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Copyright of Cahiers Santé - Médecine Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cahiers Santé - Médecine Thérapeutique is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. Tumor budding is now emerging as one of the robust and promising histological factors that play an important role in colon cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between tumor budding and tumor clinicopathological factors, tumor molecular signature, and patient survival for the first time in a Moroccan population. Methods. We collected data of 100 patients operated from colon adenocarcinoma. Tumor budding was assessed on HES slides, according to the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference 2016 recommendations. The expression of MMR proteins was performed by immunohistochemistry. KRAS and NRAS mutations testing was performed by Sanger sequencing and pyrosequencing. Results. High tumor budding grade (BUD 3) was found to be significantly associated with adverse clinicopathological features including older age (P = 0.03), presence of perineural invasion (P = 0.02), presence of vascular invasion (P = 0.05), distant metastases (P < 0.001), advanced TNM stage (P = 0.001), the occurrence of relapse (P = 0.04), and the high number of deceased cases (P = 0.02). Interestingly, we found that tumors with high-grade tumor budding were more likely to be microsatellite stable (MSS) (P = 0.005) and harbor more KRAS mutations (P = 0.02). Tumors with high-grade tumor budding were strongly associated with KRAS G12D mutation (P = 0.007). In all stages, high tumor budding was correlated with poorer overall survival (P = 0.04) and decreased relapse-free survival with a difference close to significance ((P = 0.09). We concluded that high tumor budding was strongly associated with unfavorable clinicopathological features and special molecular biomarkers and effectively affects the overall survival of CC patients. Conclusions. Based on these findings and the ITBCC group recommendations, tumor budding should be taken into account along with other clinicopathologic factors in the risk assessment of colorectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, neoadjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision as a standard of care. We aimed to explore the number, size, germinal centers, extracapsular invasion of lymph nodes (LN), and their impact on overall survival and disease free survival. Furthermore we also investigated the characteristics of lymph nodes in patients who received neoadjuvant therapy and those who underwent surgery between 2011 and 2018. The count and measurement of lymph nodes was assessed by careful visual inspection and manual palpation. The predictive cut-off value of the lymph node ratio (LNR) was determined based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), method and the survival outcomes based on Kaplan-Meier curves. We found that the size and the number of lymph nodes decreased significantly after neoadjuvant treatment. The mean LN for patients who received neoadjuvant therapy was 12.68 ± 6.69 and for patients who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy was 16.29 ± 5.61 (P = .012). The average size for patients who received neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery was 3.30 ± 1.10 versus 4.22 ± 1.18 mm for control group (surgery only) (P < .001), an LNR of 0.13 (sensitivity: 86%, specificity: 47%, AUC: 60%, 95% CI, 0.41%-0.76%) predicted recurrence and metastasis. Presence of lymph nodes with germinal centers was significantly associated with absence of vascular invasion, nodal tumor deposits, distant metastasis, and lower age group (<50 years). However there was no association seen between overall survival and relapse free, total number of lymph nodes enlarged and extracapsular invasion in positive nodes. Finally there is no association between lymph nodes with germinal centers and tumor response after neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between red and white meat subtypes, processed meat (divided into traditional "Khlii, Kaddid" and industrially processed meat) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, considering CRC subsites, in Moroccan adults. A case–control study was conducted including 2,906 matched case–control pairs recruited from the five largest university hospitals in Morocco. Dietary data were collected through a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariable odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), for the association of CRC risk with meat consumption (high vs. low intake), were estimated using conditional logistic regression models, adjusted for relevant confounding variables. Overall, consumption of red meat was positively associated with colon cancer and CRC risk (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.05–1.44; OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02–1.27), respectively. In contrast, no significant association was observed between the consumption of red meat and rectal cancer risk (OR = 1.05, 95% = 0.90–1.23). Interestingly, while processed meat from industrial processes was positively associated with colon cancer, rectal cancer and CRC (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.27–2.04; OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.34–2.23; OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.41–1.98), processed meat prepared using traditional methods was inversely associated with colon cancer and CRC risk (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.57–0.98; OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.64–0.93), respectively. Furthermore, positive associations were observed between poultry intake and colon cancer risk among men (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.01–1.59). Our study showed similar associations between the consumption of red meat and CRC risk in Morocco as in developed countries, while inverse associations were found for traditionally processed meat products. This is the first study to investigate the differential effects of traditional vs. westernized processed meat products in a developing country. Other studies are needed to confirm these findings and to understand the physiological pathways underlying these associations. What's new? High intake of processed red meat has been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). In developing countries like Morocco, traditionally processed meat such as: Kaddid and Khlii are still consumed at significant levels. Are these also associated with increased CRC risk? In this study, the authors found that the answer is no. However, industrially processed meats showed a similar increased risk as that seen in industrialized Western countries. These findings support further research into the health effects of traditionally processed meats in North African countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: La leptospirose ictérohémorragique se caractérise par un fort polymorphisme clinique, avec un tropisme hépatique, rénal et méningé. Il existe très peu d'études concernant la situation de la maladie au Maroc. Patients et méthode : il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective descriptive des cas de leptospirose hospitalisés dans le service d'hépatogastroentérologie du CHU Hassan II, de Fès, entre janvier 2004 et mars 2015. Résultats : cent patients ont été colligés, d'âge moyen 38 ans, avec un sex-ratio H/F de 5,25. L'affection sévissait surtout en été et en automne ; 27 % des cas étaient liés à une exposition professionnelle, dont 42 % avaient été en contact avec un milieu hydrique suspect. Un syndrome pseudo-grippal était présent dans 66 % des cas. Le motif fréquent de consultation était l'ictère fébrile (62 %). Une atteinte rénale avec oligoanurie était notée dans 32 % des cas. Les manifestations hémorragiques étaient fréquentes, notamment l'épistaxis (45 %), les gingivorragies (31 %) ou les hémorragies digestives (18 %), jusqu'au syndrome hémorragique pulmonaire sévère (3 %). Le test sérologique de Martin et Pettit, réalisé chez quarante-cinq patients, était positif chez trente-trois. Une antibiothérapie à base de pénicilline G avec relais oral par les cyclines a été prescrite à 92 % des malades. L'évolution était favorable dans 85 % des cas, avec cinq décès. Conclusion : la leptospirose présente un large spectre de manifestations cliniques, du simple syndrome pseudo-grippal (le plus fréquent) à l'atteinte pluriviscérale dont la forme clinique typique est le syndrome de Weil. La biologie demeure fondamentale pour la confirmation du diagnostic de leptospirose ; le traitement de première intention de la leptospirose fait appel à la pénicilline G par voie intraveineuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on cases of acute cytomegalovirus hepatitis. Non-alphabetical viral hepatitis is rare in immunocompetent subjects and occurs more readily in immunocompromised subjects. In developed countries, most of these are caused by three viruses: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes. CMV hepatitis can be serious with sometimes fulminant forms, especially in immunocompromised subjects, pregnant women and newborns, with significant morbidity and mortality.

Copyright of Pan African Medical Journal is the property of Pan African Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)