Global Impression of Severity (CGI-S) score 4, and a Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Average Pain score 2 at baseline. The primary efficacy measure was the BPI Average Pain score, while secondary measures included other BPI items, the HAMD17 total score, CGI-S, the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scale, Visual Analog Scales (VAS) for pain, and the Symptom Questionnaire, Somatic Subscale (SQSS). Safety was evaluated by recording treatment-emergent adverse events (spontaneously reported), vital signs, and laboratory analytes.Mean changes in BPI Average Pain for duloxetine- and placebo-treated patients differed significantly at most visits, but only approached significance at endpoint p=0.066. For the main effect of treatment (pooling all visits), significant advantages for duloxetine-treated patients were found in 10 of 11 assessed BPI pain severity and pain interference items, in addition to VAS overall pain and back pain. Mean changes in pain measures for duloxetine-treated patients corresponded to improvements of 25-50%, compared with 19-39% for placebo. Mean changes at endpoint in depression rating scales (HAMD17, CGI-S, PGI-I) did not differ significantly between duloxetine and placebo treatment groups due to unusually high placebo response. The magnitude of placebo treatment effects (as measured by HAMD17 total score and Maier subscale) was significantly smaller in patients with 1 previous depressive episode, compared to those patients with no previous episodes. In patients with 1 previous depressive episode the advantage of duloxetine over placebo was similar to previous studies. Rates of discontinuation due to adverse events were 14.2% vs. 2.1% for duloxetine and placebo, respectively p0.001. Treatment-emergent adverse events reported at a significantly higher rate by duloxetine-treated patients included nausea, dry mouth, fatigue, and decreased appetite.In this study, duloxetine (60 mg QD) was shown to be an effective treatment for the painful physical symptoms which are frequently associated with depression. Improvements in pain severity occurred independently of changes in depressive symptom severity. more...
- Published
- 2004
47. Why mandatory staffing levels are needed in aged-care
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Eileen, Brown
- Subjects
Geriatric Nursing ,Personnel Staffing and Scheduling ,Workforce ,Humans ,Nursing Staff ,Aged ,Nursing Homes - Published
- 2003
48. Acute dysphoric mania: treatment response to olanzapine versus placebo
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Jan Fawcett, Lixin Shao, Mauricio Tohen, Virginia L. Stauffer, Gary D. Tollefson, Eileen Brown, Robert W. Baker, Leslie M. Schuh, and Richard C. Risser
- Subjects
Olanzapine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Treatment response ,Bipolar Disorder ,Placebo ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Dysphoria ,Benzodiazepines ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Psychiatry ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Dopamine antagonist ,Pirenzepine ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Affect ,Mood ,Treatment Outcome ,Concomitant ,Acute Disease ,behavior and behavior mechanisms ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Mania ,medicine.drug ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
A substantial number of patients with mania have significant concomitant depressive features, and they may respond differently to mood stabilizers than patients with pure mania. This post-hoc analysis explored the response characteristics of olanzapine versus placebo in bipolar I manic patients with dysphoric and nondysphoric mania (differentiated by baseline Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAM-D] score of20). Two similar, double-blind, randomized trials comparing olanzapine, 5-20 mg, to placebo were pooled for these analyses (N = 246). Mean changes in Young-Mania Rating Scale (Y-MRS) and HAM-D scores during 3 weeks of treatment were examined. Twenty-eight percent of patients had dysphoric mania (olanzapine, n = 33; placebo, n = 35). Among these patients, olanzapine-treated patients had greater improvement within 1 week than did placebo-treated patients on both mania ratings (Y-MRS: -9.7 vs. -3.0 points; = 0.011) and depressive symptom ratings (HAM-D: -9.9 vs. -5.4 points; = 0.025). Among those manic subjects without prominent depressive symptoms (olanzapine, n = 91; placebo, n = 87), mean Y-MRS improvement from baseline to endpoint with olanzapine (-11.5 points) versus placebo (-6.13 points) was comparable to the improvement seen with olanzapine versus placebo in the dysphoric mania subgroup ( = 0.476, test of interaction). In acutely ill manic patients with significant depressive symptoms, olanzapine demonstrated a broad spectrum of efficacy, effectively treating both manic and depressive symptoms. The magnitude of the antimanic response appears similar, regardless of baseline depressive features. Additional experience with putative mood stabilizers and atypical agents in mixed mania should include an exploration of their efficacy in treating both manic and depressive mood symptoms. more...
- Published
- 2003
49. Avoiding back injuries and managing back pain
- Author
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Eileen, Brown
- Subjects
Occupational Diseases ,Back Pain ,Back Injuries ,Accidents, Occupational ,Humans ,Guidelines as Topic ,Occupational Health - Published
- 2002
50. Regulating health professionals
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Eileen, Brown
- Subjects
Humans ,Nursing Staff ,Clinical Competence ,Patient Advocacy ,Mandatory Reporting ,New Zealand - Published
- 2002
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