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This article aims to explain the implementation of a sustainable development strategy in the enterprise. The organization of the company is not only to meet the needs of the government, but also for the long-term interests of the company. The research method used is through a qualitative analysis of the variables of earnings growth per share and company share price in financial services institutions, issuers and the corporate sector of the company. Basic concepts are also used and additional data is used to support each given argument. The fundamental flaws of the integrated reporting system are then analyzed, making comparisons between companies difficult. We also assess how well a company implements its Sustainability Strategy (SDGs) using common metrics that can be used by parties outside and within the business

This research aims to analyze the effect of online business on economic growth in Java Island, segment and optimize aspects that support the development of internet business in the locus of Java Island, especially East Java Province, and complement it with a The existence of social.The method used is a combination of 5 techniques, namely regression analysis, thematic map visualization, clustering, spatial analysis, and text mining. This research has major implications for the development of MSMEs because MSMEs have succeeded in implementing e-commers in their sales and this greatly affects economic growth. Through the support of other analyses, it will also be known that the factors that support economic growth are more complete. The results show that online business affects the economic growth of provinces in Java. Online business businesses need to continue to be optimized by improving the quality of HDI and web networks, especially in the development priority areas of East Java Province. Programs related to the advanced economy need to be encouraged to align changes in the order of society with MSME activities in adapting to the e-digitalization period. This research has major implications for the development of MSMEs because MSMEs have succeeded in implementing e-commers in their sales and this greatly affects economic growth. Through the support of other analyses, it will also be known that the factors that support economic growth are more complete. This condition is more specific to developing countries and Covid-19 Pandemi.

The policy article aims to formulate a re-adaptation to the impact of COVID-19 that strengthens the social resilience of villages in a sustainable manner based on empirical findings. This article uses a sequential mixed model research design approach analysis with focus group discussion, and it is strengthened by data collected from 105 respondents chosen through random sampling techniques, online in-depth interviews, and group interviews in the villages where the article was conducted. The result showed that the village government was able to build a dialogue with villagers to find common understanding and build collective action to overcome the impact of COVID-19. Another finding is that the village government can realize real action in synergizing social protection policies from the government with the development of social security in rural communities. It was concluded that the experience of overcoming the impact of COVID-19 should be used as an innovation in the development mechanism of village governments in Indonesia. The innovation described in this article is known as re-adaptation. Disaster adaptation is designed and included in the village government's development planning mechanism document. The article has limitations because it does not examine existing regulations that could be used to expand innovative practices.

Penggunaan pupuk yang berbahan kimia semakin marak ditemui pada pertanian, kandungan bahan kimia pada pupuk akan menjadi berbahaya apabila semakin lama digunakan,seperti halnya menjadi tercampurnya bahan pangan dengan zat kimia yang mengakibatkan makanan menjadi tidak sehat,dan juga ancaman rusaknya ekosistem yang ada di tanah apabila pupuk kimia terus menerus digunakan, hal ini tentunya menjadi sebuah permasalahan yang kompleks jika dibiarkan berlarut larut, menanggapi hal ini, mahasiswa kkn panca marga di desa jatiadi melakukan observasi terkait hal ini kemudian memberikan sebuah problem solving atau pemecahan masalah berupa pembuatan pupuk organik cair berbahan dasar limbah rumah tangga berupa air bekas cucian beras yang dikombinasikan dengan bahan lain yang berfungsi menggantikan pupuk kimia untuk menyuburkan tanaman,ini merupakan salah satu program kerja utama yang dilaksanakan oleh kelompok mahasiswa kkn desa jatiadi yang dilakukan dengan cara memberikan penyuluhan atau sosialisasi kepada warga desa jatiadi dalam hal ini pada kelompok tani yang ada di desa jatiadi. Kata Kunci: Pertanian,Alami,Pupuk,Limbah Rumah Tangga

The purpose of this research is to deeply examine and analyze the implementation of the government system during the reformation era based on the 1945 Constitution. As stated in fourth paragraph of the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution, the National Independence of Indonesia is composed in a Constitution of the State of Indonesia which is structured in a form of Republic of Indonesia, governed with people sovereignty. The sovereignty of the people is the highest power and it determines the leaders in the Indonesian government. This is confirmed in Article 1 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. The subject regarding the government is stated in Article 1 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution; Indonesia is a unitary state in the form of a republic. Based on these facts, it can be concluded that the form of the Indonesian state is unitary, while the form of government is a republic. The President of the Republic of Indonesia holds the power as the head of state and the head of government, as stated in Article 4 paragraph (1) that "The President of the Republic of Indonesia holds the power of government according to the Constitution." Therefore, the government system in Indonesia adheres to a presidential system

This study aims to identify the need for developing a financial literacy pocketbook for Malay ethnic homemakers in running a home industry business, compiling a financial literacy pocket bookmaking tool, and measuring or knowing the validation of the financial literacy pocketbook. This study uses a design-based research (DBR) approach. The subjects in this study were 25 Malay homemakers running a home industry business in Jambi City. For the implementation of field trials (in large groups) and evaluation of field trials, the researchers used action research to test the draft financial literacy pocketbook product. Researchers collected data using the method of observation, in-depth interviews, questionnaires, FGD (focus group discussion), and documentation. The data analysis used by researchers in processing research and development data used qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the field test showed that before the pre-test comprehension treatment was conducted, it was 57.71, while after the treatment of understanding financial literacy using a literacy pocketbook, it was known that the average result of understanding Jambi Malay homemakers about financial literacy with a post-test was 67.02 which means an increase of 9.31 points. The effect size calculation results show a value of 0.861, which is included in the high category. Overall, this study has produced a pocketbook of home industry financial literacy measuring 7 x 10 cm with 25 pages of teaching materials that professionals have validated.

Training activities on the use of Google Drive in digital administrative management in UKWK Malang aim to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of administrative governance implementation, to increase productivity and performance in education, research, community service, and managerial activities. The training activities are carried out in Phase I for unit leaders, Phase II for administrative /educational staff, and Phase III is assistance to the unit in the implementation of the use of Google Drive in digital administrative management. The result of this training was that after the training the participants' level of understanding of the use of Google Drive for managing digital administration increased, besides that most participants strongly recommended that the Digital Administration program be carried out well in UKWK Keywords: digital administration, google drive, training Abstrak Kegiatan pelatihan tentang pemanfaatan google drive di dalam penatakelolaan administrasi digital di UKWK Malang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efektifitas dan efisiensi pelaksanaan tatakelola administrasi, sehingga dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan kinerja di bidang pendidikan, penelitian, abdimas, maupun manajerial. Kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan dalam Tahap I untuk pimpinan unit, Tahap II untuk tenaga administrasi/kependidikan, dan Tahap III merupakan pendampingan kepada unit dalam implementasi pemanfaatan google drive di dalam penatakelolaan administrasi digital. Hasil dari pelatihan ini adalah bahwa setelah pelatihan tingkat pemahaman peserta terhadap pemanfaatan google drive untuk penata kelolaan administrasi digital meningkat, selain itu sebagian besar peserta sangat merekomendasikan agar program Administrasi Digital dapat terlaksana dengan baik di UKWK. Kata kunci: administrasi digital, google drive, pelatihan

Masih adanya paradigma masyarakat terhadap sampah yang menganggap sampah merupakan barang tidak berguna dan perlu dibuang menambah jumlah penumpukan sampah semakin meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Merubah paradigma masyarakat terhadap sampah perlu adanya edukasi dan pemahaman terkait adanya manfaat yang dihasilkan dari sampah dalam suatu pengelolaan yang baik sehingga dapat tercipta kesadaran kritis serta partisipasi dalam penanganan sampah. Pengelolaan sampah melalui penyadaran kritis masyarakat akan membangun sistem sosial masyarakat terhadap perilaku dan perubahan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan solusi yang dapat menjadi kontribusi dalam strategi pendampingan dalam pengelolaan sampah. Kesimpulannya pengelolaan sampah di perkotaan memerlukan partisipasi yang aktif dari masyarakat. Keaktifan masyarakat ini mampu di dorong oleh aktor lokal yang memiliki keteladanan dan daya juang dalam mengelola sampah.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Peran Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kota Probolinggo dalam penegakkan hukum Pemilihan Umum DPRD Tahun 2019 dan bagaimana strategi yang dilakukan Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kota Probolinggo untuk mengoptimalkan perannya dalam penegakkan hukum Pemilihan Umum DPRD Tahun 2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis empiris. Peran Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kota Probolinggo setiap tahapan dan proses pemilihan umum berjalan sesuai Undang-Undang dan Peraturan yang ada dan menjalankan pengawasan dan penegakan hukum, Pencegahan pelanggaran pemilihan umum dan penindakan pelanggaran pemilihan umum. Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kota Probolinggo mengadakan rapat pleno atau keputusan untuk bekerjasama dengan Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil untuk memastikan dan mempercepat proses pembuatan e-KTP karena ini menyebabkan dan mempengaruhi jumlah DPT (Daftar Pemilih Tetap). Kata Kunci: Bawaslu, Penegakan Hukum, DPRD

A b s t r a k Kompleksitas budaya masyarakat Indonesia seperti dua sisi mata uang, pada satu sisi merupakan sebuah kekayaan nasional dan disisi lain berpotensi menimbulkan konflik sosial. Potensi konflik ini bisa tercipta jika terdapat komunikasi dan relasi yang kurang baik antarbudaya yang berbeda. Dialog deliberatif merupakan sebuah komunikasi dua arah antara masyarakat dan individu yang berfungsi untuk menjaga keselarasan hubungan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk, mengetahui budaya masyarakat, falsafah dan pepatah yang terdapat di masyarakat, serta menganalisis pola dialog dalam manajemen resolusi konflik yang di terapkan oleh masyarakat kampung adat Jalawastu. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan mengingat terdapat potensi konflik yang besar dalam keragaman budaya masyarakat di Indonesia. Kat a Kunci: dialog deliberatif, komunikasi antarbudaya, resolusi konflik A b s t r act T h e cultural complexity of Indonesian society such as two sides of a coin, on one hand, is a national treasure and on the other hand, has the potential to cause social conflict. This potential conflict can be created if there are poor communication and relations between different cultures. Deliberative dialogue is two-way communication between society and individuals that serves to maintain harmony in social relations. This research aims to know the culture of the community, the philosophy and proverbs that exist in the community , and analyze the pattern of dialogue in conflict resolution management that is implemented by the Jalawastu traditional village community. This research is essential because there is a great potential conflict in the cultural diversity of the people in Indonesia. Keywords: c onf l ic t resolution, deliberative dialogue, intercultural communication

A study has been conducted to develop indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide. Preliminary study has been conducted to explore B. thuringiensis from sample of soil, leaf, and infected larvae from selected tea area as well as another area such as cocoa, and acasia. The result showed that based on colony morphology, ten isolates with the characteristics of B. thuringiensis colonies were discovered. Using phase contrast microscope and staining, four bacterial isolates showed an ability to formed crystal protein in which they were further used as active compounds of bioinsecticide. Based on the viability of bacteria, white clay was found as the best carrier for bioinsecticide formulation. In addition, maltose was selected best as osmoprotectant in liquid formulation. The toxicity assay of B. thuringiensis towards Hyposidra talaca larvae showed that H. talaca larvae were controlled up to 37.5%. However, the toxicity needs longer period compared to the one of commercial B. thuringiensis bioinsecticide.

Perempuan mengalami ketimpangan pada berbagai proses pengembangan karir dan pekerjaanTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat perspektif multitasking peran perempuan pada fenomena the glass ceiling dan faktor penyebab terjadi fenomena the glass ceiling diberbagai kasus tempat perempuan bekerja. Selain itu juga menjelaskan peran perempuan di berbagai sektor Birokrat, anggota Eksekutif/Legislatif, CEO dan pekerja seni. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perempuan berada pada posisi inferior baik karena tekanan struktur dan kultur di dalam masyarakat. Kondisi masyarakat indonesia belum memberikan dukungan sepenuhnya terhadap posisi pekerjaan perempuan baik dalam bidang pekerjaan formal dan informal. Pada kasus di Indonesia perempuan bahkan memiliki peran ganda selain pada pekerjaan utama juga pada pekerjaan rumah tangga. Hal ini yang seringkali menjadi dilematis dalam pengembangan karir seorang perempuan pekerja. Posisi ini berbeda dengan seorang pekerja laki-laki yang dapat fokus pada pekerjaan formal.

Wabah Covid-19 penyakit disebabkan oleh virus corona, menyerang pada saluran pernafasan. Gejala adalah demam, panas, dan batuk kering. Penularan dari orang ke orang lain, agar tidak menyebar perlu adanya pencegahan. Oleh karena itu pelaksaan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah serentak di beberapa daerah perlu menghindari kampanye terbuka. Bentuk partisipasi yang dilakukan oleh warga masyarakat yaitu mendukung kebijakan pemerintah, menghindari kerumunan orang yang berlebihan. Melakukan sesuatu positif untuk mengurangi penyebaran terhadap virus corona.Kata kunci : Pencegahan Covid19, Pemilihan Kepala Daerah

Dispepsia Fungsional merupakan salah satu gangguan fungsi pada gastrointestinal dan dapat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup pasien. Fucoidan memiliki banyak efek farmakologi, salah satunya sebagai mukoprotektor dan bersifat sebagai anti ulcer pada gastrointestinal yang diduga dapat memperbaiki gejala dispepsia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis efek penambahan fucoidan pada omeprazol terhadap perbaikan gejala dispepsia dan kualitas hidup pasien pada pasien dispepsia fungsional. Hasil yang diperoleh adanya perbaikan gejala dan kualitas hidup sebelum dan setelah menerima penambahan terapi fucoidan dengan nilai p < 0,05. Pada perbandingan perbaikan yang dilakukan pada kedua kelompok tidak terjadi perbaikan yang signifikan secara statistik dengan nilai p > 0,05 untuk beberapa domain kuesioner. Akan tetapi dalam perbaikan gejala klinik yang diobservasi terdapat perbaikan gejala dispepsia dan kualitas hidup yang lebih baik pada penambahan fucoidan.

A study has been conducted to develop indigenous Bacillusthuringiensis bioinsecticide . Preliminary study has been conducted to explore B. thuringiensis from sample of soil, leaf, and infected larvae from selected tea area as well as another area such as cocoa, and acasia. The result showed that based on the colony morphology, it was found 10 isolates with the characteristics of B. thuringiensis colony . Assessed of the ability to formed crystal using phase contrast microscope and staining revealed that 4 isolates as crystal protein forming isolates. The four is ol ates used as active coumpound of bioinsecticide. The best formula based on the viability of bacteria was the one with white clay as a carrier. While the best liquid formula based on the similar characteristic was using maltosa as osmoprotectant. The assessment of the toxisity B. thuringiensis towards Hyposidra talaca larvae showed that B. thuringiensis could control H. talaca larvae up to 37.5% . However, the toxicity need longer periode compared to that commercial B. thuringiensis bioinsecticide. [Keywords: Bt insecticide , cypermethrine , integrated pest management, Tea looper ]. Abstrak Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengembangkan bioinsektisida berbahan aktif B. thuringiensis dari isolat asli Indonesia. Eksplorasi B. thuringiensis dari contoh berupa tanah, daun, dan ulat dari kebun teh telah dilakukan demikian pula dari habitat lain seperti kebun kakao dan akasia. Berdasarkan morfologi koloni diperoleh 10 isolat yang menunjukkan ciri-ciri koloni B. thuringiensis. Selanjutnya isolat yang diperoleh diuji kemampuan pembentukan kristal protein dengan pewarnaan dan pengamatan mikroskop phase kontras dan menghasilkan 4 isolat yang mampu membentuk kristal protein. Selanjutnya keempat isolat yang diperoleh digunakan sebagai bahan aktif dalam formulasi bioinsektisida. Formula terbaik berdasarkan kriteria viabilitas bakteri adalah formula yang menggunakan bahan pembawa berupa white clay . Formula terbaik untuk bioinsektida cair berdasarkan kriteria viabilitas B. thuringiensis dan kejernihan bioinsektisida adalah menggunakan maltosesebagai osmoprotektan.Pada pengujian toksisitas isolat B. thuringiensis terhadap larvaulat jengkal( Hyposidra talaca )menunjukkan bahwa B. thuringiensis hasil percobaan dapat mengen-dalikan larva ulat jengkalhingga 37,5%. Namun demikian toksisitasnya memerlukan waktu yang lebih lama dibandingkan dengan bioinsektisida berbahan aktif B. thuringiensis komersial. [Kata kuci: Bioinsektisida Bt, pengendalian hama terpadu, sipermetrin, ulat jengkal teh].

Integrated Pesl Control Research of // antonii on cashew was studied out in Wonogiri, Central Java from May lo December 2000. Ihe objective of the study was lo obtain Ihe efective eonlrol method Spill plot design was used. Ihe main plots were intercropping system of cashew with (a) niunghcan and (b) mixed of cassava, peanut and maize, The subplots were treatments of (a) benomyl without B bassiana. (b) R bassiana without benomyl, and (c) eonlrol The concentation of benomyl used were 2 g per liter, while for II. bassiana 11) g per liter containing I. I x 10* conidias. Treatments were applied on Ihe beginning of October 2000, and observations were done twice in one month. The area needed for all plots were 24 000 m1 (4 replications). Hie asscsments consisted of (a) number of //. antonii eggs, nymphs and its natural enemies, (b) number of flowers and shoots attacked, and (c) cashew nut per tree. The result showed thai there was interaction between the Iwo factor tested. Mix-cropping with R bassiana reduced //. antonii population on cashew and increased productivity from 3.85 kg lo 5.33 kg per tree. These treatments were therefore recommended for controlling the pest.

Oyster mushroom can grow properly at temperatures of 16–30 °C and relative humidity of 80–95%. Environment conditioning by spraying of water in mushroom house manually in the morning and evening as the temperature and humidity controling is less effective and highly bothersome. Using of technology can controlling temperature and humidity in a mushroom house automatically. This research aims to design an automatic control system to control temperature and humidity in oyster mushroom house. Research is located at an altitude of 125 meters above sea level. Automatic control system with a setting point temperature of 25 – 30 °C and humidity of 80 – 95% was tested at mushroom house with dimensions of 4 × 2 × 2 m with a capacity of 600 baglog mushrooms. The results show that the performance of daily temperature and humidity without control is respectively 24.10 to 35.19 °C and 64.28 to 99.90%. While the temperature and humidity with the control system are 25.10 to 30.09 °C and 80.84 to 99.90%, respectively.

Sanurus indecora merupakan salah satu hama utama yangmenyerang tanaman jambu mete di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. DiLombok Timur, hama ini diserang oleh cendawan Synnematium sp.Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu penelitian untuk mengetahui apakahcendawan tersebut dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan S. indecora.Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan Synnematium sp.dalam pengendalian S. indecora dilakukan di Desa Pohgading, KecamatanPringgabaya dan di Desa Wanasaba, Kecamatan Wanasaba, KabupatenLombok Timur dari bulan Juni sampai September 2004. Penelitian terdiriatas dua kegiatan yaitu di tingkat pot (bibit) dan lapang. Penelitian ditingkat pot terdiri atas tiga kegiatan yaitu aplikasi cendawan terhadap telur,nimfa, imago pada bibit jambu mete (10 telur/ serangga/ bibit). Rancanganyang digunakan ialah acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan diulangenam kali. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jumlah telur atau seranggayang mati karena terserang Synnematium sp. mulai satu sampai tujuh harisetelah perlakuan. Penelitian lapang menggunakan rancangan acakkelompok yang disusun secara faktorial dengan dua macam faktor yaitupola tanam dan konsentrasi Synnematium sp. Parameter yang diamatiadalah populasi S. indecora, tingkat serangan, jumlah bunga hermaproditsebelum perlakuan dan jumlah buah yang berkembang. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa cendawan Synnematium sp. yang diaplikasikan padanimfa S. indecora dan bibit menyebabkan kematian serangga tertinggimencapai 98,33%. Kematian serangga pada ketiga macam konsentrasiSynnematium sp. baik pada telur, nimfa dan imago tidak berbeda nyata.Dalam penelitian ini konsentrasi terkecil yaitu 20 g/l atau setara dengankonsentrasi spora 1,64 x 10 8 sudah efektif menyebabkan kematian S.indecora. Penurunan populasi S. indecora oleh Synnematium sp. efektifdengan konsentrasi 20 g/l sebesar 24,14% dibandingkan dengan kontrol.Tingkat serangan berkorelasi positif dengan populasi serangga.Kata kunci: Jambu mete, Anacardium occidentale L., hama, Sanurusindecora, pengendalian hayati, Synnematium sp. NusaTenggara BaratABSTRACTThe role of Synnematium sp. in controling Sanurusindecora JACOBI (Homoptera : Flatidae)Sanurus indecora is one of major pests attacking cashew plants inWest Nusa Tenggara Province. In East Lombok, this insect pest wasattacked by fungi of Synnematium sp. Based on that, the experiment wasconducted to find out whether the fungi could be used to control S.indecora or not. The objective of the experiment was to examine the roleof Synnematium sp. in the controlling S. indecora. It was carried out inPohgading, Pringgabaya and Wanasaba, District of East Lombok fromJune to September 2004. The experiment consisted of two activitiesnamely polybag stage and field activities. Polybag stage activitiesconsisted of three activities namely application of Synnematium sp. oneggs, nymphs, adults on seedling (10 eggs/insect/seedling). Theexperiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with fourtreatments and six replications. Observation was conducted on the numberof dead eggs, nymphs and adults attacked by Synnematium sp. from one toseven days after treatment. While field activities used a randomized blockdesign arranged in a factorial with two factors i. e. plant pattern andconcentration of Synnematium sp. Parameters observed were population ofS. indecora, the degree of attack, the number of hermaphrodite flowersbefore application and the number of developed fruits. Research resultsshowed that Synnematium sp. sprayed to nymphs of S. indecora andseedling caused the highest mortality of S. indecora that reached 98.33%.Mortality of S. indecora on the three concentrations either on eggs,nymphs and direct application to adults was not significantly different. Inthis experiment, the smallest concentration i.e. 20 g/l or equivalent withconcentration of spore 1.64 x 10 8 was effective to cause the death of S.indecora. The decrease of S. indecora population by Synnematium sp. waseffective with concentration of 20g/l as many as 24,14% compared withcontrol. The degree of attack was positively correlated with population ofS. indecora.Key words: Cashew, Anacardium occidentale L., pest , Sanurus indecora,biological control, Synnematium sp. Nusa Tenggara Barat

Brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) is the main pest on rice cultivation. Synthetic insecticides application had negative impact to the human health and environment. The research objective was aimed to examine the effectiveness of botanical (pyrethrum and neem) and bio-insecticides (Beauveria bassiana/Bb and Metarhizium anisopliae/Ma) against brown plant hopper. Research was conducted at Entomology Laboratory of Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor in 2017. Trial consisted of two activities: the effectiveness of botanical and bio-insecticides to brown plant hopper mortality and horizontal transmission of bio-insecticides on brown plant hoppers. Botanical pesticide tested was (1) pyrethrum I (5 ml.l-1 water ), (2) pyrethrum II (5 ml.l-1 water), (3) neem I (20 ml.l-1 water), (4) neem II (20 ml.l-1 water), (5) synthetic insecticide (2 ml.l-1 water) and (6) control. Bio-insecticide treatments were (1) Bb (spraying, 2.5 ml/plant), (2) Bb (granule, 5 g/pot), (3) Ma (spraying, 2.5 ml/plant), (4) Ma (granule, 5 g/ pot) and (5) control. Treatments of horizontal transmission was the ratio of infected : healthy brown plant hopper 1 : 10; 2 : 10; 3 : 10 and 4 : 10. Botanical insecticides were prospective to suppressing brown plant hopper population of 85-87 % (pyrethrum) and 60-70 % (neem). B. bassiana was able to suppress brown plant hopper population (18.2%), better than M. anisopliae (5.6 %). Biological insecticide application by contact (spraying) was better than applied in granules form. Botanical insecticide application showed no horizontal transmission from infected to healthy insect. Botanical insecticide (pyrethrum and neem) was more prospective than bio-insecticide (B. bassiana and M. anisopliae) in controlling brown plant hopper.

Head bushing is part of the plastic sack-making machine components that process works always have friction between the bushing head cham causing wear and tear. This wear and tear leads to further damage to the components - components other spare parts. Head material is nylon pure solid has a melting point 350-425 ° C, but was unable to maintain its shape because happen frictions during the process of making plastic sack. Research to make head bushing by adding the powder of wood Ulin (Eusideroxylon Zwageri) as reinforcements and to do wear and tear. The results obtained show. that the optimum value of the powder composition wood ulin is 4% , with value of wear and tear 0,0544 mm/h with a time 96 hours 29 minutes 29 seconds. But overall, the addition powder of wood Ulin, cannot be used as ingredients of make head bushing, because value of wear and tear of head bushing without additive of powder of wood Ulin, more smaller than head bushing with additive powder wood Ulin.

Brown planthopper is still a major problem in rice. Control using botanical insecticides is considered less effective, since its persistence in rice plantation is short. Research on the persistence of botanical insecticide residues of pyrethrum and neem in rice has been conducted in green house of Entomology, Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor from January to December 2016. The research was aimed to determine the persistence of botanical insecticide residue on rice by testing it to brown planthopper mortality. The study was arranged in complete randomized design with six treatments and four replications. The treatment consisted of two pyrethrum formulas (EC); two neem formulas (EC); positive controls of synthetic insecticides (a.i. carbosulfan) and negative control (water). The method used was Leaf Residue Method, by spraying the formula into one month-old rice plants, then 10 brown planthopper nymphs of forth instar were introduced into each plant in the first, second, third and fourth day after spraying. The planthopper mortality was observed in the first, third, sixth, 24th and 48th hours after introduction. The residuals of all insecticides tested were still affecting the mortality of brown planthopper until the fourth day after spraying, although the effectiveness decreased by the time. The average mortality on the first day introduction after spraying ranged between 53-73 % and in the fourth day after spraying was 18-25 %.

Diskursus mengenai demokrasi selalu bergulir dalam berbagai lintasan dan pergulatan waktu. Demokrasi bukan bersifat final tetapi selalu mencari bentuk dalam setiap konteks sosial dan budaya masyarakat Indonesia. Demokrasi Pancasila yang sering kali dianggap sebagai sebuah barang jadi pun menemui berbagai tantangan dan bahkan perlawanan dari berbagai kelompok. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari beragam dan heterogennya masyarakat Indonesia, kontestasi etnisitas, politik dan budaya yang selalu mewarnai trajektori demokrasi pancasila. Banyak negara multietnis yang sudah luluh lancah dan bubar karena perbedaan ideologi masing-masing kelompok. Namun fakta empirisnya, di tengah-tengah banyak runtuhnya negara multietnis pada pascaperang dunia kedua, seperti Indonesia misalnya, masih kokoh berdiri dengan segala gejolaknya. Menarik untuk melihat lagi konstruksi dan dekonstruksi yang membentuk demokrasi di Indonesia dalam lintas sejarah dan perspektif. Discourses on democracy are always rolling in various trajectories and time battles. Democracy is not final, but will always seek form in every social and cultural context of Indonesian society. Pancasila democracy which is often regarded as a finished item encounters various challenges and even resistance from various groups. This cannot be separated from the variety and heterogeneity of Indonesian society, ethnicity, political, and cultural contestation that will always adorn the trajectory of Pancasila democracy. Many multiethnic countries have been decimated and dispersed because of the ideological differences of each group, the empirical facts in the midst of the multi-ethnic state collapse in the post-Second World War still stand firm with all its turmoil. It is interesting to see again the construction and deconstruction that shape democracy in Indonesia in cross-history and perspective.

Wereng batang cokelat adalah hama utama pada tanaman padi yang dapat menyebabkan gagal panen. Pengendalian wereng batang cokelat (WBC) masih ditekankan pada penggunaan varietas tahan dan insektisida. Perlu upaya alternatif menggunakan cara pengendalian yang lebih ramah lingkungan, diantaranya agens hayati, seperti cendawan entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana dan pupuk organik cair (POC). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan campuran cendawan entomopatogen B. bassiana dan POC terhadap hama WBC. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) Bogor sejak Juli sampai September 2015. Penelitian terdiri atas dua kegiatan. Kegiatan pertama adalah percobaan kompatibilitas yang dirancang secara Acak Lengkap (RAL), empat perlakuan dan diulang lima kali. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah tiga konsentrasi larutan POC (5, 10 dan 20 ml.l-1), dan air sebagai kontrol. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan cendawan B. bassiana pada medium yang mengandung POC. Kegiatan kedua adalah pengujian keefektifan cendawan B bassiana untuk mengontrol WBC di rumah kasa, dirancang menggunakan RAL, lima perlakuan dan diulang lima kali. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah B. bassiana (kerapatan spora 108 ml-1); B. bassiana + POC (10 ml.l-1); minyak seraiwangi (5 ml.l-1) dan minyak cengkeh (5 ml.l-1) sebagai pembanding, serta air (kontrol). Aplikasi dilakukan dengan cara menyemprotkan larutan perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 5 ml.l-1 pada nimfa instar 2 WBC yang diinfestasikan pada tanaman padi dalam polibag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa POC menghambat 46,64% pertumbuhan B. bassiana secara in vitro. Namun, keefektifan campuran B. bassiana + POC sama baiknya dengan B. bassiana secara tunggal. Hal ini menunjukkan POC dapat diaplikasikan berselang-seling dengan B. bassiana untuk mengendalikan WBC pada padi.