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6. Demographics of sources of HIV-1 transmission in Zambia: a molecular epidemiology analysis in the HPTN 071 PopART study

Author

Agyei, Yaw, Beyers, Nulda, Bock, Peter, Bond, Virginia, Bwalya, Justin, Cori, Anne, Deventer, Anneen, Dunbar, Rory, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Emel, Lynda, Floyd, Sian, Griffith, Sam, Hargreaves, James, Hauck, Katharina, Headen, Tanette, Hoddinott, Graeme, James, Anelet, Jennings, Karen, Kanema, Sarah, Kosloff, Barry, Kruger, James, Kumar, Ramya, Macleod, David, Makola, Nozizwe, Mandla, Nomtha, Miller, Eric, Moore, Ayana, Mwenge, Lawrence, Noble, Heather, Phiri, Mwelwa, Pickles, Michael, Sabapathy, Kalpana, Sakala, Ephraim, Sauter, Rafael, Shanaube, Kwame, Silumesi, Andrew, Sista, Nirupama, Skalland, Tim, Smith, Peter, Thomas, Ranjeeta, Vermund, Sten, White, Rhonda, Wilson, Ethan, Yang, Blia, Yuhas, Krista, Bowden, Rory, Calvez, Vincent, Essex, Max, Grabowski, Kate, Gupta, Ravindra, Herbeck, Joshua, Kagaayi, Joseph, Kaleebu, Pontiano, Lingappa, Jairam, Moyo, Sikhulile, Novitsky, Vladimir, Ndung’u, Thumbi, Pillay, Deenan, Quinn, Thomas, Rambaut, Andrew, Seeley, Janet, Ssemwanga, Deogratius, Tanser, Frank, Wawer, Maria, Hall, Matthew, Golubchik, Tanya, Bonsall, David, Abeler-Dörner, Lucie, Limbada, Mohammed, Schaap, Ab, de Cesare, Mariateresa, MacIntyre-Cockett, George, Otecko, Newton, Probert, William, Ratmann, Oliver, Bulas Cruz, Ana, Piwowar-Manning, Estelle, Burns, David N, Cohen, Myron S, Donnell, Deborah J, Eshleman, Susan H, Simwinga, Musonda, Fidler, Sarah, Hayes, Richard, Ayles, Helen, and Fraser, Christophe

Published
2024
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9. Trends in HIV prevalence, incidence, and progress towards the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets in Malawi among individuals aged 15–64 years: population-based HIV impact assessments, 2015−16 and 2020−21

Author

Mwansambo, Charles, Kalua, Thokozani, Kagoli, Mathews, Mvula, Bernard, Kanyuka, Mercy, Ndawala, Jameson, Chirwa, Isaac, Matatiyo, Blackson, Yavo, Daniel, Patel, Hetal, Parekh, Bharat, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Chege, Duncan, Radin, Elizabeth, Hoos, David, Low, Andrea, Gummerson, Elizabeth, Payne, Danielle, Wadonda-Kabondo, Nellie, Wang, Alice, Smith-Sreen, Joshua, Kabaghe, Alinune, Bello, George, Kayigamba, Felix, Tenthani, Lyson, Maida, Alice, Auld, Andrew, Voetsch, Andrew C, Jonnalagadda, Sasi, Brown, Kristin, West, Christine A, Kim, Evelyn, Ogollah, Francis, Farahani, Mansoor, Dobbs, Trudy, Jahn, Andreas, Mirkovic, Kelsey, and Nyirenda, Rose

Published
2023
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10. Hazardous alcohol use, antiretroviral therapy receipt, and viral suppression in people living with HIV who inject drugs in the United States, India, Russia, and Vietnam.

Author

Wagman, Jennifer A, Wynn, Adriane, Matsuzaki, Mika, Gnatienko, Natalia, Metsch, Lisa R, Del Rio, Carlos, Feaster, Daniel J, Nance, Robin M, Whitney, Bridget M, Delaney, Joseph AC, Kahana, Shoshana Y, Crane, Heidi M, Chandler, Redonna K, Elliott, Jennifer C, Altice, Frederick, Lucas, Gregory M, Mehta, Shruti H, Hirsch-Moverman, Yael, El-Sadr, Wafaa M, Vu, Quan, Nguyen Thanh, Binh, Springer, Sandra A, Tsui, Judith I, and Samet, Jeffrey H

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Health Sciences, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Research, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Infectious Diseases, Women's Health, Prevention, Substance Misuse, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Alcohol-Related Disorders, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, India, Male, Middle Aged, Russia, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, United States, Vietnam, Viral Load, antiretroviral receipt, hazardous alcohol use, high-income country, HIV infection, middle-income country, people living with HIV, people who inject drugs, viral suppression, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Virology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

ObjectivesIn high-income countries, hazardous alcohol use is associated with reduced receipt of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and viral suppression among people living with HIV (PLHIV) who inject drugs. These associations are less understood in lower middle-income countries (LMIC) and upper middle-income countries.DesignWe examined associations between hazardous alcohol use, ART receipt, and viral suppression among PLHIV who reported current or former injection drug use. Participants were from nine studies in the United States (high-income country), India (LMIC), Russia (upper middle-income country), and Vietnam (LMIC).MethodsHazardous alcohol use was measured via Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Outcomes were HIV viral suppression (viral load of

Published
2020

15. Projected outcomes of universal testing and treatment in a generalised HIV epidemic in Zambia and South Africa (the HPTN 071 [PopART] trial): a modelling study

Author

Hayes, Richard, Fidler, Sarah, Beyers, Nulda, Ayles, Helen, Bock, Peter, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Cohen, Myron, Eshleman, Susan, Agyei, Yaw, Piwowar-Manning, Estelle, Bond, Virginia, Hoddinott, Graeme, Donnell, Deborah, Floyd, Sian, Wilson, Ethan, Emel, Lynda, Noble, Heather, Macleod, David, Burns, David, Fraser, Christophe, Cori, Anne, Sista, Nirupama, Griffith, Sam, Moore, Ayana, Headen, Tanette, White, Rhonda, Miller, Eric, Hargreaves, James, Hauck, Katharina, Thomas, Ranjeeta, Limbada, Mohammed, Bwalya, Justin, Pickles, Michael, Sabapathy, Kalpana, Schaap, Ab, Dunbar, Rory, Shanaube, Kwame, Yang, Blia, Simwinga, Musonda, Smith, Peter, Vermund, Sten, Mandla, Nomtha, Makola, Nozizwe, van Deventer, Anneen, James, Anelet, Jennings, Karen, Kruger, James, Phiri, Mwelwa, Kosloff, Barry, Mwenge, Lawrence, Kanema, Sarah, Sauter, Rafael, Probert, William, Kumar, Ramya, Sakala, Ephraim, Silumesi, Andrew, Skalland, Tim, Yuhas, Krista, Probert, William J M, Bell-Mandla, Nomtha F, Abeler-Dörner, Lucie, Donnell, Deborah J, Skalland, Timothy, and Hayes, Richard J

Published
2022
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18. A time‐motion study of cardiovascular disease risk factor screening integrated into HIV clinic visits in Swaziland

Author

Palma, Anton M, Rabkin, Miriam, Simelane, Samkelo, Gachuhi, Averie B, McNairy, Margaret L, Nuwagaba‐Biribonwoha, Harriet, Bongomin, Pido, Okello, Velephi N, Bitchong, Raymond A, and El‐Sadr, Wafaa M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Services and Systems, Public Health, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Health Services, Cardiovascular, Heart Disease, Clinical Research, Prevention, Aging, HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.4 Population screening, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Ambulatory Care, Cardiovascular Diseases, Delivery of Health Care, Integrated, Eswatini, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Risk Factors, Time Factors, HIV, Swaziland, cardiovascular disease, integration, screening, time-motion study, Public Health and Health Services, Other Medical and Health Sciences, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

IntroductionScreening of modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is recommended but not routinely provided for HIV-infected patients, especially in low-resource settings. Potential concerns include limited staff time and low patient acceptability, but little empirical data exists. As part of a pilot study of screening in a large urban HIV clinic in Swaziland, we conducted a time-motion study to assess the impact of screening on patient flow and HIV service delivery and exit interviews to assess patient acceptability.MethodsA convenience sample of patients ≥40 years of age attending routine HIV clinic visits was screened for hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and tobacco smoking. We observed HIV visits with and without screening and measured time spent on HIV and CVD risk factor screening activities. We compared screened and unscreened patients on total visit time and time spent receiving HIV services using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. A separate convenience sample of screened patients participated in exit interviews to assess their satisfaction with screening.ResultsWe observed 172 patient visits (122 with CVD risk factor screening and 50 without). Screening increased total visit time from a median (range) of 4 minutes (2 to 11) to 15 minutes (9 to 30) (p

Published
2018

20. Rates of viral suppression in a cohort of people with stable HIV from two community models of ART delivery versus facility-based HIV care in Lusaka, Zambia: a cluster-randomised, non-inferiority trial nested in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial

Author

Hayes, Richard, Fidler, Sarah, Beyers, Nulda, Ayles, Helen, Bock, Peter, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Cohen, Myron, Bond, Virginia, Eshleman, Susan, Donnell, Deborah, Floyd, Sian, Hoddinott, Graeme, Macleod, Dave, Burns, David, Fraser, Christopher, Emel, Lynda, Noble, Heather, Cori, Anne, Sista, Niru, Griffith, Sam, Moore, Ayana, Headen, Tanette, White, Rhonda, Miller, Eric, Hargreaves, James, Hauck, Katharina, Thomas, Ranjeeta, Limbada, Mohammed, Bwalya, Justin, Mwinga, Alwyn, Pickles, Michael, Sabapathy, Kalpana, Schaap, Albertus J, Phiri, Mwelwa, Chiti, Bwalya, Mwenge, Lawrence, Dunbar, Rory, Shanaube, Kwame, Yang, Blia, Simwinga, Musonda, Smith, Peter C, Mandla, Nomtha, Makola, Nozizwe, Van Deventer, Anneen, Sakala, Ephraim, Jennings, Karen, Kosloff, Barry, Kanema, Sarah, Probert, Will, Kumar, Ramya, Silumesi, Andrew, Skalland, Tim, Yuhas, Krista, Macleod, David, Situmbeko, Vasty, Muhau, Ellen, and Shibwela, Osborn

Published
2022
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24. Bringing HIV services to key populations and their communities in Tanzania: from pilot to scale

Author

Maruyama, Haruka, Franks, Julie, Laki, Damian, Msumi, Omari, Makyao, Neema, Rwabiyago, Oscar E., Rabkin, Miriam, Kagashe, Magreth J., and El-Sadr, Wafaa M.

Subjects
Quality management, Diagnosis, Care and treatment, Demographic aspects, HIV infections -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Demographic aspects, Community health services -- Quality management -- Demographic aspects, HIV infection -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Demographic aspects
Abstract

1 | INTRODUCTION Despite the scale-up of effective, evidence-based interventions for HIV testing, prevention and treatment, key populations (KP), including female sex workers (FSW), men who have sex with men [...], Introduction: Despite the global scale-up of HIV testing, prevention and treatment, these services remain inaccessible to groups most vulnerable to HIV. Globally, most new HIV infections are concentrated among members of key populations (KP), including female sex workers, men who have sex with men, transgender people, people who inject drugs and their sexual partners. These populations lag in access to HIV prevention and antiretroviral therapy (ART) and have less favourable HIV outcomes compared to the general population. Intersecting behavioural and structural factors contribute to these gaps in service access for at-risk KP and those living with HIV; corresponding comprehensive approaches to improving service delivery for KP are urgently needed. Differentiated service delivery (DSD) models tailor HIV programmes to the needs and preferences of specific groups but are rarely implemented at scale for KP. We describe the FIKIA Project, which implemented innovative approaches to scaling up DSD models to reach and engage KP in Tanzania. Methods: The FIKIA Project worked with diverse KP communities in Tanzania to tailor HIV services to their needs and to pair healthcare workers with trained peer educators and expert client counsellors to expand uptake of community-based HIV testing and ART services. We analysed routine aggregate project data from 2016 to 2020 to describe project implementation, outcomes and best practices. Results and discussion: The FIKIA Project conducted 1,831,441 HIV tests in community settings; of the 98,349 (5.4%) individuals with new HIV diagnoses, 89,640 (91.1%) initiated ART. The project reached substantial numbers of KP: 203,233 received HIV tests, 28,830 (14.2%) received a new HIV diagnosis and 25,170 KP (87.3%) initiated ART at the point of diagnosis. Over time, HIV testing increased by 1.6 times overall (2.3 times among KP), HIV diagnoses increased by 8.7 times (10.9 times among KP) and ART initiation at the point of diagnosis increased from 80.0% to 95.9% overall (from 69.6% to 94.9% among KP). Conclusions: Over four years, the FIKIA Project scaled up HIV testing, diagnosis and treatment by using DSD principles to design services that meet the needs of KP and their communities. Keywords: key and vulnerable populations; differentiated care; HIV care continuum; community; testing; linkage to care

Published
2021
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26. Examining stigma, social support, and gender differences in unsuppressed HIV viral load among participants in HPTN 065

Author

Maragh-Bass, Allysha C., Gamble, Theresa, El-Sadr, Wafaa M., Hanscom, Brett, and Tolley, Elizabeth E.

Subjects
Management, Social aspects, Care and treatment, Demographic aspects, Health aspects, Company business management, HIV infections -- Social aspects -- Demographic aspects -- Care and treatment, Social support -- Health aspects, Patient compliance -- Management -- Social aspects, Stigma (Social psychology) -- Demographic aspects -- Health aspects, Social networks -- Health aspects, HIV infection -- Social aspects -- Demographic aspects -- Care and treatment
Abstract

Author(s): Allysha C. Maragh-Bass [sup.1] , Theresa Gamble [sup.2] , Wafaa M. El-Sadr [sup.3] , Brett Hanscom [sup.4] , Elizabeth E. Tolley [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.245835.d, 0000 0001 0300 [...], Successful navigation of the HIV care continuum is necessary to maintain viral suppression. We explored gender-stratified correlates of being virally unsuppressed in the Prevention for Positives (P4P) component of HPTN 065. The outcome of interest was unsuppressed viral load (> 40 copies/mL) among individuals already living with HIV. Correlates included medication adherence factors, social support and stigma. Logistic regression models were stratified by gender (N = 673). Men-specific correlates of being virally unsuppressed included opposite-sex partners, older age and HIV disclosure stigma. Women-specific correlates included time since diagnosis, and personal-level barriers to medication adherence. When more individuals knew about their HIV status, women had over twice the likelihood of being virally unsuppressed; no such association was seen among men. Additionally, higher levels of social support were not associated with viral suppression among women. Interventions should consider gender-specific approaches to engaging social support in de-stigmatization of HIV and promotion of medication adherence and subsequent viral suppression.

Published
2021
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27. Cost-effectiveness of statins for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among people living with HIV in the United States

Author

Boettiger, David C., Newall, Anthony T., Phillips, Andrew, Bendavid, Eran, Law, Matthew G., Ryom, Lene, Reiss, Peter, Mocroft, Amanda, Bonnet, Fabrice, Weber, Rainer, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Monforte, Antonella D'Arminio, Dewit, Stephane, Pradier, Christian, Hatleberg, Camilla I., Lundgren, Jens, Sabin, Caroline, Kahn, James G., and Kazi, Dhruv S.

Subjects
Drug therapy, Statistics, Prevention, Economic aspects, Usage, HIV patients -- Drug therapy -- Statistics, Health care costs -- Statistics, Atherosclerosis -- Prevention, Pravastatin -- Usage -- Economic aspects -- Statistics, Pitavastatin -- Usage -- Economic aspects -- Statistics, Medical care, Cost of -- Statistics
Abstract

1 | INTRODUCTION People living with HIV (PLHIV) have an elevated risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) compared to people without HIV [1]. This is only partially explained by the [...], Background: Expanding statin use may help to alleviate the excess burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in people iving with HIV (PLHIV). Pravastatin and pitavastatin are preferred agents due to their lack of substantial interaction with antiretroviral therapy. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of pravastatin and pitavastatin for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among PLHIV in the United States. Methods: We developed a microsimulation model that randomly selected (with replacement) individuals from the Data-collection on Adverse Effects of Anti-HIV Drugs study with follow-up between 2013 and 2016. Our study population was PLHIV aged 40 to 75 years, stable on antiretroviral therapy and not currently using lipid-lowering therapy. Direct medical costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were assigned in annual cycles and discounted at 3% per year. We assumed a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000/QALY gained. The interventions assessed were as follows: (1) treating no one with statins; (2) treating everyone with generic pravastatin 40 mg/day (drug cost $236/year) and (3) treating everyone with branded pitavastatin 4 mg/day (drug cost $2,828/year). The model simulated each individual's probability of experiencing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease over 20 years. Results: Persons receiving pravastatin accrued 0.024 additional QALYs compared with those not receiving a statin, at an incremental cost of $1338, giving an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $56,000/QALY gained. Individuals receiving pitavastatin accumulated 0.013 additional QALYs compared with those using pravastatin, at an additional cost of $18,251, giving an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $1,444,000/QALY gained. These findings were most sensitive to the pill burden associated with daily statin administration, statin costs, statin efficacy and baseline atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, no statin was optimal in 5.2% of simulations, pravastatin was optimal in 94.8% of simulations and pitavastatin was never optimal. Conclusions: Pravastatin was projected to be cost-effective compared with no statin. With substantial price reduction, pitavastatin may be cost-effective compared with pravastatin. These findings bode well for the expanded use of statins among PLHIV in the United States. To gain greater confidence in our conclusions it is important to generate strong, HIV-specific estimates on the efficacy of statins and the quality-of-life burden associated with taking an additional daily pill. Keywords: HIV; cardiovascular disease; statin; cost-effectiveness; United States; antiretroviral therapy Received 4 September 2020; Accepted 23 February 2021

Published
2021
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28. SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in Mozambique and Zimbabwe during the First Three Years of the Pandemic

Author

Kaondera-Shava, Roselyn F, primary, Galanti, Marta, additional, Perini, Matteo, additional, Suh, Jiyeon, additional, Farley, Shannon M, additional, Chicumbe, Sergio, additional, Jani, Ilesh, additional, Cassy, Annette, additional, Macicame, Ivalda, additional, Manafe, Naisa, additional, El-Sadr, Wafaa, additional, and Shaman, Jeffrey, additional

Published
2024
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32. Use of Contemporary Protease Inhibitors and Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus : the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Study

Author

Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Study Group, Ryom, Lene, Lundgren, Jens Dilling, Reiss, Peter, Kirk, Ole, Law, Matthew, Ross, Mike, Morlat, Phillip, Fux, Christoph Andreas, Fontas, Eric, De Wit, Stephane, Monforte, Antonella d’Arminio, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Phillips, Andrew, Hatleberg, Camilla Ingrid, Sabin, Caroline, and Mocroft, Amanda

Published
2019

33. How Can the Health System Retain Women in HIV Treatment for a Lifetime? A Discrete Choice Experiment in Ethiopia and Mozambique

Author

Kruk, Margaret E, Riley, Patricia L, Palma, Anton M, Adhikari, Sweta, Ahoua, Laurence, Arnaldo, Carlos, Belo, Dercio F, Brusamento, Serena, Cumba, Luisa IG, Dziuban, Eric J, El-Sadr, Wafaa M, Gutema, Yoseph, Habtamu, Zelalem, Heller, Thomas, Kidanu, Aklilu, Langa, Judite, Mahagaja, Epifanio, McCarthy, Carey F, Melaku, Zenebe, Shodell, Daniel, Tsiouris, Fatima, Young, Paul R, and Rabkin, Miriam

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Health Sciences, Human Society, Social Work, Pediatric, Health Services, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS, Prevention, Health and social care services research, 8.1 Organisation and delivery of services, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Ethiopia, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Mozambique, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pregnant Women, General Science & Technology
Abstract

IntroductionOption B+, an approach that involves provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to all HIV-infected pregnant women for life, is the preferred strategy for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. Lifelong retention in care is essential to its success. We conducted a discrete choice experiment in Ethiopia and Mozambique to identify health system characteristics preferred by HIV-infected women to promote continuity of care.MethodsWomen living with HIV and receiving care at hospitals in Oromia Region, Ethiopia and Zambézia Province, Mozambique were shown nine choice cards and asked to select one of two hypothetical health facilities, each with six varying characteristics related to the delivery of HIV services for long term treatment. Mixed logit models were used to estimate the influence of six health service attributes on choice of clinics.Results2,033 women participated in the study (response rate 97.8% in Ethiopia and 94.7% in Mozambique). Among the various attributes of structure and content of lifelong ART services, the most important attributes identified in both countries were respectful provider attitude and ability to obtain non-HIV health services during HIV-related visits. Availability of counseling support services was also a driver of choice. Facility type, i.e., hospital versus health center, was substantially less important.ConclusionsEfforts to enhance retention in HIV care and treatment for pregnant women should focus on promoting respectful care by providers and integrating access to non-HIV health services in the same visit, as well as continuing to strengthen counseling.

Published
2016

34. Trends in mortality in people with HIV from 1999 to 2020: a multi-cohort collaboration

Author

Tusch, E, Ryom, L, Pelchen-Matthews, A, Mocroft, A, Elbirt, D, Oprea, C, Günthard, H, Staehelin, C, Zangerle, R, Suarez, I, Vehreschild, J, Wit, F, Menozzi, M, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Spagnuolo, V, Pradier, C, Carlander, C, Suanzes, P, Wasmuth, J, Carr, A, Petoumenos, K, Borgans, F, Bonnet, F, De Wit, S, El-Sadr, W, Neesgaard, B, Jaschinski, N, Greenberg, L, Hosein, S, Gallant, J, Vannappagari, V, Young, L, Sabin, C, Lundgren, J, Peters, L, Reekie, J, Calvo, G, Dabis, F, Kirk, O, Law, M, Monforte, A, Morfeldt, L, Reiss, P, Weber, R, Lind-Thomsen, A, Brandt, R, Hillebreght, M, Zaheri, S, Scherrer, A, Schöni-Affolter, F, Rickenbach, M, Tavelli, A, Fanti, I, Leleux, O, Mourali, J, Marec, F, Boerg, E, Thulin, E, Sundström, A, Bartsch, G, Thompsen, G, Necsoi, C, Delforge, M, Fontas, E, Caissotti, C, Dollet, K, Mateu, S, Torres, F, Blance, A, Huang, R, Puhr, R, Laut, K, Kristensen, D, Phillips, A, Kamara, D, Smith, C, Hatleberg, C, Raben, D, Matthews, C, Bojesen, A, Grevsen, A, Powderly, B, Shortman, N, Moecklinghoff, C, Reilly, G, Franquet, X, Smit, C, Ross, M, Fux, C, Morlat, P, Friis-Møller, N, Kowalska, J, Bohlius, J, Bower, M, Fätkenheuer, G, Grulich, A, Sjøl, A, Meidahl, P, Iversen, J, Reiss, C, Hillebregt, M, Prins, J, Kuijpers, T, Scherpbier, H, van der Meer, J, Godfried, M, van der Poll, T, Nellen, F, Geerlings, S, van Vugt, M, Pajkrt, D, Bos, J, Wiersinga, W, van der Valk, M, Goorhuis, A, Hovius, J, van Eden, J, Henderiks, A, van Hes, A, Mutschelknauss, M, Nobel, H, Pijnappel, F, Jurriaans, S, Back, N, Zaaijer, H, Berkhout, B, Cornelissen, M, Schinkel, C, Thomas, X, Ziekenhuis, A, van den Berge, M, Stegeman, A, Baas, S, de Looff, L, Versteeg, D, Ziekenhuis, C, Pronk, M, Ammerlaan, H, De Munnik, E, Jansz, A, Tjhie, J, Wegdam, M, Deiman, B, Scharnhorst, V, van der Plas, A, Weijsenfeld, A, van der Ende, M, De Vries-Sluijs, T, van Gorp, E, Schurink, C, Nouwen, J, Verbon, A, Rijnders, B, Bax, H, van der Feltz, M, Bassant, N, van Beek, J, Vriesde, M, van Zonneveld, L, de Oude-Lubbers, A, van den Berg-Cameron, H, Bruinsma-Broekman, F, de Groot, J, de Man, M, Boucher, C, Koopmans, M, van Kampen, J, Pas, S, Mc–sophia, E, Driessen, G, van Rossum, A, van der Knaap, L, Visser, E, Branger, J, Rijkeboer-Mes, A, de Ven, C, Ziekenhuis, H, Schippers, E, van Nieuwkoop, C, van IJperen, J, Geilings, J, van der Hut, G, Franck, P, van Eeden, A, Brokking, W, Groot, M, Elsenburg, L, Damen, M, Kwa, I, Groeneveld, P, Bouwhuis, J, van den Berg, J, van Hulzen, A, van der Bliek, G, Bor, P, Bloembergen, P, Wolfhagen, M, Ruijs, G, Kroon, F, de Boer, M, Bauer, M, Jolink, H, Vollaard, A, Dorama, W, van Holten, N, Claas, E, Wessels, E, den Hollander, J, Pogany, K, Roukens, A, Kastelijns, M, Smit, J, Smit, E, Struik-Kalkman, D, Tearno, C, Bezemer, M, van Niekerk, T, Pontesilli, O, Lowe, S, Lashof, A, Posthouwer, D, Ackens, R, Schippers, J, Vergoossen, R, Weijenberg-Maes, B, van Loo, I, Havenith, T, Leyten, E, Gelinck, L, van Hartingsveld, A, Meerkerk, C, Wildenbeest, G, Mutsaers, J, Jansen, C, Mulder, J, Vrouenraets, S, Lauw, F, van Broekhuizen, M, Paap, H, Vlasblom, D, Smits, P, Zuiderzee, M, Weijer, S, El Moussaoui, R, Bosma, A, van Vonderen, M, van Houte, D, Kampschreur, L, Dijkstra, K, Faber, S, Weel, J, Kootstra, G, Delsing, C, van der Burg-van de Plas, M, Heins, H, Lucas, E, Kortmann, W, van Twillert, G, Stuart, J, Diederen, B, Pronk, D, van Truijen-Oud, F, van der Reijden, W, Jansen, R, Brinkman, K, van den Berk, G, Blok, W, Frissen, P, Lettinga, K, Schouten, W, Veenstra, J, Brouwer, C, Geerders, G, Hoeksema, K, Kleene, M, van der Meché, I, Spelbrink, M, Sulman, H, Toonen, A, Wijnands, S, Kwa, D, Witte, E, Koopmans, P, Keuter, M, van der Ven, A, ter Hofstede, H, Dofferhoff, A, van Crevel, R, Albers, M, Bosch, M, Grintjes-Huisman, K, Zomer, B, Stelma, F, Rahamat-Langendoen, J, Burger, D, Richter, C, Gisolf, E, Hassing, R, ter Beest, G, van Bentum, P, Langebeek, N, Tiemessen, R, Swanink, C, van Lelyveld, S, Soetekouw, R, Hulshoff, N, van der 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Blokhina, I N, Novogrod, Nizhny, Gatell, J M, Miró, J M, Rodriguez, J M, Laporte, J M, Johnson, A M, Johnson, M A, Morfeldt, Central L, Perri, G Di, Marchetti, G C, Perno, C F, Caputo, S Lo, Capobianchi, M R, Biagio, A Di, Roldan, E Quiros, Santoro, M M, Caro, A Di, Manconi, P E, Moioli, M C, Ridolfo, A L, Martino, F Di, Cattelan, A M, Ursitti, M A, Sulekova, L Fontanelli, Plazzi, M M, Del Vecchio, R Fontana, Giuli, C Di, Orofino, G C, Roger, P M, Braun, D L, Bucher, H C, Günthard, H F, Hirsch, H H, Kouyos, R D, de Tejada, B Martinez, Metzner, K J, Scherrer, A U, Valk, Marc vd, Han, W Min, Saint-Pierre, C H U, Miro, J M, Wasmuth, J C, Vehreschild, J J, McNicholl, I, Williams, E D, Volny-Anne, R Campo Alain, Dedes, Nikos, Mendão, Luis, Jakobsen, M L, Kumar, L Ramesh, Elsing, T W, and null, null

Abstract

Background: Mortality among people with HIV declined with the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy. We investigated trends over time in all-cause and cause-specific mortality in people with HIV from 1999-2020. Methods: Data were collected from the D:A:D cohort from 1999 through January 2015 and RESPOND from October 2017 through 2020. Age-standardized all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates, classified using Coding Causes of Death in HIV (CoDe), were calculated. Poisson regression models were used to assess mortality trends over time. Results: Among 55716 participants followed for a median of 6 years (IQR 3-11), 5263 participants died (crude mortality rate [MR] 13.7/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 13.4-14.1). Changing patterns of mortality were observed with AIDS as the most common cause of death between 1999- 2009 (n = 952, MR 4.2/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 4.0-4.5) and non-AIDS defining malignancy (NADM) from 2010 -2020 (n = 444, MR 2.8/1000 PYFU; 95%CI 2.5-3.1). In multivariable analysis, all-cause mortality declined over time (adjusted mortality rate ratio [aMRR] 0.97 per year; 95%CI 0.96, 0.98), mostly from 1999 through 2010 (aMRR 0.96 per year; 95%CI 0.95-0.97), and with no decline shown from 2011 through 2020 (aMRR 1·00 per year; 95%CI 0·96-1·05). Mortality due all known causes except NADM also declined over the entire follow-up period. Conclusion: Mortality among people with HIV in the D:A:D and/or RESPOND cohorts decreased between 1999 and 2009 and was stable over the period from 2010 through 2020. The decline in mortality rates was not fully explained by improvements in immunologic-virologic status or other risk factors.

Published
2024

35. Focusing National Institutes of Health HIV/AIDS Research for Maximum Population Impact

Author

Walensky, Rochelle P, Auerbach, Judith D, Group, for the Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council HIV AIDS Research Portfolio Review Working, Carpenter, Charles J, Agosto-Rosario, Moisés, Averitt, Dawn, Bartlett, John G, Curran, James W, DiClemente, Ralph J, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Haase, Ashley, Hillier, Sharon, Holmes, K, and Volberding, Paul A

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Sexually Transmitted Infections, HIV/AIDS, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Biomedical Research, Financing, Government, HIV Infections, Humans, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), Research Support as Topic, United States, HIV, AIDS, research, National Institutes of Health, Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council (OARAC) HIV/AIDS Research Portfolio Review Working Group, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

Progress in advancing research on the pathophysiology, prevention, treatment, and impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is threatened by the decaying purchasing power of National Institutes of Health (NIH) dollars. A working group of the NIH Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council was charged by the NIH Director with developing a focused and concise blueprint to guide the use of limited funding over the next few years. Science priorities outlined by the working group and reported here are intended to maximally address individuals, groups, and settings most affected by the epidemic, and to redress shortcomings in realizing population-level HIV prevention, treatment, and eradication goals. Optimizing these priorities requires that traditional silos--defined by topic focus and by scientific discipline--be dissolved and that structural issues affecting the pipeline of new investigators and the ability of the Office of AIDS Research to fulfill its role of steward of the NIH HIV/AIDS research program be directly addressed.

Published
2015

36. Consensus statement on the role of health systems in advancing the long-term well-being of people living with HIV

Author

Lazarus, Jeffrey V., Safreed-Harmon, Kelly, Kamarulzaman, Adeeba, Anderson, Jane, Leite, Ricardo Baptista, Behrens, Georg, Bekker, Linda-Gail, Bhagani, Sanjay, Brown, Darren, Brown, Graham, Buchbinder, Susan, Caceres, Carlos, Cahn, Pedro E., Carrieri, Patrizia, Caswell, Georgina, Cooke, Graham S., Monforte, Antonella d’Arminio, Dedes, Nikos, del Amo, Julia, Elliott, Richard, El-Sadr, Wafaa M., Fuster-Ruiz de Apodaca, María José, Guaraldi, Giovanni, Hallett, Tim, Harding, Richard, Hellard, Margaret, Jaffar, Shabbar, Kall, Meaghan, Klein, Marina, Lewin, Sharon R., Mayer, Ken, Pérez-Molina, Jose A., Moraa, Doreen, Naniche, Denise, Nash, Denis, Noori, Teymur, Pozniak, Anton, Rajasuriar, Reena, Reiss, Peter, Rizk, Nesrine, Rockstroh, Jürgen, Romero, Diana, Sabin, Caroline, Serwadda, David, and Waters, Laura

Published
2021
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37. Progress towards the UNAIDS 90?90?90 targets among persons aged 50 and older living with HIV in 13 African countries

Author

Farley, Shannon M., Wang, Chunhui, Bray, Rachel M., Low, Andrea Jane, Delgado, Stephen, Hoos, David, Kakishozi, Angela N., Harris, Tiffany G., Nyirenda, Rose, Wadonda, Nellie, Li, Michelle, Amuri, Mbaraka, Juma, James, Kancheya, Nzali, Pietersen, Ismela, Mutenda, Nicholus, Natanael, Salomo, Aoko, Appolonia, Ngugi, Evelyn W., Asiimwe, Fred, Lecher, Shirley, Ward, Jennifer, Chikwanda, Prisca, Mugurungi, Owen, Moyo, Brian, Nkurunziza, Peter, Aibo, Dorothy, Kabala, Andrew, Biraro, Sam, Ndagije, Felix, Musuka, Godfrey, Ndongmo, Clement, Shang, Judith, Dokubo, Emily K., Dimite, Laura E., Mccullough?Sanden, Rachel, Bissek, Anne?Cecile, Getaneh, Yimam, Eshetu, Frehywot, Nkumbula, Tepa, Tenthani, Lyson, Kayigamba, Felix R., Kirungi, Wilford, Musinguzi, Joshua, Balachandra, Shirish, Kayirangwa, Eugenie, Ayite, Ayayi, West, Christine A., Bodika, Stephane, Sleeman, Katrina, Patel, Hetal K., Brown, Kristin, Voetsch, Andrew C., El?Sadr, Wafaa M., and Justman, Jessica E.

Subjects
Care and treatment, Evaluation, Demographic aspects, HIV infections -- Demographic aspects -- Care and treatment, AIDS research, Health status indicators -- Evaluation, Public health administration -- Evaluation, AIDS (Disease) -- Research, HIV infection -- Demographic aspects -- Care and treatment
Abstract

INTRODUCTION Persons living with HIV (PLWH), including those in low? and middle?income countries, have experienced extended life expectancies due to the success of antiretroviral (ARV) therapies [1]. In 2014, the [...], : Introduction: Achieving optimal HIV outcomes, as measured by global 90?90?90 targets, that is awareness of HIV?positive status, receipt of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy among aware and viral load (VL) suppression among those on ARVs, respectively, is critical. However, few data from sub?Saharan Africa (SSA) are available on older people (50+) living with HIV (OPLWH). We examined 90?90?90 progress by age, 15?49 (as a comparison) and 50+ years, with further analyses among 50+ (55?59, 60?64, 65+ vs. 50?54), in 13 countries (Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe). Methods: Using data from nationally representative Population?based HIV Impact Assessments, conducted between 2015and 2019, participants from randomly selected households provided demographic and clinical information and whole blood specimens for HIV serology, VL and ARV testing. Survey weighted outcomes were estimated for 90?90?90 targets. Country?specific Poisson regression models examined 90?90?90 variation among OPLWH age strata. Results: Analyses included 24,826 HIV?positive individuals (15?49 years: 20,170; 50+ years: 4656). The first, second and third 90 outcomes were achieved in 1, 10 and 5 countries, respectively, by those aged 15?49, while OPLWH achieved outcomes in 3, 13 and 12 countries, respectively. Among those aged 15?49, women were more likely to achieve 90?90?90 targets than men; however, among OPLWH, men were more likely to achieve first and third 90 targets than women, with second 90 achievement being equivalent. Country?specific 90?90?90 regression models among OPLWH demonstrated minimal variation by age stratum across 13 countries. Among OLPWH, no first 90 target differences were noted by age strata; three countries varied in the second 90 by older age strata but not in a consistent direction; one country showed higher achievement of the third 90 in an older age stratum. Conclusions: While OPLWH in these 13 countries were slightly more likely than younger people to be aware of their HIV?positive status (first 90), this target was not achieved in most countries. However, OPLWH achieved treatment (second 90) and VL suppression (third 90) targets in more countries than PLWH

Published
2022
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39. Cessation of Cigarette Smoking and the Impact on Cancer Incidence in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–infected Persons : The Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs Study

Author

Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Study Group, Shepherd, Leah, Ryom, Lene, Law, Matthew, Petoumenos, Kathy, Hatleberg, Camilla Ingrid, Monforte, Antonella d’Arminio, Sabin, Caroline, Bower, Mark, Bonnet, Fabrice, Reiss, Peter, de Wit, Stephane, Pradier, Christian, Weber, Rainer, el-Sadr, Wafaa, Lundgren, Jens, and Mocroft, Amanda

Published
2019

40. Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in Eswatini: a population-based study in Africa.

Author

Cicero, Kara I, Dlamini, Xolisile, Mavengere, Yvonne, Justman, Jessica, Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet, Dlamini, Sindisiwe, Dlamini, Mxolisi, Ngwenyama, Simphiwe, Ngcamphalala, Cebisile, Low, Andrea, Philip, Neena M, El-Sadr, Wafaa M, Sahabo, Ruben, Abreha, Tesfay, Temesgen, Sintayehu, Mahlalela, Nokuthula, Chiuzan, Codruta, Chen, Yuxuan, Pan, Samuel S, and Lentzsch, Suzanne

Subjects
PLASMA cell diseases, HIV infections, PROTEIN precursors, BLACK people, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents
Abstract

Background Although monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma disproportionately affect Black individuals, few epidemiological studies have been conducted on these plasma cell disorders in Africa. Here we describe the prevalence of MGUS in Eswatini and compare our results to the landmark Olmsted County, Minnesota study. Methods Between 2016 and 2017, 13 339 residents of Eswatini participated in the Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey, from which a nationally representative biorepository was created. Plasma samples were then randomly selected and analyzed for MGUS. MGUS prevalence in Eswatini was compared with that of Olmsted County. In addition, demographic and HIV-related associations with MGUS were assessed. Results Of the 515 samples randomly selected, the median age was 50 years (range = 35-80 years); 60% were female; and 38.6% were HIV positive, of whom 82.4% were on antiretroviral therapy. We found that 68 participants had evidence of MGUS, for a prevalence of 13.2%. HIV status was not significantly associated with MGUS (odds ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval = 0.62 to 1.77), but among HIV-positive individuals, MGUS was less frequent for patients on antiretroviral therapy (adjusted odds ratio = 0.31, 95% confidence interval = 0.11 to 0.82). The prevalence of conventional MGUS was similar between Eswatini and Olmsted County (3.4% vs 3.2%-3.4%), whereas the incidence of light-chain MGUS was significantly greater in Eswatini (12.3% vs 0.8%). Conclusion Our study suggests that the incidence of MGUS is similar between ethnicities and raises the question of whether the current definition of light-chain MGUS reliably reflects a true monoclonal protein precursor state. Perhaps the current definition of light-chain MGUS may be capturing alternate etiologies, such as untreated HIV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Demographics of sources of HIV-1 transmission in Zambia: a molecular epidemiology analysis in the HPTN 071 PopART study

Author

Hall, Matthew, primary, Golubchik, Tanya, additional, Bonsall, David, additional, Abeler-Dörner, Lucie, additional, Limbada, Mohammed, additional, Kosloff, Barry, additional, Schaap, Ab, additional, de Cesare, Mariateresa, additional, MacIntyre-Cockett, George, additional, Otecko, Newton, additional, Probert, William, additional, Ratmann, Oliver, additional, Bulas Cruz, Ana, additional, Piwowar-Manning, Estelle, additional, Burns, David N, additional, Cohen, Myron S, additional, Donnell, Deborah J, additional, Eshleman, Susan H, additional, Simwinga, Musonda, additional, Fidler, Sarah, additional, Hayes, Richard, additional, Ayles, Helen, additional, Fraser, Christophe, additional, Agyei, Yaw, additional, Beyers, Nulda, additional, Bock, Peter, additional, Bond, Virginia, additional, Bwalya, Justin, additional, Cori, Anne, additional, Deventer, Anneen, additional, Dunbar, Rory, additional, El-Sadr, Wafaa, additional, Emel, Lynda, additional, Floyd, Sian, additional, Griffith, Sam, additional, Hargreaves, James, additional, Hauck, Katharina, additional, Headen, Tanette, additional, Hoddinott, Graeme, additional, James, Anelet, additional, Jennings, Karen, additional, Kanema, Sarah, additional, Kruger, James, additional, Kumar, Ramya, additional, Macleod, David, additional, Makola, Nozizwe, additional, Mandla, Nomtha, additional, Miller, Eric, additional, Moore, Ayana, additional, Mwenge, Lawrence, additional, Noble, Heather, additional, Phiri, Mwelwa, additional, Pickles, Michael, additional, Sabapathy, Kalpana, additional, Sakala, Ephraim, additional, Sauter, Rafael, additional, Shanaube, Kwame, additional, Silumesi, Andrew, additional, Sista, Nirupama, additional, Skalland, Tim, additional, Smith, Peter, additional, Thomas, Ranjeeta, additional, Vermund, Sten, additional, White, Rhonda, additional, Wilson, Ethan, additional, Yang, Blia, additional, Yuhas, Krista, additional, Bowden, Rory, additional, Calvez, Vincent, additional, Essex, Max, additional, Grabowski, Kate, additional, Gupta, Ravindra, additional, Herbeck, Joshua, additional, Kagaayi, Joseph, additional, Kaleebu, Pontiano, additional, Lingappa, Jairam, additional, Moyo, Sikhulile, additional, Novitsky, Vladimir, additional, Ndung’u, Thumbi, additional, Pillay, Deenan, additional, Quinn, Thomas, additional, Rambaut, Andrew, additional, Seeley, Janet, additional, Ssemwanga, Deogratius, additional, Tanser, Frank, additional, and Wawer, Maria, additional

Published
2023
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