21 results on '"El-Husseiny N"'
Search Results
2. 364 Myelodysplastic syndrome. Egyptian experience
- Author
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Mattar, M., primary, El Husseiny, N., additional, and Asaad, S., additional
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- 2011
- Full Text
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3. The effect of monophosphoryl lipid a on maturation of DCs from patients with acute myeloid Leukaemia
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El Husseiny, N. M., Elkak, W. A. E. F. A., El Ansary, M. S., Engy El Khateeb, Mattar, M. W., and El Demerdash, D. M.
4. Use of by-pass cement on the production of sodium chromate from pellets containing chromite ore concentrate and soda ash.
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Ahmed, Y. M. Z., Mohamed, F. M., El-Husseiny, N. A., and Shalabi, M. E.
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CEMENT , *CHROMIUM compounds , *SODIUM chromate , *CHROMITE , *SODIUM carbonate - Abstract
The amount of by-pass cement produced from Egyptian Cement Companies is more than 10% of the total cement production. This dust is harmful on the health of human beings especially for those living near the company. It is known that the preparation and crushing of the raw materials for cement production is a highly expensive step. Accordingly, decreasing the amount of dust reduces the production cost of cement per ton. Many investigations were carried out to solve this problem by recycling this dust in alternative processes (e.g. use it in the production of cement, clay bricks, or as a fertilizer by mixing it with sewage water). Recycling it with raw materials can only be carried out in the wet process of cement production. Unfortunately, up till now these solutions has not yet been sufficient. In this investigation, a trial is made to use such dust as catalytic material in the production of sodium chromate. In this investigation, two feed materials consist of the chromite ore concentrate and soda ash with examined. The suitable pellets (from its mechanical properties point of view) were subjected to firing process at different temperatures, then the roasted pellets were dissolved in hot water and the sodium chromate was extracted from it. Also this paper studied the kinetics of formation of sodium chromate for both pellet types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
5. Synchrotron Fourier-Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy: Characterization of in vitro polarized tumor-associated macrophages stimulated by the secretome of inflammatory and non-inflammatory breast cancer cells.
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Mohamed HT, Kamel G, El-Husseiny N, El-Sharkawy AA, El-Sherif AA, El-Shinawi M, and Mohamed MM
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- Humans, Synchrotrons, Secretome, Amides, Tumor Microenvironment, Tumor-Associated Macrophages, Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms genetics, Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms metabolism, Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Studies suggested that the pathogenesis of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is related to inflammatory manifestations accompanied by specific cellular and molecular mechanisms in the IBC tumor microenvironment (TME). IBC is characterized by significantly higher infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that contribute to its metastatic process via secreting many cytokines such as TNF, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 that enhance invasion and angiogenesis. Thus, there is a need to first understand how IBC-TME modulates the polarization of TAMs to better understand the role of TAMs in IBC. Herein, we used gene expression signature and Synchrotron Fourier-Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (SR-μFTIR) to study the molecular and biochemical changes, respectively of in vitro polarized TAMs stimulated by the secretome of IBC and non-IBC cells. The gene expression signature showed significant differences in the macrophage's polarization-related genes between stimulated TAMs. FTIR spectra showed absorption bands in the region of 1700-1500 cm
-1 attributed to the amide I ν(C=O), & νAS (CN), δ (NH), and amide II ν(CN), δ (NH) proteins bands. Moreover, three peaks of different intensities and areas were detected in the lipid region of the νCH2 and νCH3 stretching modes positioned within the 3000-2800 cm-1 range. The PCA analysis for the second derivative spectra of the amide regions discriminates between stimulated IBC and non-IBC TAMs. This study showed that IBC and non-IBC TMEs differentially modulate the polarization of TAMs and SR-μFTIR can determine these biochemical changes which will help to better understand the potential role of TAMs in IBC., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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6. The role of miRNAs in viral myocarditis, and its possible implication in induction of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines-induced myocarditis.
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AbdelMassih A, Agha H, El-Saiedi S, El-Sisi A, El Shershaby M, Gaber H, Ismail HA, El-Husseiny N, Amin AR, ElBoraie A, Ayad A, Menshawey E, Sefein F, Osman II, Moursi M, Hanafy M, Abdelaziz MS, Arsanyous MB, Khaled-Ibn-El-Walid M, Tawfik MG, Habib M, Mansour ME, Ashraf M, Khattab MA, Alshehry N, Hafez N, ElDeeb NE, Ashraf N, Khalil N, AbdElSalam NI, Shebl N, Hafez NGA, Youssef NH, Bahnan O, Ismail P, Kelada P, Menshawey R, Saeed R, Husseiny RJ, Yasser R, Sharaf S, Adel V, Naeem Y, Nicola YNF, Kamel A, Hozaien R, and Fouda R
- Abstract
Background: Several reports of unheeded complications secondary to the current mass international rollout of SARS-COV-2 vaccines, one of which is myocarditis occurring with the FDA fully approved vaccine, Pfizer, and others., Main Body of the Abstract: Certain miRNAs (non-coding RNA sequences) are involved in the pathogenesis in viral myocarditis, and those miRNAs are interestingly upregulated in severe COVID-19. We hypothesize that the use of mRNA-based vaccines may be triggering the release of host miRNAs or that trigger the occurrence of myocarditis. This is based on the finding of altered host miRNA expression promoting virus-induced myocarditis., Short Conclusion: In conclusion, miRNAs are likely implicated in myocarditis associated with mRNA vaccines. Our hypothesis suggests the use of miRNA as a biomarker for the diagnosis of mRNA vaccine-induced myocarditis. Additionally, the interplay between viral miRNA and the host immune system could alter inflammatory profiles, hence suggesting the use of therapeutic inhibition to prevent such complications., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
- Published
- 2022
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7. From HIV to COVID-19, Molecular mechanisms of pathogens' trade-off and persistence in the community, potential targets for new drug development.
- Author
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AbdelMassih A, Sedky A, Shalaby A, Shalaby AF, Yasser A, Mohyeldin A, Amin B, Saleheen B, Osman D, Samuel E, Abdelfatah E, Albustami E, ElGhamry F, Khaled H, Amr H, Gaber H, Makhlouf I, Abdeldayem J, El-Beialy JW, Milad K, El Sharkawi L, Abosenna L, Safi MG, AbdelKareem M, Gaber M, Elkady M, Ihab M, AbdelRaouf N, Khaled R, Shalata R, Mahgoub R, Jamal S, El Hawary SE, ElRashidy S, El Shorbagy S, Gerges T, Kassem Y, Magdy Y, Omar Y, Shokry Y, Kamel A, Hozaien R, El-Husseiny N, and El Shershaby M
- Abstract
Background: On the staggering emergence of the Omicron variant, numerous questions arose about the evolution of virulence and transmissibility in microbes., Main Body of the Abstract: The trade-off hypothesis has long speculated the exchange of virulence for the sake of superior transmissibility in a wide array of pathogens. While this certainly applies to the case of the Omicron variant, along with influenza virus, various reports have been allocated for an array of pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malaria, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and tuberculosis (TB). The latter abide to another form of trade-off, the invasion-persistence trade-off. In this study, we aim to explore the molecular mechanisms and mutations of different obligate intracellular pathogens that attenuated their more morbid characters, virulence in acute infections and invasion in chronic infections., Short Conclusion: Recognizing the mutations that attenuate the most morbid characters of pathogens such as virulence or persistence can help in tailoring new therapies for such pathogens. Targeting macrophage tropism of HIV by carbohydrate-binding agents, or targeting the TMPRSS2 receptors to prevent pulmonary infiltrates of COVID-19 is an example of how important is to recognize such genetic mechanisms., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.)
- Published
- 2022
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8. The potential role of inhaled nitric oxide for postexposure chemoprophylaxis of COVID-19.
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AbdelMassih A, Hozaien R, El Shershaby M, Kamel A, Ismail HA, Arsanyous M, El-Husseiny N, Khalil N, Naeem Y, and Fouda R
- Abstract
Background: Several vaccines have been fast-tracked in an attempt to decrease the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. However, post-exposure prophylaxis has been overlooked in battling COVID-19., Main Text: Inhaled nitric oxide is a potential tool in post-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19. It decreases cytosolic calcium levels, which impairs the action of Furin. SARS-CoV-2 uses Furin to replicate in the respiratory tract., Short Conclusion: Inhaled nitric oxide could decrease the viral load in the upper respiratory tract, abort clinically symptomatic infection, and prevent subsequent complications. Nitric oxide might be a tool for post-exposure chemoprophylaxis in at-risk groups, especially medical personnel., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
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9. Antimicrobial stewardship solutions with a smart innovative tool.
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Shawki MA, AlSetohy WM, Ali KA, Ibrahim MR, El-Husseiny N, and Sabry NA
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- Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Humans, Length of Stay, Longitudinal Studies, Medicare, United States, Antimicrobial Stewardship
- Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial consumption has been increasing lately. Hence, effective strategies are required to control antimicrobial use and decrease the development of antimicrobial resistance., Objective: To evaluate the impact of the use of a mobile app on the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) interventions., Methods: This was a longitudinal study conducted at El-Nile Badrawi Hospital in Cairo, Egypt, on inpatients receiving antimicrobials from January 2018 to December 2019. The study included 2 phases: the preimplementation phase, which included a paper-based ASP developed according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs 2014, and the mobile app phase where the MEDIcare Pro mobile app was developed and used in ASP intervention implementation. The study outcomes were antimicrobial consumption and cost, length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, 30-day mortality rate and readmission rate, and detection of drug-related problems (DRPs)., Results: The mobile app statistically significantly decreased antimicrobial consumption from 75.1 defined daily dose (DDD)/100 bed-days in the preimplementation phase to 64.65 DDD/100 bed-days in the mobile app phase, with a total cost savings of E£1,237,476. There was a significant reduction in the length of ICU stay, with a mean difference of 1.63 days between the 2 phases, but no significance was detected regarding length of hospital stay or readmission rate. There was a statistically significant decrease in mortality rate from 1.17% in the preimplementation phase to 0.83% in the mobile app phase (P = 0.02). The frequency of DRPs detected by pharmacists statistically significantly increased from 0.54/100 bed-days in the preimplementation phase to 3.23/100 bed-days in the mobile app phase., Conclusion: The use of a mobile app was found to be effective, applicable, and usable in guiding health professionals on rational antimicrobial use., (Copyright © 2021 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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10. PPAR agonists as effective adjuvants for COVID-19 vaccines, by modifying immunogenetics: a review of literature.
- Author
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AbdelMassih AF, Menshawey R, Ismail JH, Husseiny RJ, Husseiny YM, Yacoub S, Kamel A, Hozaien R, Yacoub E, Menshawey E, Abdelmalek A, Abouelazaem A, Elhatw A, Aboelmaaty A, Shahib A, Mansour A, Kamal A, Mohamed B, Atif B, Ghabreal B, Abdelmalak C, Ibrahim D, Elsaify E, Magdy F, Hanna FG, Hafez H, Dahir H, Merhom K, Ahmed M, Bishara M, Tawfik M, Youssef M, El Sharnouby M, Hamouda M, Ammar M, Ali N, Daniel N, El-Husseiny N, Abdelraouf N, Abdelhameed NK, Ahmed R, Othman R, Mohamadein R, Allam R, Elgendy R, Shebl R, Elsherbiney S, Fouad S, Emel S, Owais S, Hetta S, El-Saman S, Abdelalim S, Galal S, Asar Y, Osman Y, Khalaf Y, Aziz Y, Khafagy Y, Gamal N, and Castaldi B
- Abstract
Background: Several coronavirus vaccine have been fast-tracked to halt the pandemic, the usage of immune adjuvants that can boost immunological memory has come up to the surface. This is particularly of importance in view of the rates of failure of seroconversion and re-infection after COVID-19 infection, which could make the vaccine role and response debatable. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have an established immune-modulatory role, but their effects as adjuvants to vaccination have not been explored to date. It is increasingly recognized that PPAR agonists can upregulate the levels of anti-apoptotic factors such as MCL-1. Such effect can improve the results of vaccination by enhancing the longevity of long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs). The interaction between PPAR agonists and the immune system does not halt here, as T cell memory is also stimulated through enhanced T regulatory cells, antagonizing PD-L1 and switching the metabolism of T cells to fatty acid oxidation, which has a remarkable effect on the persistence of T memory cells. What is even of a more significant value is the effect of PPAR gamma on ensuring a profound secretion of antibodies upon re-exposure to the offending antigen through upregulating lipoxin B4, therefore potentially assisting the vaccine response and deterring re-infection., Short Conclusion: In view of the above, we suggest the use of PPAR as adjuvants to vaccines in general especially the emerging COVID-19 vaccine due to their role in enhancing immunologic memory through DNA-dependent mechanisms.
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- 2021
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11. IL-8 secreted by tumor associated macrophages contribute to lapatinib resistance in HER2-positive locally advanced breast cancer via activation of Src/STAT3/ERK1/2-mediated EGFR signaling.
- Author
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Ahmed S, Mohamed HT, El-Husseiny N, El Mahdy MM, Safwat G, Diab AA, El-Sherif AA, El-Shinawi M, and Mohamed MM
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- Adult, Aged, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Breast Neoplasms metabolism, Cell Line, Tumor, ErbB Receptors metabolism, Female, Humans, Lapatinib pharmacology, MAP Kinase Signaling System drug effects, Mastectomy, Middle Aged, Receptor, ErbB-2 metabolism, Signal Transduction drug effects, Breast Neoplasms surgery, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Interleukin-8 metabolism, Tumor-Associated Macrophages immunology
- Abstract
Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is an aggressive disease characterized by late clinical presentation, large tumor size, treatment resistance and low survival rate. Expression of EGFR/HER2 and activation of intracellular tyrosine kinase domains in LABC are associated with poor prognosis. Thus, target therapies such as the anti-receptor tyrosine kinases lapatinib drug have been more developed in the past decade. The response to lapatinib involves the inhibition of RTKs and subsequently signaling molecules such as Src/STAT3/Erk1/2 known also to be activated by the cytokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The aim of the present study is to identify the major cytokine that might contribute to lapatinib resistance in EGFR+/HER2+ LABC patients. Indeed, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are the main source of cytokines in the TME. Herein, we isolated TAMs from LABC during modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Cytokine profile of TAMs revealed that IL-8 is the most prominent highly secreted cytokine by TAMs of LABC patients. Using in-vitro cell culture model we showed that recombinant IL-8 (50 and 100 ng/mL) at different time intervals interfere with lapatinib action via activation of Src/EGFR and signaling molecules known to be inhibited during treatment. We proposed that to improve LABC patients' response to lapatinib treatment it is preferred to use combined therapy that neutralize or block the action of IL-8., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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12. The potential use of lactate blockers for the prevention of COVID-19 worst outcome, insights from exercise immunology.
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AbdelMassih AF, Menshawey R, Hozaien R, Kamel A, Mishriky F, Husseiny RJ, Hanoura AM, Yacoub E, AlShehry N, Menshawey E, El-Husseiny N, Yasser R, Arsanyous M, Nathan L, Seyam M, Massoud D, Ali N, Kassim A, AmanAllah M, Elsayed R, Sheashaa H, Husseiny Y, Hassan NH, Badr K, Elkhateb A, Fouad V, Elfishawy M, Medhat O, Mustafa M, Khalil N, Elsayed R, Nada Y, Elshawarbi P, Abdelmoneim N, Gamal N, Messiha M, Ghazy M, Abdelfatah E, Nasry F, Gayed R, Eesa M, Luis M, Eskandar E, Yacoub S, Saud A, Rajab M, Abdelaziz M, Elgamal N, Jaber H, Tayssir S, Michael M, Sabry A, Shehata J, Abdelaziz R, Rateb S, El-Maghraby A, Mahjoub Y, Amr A, Mabrouk A, Kelada P, Ragab S, Eltaher B, Hassan Galal R, Aly OM, Aly T, AbdelHaleem R, ElShaarawy A, and Mohamed O
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- Anaerobiosis immunology, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 physiopathology, Exercise physiology, Humans, Inflammation immunology, Interleukin-6 blood, Lactic Acid immunology, Lactic Acid metabolism, Models, Immunological, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Lactic Acid antagonists & inhibitors, COVID-19 Drug Treatment
- Abstract
Following the decline in Physical Activity (PA) due to COVID-19 restrictions in the form of government mandated lockdowns and closures of public spaces, the modulatory effect of physical exercise on immunity is being heavily revisited. In an attempt to comprehend the wide discrepancy in patient response to COVID-19 and the factors that potentially modulate it, we summarize the findings relating PA to inflammation and immunity. A distinction is drawn between moderate intensity and high intensity physical exercise based on the high lactate production observed in the latter. We hypothesize that, the lactate production associated with high intensity anaerobic exercise is implicated in the modulation of several components of the innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we also summarize these immunomodulatory effects of lactate. These include increasing serum IL-6 levels, the main mediator of cytokine storms, as well as affecting NK cells, Macrophages, Dendritic cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. The implications of high lactate levels in athletic performance are highlighted where athletes should undergo endurance training to increase VO2 max and minimize lactate production. Tumor models of hypoxia were also reported where lactate levels are elevated leading to increased invasiveness and angiogenesis. Accordingly, the novel lactate blocking strategy employed in cancer treatment is evaluated for its potential benefit in COVID-19 in addition to the readily available beta-blockers as an antagonist to lactate. Finally, we suggest the diagnostic/prognostic purpose of the elevated lactate levels that can be determined through sweat lactate testing. It is the detrimental effect of lactate on immunity and its presence in sweat that qualify it to be used as a potential non-invasive marker of poor COVID-19 outcome., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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13. Salivary markers and coronavirus disease 2019: insights from cross-talk between the oral microbiome and pulmonary and systemic low-grade inflammation and implications for vascular complications.
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AbdelMassih A, Hassan AA, Abou-Zeid AS, Hassan A, Hussein E, Gadalla M, Hussein M, Eid MA, Elahmady M, El Nahhas N, Emad N, Zahra N, Aboushadi N, Ibrahim N, Mokhtar S, Ismail HA, El-Husseiny N, Moharam RK, Menshawey E, and Menshawey R
- Abstract
To date, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected over 6.2 million individuals worldwide, including 1.46 million deaths. COVID-19 complications are mainly induced by low-grade inflammation-causing vascular degeneration. There is an increasing body of evidence that suggests that oral dysbiotic taxa are associated with worse prognosis in COVID-19 patients, especially the Prevotella genus, which was retrieved from nasopharyngeal and bronchoalveolar lavage samples in affected patients. Oral dysbiosis may act by increasing the likelihood of vascular complications through low-grade inflammation, as well as impairing respiratory mucosal barrier mechanisms against SARS-CoV-2. Salivary markers can be used to reflect this oral dysbiosis and its subsequent damaging effects on and the lungs and vasculature. Salivary sampling can be self-collected, and is less costly and less invasive, and thus may be a superior option to serum markers in risk stratification of COVID-19 patients. Prospective studies are needed to confirm such hypothesis. Video Abstract: http://links.lww.com/CAEN/A28., (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
- Published
- 2021
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14. Single cell sequencing unraveling genetic basis of severe COVID19 in obesity.
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AbdelMassih AF, Fouda R, Kamel A, Mishriky F, Ismail HA, El Qadi L, Malak L, Mohamed M, Arsanyous M, Hazem M, El-Husseiny M, Ashraf M, Hafez N, AlShehry N, El-Husseiny N, AbdelRaouf N, Shebl N, Hafez N, Youssef N, Afdal P, Hozaien R, Menshawey R, Saeed R, Yasser R, Hesham S, Zakarriah W, Khattab S, Elammary Y, and Ye J
- Abstract
COVID-19 has shown a substantial variation in the rate and severity by which it impacts different demographic groups. Specifically, it has shown a predilection towards obese patients as well as well as other vulnerable groups including predilection of males over females, old age over young age and black races over Caucasian ones. Single cell sequencing studies have highlighted the role of cell polarity and the co-expression of proteases, such as Furin, along with ACE2 in the genesis of coronavirus disease rather than exclusively link tissue involvement with ACE2 levels thought previously. It has also forged a connection between the genetic and immune cellular mechanisms underlying COVID infection and the inflammatory state of obese patients, offering a more accurate explanation as to why obese patients are at increased risk of poor COVID outcomes. These commonalities encompass macrophage phenotype switching, genetic expression switching, and overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, depletion of the regulatory cytokines, in situ T cell proliferation, and T cell exhaustion. These findings demonstrate the necessity of single cell sequencing as a rapid means to identify and treat those who are most likely to need hospital admission and intensive care, in the hopes of precision medicine. Furthermore, this study underlines the use of immune modulators such as Leptin sensitizers, rather than immune suppressors as anti-inflammation therapies to switch the inflammatory response from a drastic immunological type 1 response to a beneficial type 2 effective one., Competing Interests: Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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15. The potential use of ABO blood group system for risk stratification of COVID-19.
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AbdelMassih AF, Mahrous R, Taha A, Saud A, Osman A, Kamel B, Yacoub E, Menshawey E, Ismail HA, Aita L, Dous M, Saad M, AbdelAziz M, Zaghar M, Shebl N, El-Husseiny N, Fahmy N, Hegazy N, Khalid O, Saad O, Afdal P, Menshawey R, Husseiny R, Sherien S, Salama S, Gad S, Ali S, Maalim S, Ismail S, ElHefnawi Y, Aziz Y, and Fouda R
- Subjects
- Antibodies chemistry, Autoimmunity, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 therapy, Disease Progression, Female, Furin metabolism, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Humans, Immunization, Passive, Male, Pandemics, Thrombosis, COVID-19 Serotherapy, ABO Blood-Group System, COVID-19 blood, COVID-19 diagnosis, COVID-19 Serological Testing methods, Risk Assessment methods
- Abstract
ABO blood groups is a cheap and affordable test that can be immediately retrieved from COVID-19 patients at the diagnosis. There is increasing evidence that non-O blood groups have both higher susceptibility and higher severity of COVID-19 infections. The reason behind such relationship seems elusive. Regarding susceptibility, Non-O individuals have Anti-A antibodies which can prevent viral entry across ACE-2 receptors, moreover, Non-O individuals are at higher risk of autoimmunity, hypercoagulable state, and dysbiosis resulting in an augmented tendency for vascular inflammatory sequelae of COVID-19. We can conclude, on the diagnostic level, that ABO blood groups can be potentially used for risk stratification of affected COVID-19 patients, to anticipate the deterioration of patients at higher risk for complications. On a therapeutic level, plasma from normal O blood group individuals might potentially replace the use of convalescent serum for the treatment of COVID-19., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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16. A multicenter consensus: A role of furin in the endothelial tropism in obese patients with COVID-19 infection.
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AbdelMassih AF, Ye J, Kamel A, Mishriky F, Ismail HA, Ragab HA, El Qadi L, Malak L, Abdu M, El-Husseiny M, Ashraf M, Hafez N, AlShehry N, El-Husseiny N, AbdelRaouf N, Shebl N, Hafez N, Youssef N, Afdal P, Hozaien R, Menshawey R, Saeed R, and Fouda R
- Abstract
Furin, a cleavage enzyme, is increasingly recognized in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Its cleavage action is an essential activation step for the endothelial pathogenicity of several viruses including SARS-CoV-2. This Furin-mediated endothelial tropism seems to underlie the multi-organ system involvement of COVID-19; which is a feature that was not recognized in the older versions of coronaviridae. Obese and diabetic patients, males, and the elderly, have increased serum levels of Furin, with its increased cellular activity; this might explain why these subgroups are at an increased risk of COVID-19 related complications and deaths. In contrast, smoking decreases cellular levels of Furin, this finding may be at the origin of the decreased severity of COVID-19 in smokers. Chinese herbal derived luteolin is suggested to be putative Furin inhibitor, with previous success against Dengue Fever. Additionally, Furin intracellular levels are largely dependent on concentration of intracellular ions, notably sodium, potassium, and magnesium. Consequently, the use of ion channel inhibitors, such as Calcium Channel blockers or Potassium Channel blockers, can prevent cellular transfection early in the course of the illness. Nicotine patches and Colchicine have also been suggested as potential therapies due to Furin mediated inhibition of COVID-19., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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17. Is it infection or rather vascular inflammation? Game-changer insights and recommendations from patterns of multi-organ involvement and affected subgroups in COVID-19.
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AbdelMassih AF, Kamel A, Mishriky F, Ismail HA, El Qadi L, Malak L, El-Husseiny M, Ashraf M, Hafez N, AlShehry N, El-Husseiny N, AbdelRaouf N, Shebl N, Hafez N, Youssef N, Afdal P, Hozaien R, Menshawey R, Saeed R, and Fouda R
- Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious illness that has rapidly spread throughout the globe. The seriousness of complications puts significant pressures on hospital resources, especially the availability of ICU and ventilators. Current evidence suggests that COVID-19 pathogenesis majorly involves microvascular injury induced by hypercytokinemia, namely interleukin 6 (IL-6). We recount the suggested inflammatory pathway for COVID-19 and its effects on various organ systems, including respiratory, cardiac, hematologic, reproductive, and nervous organ systems, as well examine the role of hypercytokinemia in the at-risk geriatric and obesity subgroups with upregulated cytokines' profile. In view of these findings, we strongly encourage the conduction of prospective studies to determine the baseline levels of IL-6 in infected patients, which can predict a negative outcome in COVID-19 cases, with subsequent early administration of IL-6 inhibitors, to decrease the need for ICU admission and the pressure on healthcare systems. Video abstract: http://links.lww.com/CAEN/A24., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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18. Assessment of Atherosclerosis in Peripheral and Central Circulation in Adult β Thalassemia Intermedia Patients by Color Doppler Ultrasound: Egyptian Experience.
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Nassef S, El Shenoufy M, Rawi R, El Demerdash D, Hassan M, Mustafa H, Mattar M, and El Husseiny N
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- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Flow Velocity, Brachial Artery physiopathology, Carotid Artery Diseases etiology, Carotid Artery Diseases physiopathology, Case-Control Studies, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Egypt, Female, Humans, Intracranial Arteriosclerosis etiology, Intracranial Arteriosclerosis physiopathology, Male, Middle Cerebral Artery physiopathology, Peripheral Arterial Disease etiology, Peripheral Arterial Disease physiopathology, Predictive Value of Tests, Pulsatile Flow, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Splenectomy, Tibial Arteries physiopathology, Young Adult, beta-Thalassemia diagnosis, beta-Thalassemia surgery, Brachial Artery diagnostic imaging, Carotid Artery Diseases diagnostic imaging, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Intracranial Arteriosclerosis diagnostic imaging, Middle Cerebral Artery diagnostic imaging, Peripheral Arterial Disease diagnostic imaging, Tibial Arteries diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, beta-Thalassemia complications
- Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis has been extensively studied in thalassemia major (TM) and sickle cell disease but not yet in β thalassemia intermedia (TI). Previous studies concerned with TM were performed in children. TI patients usually live longer and, thus, are more prone to complications of atherosclerosis., Aim: In our study, we applied color Doppler for the determination of arterial conduit and flow velocities in β TI patients., Methods: For central circulation, we measured right and left middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) and basilar artery (BA) mean flow velocity (MFV), pulsatility index (PI), and peak systolic velocity (PSV) as well as carotid intimal media thickness, and to assess peripheral circulation, we studied ankle/brachial index and posterior and anterior tibial arteries' (ATA, PTA) pressure and PSV. This was applied for 30 adult TI patients and 20 age-, sex-, and ethnic group-matched controls., Results: Transcranial Doppler findings among cases and controls showed that the MFV, PSV of MCAs, and PSV, PI, and MFV of the BA were statistically higher in cases than controls. A comparison between splenectomized and nonsplenectomized patients showed that total leukocyte count, platelet count, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, PSV and MFV of the left MCA were all statistically higher in splenectomized cases. Differences between males and females with TI with respect to laboratory and Doppler findings were all statistically insignificant except for intima media thickness, PTA pressure, ATA pressure, and PSV., Conclusion: More than one parameter should be applied to assess atherosclerosis in TI. There is evidence of an increased risk of central ischemia rather than peripheral ischemia in these patients., (© 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
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- 2020
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19. Anti-proliferative effect of chitosan nanoparticles (extracted from crayfish Procambarus clarkii, Crustacea: Cambaridae) against MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cell lines.
- Author
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Taher FA, Ibrahim SA, El-Aziz AA, Abou El-Nour MF, El-Sheikh MA, El-Husseiny N, and Mohamed MM
- Subjects
- Acetylation, Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Chitosan isolation & purification, Female, Humans, Nanoparticles ultrastructure, Particle Size, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Static Electricity, Astacoidea chemistry, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Chitosan pharmacology, Nanoparticles chemistry
- Abstract
Actually, the most common cancer in women is the breast cancer which is the second most widespread cancer overall. In 2018, there were over two million new cases of women breast cancer. Particularly, we tried to extract chitosan from crayfish Procambarus clarkii, Crustacea: Cambaridae, by N-deacetylation of chitin. The chemical structure of chitosan was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Also DDA was calculated from FT-IR and ultraviolet spectrophotometry data. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using a ball-milling technique. The as-prepared chitosan nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering as well as zeta potential. The cytotoxicity of chitosan and its nanoparticles (50 and 100 μg/mL) against human breast cancer (SK BR3 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines) was evaluated. MTT assay asserts the significant inhibitory action of both chitosan and its nanoparticles on the proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro. Chitosan nanoparticles had more anti-proliferative effects on MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cell lines than its corresponding chitosan. Although, chitosan nanoparticles, that has higher DDA, had a higher cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cell lines in vitro. Eventually, chitosan and its nanoparticles can be considered as a promising natural compounds in human breast cancer treatment., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Inflammatory breast cancer: Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its target CYP1B1 correlates closely with Wnt5a/b-β-catenin signalling, the stem cell phenotype and disease progression.
- Author
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Mohamed HT, Gadalla R, El-Husseiny N, Hassan H, Wang Z, Ibrahim SA, El-Shinawi M, Sherr DH, and Mohamed MM
- Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and its target gene CYP1B1 and to correlate their expression with Wnt5a/b-β-catenin, the CD44
+ /CD24(-/low) cancer stem cell (CSC) subset and factors associated with poor prognosis in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and non-IBC patients. The methods of analysis used were quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Compared to non-IBC tissues, IBC tissues exhibited the overexpression of AHR and its target gene/protein CYP1B1. AHR and CYP1B1 mRNA levels were associated with the poor clinical prognosis markers tumour grade, lymphovascular invasion, cell proliferation and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, AHR expression correlated with the expression of Wnt5a/b and β-catenin signalling molecules, and Wnt5a mRNA expression was downregulated in the SUM149 human IBC cell line and the MDA-MB-231 non-IBC cell line upon inhibition of AHR. AHR gene knockout (CRISPR-Cas9) inhibits CYP1B1 and Wnt5a expression in the IBC cell line. The CD44+ /CD24(-/low) subset was significantly correlated with the expression of AHR, CYP1B1, Wnt5a/b and β-catenin in IBC tissues. The overexpression of AHR and its target CYP1B1 correlated with the expression of Wnt5a/b and β-catenin, CSCs, and poor clinical prognostic factors of IBC. Thus, targeting AHR and/or its downstream target molecules CYP1B1 and Wnt5a/b may represent a therapeutic approach for IBC.- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. IL-10 correlates with the expression of carboxypeptidase B2 and lymphovascular invasion in inflammatory breast cancer: The potential role of tumor infiltrated macrophages.
- Author
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Mohamed HT, El-Husseiny N, El-Ghonaimy EA, Ibrahim SA, Bazzi ZA, Cavallo-Medved D, Boffa MB, El-Shinawi M, and Mohamed MM
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Cell Line, Tumor, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic drug effects, Humans, Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms immunology, Interleukin-10 genetics, Interleukin-10 pharmacology, Lymphatic Metastasis, Macrophages physiology, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Vascular Neoplasms secondary, Carboxypeptidase B2 genetics, Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms blood, Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms genetics, Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms pathology, Interleukin-10 blood, Macrophages pathology
- Abstract
Pro-carboxypeptidase B2 (pro-CPB2) or thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a glycoprotein encoded by the CPB2 gene and deregulated in several cancer types, including breast cancer. Thrombin binding to thrombomodulin (TM), encoded by THBD, is important for TAFI activation. CPB2 gene expression is influenced by genetic polymorphism and cytokines such as interleukin 10 (IL-10). Our previous results showed that tumor infiltrating monocytes/macrophages (CD14
+ /CD16+ ) isolated from inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) patients' secrete high levels of IL-10. The aim of the present study is to test genetic polymorphism and expression of CPB2 in healthy breast tissues and carcinoma tissues of non-IBC and IBC patients. Furthermore, to investigate whether IL-10 modulates the expression of CPB2 and THBD in vivo and in-vitro. We tested CPB2 Thr325Ile polymorphism using restriction fragment length polymorphism, (RFLP) technique in healthy and carcinoma breast tissues. The mRNA expression of CPB2, THBD and IL10 were assessed by RT-qPCR. Infiltration of CD14+ cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, we investigated the correlation between infiltration of CD14+ cells and expression of IL10 and CPB2. Furthermore, we correlated IL10 expression with the expression of both CPB2 and THBD in breast carcinoma tissues. Finally, we validated the role of recombinant IL-10 in regulating the expression of CPB2 and THBD using different breast cancer cell lines. Our results showed that CPB2 genotypes carrying the high-risk allele [Thr/Ile (CT) and Ile/Ile (TT)] were more frequent in both IBC and non-IBC patients compared to control group. CPB2 genotypes did not show any statistical correlation with CPB2 mRNA expression levels or patients' clinical pathological properties. Interestingly, CPB2 and IL10 expression were significantly higher and positively correlated with the incidence of CD14+ cells in carcinoma tissues of IBC as compared to non-IBC. On the other hand, THBD expression was significantly lower in IBC carcinoma versus non-IBC tissues. Based on molecular subtypes, CPB2 and IL10 expression were significantly higher in triple negative (TN) as compared to hormonal positive (HP) carcinoma tissues of IBC. Moreover, CPB2 expression was positively correlated with presence of lymphovascular invasion and the expression of IL10 in carcinoma tissues of IBC patients. Furthermore, recombinant human IL-10 stimulated CPB2 expression in SUM-149 (IBC cell line) but not in MDA-MB-231 (non-IBC cell line), while there was no significant effect THBD expression. In conclusion, carcinoma tissues of IBC patients are characterized by higher expression of CPB2 and lower expression of THBD. Moreover, CPB2 positively correlates with IL10 mRNA expression, incidence of CD14+ cells and lymphovascular invasion in IBC patients. IL-10 stimulated CPB2 expression in TN-IBC cell line suggests a relevant role of CPB2 in the aggressive phenotype of IBC., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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