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Dalam perkembangan desain pagar atau kanopi pada rumah, sekarang ini banyak desain yang menggunakan lengkungan. Sebelumnya pagar minimalis sangat dikenal dengan model yang minim lengkungan. Dengan perkembangannya untuk menampilkan estetika pagar mengikuti desain rumah, dimana ada beberapa lengkungan pada pagar atau kanopi. Untuk membuat lengkungan pada pagar besi hollow tidak mudah. Jika membuat lengkungan tersebut menggunakan cara manual, lengkungan pada besi hollow tidak simetris dan besi hollow dapat penyok didaerah lengkungan sehingga tampilan pagar menjadi jelek. Dengan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, solusi yang ditawarkan untuk membuat lengkungan pada besi hollow menggunakan mesin bending skala kecil yang berfungsi membuat lengkungan pada besi hollow kotak ataupun bulat. Mesin bending ini dilengkapi dengan roll yang dapat dirubah menyesuaikan ukuran pipa yang akan dibending. Luaran dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa teknologi tepat guna mesin bending, dan publikasi jurnal nasional terkareditasi sinta. Dari hasil kegiatan ini mitra dapat menghemat kurang lebih 15% dari harga pembuatan sebelumnya

The increase in demand for the electricity system is increasing. Thus, enviromentally friendly technologies such as new and renewable energy are needed, one of which is a power plant with Photovoltaic as the main component. Solar power plant has enviromentally friendly properties. The design of this solar power plant uses Fuzzy Logic Controller and PI Controller methods, where both methods are used to find the maximum power peak point used for fast charges and MPPT, which is simulted using MATLAB/Simulink. The things presented in developing the generating system using these two methods are solar radiation intensity, temperature and Photovoltaic module. The model developed will make it possible to examine the characteristics of solar power plant and predict the amount of energy generated by solar panels in a particular location and compare the effectiveness of Fuzzy Logic and PI methods. The results shows that Fuzzy method produces a boost converter output voltage in the range of 600 V with result that are still not good and less stable, but the irradiation of 100 W/m2 voltage is stable, while the boost converter output voltage controller by the PI method is very good and stable in all conditions. Radiation and voltage are also in the range of 600 V.

Transesterification of vegetable oil and methanol using a homogeneous base catalyst at a temperature of 60 ° C for 1 hour is the most efficient industrial scale. This study aims to compare the characteristics of KOH and NaOH catalysts in the transesterification of palm oil with variations in stirring time and reaction time for biodiesel production produced at room temperature. This study uses the raw material for palm oil and methanol with the ratio of mol 1: 6, variations of 1.0% catalyst and 0.5% NaOH of the weight of oil weight, 2-8 minutes stirring time variations, and 1-4 hours reaction time variations. Transesterification reactions are carried out in a closed Erlenmeyer with stirring time depending on the variation. A sampling of 10 ml is done every hour for 4 hours of reaction. Stirring is repeated with duration according to variations until the reaction time is 4 hours. Sample analysis uses Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The results are that (1) transesterification using a KOH catalyst gave the best results of 98.5% FAME with 8 minutes stirring time for 2 hours reaction time; (2) the NaOH catalyst gave the best result of 91.2% FAME with 8 minutes stirring time for 4 hours reaction time; (3) the KOH catalyst produced higher FAME concentrations with the same stirring time (8 minutes) in 2 hours reaction time, shorter than the NaOH catalyst, (4) transesterification with room temperature might be applied in the biodiesel industry.ABSTRAKTransesterifikasi minyak nabati dan metanol menggunakan katalis basa homogen pada temperatur 60°C selama 1 jam adalah yang paling efisien dalam skala industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan karakteristik katalis KOH dan NaOH dalam transesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit dengan variasi waktu pengadukan dan waktu reaksi terhadap produksi biodiesel yang dihasilkan pada temperatur kamar. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan baku minyak kelapa sawit dan metanol dengan rasio mol 1:6, variasi katalis KOH 1,0% dan NaOH 0,5% berat terhadap berat minyak, variasi waktu pengadukan 2-8 menit dan variasi waktu reaksi 1-4 jam. Reaksi transesterifikasi dilakukan secara batch dalam Erlenmeyer tertutup dengan waktu pengadukan sesuai variasi. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 10 mL dilakukan setiap jam selama 4 jam reaksi. Pengadukan diulang dengan durasi sesuai variasi hingga waktu reaksi 4 jam. Analisis sampel menggunakan Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil (1) Katalis KOH memberikan hasil terbaik 98,5% volume FAME dengan waktu pengadukan 8 menit selama 2 jam waktu reaksi; (2) katalis NaOH memberikan hasil terbaik 91,2% volume FAME dengan waktu pengadukan 8 menit selama 4 jam waktu reaksi; (3) katalis KOH menghasilkan produk dengan konsentrasi FAME lebih tinggi dengan waktu pengadukan yang sama (8 menit) dalam waktu reaksi 2 jam lebih singkat dibandingkan katalis NaOH, (4) transesterifikasi menggunakan temperatur kamar memungkinkan untuk diterapkan dalam industri biodiesel.

Wood pellet is an alternative fuel made from wood waste, is one of the renewable fuels that is environmentally friendly, has a cylindrical shape and is hard, this is one of the energy conversions where the process of changing the energy form of wood waste which is randomly sized is converted into a cylindrical pellet form. This service is carried out to determine the impact of rising fuel prices on the pattern of fuel use in the tofu production process in Kab. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the efficiency of the system analyzed, namely the efficiency of the combustion system in the production of tofu. What is known is the direct energy input in each soybean cooking process and the pattern of energy use in tofu production. From the analysis that has been done to get wood pellet fuel to get maximum results for soybean cooking in a burning time for 1 hour it takes 1/2 kg of wood pellets, if done one day by burning for 8 hours in the soybean porridge cooking process it takes 4 wood pellets kg.

Batako saat ini merupakan salah satu bahan utama dalam pembuatan rumah dan perkantoran, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan kwalitas dari produksi batako agar memiliki waktu pemakaian yang lama dan aman dalam pemakaiannya. Sehingga tim pengabdian memilih salah satu UKM pengerajin batako di Ds. Sumberbendo yang banyak masyakatnya sebagai pengerajin batako selain pergi ke sawah untuk bertani. Setelah tim pengabdian melakukan survei dan diskusi dengan mitra akhirnya dibuat mesin mixer batako yang digunakan untuk mencampur semen, pasir, koral dan pasir menjadi satu adonan yang digunakan untuk proses pembuatan batako yang sesuai standar yang sudah ditentukan, dengan harapan batako ini memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi karena sekarang ini banyak masyarakat banyak membuat rumah tinggal, perumahan dan juga banyak dibangun perkantoran bisa menjadi salah satu alternatif sebagai pilihan dalam membuat dinding. Setelah pengabdian ini dilakukan dan mencoba menganalisis secara sederhana bila dilihat dari produksi batako mengalami peningkatan sebesar 18% dari yang sebelumnya menghasilkan 270 buah per hari setelah pengabdian dilakukan pembuatan mesin peraduk batako mengalami peningkatan jumlah batako menjadi 330 buah batako secara otomatis akan menigkatkan penghasilan mitra dari yang sebelumnya.

Development in the current development sector has grown rapidly, in this development we can see a good potential to be developed, namely the development of bricks with good quality compared to using red bricks which production takes a long time. Batako is an alternative that can be used in the construction of a building, because currently the price of red brick is quite high because the production cost is quite expensive. Besides, the price of firewood used for cooking red brick is getting difficult. Meanwhile, the demand for brick gradually increased because brick was one of the main components in building construction. So it needs to be developed in making brick blocks because the time is relatively short in the drying process. Therefore the community service team made a brick making machine with a vibration system for compaction and a faster production process in brick making using a machine that has been made, so that it can increase partner income, who previously produced 120 pieces with a manual system using a machine that could produce 500 pieces of brick per day.

This paper discusses how to produce herbal teabags as a source of low-calorie antioxidants made from African leaves and stevia leaves. This study aims to determine the antioxidant content of herbal teabags mixed with African leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) and Stevia leaves (Stevia Rebaudiana) by drying and varying drying time by 90 minutes, 110 minutes, 130 minutes, 150 minutes, 170 minutes and composition of 60:40, 65:35, 70:30, 75:25, 80:20 then the product is analyzed for antioxidants, calories, Fe, organoleptic, microbes, pH, and minerals contained in the mixture. In general, when compared with the SNI 3753: 2014 quality standard regarding teabag, the results of this study are better than the standard as it produces teabags with the highest antioxidant content characteristics at the time of drying 110 minutes with a composition of 65:35. In that condition, tea with the largest antioxidant content was 93.1005%/mg, after being brewed with water at a temperature of 700 ºC the antioxidant content dropped to 51.1345%, pH neutral 7, the organoleptic test that consumers liked was a composition of 65:35, Fe content obtained 12.07 mg/100gram. The group of diabetics who consume Sumatran tea has decreased blood sugar levels which tend to be normal. The results of calorie analysis of brewing tea are 0.2289 kcal/100 grams of sample. Sumatran tea contains minerals Na, Mg, K, Ca and has a durability of 3 months.

TEMPERATURE CONTROL DEVICES USING SOLAR PANELS TO REDUCE MORTALITY RATES IN CATFISH HATCHERIES IN KEDIRI REGENCY. Pelemahan District, Kediri Regency is one of the centers of catfish breeding that is visited by many industry players in the field of catfish enlargement for consumption. This nursery has been done for a long time in this region because of the good geographical and topographic conditions for catfish hatchery, so many entrepreneurs’ enlargement catfish for the consumption of buying catfish seeds in Kediri Regency. From the results of a survey of the Malang National Institute of Technology’s dedicated team for Pelemahan Subdistrict, there were several problems with the catfish breeding business, namely poor environmental conditions so that the number of dead fish caused by temperature changes caused the fish to become stressed. Water quality is a factor that must be cleaned because it is contaminated with catfish food and catfish feces. So that water circulation needs to be done, so a tool is made that can reduce the temperature of the water in the pool between 28-30 °C. The workings of the tool first measure the temperature of the water in the pond when the high temperature of the water pump will automatically turn on, until the temperature drops and to maintain clean water in the pool the water pump automatically turns on every three hours. Because the place of catfish is maintained which is sometimes far from home and to facilitate the maintenance of catfish, this tool is made easy to move, and using solar energy that is easily available. From the results of observing using a temperature controller in the pool can reduce the death rate due to stress and lack of oxygen.

The mechanism of the drying process is the process of heat transfer and mass transfer that takes place simultaneously. The pressure of the water vapor in the acid gelugur is higher than that on the surface interface of the gums and air acids. Intensity solar radiation averages around 300-590w / m2 and Ambient Temperature 28,830C. The hot air condition in the drying box averages 320C. The content of total citric acid gelugur acid was 1.2787% with 3mm slice thickness and 1.3981% with a 5mm slice thickness. Drying is done from 08.00-17.00 am with a hot air flow rate of 1.5m/s.

The purpose of this study was to find environmentally friendly-based composite materials by utilizing natural materials that have been underutilized. The environmentally friendly composite is biodegradable which means that if it is not used it can decompose and will not affect or damage the environment. Not all natural ingredients are environmentally friendly; this depends on the application of the material. Composites made from cocopeat utilization can be applied to broad technical requirements. The maximum composite tensile strength test results were 13,473 MPa obtained in composites with 60% matrix with 40% coconut powder, shape and size using ASTM D638-3 and average impact strength 0,00994 J/mm2 obtained from composite 60% matrix with coconut powder 40 % the shape and size using ASTM D790-3, the process of using hand lay up. Adding a polyester matrix to the composite can increase the mechanical strength of the composite. On the other hand, excessive coconut powder in the mass fraction composite will reduce its mechanical strength. The observation of SEM photos in coconut powder shows the pores that can be used further to tie more matrices and able to increase the mechanical strength of the coconut powder composite.

UKM Vellyn souvenir merupakan UKM yang bergerak dibidang sablon. Selama ini produk yang disablon dalam bentuk tas baik dari bahan plastic maupun spunbond. Proses sablon yang dilakukan menggunakan metode sablon manual, dimana proses pengeringan menggunakan panas matahari. Dengan proses ini memiliki kekurangan yaitu dalam kondisi mendung atau hujan proses sablon tidak dapat dilakukan. Hal ini menyebabkan terhambatnya proses produksi sablon. Dengan melihat permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh UKM tersebut, tim pengabdian masyarakat ITN Malang menerapkan metode sablon dalam proses pengeringan menggunakan pemanasan dan penyinaran buatan atau disebut alat layer afdruk screen sablon. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan metode pendekatan, dimana pada awal kegiatan melakukan diskusi untuk memecahkan permasalahan mitra, kemudian membuatkan alat layer afdruk untuk membantu proses sablon dan diakhir kegiatan melakukan pelatihan pada UKM. Dari hasil kegiatan tersebut dengan menerapkan teknologi pada UKM Vellyn Souvenir yang bergerak dibidang produksi sablon adalah meningkatnya jumlah produk yang dihasilkan baik dalam kondisi cuaca mendung atau hujan. Selain itu juga, waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam produksi semakin sedikit dibandingkan dengan pemanasan matahari. Dari data sebelumnya, rata – rata untuk mengerjakan sablon dengan jumlah 100 pcs tas spund bond membutuhkan waktu 15 jam dengan jumlah pekerja 3 orang. Dengan adanya alat layer afdruk sablon ini dalam memproduksi jumlah tersebut membutuhkan waktu 7 jam dengan jumlah pekerja 2 orang. Selain menghemat waktu, mitra juga dapat menghemat pengeluaran biaya produksi sehingga keuntungan yang didapatkan sekarang meningkat 30% dari keuntungan sebelumnya.

In this paper, a new permanent magnet generator structure was proposed in order to facilitate the implementation of the permanent magnet generator on small-scale renewable energy-based power generators. Detail characteristics of a double axial flux permanent magnet generator were analyzed. The proposed generator structure consisted of 2-sided rotors equipped with slots for placing permanent magnets. The stator side comprised 3 groups of coreless winding for realizing 3-phase output. Performances of the axial flux double permanent magnet generator were observed involving the output voltage, currents, and power. Two experimental scenarios have been tested to monitor the performance of the generator. In the first scenario, the loading condition which was represented by the star connection of 3 bulbs of 25 W has been considered. The rotational speed of the tested generator in this scenario was 501.9 rotation per minute (rpm). Under those loading circumstances, 3-phase sinusoidal output voltages with frequencies under 50 Hz have been monitored. Above 50 Hz operational frequency, the output voltage waveform slightly changed from sinusoidal to trapezoidal shapes. In the second scenario, the proposed generator was connected to the rectifier to form a DC system. The 45 W load has been considered in this DC scenario. Under the DC system test, 152.2 V output DC voltage, 0.1614 A current, and 24.976 W power have been monitored when the rotational speed of axial flux double permanent magnet generator was 847.9 rpm.

Pico hydro or a small scale hydroelectric power plant is used as the rotating energy of the generator. Pico hydro is a hydroelectric power plant that has a power of less than 5 kW. Technically, Pico hydro has three main components namely water, turbine and generator. Turbine type propeller reaction has a special profile that causes a decrease in water pressure during the blades. This pressure difference exerts force on the blade so that the runner (rotating part of the turbine) can rotate. Permanent magnets are used to produce magnetic flux. Permanent magnets used are rare-eatrhrod magnet material, neodymium-iron-boron NdFeB with N35 type. The planned generator released is 36.85 V, 500 rpm, 50 hz. This designed water turbine has four blades which cannot change its angle. As for the measurement results produce a voltage of 35.1 V with a manufacturing efficiency of 95 %. Charging the battery voltage must be more than 12 V, therefore the generator must be turned at least 200 rpm with a voltage of 14 V to be used for charging batteries. Keywords: Charging, hydroelectric power plant, neodymium, turbine type propeller, renewable energy

Solar energy is expected to fill the renewable energy target of Indonesia. Thus, the potency of solar energy resource in Indonesia need to be known exactly. In this study, the potency of solar energy in Medan city of Indonesia is estimated theoretically using clear sky radiation model. The estimation is compared with satellite measurement and field measurement. The solar resource satellite data drawn from the Global Solar Atlas, belongs to the World Bank Group and provided by SOLARGIS. The measurement is carried out at a location in Medan city at latitude 3o35’ North and longitude 98o39’ East using HOBO micro station data logger. The results shows that the theoretical clear sky radiation model, as expected, shows a higher solar irradiation. The measurement values are closer to data of satellite

Indonesia has targeted to reach 23% of renewable energy share by 2025. In order to meet the target, many researchers have focused on the explorations of renewable energy resources. One of the potential solutions to meet the target is the agricultural wastes, include corn cobs and areca nut fiber. In this study, the calorific value of corn cobs and areca nut fiber are tested. The corn cobs and areca nut fiber are collected from the farmers in Sumatera Utara province of Indonesia. In addition, the Paper waste is also tested. A bomb calorimeter of IKA C6000 is used to measure the energy content of the biomass. The results show that the calorific value of Corn cobs and Areca nut fiber is 5573 Cal/g and 4946 Cal/g, respectively.By using the average yearly production of Corn and Areca nut, these calorific values similar to 4,539 TOE and 4,653 TOE, respectively. If the potency can be used to replace the coal as an alternative fuel, this potency will reduce the Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. The potency of mitigation GHG by replacing Corncob and Areca nut fiber are 18,306 and 18,491 ton of CO2e.

The collector is the main component of the solar thermal system. The collector collects the heat of the sun’s energy, and then transfer this heat into a fluid. This paper studies the effect of an absorber tube with a tube finned of a solar flat plate water heater. The investigation of this system is carried using an experimental study. A plat absorber of 1.6 m x 1.1 m size was employed. Here, fins are used as an extended surface inside an absorber tube. Radiation, ambient temperature, mass flow, temperature water inlet, temperature water outlet was collected during the experiment. The performance of the water heater was discussed. The experimental performance of the system solar water heater was focused on measured collector’s outlet hot water temperature and solar irradiance power available during sunny hours. Thermal efficiency is found to be higher for utilized of tube fin.

Many rivers or streams of water around us can be used for energy. River flow is very promising to be utilized as much as possible in producing electricity. Potential energy from small river fluid flow or irrigation can be extracted into electricity that can be utilized. This research can be used as one of the references in varying the angle of inclination at the blades at 15°, 30°, and 45°. From the analysis of experimental results, the greatest efficiency obtained is 11.14% with an angle of 30° with turbine power of 104.62 watts. This is followed by the lowest efficiency at a slope angle of 45° with turbine power of 111.49 watts with an efficiency of 10.73%. From the highest and lowest results there is a slight difference in the value of efficiency which is classified as low. This is caused by differences in density causing water to pound on the blades made of acrylic with an iron frame to become heavy and friction on the v-belt and pully. Therefore, the rotation cannot produce the maximum transmission.

This research is aimed to increase the condensation rate of the Vacuum Desalination System by adding 20 twisted fins on the condenser. On the first day, by comparing energy before and after using fins, it was found that the fins effectivity was improved by 119 J, whether on the second day is improved by 101 J. The condensation rate is obtained on the first day at 8.00 in Western Indonesia Time with only 0.000102 kg/s, while the rate reached the top at 12:28 Western Indonesia Time with 0.000233 kg/s. The average experiment for one day is 0.000171 kg/s. On the second day the condensation rate at 8.00 Western Indonesia Time is about 0.000101 kg/s with highest condensate rate at 12.22 Western Indonesia Time with 0.000231 kg/s. The average condensate rate for the second day is 0.000159 kg/s. The result indicates that the first day produced 1.27 L/day freshwater whether on the second day produced 1.47 L/day.

Noise is unwanted sound of activity in a particular time and levels that can cause health problems and environmental comfort. Sound or sound is heard as the stimulation on the auditory nerve cells in the ear by a wave of longitudional caused the vibration of the sound or sound source and the waves propagate through the medium of air or any other conductor. Threshold noise received by normal human beings that is 85 dB, when the normal threshold above can lead to damage to the auditory system when not using protective tools in conducting activities. The noise can be avoided by way of designing construction work. In addition noise can be minimised with soundproofing materials. During this suppressor used i.e. from rubber, plastic and metal, but the materials used nowadays are not yet are biodegradable. Therefore, to minimize noise with materials that are biodegradable with composite materials. One effort in selecting materials that are biodegradable with coconut plant utilization have been known by the wider community wastes a lot of cocopeat i.e. we encounter in a craftsmen coir because its existence is underutilized by craftsmen. Natural fibers are biodegradable they have opportunities to be developed further into a composite reinforcement materials that have high performance as an alternative replacement of artificial fiber materials based compounds, hydrocarbons or metal.Methods used i.e. experimental methods, with chemical treatment of cocopeat aims to separate dirt and the lignin contained in the cocopeat so cocopeat can bind matrix that would have a high performance in the muffle the sound so that it can reduce noise. After treatment with alkali, creating a noise test specimens in accordance with the design of the mold. Then the noise testing was performed using a sound pressure level to know the ability of mute and SEM photographs to find causal in a composite able to absorb sound.The results showed, the percentage composition of the powder of coconut fibres (cocopeat) have an influence in absorbing sound. In this study the composition of the powder of coconut fibres (cocopeat) 60% has a high sound absorbency. Desible votes after going through the composite powder coconut fibres 60% has a value of 102.73 db at a distance of 50 cm, 100 db at a distance of 91.57 cm and 80.23 db at a distance of 150 cm. And sound absorbency coefficient on the composition of the powder of coconut fibres 60% has a value of 0.144 on a distance of 50 cm, 100 cm at a distance of 0.237 and 0.331 approximately 150 cm. Whereas in terms of surface morphology of SEM photo of that on the composition of the powder 60% coconut fibers have more porosity percentage which has absorption ability voice more effectively so that the sound after passing the composition of composite lower. Keywords: noise, Biodegradable Composite, cocopeat, SEM.

Seiring peningkatan pemakaian botol plastik menyebabkan timbulnya sampah botol plastik semakin menumpuk. yang menuntut pengelolaannya dilakukan secara benar agar dapat mengatasi penumpukan sampah. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan banyak cara, antara lain dengan menyusun botol plastik sedemikian rupa, sehingga kapasitas di dalam karung lebih banyak, merancang mesin pencacah yang nantinya akan digunakan untuk mencacah botol plastik sekaligus memperkecil jumlah transportasi yang digunakan pengepul plastik untuk disetorkan ke pabrik daur ulang. Hal ini juga dapat mengurangi dampak sampah botol plastik yang semakin hari semakin banyak terutama di lingkungan Kecamatan Lawang Kabupaten Malang. pencemaran lingkungan yang dapat menimbulkan masalah adalah pencemaran yang disebabkan oleh sampah plastik karena sulit didaur ulang. Pengelolaan sampah hendaknya menerapkan proses - proses, seperti Reduce (mengurangi), Reuse (menggunakan kembali), Recycle (mendaur ulang), Replace (mengganti barang berpotensi sampah ke arah bahan recycle) seperti yang dilakuan saat ini yaitu mencacah plastik yang nantinya bisa digunakan kembali. Konstruksi yang dirancang dan dibuat pada mesin pencacah botol plastik ini merupakan produk hasil modifikasi, yaitu produk yang sudah ada dengan mengalami perubahan - perubahan baik perubahan dalam bentuk dan ukurannya, bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, efektifitas, kualitas, penampilan dan keamanan pada mesin sehingga mudah dalam penggunaannya. Selain itu mesin pencacah botol plastik yang akan dibuat ini bersifat portable sehingga nantinya bisa dikembangkan kembali untuk pencacah sampah plastik berjenis lainnya. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan mesin teknologi tepat guna dapat meningkatkan nilai jual botol plastik bekas karena botol plastik bekas ini dijadikan biji plastik sehingga perusahaan yang menggunakan bahan baku plastik dapat langsung memakainya menjadi produk. Dalam proses menggunakan mesin dipengaruhi oleh model rancangan mata pisau dan rpm mesin. Untuk mendapatkan kualitas dan kuantitas produk yang maksimal pada model rancangan mata pisau bentuk V dan menggunakan rpm 800 dengan hasil yang didapat bentuk biji plastik yang kecil dan hasil yang didapat 1000 gram per menit.

Potensi kunyit untuk diolah menjadi berbagai macam aneka produk obat atau makanan sangat besar, karena masihbanyak masyarakat yang mekomsumsi obat-obatan maupun minuman tradisional secara alami sekarang ini contohnyaminuman kunir asem. Salah satu daerah penghasil kunyit adalah Kecamatan Slahung karena kondisi geografis yangcocok untuk komoditi kunyit. Dalam pengolohan kunyit mitra mengalami kesulitan dalam proses pengeringan kunyitkarena dalam proses pengeringan mitra memanfaatkan energi matahari, apabila mendung atau hujan mitramengumpulkan lagi seringkali timbul jamur karena kadar air di kunyit masih cukup tinggi. Sedangkan standar untukkunyit kering kadar airnya maksimal 12 %. Sehingga tim membuat pengering kunyit dengan bahan bakar LPG yang bisadikontrol kecepatan udara maupun temperatur yang ada didalam box pengering dan dilengkapi kaca transparan untukmelihat fisik kunyit di dalam box pengering

Masyarakat sekarang ini sudah banyak yang mencari kendaraan bermotor dengan emisi gas buang relatifrendah, konsumsi bbm semakin sedikit dan berbagai keunggulan lainnya. Sehingga kendaraan bermotor 4 langkahsemakin banyak diminati karena mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan motor 2langkah. salah satu permasalah yang banyak ditemukan yaitu camshaft pada motor 4 langkah karena pemakaian yangsudah lama maupun kesalahan dalam perawatan dapat merusak camshaft. Kegunaan camshaft yaitu untuk mengaturbuka maupun tutup bahan bakar kedalam ruang bakar dengan bantuan klep. Sehingga dibutuhkan mesin camshaft untukmembentuk ulang profil camshaft yang sudah aus. Setelah dilakukan percobaan untuk mendisain profil camshaft yangbaru dengan menggunakan mesin camshaft bersama mitra dihasilkan camshaft yang bagus sesuian keinginan dengantingkat kepresisian yang tinggi.

A natural vacuum solar desalination unit is studied experimentally. A lab scale natural vacuum desalination consists of evaporator and condenser as the main components are designed and fabricated. In order to transfer the heat from the solar collector into the evaporator a transfer fluid system using a pump powered by solar cell is employed. Thus, the solar collector is named as hybrid solar collector. The main objective here is to explore the characteristics of the main component and net efficiency of the system. The system is field tested by exposing the unit to solar irradiation on a top roof of a building in Medan city of Indonesia. The experiment was carried out from 8.00 to 16.00 local time. The results show that the natural vacuum solar desalination with hybrid solar collector can be operated perfectly. When the solar irradiation is relatively high, the desalination process occurs in the system. On the other hand, when the solar irradiation is relatively low, the evaporator will heat the solar collector and the desalination process is stopped. The net efficiency of the system is relatively low. It was 7.23%. It is suggested to provide further modification to improve the net efficiency of the system.A natural vacuum solar desalination unit is studied experimentally. A lab scale natural vacuum desalination consists of evaporator and condenser as the main components are designed and fabricated. In order to transfer the heat from the solar collector into the evaporator a transfer fluid system using a pump powered by solar cell is employed. Thus, the solar collector is named as hybrid solar collector. The main objective here is to explore the characteristics of the main component and net efficiency of the system. The system is field tested by exposing the unit to solar irradiation on a top roof of a building in Medan city of Indonesia. The experiment was carried out from 8.00 to 16.00 local time. The results show that the natural vacuum solar desalination with hybrid solar collector can be operated perfectly. When the solar irradiation is relatively high, the desalination process occurs in the system. On the other hand, when the solar irradiation is relatively low, the evaporator will heat the solar coll...

This hybrid composite is a combination of materials from cocopeat and brass powder as reinforcement with polyester resin as a binder. This hybrid composite is applied to disc pad product material. In the percentage of the composition will be affected of wear resistance of the product. The functions of disc pad as a brake where the principle works rubbing against the disc brake, it is necessary to have composite wear testing. This research method uses the ogoshi method on wear testing by varying the composition of the percentage of cocopeat and brass powder and in testing there are 2 treatments, namely dry and wet conditions. The results showed that sample 6 with a composition of 40% cocopeat and 60% brass powder had wear resistance of 3.3 x 10-6 mm2 / kg with a temperature of 41 °C in dry conditions and 2.02 x 10-6 mm2 / kg with a temperature of 40 °C wet. Wear resistance in sample 6 is higher than disc pad market and close to below the original market so that this composition can be recommended as a disc pad material.

A prototype of a constant flow type of Solar Gelugur Acid (Garcinia atroviridis) dryer using 2 racks was investigated experimentally. The aim is to explore the performance and characteristics of the prototype. A box of solar acid Gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) is designed and made. In experiments the thickness of Acid Gelugur consists of 3 mm and 5 mm. The speed of heat flow sourced from the solar collector is 1.5 m/s. Prototype exposed to sunlight located in the city of Medan. The average solar collector temperature is 92.20°C, the drying box temperature averages 33.54°C, Gelugur Acid Moisture average 94.42%, and Ambient Temperature data measured System efficiency is analyzed. The results showed that with a flow velocity of 1.5m/s constant, the percentage of acid content in Acid Gelugur (Garcinia Atroviridis) with a slice thickness of 3mm was greater than that of 5mm with drying for 8 hours.

Potential renewable energy source that can be greatly utilized is the water flow, namely hydropower. The hydropower is one of the efforts to answer the energy crisis occurred in several regions due to lack of awareness to develop alternative energy. This effort will be done by designing a hydroelectric power plant. Before being made, it was studied using CFD simulation using Ansys Student Version 19.1 that was calculated based on flow assumptions. One model of the approach used is k-epsilon, with the initial flow rate of 5 m/s. By using water-liquid fluid material, the speed of water produced around the wheel is 2.19 m/s while the speed of water after passing the water wheel is 5.07m/s.

Many water sources around us which have kinetic energy to run waterwheels are not optimally utilized. This energy can be converted into an energy source that can produce electricity. Therefore this study produced a design of a waterwheel that could be used in low-flow rivers to produce electricity by adding generators. Waterwheel modeling using Ansys is calculated based on flow assumptions. Modeling using this system provides advantages in the form of computational power efficiency, the stability of numerical calculations and the accuracy of the resulting solutions. Numerical analysis of the waterwheel is assumed that the waterwheel is half floating on the surface of the water. As stated in the limitation of the problem that the incoming water flowing at a speed of 5 m/s from the flow moves the wheel. The flow rate of water that hit the blade on the waterwheel causes the waterwheel to rotate which is pressured by the flow of water with a number of 12 blades. With a relatively simple design, the waterwheel produces a wheel rotation I of 91 Rpm and II of 78 Rpm, with a torque of 39.2 N by using some analysis of this design can be applied to river flow with low flow velocity. The relatively simple design makes it easy to be produced and maintenance. River flow used is in the Malang District with a flow velocity of 1 m/s gets a power of 1128 W on waterwheel I while on waterwheel II gets a power of 967 W.

Sambel Pecel merupakan makanan khas Jawa Timur khususnya daerah Blitar, Kediri dan Tulungagung. Prospek wirausaha sambel pecel ini sangat menguntungkan dan berkelanjutan, karena makanan jenis ini banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat jawa timur dan menjadi pusat oleh - oleh bagi masyarakat pendatang. Produksi sambel pecel sekarang ini sudah mulai menyebar ditempat - tempat lain didaerah jawa timur, seperti daerah Pasuruan khususnya kecamatan Purwosari. Pengusaha sambel pecel cap "mawar" di Purwosari ini merupakan resep turunan dari keluarga yang berasal dari Blitar. Selama proses produksinya ditemukan beberapa kekurangan yang tidak mengikuti standar Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) sehingga pada saat di uji laboratorium kesehatan masih belum lolos uji. Setelah dilakukan survei ditempat produksi terdapat salah satu proses yang tidak mengikuti standar GMP dalam produksi yaitu proses penggilingan kacang. oleh karena itu dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat, tim akan mengkonsep mesin grinding serba guna untuk digunakan sebagai penggilingan kacang. Dari hasil kegiatan yang telah dilakukan, mesin penggiling sambel pecel dengan kapasitas alat 166,67 gram/menit menggunakan motor listrik 1 HP sebagai penggerak dapat digunakan mitra sebagai alat penggiling sambel pecel dengan mudah. Dengan adanya mesin penggiling ini, produksi mitra higienitas produk terjaga dan dapat meminimalisir biaya produksi sehingga keuntungan mitra meningkat.

There is a huge potential of turmeric to be processed into various kinds of medicines or food products as there are still many people consuming traditional medicines and beverages for their health. Thisleads to the need of a clean raw turmeric processing, in spite of the fact that turmeric commodity grown in the high lands. The process of direct turmeric drying can not be maximal because of the low solar intensity caused by cloudy weather. If the drying process continues to constantly produce 12% water level, the turmeric medium will be damaged due to fungus arise on the surface of turmeric influenced by high humidity factor. Therefore a closed turmeric dryer with LPG fuel at a low cost is made. Using ST 37 material for the construction frame, while the inner cover uses stainless steel, and for the outside cover uses hot rolled steel sheet material. In addition, the dryer used can be controlled by air velocity and temperature in the drying cabinet and equipped with transparent glass to see the physical state of the turmeric inside. Obtained temperature during experiment is 50-550C in average with drying duration of 60 minutes with 0,15 m / s air speed and the water level obtained is 12% with the efficiency degree equal to 59%.

To reduce heat loses in a flat plate solar collector, double glasses cover is employed. Several studies show that the heat loss from the glass cover is still very significant in comparison with other losses. Here, double glasses cover with attached fins is proposed. In the present work, the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of the enclosure between the double glass cover are investigated numerically. The objective is to examine the effect of the fin to the heat transfer rate of the cover. Two-dimensional governing equations are developed. The governing equations and the boundary conditions are solved using commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics code. The fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are plotted, and numerical results are compared with empirical correlation. The results show that the presence of the fin strongly affects the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics. The fin can reduce the heat transfer rate up to 22.42% in comparison with double glasses cover without fins.

Indonesia is a potential country in developing essential oils which is each part of the plants produce essential oils such as leaf, seed, fruit, and root. One of the potential plants is fennel. Fennel oil distillation used fennel seed from Cepogo District, Boyolali Regency. The characteristics of the seed are; the color is black and the length is 0,2 centimeters. The condition operation to exctract of the fennel seed are 1 atm and 7,5 hours. The calculation of the time started when the first fennel oil dropped into the decanter. It finished when the fennel oil was not dropped anymore. The color is bright and muddy. The last process is add 1% (m/m) Na 2 SO 4 anhidrous into fennel oil to absorp remain water in it. The distillation process produce fennel oil102,125 grams. Sample of fennel oil tested which are density test, solubility on 90% alcohol, GC-MS test, and AAS test. The result shows that fennel oil from the fennel seed is 2,0425%. The tested samples contain the brightest and the muddies sample. The density of 0,9500 and 0,949 g/cc respectively that is not fulfill to the Food Chemical Codex (FCC). Samples solubility in 90% alcohol (1:3) is fulfill to the the Food Chemical Codex (FCC). Three main components of the brightest sample are anethole (47,51%), estragole (22,41%), and α-fensone (21,92%) while the muddiest sample’s components are anethole (52,38%), estragole (21,37%),and α-fensone (15,74%). The AAS test shows that fennel oil contains 65,1473 ppm which does not fulfill the Indonesian National Standards of patchouli and clove leaf oil. [Keywords — essential oil ; extraction; fennel seed; steam distillation

In this work, a small air cooled single cylinder of diesel engine with a rated power of 2.5 kW at 3000 rpm is tested in two different modes. In the first mode, the CI engines run on diesel fuel mode. In the second mode, the CI engine run on liquified petroleum gas (LPG) mode. In order to simulate the load, a generator is employed. The load is fixed at 800 W and engine speed varies from 2400 rpm to 3400 rpm. The out power, specific fuel consumption, and brake thermal efficiency resulted from the engine in both modes are compared. The results show that the output power of the CI engine run on LPG fuel is comparable with the engine run on diesel fuel. However, the specific fuel consumption of the CI engine with LPG fuel is higher 17.53% in average in comparison with the CI engine run on diesel fuel. The efficiency of the CI engine with LPG fuel is lower 21.43% in average in comparison with the CI engine run on diesel fuel.