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Author(s): Khadiga M. Kelani [sup.1] [sup.2], Mamdouh R. Rezk [sup.1], Ahmed S. Saad [sup.1] [sup.3], Menna S. ElSherbiny [sup.2], Hany H. Monir [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7776.1, 0000 0004 0639 [...], Two spectrometric methods and a TLC-densitometric method are described for the determination of hyoscine/ketoprofen combination. A new spectrophotometric method called the co-absorptive point has been explained based on the idea of the isosbestic point. This method has been introduced to resolve the overlapped spectra and the challenging drug ratios found in the mentioned dosage form. Also, a dual wavelength technique measuring at 208.4 and 218.2 nm was explained. In the two spectrometric techniques, ketoprofen was determined by zero-order spectra, while hyoscine was determined by co-absorptive point and dual wavelength techniques with linearity ranges of 8-100 and 8-70 [micro]g/mL. In the TLC-densitometric method, the developing phase was methanol-ethyl acetate-ammonia (35 : 65 : 5, v/v) with linearity ranges of 1-20 and 5-25 [micro]g/mL for hyoscine and ketoprofen, respectively. The greenness of the described techniques was assessed according to the eco-scale and compared to previously reported methods.

During the pandemic, Favipiravir (FVP) and Molnupiravir (MPV) have been widely used for COVID‐19 treatment, leading to their presence in the environment. A green synchronous spectrofluorimetric method was developed to simultaneously detect them in environmental water, human plasma, and binary mixtures. Maximum fluorescence intensity was achieved at pH 8, with MPV exhibiting two peaks at 300 and 430 nm, and FVP showing one peak at 430 nm. A fluorescence subtraction method effectively removed interference, enabling direct determination of MPV at 300 nm and FVP at 430 nm. The method showed linearity within 2–13 ng/mL for FVP and 50–600 ng/mL for MPV, with recoveries of 100.35% and 100.12%, respectively. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.19 and 0.57 ng/mL for FVP and 10.52 and 31.88 ng/mL for MPV. Validation according to ICH and FDA guidelines yielded acceptable results. The method demonstrated good recoveries of FVP and MPV in pharmaceuticals, tap water and Nile water (99.62% ± 0.96% and 99.69% ± 0.64%) as per ICH guidelines and spiked human plasma (94.87% ± 2.111% and 94.79% ± 1.605%) following FDA guidelines, respectively. Its environmental friendliness was assessed using Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and the Analytical Greenness Metric (AGREE) tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the pandemic, Favipiravir (FVP) and Molnupiravir (MPV) have been widely used for COVID-19 treatment, leading to their presence in the environment. A green synchronous spectrofluorimetric method was developed to simultaneously detect them in environmental water, human plasma, and binary mixtures. Maximum fluorescence intensity was achieved at pH 8, with MPV exhibiting two peaks at 300 and 430 nm, and FVP showing one peak at 430 nm. A fluorescence subtraction method effectively removed interference, enabling direct determination of MPV at 300 nm and FVP at 430 nm. The method showed linearity within 2-13 ng/mL for FVP and 50-600 ng/mL for MPV, with recoveries of 100.35% and 100.12%, respectively. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.19 and 0.57 ng/mL for FVP and 10.52 and 31.88 ng/mL for MPV. Validation according to ICH and FDA guidelines yielded acceptable results. The method demonstrated good recoveries of FVP and MPV in pharmaceuticals, tap water and Nile water (99.62% ± 0.96% and 99.69% ± 0.64%) as per ICH guidelines and spiked human plasma (94.87% ± 2.111% and 94.79% ± 1.605%) following FDA guidelines, respectively. Its environmental friendliness was assessed using Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and the Analytical Greenness Metric (AGREE) tools., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)