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Two field experiments were executed during the 2021 and 2022 seasons at Sids Agricultural Research Station, in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of foliar spraying with two growth regulators, i.e. indole -3- butyric acid (IBA) at two levels (20 and 50 ppm) and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at two levels (30 and 50 ppm) in addition to the control (spraying only water) under two planting dates (during April and May) and their interactions, on growth, chemical composition, water relations, fiber quality, and productivity of cotton Giza 95 var. Data indicated that early planting date (1st April), foliar spraying with 50 ppm of IBA and their interactions resulted in significant increase on leaf photosynthetic pigments, total soluble sugars, N, P, K, IAA, GA3, and kinetin concentration, leaves total water content and relative water content in both seasons and significantly decreased proline, phenols, ABA, and plasma membrane permeability (which supports and confirms membrane integrity). In addition, early planting date (1st April) and foliar spraying with 50 ppm of IBA resulted in a significant increase in sympodia, open bolls number/plant, earliness percentage, and seed cotton yield/fed in both seasons, boll weight, and seed index in the second season only. The interaction between them gave the best results. It is advisable to apply early sowing and spraying IBA at 50 ppm twice (at start and top of flowering) to realize the most efficient effects on improving productivity and increasing the efficiency use of heat units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Chemistry & Biotechnology is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Menoufia Journal of Plant Production is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research investigates the biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and tribological properties of a hybrid composite material composed of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), hydroxyapatite (HAp), and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Ti O 2 ). The study explores the microstructural characteristics of the composite material using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Samples of HDPE-30%HAp with varying concentrations of Ti O 2 (5, 10, 15, and 20%) were prepared and extruded using a twin-screw machine. The hybrid composite materials underwent mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, and hardness), tribological tests (friction and wear rate), and antibacterial tests (resistance to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria). The results indicate that the optimal hybrid composite sample was HDPE-30%HAP-10% Ti O 2 , which demonstrated excellent mechanical properties (maximum tensile strength of 25.93 MPa and young modulus of 480 MPa) and a low coefficient of friction (COF∼ 0.07) while achieving high wear resistance (wear rate in the order of 1 0 − 4 m m 3 N − 1 m − 1 ). The study shows that the improvement in mechanical properties results in a corresponding improvement in tribological properties. The antibacterial tests revealed that the hybrid composite material exhibited resistance to E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The findings of this study suggest that the HDPE-30%HAP-10% Ti O 2 composite is a promising material for use in biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility and desirable mechanical and tribological properties. The study demonstrates the potential of reinforced hybrid composite materials in overcoming the disadvantages of monolithic and hybrid micro-composites and highlights the importance of investigating the microstructural, tribological, and mechanical strength characteristics of composite materials for biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a genus of obligatory root biotrophs that can develop mutualistic symbioses with most terrestrial plants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of three different isolates of AMF (Acaulospora spinosa [M1], Glomus ambisporum [M2], and Scutellospora heterogama [M3]) isolated from native environments and three carriers (biochar, alginate, and polyacrylate) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a saline calcareous soil in conditions of water deficit. In a pot experiment, reduced amounts of water were applied at intervals of 4, 8, and 12 days, while in a field experiment, the intervals were 1, 2, and 3 weeks (W1, W2, and W3). By analyzing the chlorophyll index and dry weight data from the pot experiment, it was revealed that two AMF isolates (M1 and M2), along with two carriers (biochar and alginate), showed promising results in stimulating wheat growth. Based on these findings, a field validation experiment was conducted to further evaluate the effects of these isolates and carriers. The wheat plants subjected to water deficit stress exhibited improved vegetation characteristics, grain yield, nutrient uptake, and colonization percentage when treated with the AMF isolate M2 formulated on biochar. For instance, under W2 conditions without any mycorrhiza or carrier, the grain yield was recorded at 6,600 kg ha-1. However, with the inoculation of M2-biochar at the same W2 level, the yield significantly increased to 9110 kg ha-1. The study concluded that AMF formulated on biochar outperformed other carriers, leading to enhanced wheat growth under water stress conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Plant Production is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)