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1. Developmental Differences in Probabilistic Reversal Learning: A Computational Modeling Approach

Author

Eileen Oberwelland Weiss, Jana A. Kruppa, Gereon R. Fink, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Kerstin Konrad, and Martin Schulte-Rüther

Subjects
cognitive flexibility, executive functioning, development, reinforcement learning, feedback processing, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Cognitive flexibility helps us to navigate through our ever-changing environment and has often been examined by reversal learning paradigms. Performance in reversal learning can be modeled using computational modeling which allows for the specification of biologically plausible models to infer psychological mechanisms. Although such models are increasingly used in cognitive neuroscience, developmental approaches are still scarce. Additionally, though most reversal learning paradigms have a comparable design regarding timing and feedback contingencies, the type of feedback differs substantially between studies. The present study used hierarchical Gaussian filter modeling to investigate cognitive flexibility in reversal learning in children and adolescents and the effect of various feedback types. The results demonstrate that children make more overall errors and regressive errors (when a previously learned response rule is chosen instead of the new correct response after the initial shift to the new correct target), but less perseverative errors (when a previously learned response set continues to be used despite a reversal) adolescents. Analyses of the extracted model parameters of the winning model revealed that children seem to use new and conflicting information less readily than adolescents to update their stimulus-reward associations. Furthermore, more subclinical rigidity in everyday life (parent-ratings) is related to less explorative choice behavior during the probabilistic reversal learning task. Taken together, this study provides first-time data on the development of the underlying processes of cognitive flexibility using computational modeling.

Published
2021
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2. Consortium neuroscience of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder

Author

Mara Parellada, Kerstin Konrad, Mark A. Bellgrove, Stefan Ehrlich, Thomas Frodl, Ruth O'Gorman Tuura, Evdokia Anagnostou, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, David Coghill, Clyde Francks, Georgii Karkashadze, Damien A. Fair, Francisco X. Castellanos, Oscar Vilarroya, Eugenio H. Grevet, Yash Patel, Eileen Daly, Clodagh M. Murphy, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Kirsten O'Hearn, Claiton H.D. Bau, Jeffery N. Epstein, Daan van Rooij, Liesbeth Reneman, Eileen Oberwelland-Weiss, Timothy J. Silk, Yanli Zhang-James, Christine M. Freitag, Jane McGrath, Tomáš Paus, Jan Haavik, Louise Gallagher, Ting Li, Merel Postema, Celso Arango, Barbara Franke, Sara Calderoni, Jaap Oosterlaan, Andreas Reif, Paulo Mattos, Iva Ilioska, Leanne Tamm, Paul M. Thompson, Joost Janssen, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Neda Jahanshad, Jacqueline Fitzgerald, Odile A. van den Heuvel, Pedro G.P. Rosa, Tobias Banaschewski, Joseph A. King, Katya Rubia, Christine Deruelle, Marieke Klein, Stephen V. Faraone, Philip Shaw, Premika S.W. Boedhoe, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Luisa Lázaro, Alessandra Retico, Jan K. Buitelaar, Paul Pauli, Guillaume Auzias, Joel T. Nigg, Christine Ecker, Annette Conzelmann, Jonna Kuntsi, Sarah Durston, Beatriz Luna, Silvia Brem, Marlene Behrmann, Jason P. Lerch, Susanne Walitza, Martine Hoogman, Filippo Muratori, Ilan Dinstein, Rosa Calvo, Mario Rodrigues Louzã, Geraldo F. Busatto, Daniel Brandeis, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Neurology, Autism Spectrum Disorder, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CHILDREN, Review Article, 0302 clinical medicine, Transtorno do espectro autista, pathology [Brain], 130 000 Cognitive Neurology & Memory, GENETIC INFLUENCES, Neurociències, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Review Articles, Mapeamento encefálico, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, LIFE-SPAN, neuroimaging, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Consórcios de saúde, 05 social sciences, ENIGMA, Brain, 220 Statistical Imaging Neuroscience, Transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade, Autism spectrum disorders, Cerebral cortex, Trastorns de l'espectre autista, 3. Good health, IMAGING FINDINGS, Escorça cerebral, cortex, Autism spectrum disorder, Cortex, Trastorns per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat en els adults, Anatomy, Psychology, diagnostic imaging [Autism Spectrum Disorder], Clinical psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER, BRAIN ABNORMALITIES, ADHD, ASD, subcortical volumes, Brain Structure and Function, Neuroimaging, pathology [Autism Spectrum Disorder], behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, mental disorders, medicine, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, ddc:610, diagnostic imaging [Brain], METAANALYSIS, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Neurosciences, pathology [Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity], medicine.disease, Mental health, Subcortical volumes, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in adults, Autism, diagnostic imaging [Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity], Neurology (clinical), Working group, 170 000 Motivational & Cognitive Control, CORTICAL THICKNESS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Human brain mapping 43(1), 37-55 (2022). doi:10.1002/hbm.25029 special issue: "Special Issue: The ENIGMA Consortium: the first 10 years / Issue Edited by: P.M. Thompson, N. Jahanshad, L. Schmaal, J.A. Turner, A. Winkler, S.I. Thomopoulos, G.F. Egan, P. Kochunov", Published by Wiley-Liss, New York, NY

Published
2022
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3. Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets

Author

Dirk J. Heslenfeld, Merel Postema, Paul M. Thompson, Sarah Baumeister, Tiffany M. Chaim-Avancini, Catharina A. Hartman, Sara Lera-Miguel, Patrick de Zeeuw, Sara Ambrosino, Neil A. Harrison, Marcus V. Zanetti, Philip Asherson, Joel T. Nigg, Liesbeth Reneman, David Coghill, Gustavo Sudre, Alysa E. Doyle, Francisco X. Castellanos, Tobias Banaschewski, Oscar Vilarroya, Mario Rodrigues Louzã, Kaylita Chantiluke, Annette Conzelmann, Georg G. von Polier, Lizanne J. S. Schweren, Anastasia Christakou, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Sarah Durston, Simon E. Fisher, Yuliya N. Yoncheva, Jochen Seitz, David C. Glahn, Timothy J. Silk, Norbert Skokauskas, Mark A. Bellgrove, Damien A. Fair, Geraldo F. Busatto, Georg C. Ziegler, Eric Earl, Yannis Paloyelis, Jeffery N. Epstein, Jaap Oosterlaan, Clare Kelly, Paulo Mattos, Gregor Kohls, Jan Haavik, Joseph Biederman, Janita Bralten, Neda Jahanshad, Claiton H.D. Bau, Thomas Ethofer, Paul Pauli, Cibele Edom Bandeira, Andreas Reif, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Theo G.M. van Erp, Susanne Walitza, Marie F. Høvik, Sarah Hohmann, Barbara Franke, Luisa Lázaro, Thomas Frodl, Tinatin Gogberashvili, Jonna Kuntsi, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Daniel Brandeis, Stephanie E. Novotny, Martine Hoogman, Juan Carlos Soliva Vila, Anouk Schrantee, Rosa Nicolau, Kerstin Konrad, Eileen Oberwelland Weiss, Ruth O'Gorman Tuura, Bernd Kardatzki, Felipe Almeida Picon, Hazel McCarthy, Yolanda Vives-Gilabert, Ana Cubillo, Charles B Malpas, Mara Cercignani, Astri J. Lundervold, Michael C. Stevens, Eugenio H. Grevet, Katya Rubia, Renata B. Cupertino, Philip Shaw, Georgii Karkashadze, Fernanda Tovar-Moll, Bob Oranje, Leyla Namazova-Baranova, A.A. Baranov, Andreas J. Fallgatter, Leanne Tamm, Terry L. Jernigan, Matt C. Gabel, Clyde Francks, Pedro G.P. Rosa, Stephen V. Faraone, Jan K. Buitelaar, Kerstin J. Plessen, Silvia Brem, Sarah E. Medland, Alasdair Vance, Ramona Baur-Streubel, ENIGMA ADHD Working Group, General Paediatrics, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, APH - Mental Health, APH - Personalized Medicine, ANS - Brain Imaging, ANS - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Institut Català de la Salut, [Postema MC] Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. [Hoogman M] Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Ambrosino S] NICHE lab, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Asherson P] Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK. [Banaschewski T] Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. [Bandeira CE] Adulthood ADHD Outpatient Program (ProDAH), Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. [Ramos-Quiroga JA] Servei de Psiquiatria, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Grup de Recerca en Psiquiatria, Salut Mental i Addiccions, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Cognitive Psychology, IBBA, Clinical Neuropsychology, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Pediatric surgery, and Radiology and nuclear medicine

Subjects
Dominància cerebral, trastornos mentales::trastornos del desarrollo neurológico::trastornos generalizados del desarrollo del niño::trastorno del espectro del autismo [PSIQUIATRÍA Y PSICOLOGÍA], Autism Spectrum Disorder, Caudate nucleus, Attention-deficit, Audiology, sistema nervioso::sistema nervioso central::encéfalo [ANATOMÍA], 0302 clinical medicine, Mental Disorders::Neurodevelopmental Disorders::Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders::Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity [PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOLOGY], 130 000 Cognitive Neurology & Memory, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Brain asymmetry, Child, media_common, large-scale data, brain laterality, 05 social sciences, scale data, Brain, hyperactivity disorder, brain asymmetry, structural MRI, Mental Disorders::Neurodevelopmental Disorders::Child Development Disorders, Pervasive::Autism Spectrum Disorder [PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOLOGY], Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychiatry and Mental health, Globus pallidus, Attention&#8208, Autism spectrum disorder, Psychology, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Neuroinformatics, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, deficit, Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain [ANATOMY], Asymmetry, behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Age groups, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, ddc:610, large&#8208, Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/diagnostic imaging [Other subheadings], Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/diagnóstico por imagen [Otros calificadores], Cervell - Imatgeria, medicine.disease, Trastorn per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Orbitofrontal cortex, Caudate Nucleus, trastornos mentales::trastornos del desarrollo neurológico::trastornos conductuales disruptivos y déficit de atención::trastornos de déficit de atención con hiperactividad [PSIQUIATRÍA Y PSICOLOGÍA], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Objective Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium. Methods We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modeling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries. Results There was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t = 2.1, p = .04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t = 2.7, p = .01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen’s d from −0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study-wide correction for multiple testing. Conclusion Prior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely underpowered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait., Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62 (10), ISSN:0021-9630, ISSN:1469-7610

Published
2021
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4. Brain and motor synchrony in children and adolescents with ASD—a fNIRS hyperscanning study

Author

Jana A. Kruppa, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Kerstin Konrad, Julia Prinz, Christian Gerloff, Vanessa Reindl, Martin Schulte-Rüther, and Eileen Oberwelland Weiss

Subjects
Adult, Male, Parents, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Autism Spectrum Disorder, parent–child interaction, Cognitive Neuroscience, Wavelet coherence, AcademicSubjects/SCI01880, Significant group, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Original Manuscript, Audiology, motor synchrony, 050105 experimental psychology, fNIRS hyperscanning, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Matched sample, ddc:610, Child, Brain Mapping, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Mechanism (biology), brain-to-brain-synchrony, 05 social sciences, Brain, General Medicine, Coherence (statistics), medicine.disease, Social relation, Frontopolar cortex, Autism spectrum disorder, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Brain-to-brain synchrony has been proposed as an important mechanism underlying social interaction. While first findings indicate that it may be modulated in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), no study to date has investigated the influence of different interaction partners and task characteristics. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning, we assessed brain-to-brain synchrony in 41 male typically developing (TD) children (8–18 years; control sample), as well as 18 children with ASD and age-matched TD children (matched sample), while performing cooperative and competitive tasks with their parents and an adult stranger. Dyads were instructed either to respond jointly in response to a target (cooperation) or to respond faster than the other player (competition). Wavelet coherence was calculated for oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin brain signals. In the control sample, a widespread enhanced coherence was observed for parent–child competition, and a more localized coherence for parent–child cooperation in the frontopolar cortex. While behaviorally, children with ASD showed a lower motor synchrony than children in the TD group, no significant group differences were observed on the neural level. In order to identify biomarkers for typical and atypical social interactions in the long run, more research is needed to investigate the neurobiological underpinnings of reduced synchrony in ASD.

Published
2021
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5. Subcortical brain volume, regional cortical thickness, and cortical surface area across disorders:Findings from the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD working groups

Author

Pedro Moreira, Ruth O'Gorman Tuura, Mara Cercignani, Philip Aherson, Maria Jalbrzikowski, Kate D. Fitzgerald, Declan G. Murphy, Bernd Kardatzki, Christine Ecker, David F. Tolin, Fern Jaspers-Fayer, Pedro Morgado, Juan Carlos Soliva Vila, Kang Ik K. Cho, Kathrin Koch, Timothy J. Silk, Philip R. Szeszko, Thomas Frodl, Mara Parellada, Shlomi Haar, Eileen Daly, Bob Oranje, Anouk Schrantee, Leyla Namazova-Baranova, Joseph A. King, Beatriz Luna, Silvia Brem, Eric Earl, Alasdair Vance, Michela Tosetti, Christine Deruelle, Ramona Baur-Streubel, Jackie Fitzgerald, Kirsten O'Hearn, Michael C. Stevens, Yoshiyuki Hirano, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Erika L. Nurmi, Kaylita Chantiluke, Joseph O'Neill, Kerstin Kohls, Olga Puig, Devon Shook, Clodagh M. Murphy, Gustavo Sudre, Marlene Behrmann, Jaap Oosterlaan, Tinatin Gogberashvili, Lianne Schmaal, Carles Soriano-Mas, Liesbeth Hoekstra, Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín, Noam Soreni, Marcel P. Zwiers, Paulo Mattos, Gregor Kohls, Andreas J. Fallgatter, Tiffany M. Chaim-Avancini, Alexander Baranov, S. Evelyn Stewart, Sara Dallaspezia, Gianfranco Spalletta, Jonna Kuntsi, Lizanne J. S. Schweren, Joel T. Nigg, Leanne Tamm, Premika S.W. Boedhoe, Adriana Di Martino, Jane McGrath, Marcelo C. Batistuzzo, Norbert Skokauskas, Filippo Muratori, John Piacentini, Jean-Paul Fouche, Sarah Baumeister, Alan Anticevic, Neil A. Harrison, Christine M. Freitag, Pedro G.P. Rosa, Stephen V. Faraone, Ana Cubillo, David Mataix-Cols, Yuki Sakai, Stefan Ehrlich, Eileen Oberwelland Weiss, Fabrizio Piras, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, Je-Yeon Yun, Paul Pauli, Catharina A. Hartman, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy, Charles B Malpas, Jan C. Beucke, José M. Menchón, Egill A. Fridgeirsson, Margot J. Taylor, Mauricio Moller Martinho, H. Blair Simpson, Jan K. Buitelaar, Gerd Kvale, Ivanei E. Bramati, Aki Tsuchiyagaito, Susanne Walitza, Irene Bollettini, Jeffery N. Epstein, Anders M. Dale, Thomas Ethofer, Terry L. Jernigan, David Coghill, Rachel Marsh, Andreas Reif, Astri J. Lundervold, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Oana Georgiana Rus, Damiaan Denys, Gregory L. Wallace, Matt C. Gabel, Hazel McCarthy, Sarah Hohmann, Rosa Nicolau, Stephanie H. Ameis, Neda Jahanshad, Takashi Nakamae, Xin Feng, Emily R. Stern, Georg G. von Polier, Yanni Liu, Paulo Marques, Anushree Bose, Hao Hu, Sara Lera-Miguel, Deniz A. Gürsel, Jochen Seitz, Jos W. R. Twisk, Mario Rodrigues Louzã, Clare Kelly, Annette Conzelmann, Alysa E. Doyle, Odile A. van den Heuvel, Anthony A. James, Chris Perriello, Joost Janssen, Damien A. Fair, Norbert Kathmann, Francisco X. Castellanos, Paul D. Arnold, Oscar Vilarroya, Geraldo F. Busatto, Federica Piras, Pino Alonso, Akiko Nakagawa, Sarah Durston, Lena Schwarz, Mitul A. Mehta, Dan J. Stein, Celso Arango, Daan van Rooij, Ilan Dinstein, Anastasia Christakou, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Kerstin J. Plessen, Jennifer Fedor, Yolanda Vives-Gilabert, Ilaria Gori, Louise Gallagher, Brian P. Brennan, Yuqi Cheng, Barbara Franke, Sabin Khadka, Stephanie E. Novotny, Martine Hoogman, Georgii Karkashadze, Georg C. Ziegler, Yuliya N. Yoncheva, Rosa Calvo, Thomas Wolfers, Marcelo Q. Hoexter, Benjamin A. Ely, Masaru Kuno, Alessandra Retico, Yoshinari Abe, Geoffrey B. Hall, Tobias Banaschewski, Anatoly Anikin, Christine Lochner, Astrid Morer, Guido van Wingen, Jan Haavik, Joseph Biederman, Luisa Lázaro, Francesco Benedetti, Fengfeng Zhou, Guillaume Auzias, Daniel Brandeis, Dmitry Kapilushniy, Katya Rubia, Philip Shaw, Christian Kaufmann, Sara Calderoni, Marcus V. Zanetti, Anastasia Solovieva, Zhen Wang, Francesca Assogna, Jamie D. Feusner, Chaim Huyser, Fernanda Tovar-Moll, Theo G.M. van Erp, Y.C. Janardhan Reddy, Jun Soo Kwon, Yannis Paloyelis, Anna Calvo, Patricia Gruner, Kathrin C. Zierhut, Liesbeth Reneman, Tomohiro Nakao, Janita Bralten, Marie F. Høvik, Mark A. Bellgrove, Maarten Mennes, Paul M. Thompson, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epidemiology and Data Science, Pediatric surgery, Radiology and nuclear medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Psychiatry, APH - Methodology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Boedhoe, Premika S W, van Rooij, Daan, Hoogman, Martine, Twisk, Jos W R, Schmaal, Lianne, Abe, Yoshinari, Alonso, Pino, Ameis, Stephanie H, Anikin, Anatoly, Anticevic, Alan, Arango, Celso, Arnold, Paul D, Asherson, Philip, Assogna, Francesca, Auzias, Guillaume, Banaschewski, Tobia, Baranov, Alexander, Batistuzzo, Marcelo C, Baumeister, Sarah, Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Behrmann, Marlene, Bellgrove, Mark A, Benedetti, Francesco, Beucke, Jan C, Biederman, Joseph, Bollettini, Irene, Bose, Anushree, Bralten, Janita, Bramati, Ivanei E, Brandeis, Daniel, Brem, Silvia, Brennan, Brian P, Busatto, Geraldo F, Calderoni, Sara, Calvo, Anna, Calvo, Rosa, Castellanos, Francisco X, Cercignani, Mara, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M, Chantiluke, Kaylita C, Cheng, Yuqi, Cho, Kang Ik K, Christakou, Anastasia, Coghill, David, Conzelmann, Annette, Cubillo, Ana I, Dale, Anders M, Dallaspezia, Sara, Daly, Eileen, Denys, Damiaan, Deruelle, Christine, Di Martino, Adriana, Dinstein, Ilan, Doyle, Alysa E, Durston, Sarah, Earl, Eric A, Ecker, Christine, Ehrlich, Stefan, Ely, Benjamin A, Epstein, Jeffrey N, Ethofer, Thoma, Fair, Damien A, Fallgatter, Andreas J, Faraone, Stephen V, Fedor, Jennifer, Feng, Xin, Feusner, Jamie D, Fitzgerald, Jackie, Fitzgerald, Kate D, Fouche, Jean-Paul, Freitag, Christine M, Fridgeirsson, Egill A, Frodl, Thoma, Gabel, Matt C, Gallagher, Louise, Gogberashvili, Tinatin, Gori, Ilaria, Gruner, Patricia, Gürsel, Deniz A, Haar, Shlomi, Haavik, Jan, Hall, Geoffrey B, Harrison, Neil A, Hartman, Catharina A, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Hirano, Yoshiyuki, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Hoexter, Marcelo Q, Hohmann, Sarah, Høvik, Marie F, Hu, Hao, Huyser, Chaim, Jahanshad, Neda, Jalbrzikowski, Maria, James, Anthony, Janssen, Joost, Jaspers-Fayer, Fern, Jernigan, Terry L, Kapilushniy, Dmitry, Kardatzki, Bernd, Karkashadze, Georgii, Kathmann, Norbert, Kaufmann, Christian, Kelly, Clare, Khadka, Sabin, King, Joseph A, Koch, Kathrin, Kohls, Gregor, Konrad, Kerstin, Kuno, Masaru, Kuntsi, Jonna, Kvale, Gerd, Kwon, Jun Soo, Lázaro, Luisa, Lera-Miguel, Sara, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Hoekstra, Liesbeth, Liu, Yanni, Lochner, Christine, Louza, Mario R, Luna, Beatriz, Lundervold, Astri J, Malpas, Charles B, Marques, Paulo, Marsh, Rachel, Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Mataix-Cols, David, Mattos, Paulo, Mccarthy, Hazel, Mcgrath, Jane, Mehta, Mitul A, Menchón, José M, Mennes, Maarten, Martinho, Mauricio Moller, Moreira, Pedro S, Morer, Astrid, Morgado, Pedro, Muratori, Filippo, Murphy, Clodagh M, Murphy, Declan G M, Nakagawa, Akiko, Nakamae, Takashi, Nakao, Tomohiro, Namazova-Baranova, Leyla, Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C, Nicolau, Rosa, Nigg, Joel T, Novotny, Stephanie E, Nurmi, Erika L, Weiss, Eileen Oberwelland, O'Gorman Tuura, Ruth L, O'Hearn, Kirsten, O'Neill, Joseph, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Oranje, Bob, Paloyelis, Yanni, Parellada, Mara, Pauli, Paul, Perriello, Chri, Piacentini, John, Piras, Fabrizio, Piras, Federica, Plessen, Kerstin J, Puig, Olga, Ramos-Quiroga, J Antoni, Reddy, Y C Janardhan, Reif, Andrea, Reneman, Liesbeth, Retico, Alessandra, Rosa, Pedro G P, Rubia, Katya, Rus, Oana Georgiana, Sakai, Yuki, Schrantee, Anouk, Schwarz, Lena, Schweren, Lizanne J S, Seitz, Jochen, Shaw, Philip, Shook, Devon, Silk, Tim J, Simpson, H Blair, Skokauskas, Norbert, Soliva Vila, Juan Carlo, Solovieva, Anastasia, Soreni, Noam, Soriano-Mas, Carle, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Stern, Emily R, Stevens, Michael C, Stewart, S Evelyn, Sudre, Gustavo, Szeszko, Philip R, Tamm, Leanne, Taylor, Margot J, Tolin, David F, Tosetti, Michela, Tovar-Moll, Fernanda, Tsuchiyagaito, Aki, van Erp, Theo G M, van Wingen, Guido A, Vance, Alasdair, Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan, Vilarroya, Oscar, Vives-Gilabert, Yolanda, von Polier, Georg G, Walitza, Susanne, Wallace, Gregory L, Wang, Zhen, Wolfers, Thoma, Yoncheva, Yuliya N, Yun, Je-Yeon, Zanetti, Marcus V, Zhou, Fengfeng, Ziegler, Georg C, Zierhut, Kathrin C, Zwiers, Marcel P, Thompson, Paul M, Stein, Dan J, Buitelaar, Jan, Franke, Barbara, van den Heuvel, Odile A, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Adult Psychiatry, ANS - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Graduate School, Child Psychiatry, General Paediatrics, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, APH - Personalized Medicine, and APH - Mental Health

Subjects
Male, Research Report, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Frontal cortex, Systems Analysis, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hippocampal formation, Audiology, 0302 clinical medicine, 130 000 Cognitive Neurology & Memory, Child, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Intelligence quotient, Psychopathology, ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER, ABNORMALITIES, ENIGMA, Organ Size, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Autism spectrum disorder, Brain size, Cohort, Female, MRI, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, CORTEX, Adolescent, DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER, Human Development, Neuroimaging, behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, FIELD-STRENGTH, mental disorders, medicine, MEGA-ANALYSIS, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Humans, Cortical surface, Structural MRI, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cerebrum, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], business.industry, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, VOXEL, Autism, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

ObjectiveAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders that frequently co-occur. We aimed to directly compare all three disorders. The ENIGMA consortium is ideally positioned to investigate structural brain alterations across these disorders.MethodsStructural T1-weighted whole-brain MRI of controls (n=5,827) and patients with ADHD (n=2,271), ASD (n=1,777), and OCD (n=2,323) from 151 cohorts worldwide were analyzed using standardized processing protocols. We examined subcortical volume, cortical thickness and surface area differences within a mega-analytical framework, pooling measures extracted from each cohort. Analyses were performed separately for children, adolescents, and adults using linear mixed-effects models adjusting for age, sex and site (and ICV for subcortical and surface area measures).ResultsWe found no shared alterations among all three disorders, while shared alterations between any two disorders did not survive multiple comparisons correction. Children with ADHD compared to those with OCD had smaller hippocampal volumes, possibly influenced by IQ. Children and adolescents with ADHD also had smaller ICV than controls and those with OCD or ASD. Adults with ASD showed thicker frontal cortices compared to adult controls and other clinical groups. No OCD-specific alterations across different age-groups and surface area alterations among all disorders in childhood and adulthood were observed.ConclusionOur findings suggest robust but subtle alterations across different age-groups among ADHD, ASD, and OCD. ADHD-specific ICV and hippocampal alterations in children and adolescents, and ASD-specific cortical thickness alterations in the frontal cortex in adults support previous work emphasizing neurodevelopmental alterations in these disorders.

Published
2020
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6. Brain Imaging of the Cortex in ADHD: A Coordinated Analysis of Large-Scale Clinical and Population-Based Samples

Author

Luisa Lázaro, Dmitry Kapilushniy, Elena Shumskaya, Katya Rubia, Ana Cubillo, Philip Shaw, Marcus V. Zanetti, Anders M. Dale, Thomas Ethofer, Andreas Reif, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Mariam Zentis, Sarah Baumeister, Sara Lera-Miguel, Kerstin J. Plessen, Anastasia Solovieva, Catharina A. Hartman, João P.O.F.T. Guimarães, Tonya White, Hazel McCarthy, Thomas Frodl, Stephanie E. Novotny, Martine Hoogman, Mara Cercignani, Gustavo Sudre, Patrick de Zeeuw, Tiffany M. Chaim-Avancini, Ivanei E. Bramati, Yolanda Vives-Gilabert, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Jonna Kuntsi, Clare Kelly, Joel T. Nigg, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, Tinatin Gogberashvili, Mark A. Bellgrove, Susanne Walitza, Sarah Hohmann, Jan Haavik, Kaylita Chantiluke, Joseph Biederman, Marcel P. Zwiers, Maarten Mennes, Neil A. Harrison, Hanan El Marroun, Norbert Skokauskas, Mitul A. Mehta, Annette Conzelmann, Fernanda Tovar-Moll, Rosa Nicolau, Juan Carlos Soliva Vila, Mario Rodrigues Louzã, Ruth O'Gorman Tuura, Anastasia Christakou, Barbara Franke, Charles B Malpas, Theo G.M. van Erp, Eileen Oberwelland Weiss, Terry L. Jernigan, Alysa E. Doyle, Daniel Brandeis, David Coghill, L. Reneman, Tobias Banaschewski, Geraldo F. Busatto, Sarah Durston, Anouk Schrantee, Philip Asherson, Lena Schwarz, Georgii Karkashadze, Kerstin Konrad, Anatoly Anikin, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M. Thompson, Georg C. Ziegler, Paulo Mattos, Michael C. Stevens, Janita Bralten, Matt C. Gabel, Thomas Wolfers, Alasdair Vance, Leanne Tamm, Georg G. von Polier, Timothy J. Silk, Bernd Kardatzki, Jochen Seitz, Sabin Khadka, Ryan L. Muetzel, Marie F. Høvik, Damien A. Fair, Astri J. Lundervold, Eric Earl, Jeffery N. Epstein, Ramona Baur-Streubel, Paul Pauli, Yuliya N. Yoncheva, Jaap Oosterlaan, Gregor Kohls, Henning Tiemeier, Francisco X. Castellanos, Silvia Brem, Oscar Vilarroya, Pedro G.P. Rosa, Stephen V. Faraone, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Jan K. Buitelaar, Bob Oranje, Leyla Namazova-Baranova, A.A. Baranov, Andreas J. Fallgatter, Anna Calvo, Sara Ambrosino, Kathrin C. Zierhut, Yannis Paloyelis, Lizanne J. S. Schweren, APH - Personalized Medicine, ANS - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, General Paediatrics, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, APH - Mental Health, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus MC other, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, and Pediatric surgery

Subjects
Male, SYMPTOMS, CHILDREN, Audiology, physiopathology [Cerebral Cortex], 0302 clinical medicine, CONNECTIVITY, 130 000 Cognitive Neurology & Memory, diagnostic imaging [Cerebral Cortex], physiopathology [Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity], PARTICIPANTS, Young adult, Child, Child Behavior Checklist, Cerebral Cortex, education.field_of_study, ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER, Age Factors, 220 Statistical Imaging Neuroscience, Brain, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebral cortex, Child, Preschool, Female, MRI, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER, Population, Neuroimaging, behavioral disciplines and activities, 150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, mental disorders, medicine, Journal Article, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Humans, ddc:610, education, METAANALYSIS, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Fusiform gyrus, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], business.industry, ADULTS, pathology [Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity], medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, SIZE, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Case-Control Studies, Endophenotype, RC0321, diagnostic imaging [Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity], pathology [Cerebral Cortex], business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 204879pub.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Contains fulltext : 204879pos.pdf (Author’s version postprint ) (Open Access) OBJECTIVE: Neuroimaging studies show structural alterations of various brain regions in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although nonreplications are frequent. The authors sought to identify cortical characteristics related to ADHD using large-scale studies. METHODS: Cortical thickness and surface area (based on the Desikan-Killiany atlas) were compared between case subjects with ADHD (N=2,246) and control subjects (N=1,934) for children, adolescents, and adults separately in ENIGMA-ADHD, a consortium of 36 centers. To assess familial effects on cortical measures, case subjects, unaffected siblings, and control subjects in the NeuroIMAGE study (N=506) were compared. Associations of the attention scale from the Child Behavior Checklist with cortical measures were determined in a pediatric population sample (Generation-R, N=2,707). RESULTS: In the ENIGMA-ADHD sample, lower surface area values were found in children with ADHD, mainly in frontal, cingulate, and temporal regions; the largest significant effect was for total surface area (Cohen's d=-0.21). Fusiform gyrus and temporal pole cortical thickness was also lower in children with ADHD. Neither surface area nor thickness differences were found in the adolescent or adult groups. Familial effects were seen for surface area in several regions. In an overlapping set of regions, surface area, but not thickness, was associated with attention problems in the Generation-R sample. CONCLUSIONS: Subtle differences in cortical surface area are widespread in children but not adolescents and adults with ADHD, confirming involvement of the frontal cortex and highlighting regions deserving further attention. Notably, the alterations behave like endophenotypes in families and are linked to ADHD symptoms in the population, extending evidence that ADHD behaves as a continuous trait in the population. Future longitudinal studies should clarify individual lifespan trajectories that lead to nonsignificant findings in adolescent and adult groups despite the presence of an ADHD diagnosis.

Published
2019
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7. Neural modulation of social reinforcement learning by intranasal oxytocin in male adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: a randomized trial

Author

Eileen Oberwelland Weiß, Jana A. Kruppa, Nicola Großheinrich, Wolfram Karges, Kerstin Konrad, Hannah Cholemkery, Gregor Kohls, Anna Gossen, Christine M. Freitag, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Elke Wölfle, Martin Schulte-Rüther, Judith Sinzig, and Gereon R. Fink

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Feedback, Psychological, Audiology, Placebo, Oxytocin, Article, Nucleus Accumbens, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Double-Blind Method, law, Reinforcement, Social, Medicine, Humans, Spectrum disorder, ddc:610, Administration, Intranasal, Pharmacology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.disease, Social learning, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Social Learning, 030227 psychiatry, High-functioning autism, Psychiatry and Mental health, Autism, business, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract

Reduced social motivation is a hallmark of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Although the exact neural mechanisms are unclear, oxytocin has been shown to enhance motivation and attention to social stimuli, suggesting a potential to augment social reinforcement learning as the central mechanism of behavioral interventions in ASD. We tested how reinforcement learning in social contexts and associated reward prediction error (RPE) signals in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) were modulated by intranasal oxytocin. Male adults with a childhood diagnosis of ASD (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 24; aged 18–26 years) performed a probabilistic reinforcement learning task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in a single-center (research center in Germany), randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial. The interventions were intranasal oxytocin (Syntocinon(®), Novartis; 10 puffs = 20 international units (IUs) per treatment) and placebo spray. Using computational modeling of behavioral data, trial-by-trial RPE signals were assessed and related to brain activation in NAcc during reinforcing feedback in social and non-social contexts. The order of oxytocin/placebo was randomized for 60 participants. Twenty-one participants were excluded from analyses, leaving 39 for the final analysis. Behaviorally, individuals with ASD showed enhanced learning under oxytocin when the learning target as well as feedback was social as compared to non-social (social vs. non-social target: 87.09% vs. 71.29%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.28–24.33, p = .003; social vs. non-social feedback: 81.00% vs. 71.29%, 95% CI: 2.81–16.61, p = .027). Correspondingly, oxytocin enhanced the correlation of the RPE signal with NAcc activation during social (vs. non-social) feedback in ASD (3.48 vs. −1.12, respectively, 95% CI: 2.98–6.22, p = .000), whereas in controls, this effect was found in the placebo condition (2.90 vs. −1.14, respectively, 95% CI: 1.07–7.01, p = .010). In ASD, a similar pattern emerged when the learning target was social (3.00 vs. −0.64, respectively, 95% CI: −0.13 to 7.41, p = .057), whereas controls showed a reduced correlation for social learning targets under oxytocin (−0.70 vs. 2.72, respectively, 95% CI: −5.86 to 0.98, p = .008). The current data suggest that intranasal oxytocin has the potential to enhance social reinforcement learning in ASD. Future studies are warranted that investigate whether oxytocin can potentiate social learning when combined with behavioral therapies, resulting in greater treatment benefits than traditional behavior-only approaches.

Published
2018
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