Search

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dementia among older adults from Florianópolis, in the Southern Region of Brazil. Methods Data were originally drawn from the Epifloripa Aging Cohort Study, a representative and community‐based survey designed to evaluate older people's health. This cross‐sectional study was conducted in two phases: the community‐screening phase, in which the Mini‐Mental State Examination and a multifunctional scale were administered to older subjects and close informants, respectively; and the hospital‐diagnosis phase, when the Cambridge Examination and the National Institute on Aging criteria were used. Adjustment for screening accuracy was made in order to estimate dementia prevalence. Results Of 1184 subjects evaluated in the community, 243 were screened for the diagnosis phase, in which 47 were identified with dementia, resulting in a crude prevalence of 4.5% (95% CI: 3.241–5.758) and an estimated prevalence of 9.2% (95% CI: 7.446–10.954). Dementia was associated with older ages, lower education levels, and the presence of stroke. Mild alcohol use (in comparison with no alcohol use), community‐group practice, internet use and a higher level of physical activity, rather than education, decreased the odds ratio for dementia. Education was directly associated with these lifestyle habits. Conclusions Prevalence was lower than that in previous studies in the country, and multivariate analysis reinforced the importance of lifestyle in preventing cognitive disorders in the older population.

OBJECTIVE: To verify associations between osteopenia/osteoporosis and vitamin D and sarcopenia in the older adult population of Florianópolis, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based study, with 604 older adults (60 years and over). The appendicular muscle mass index (AMMI) was used to identify sarcopenia, with cutoffs of AMMI (Kg/m2) < 7.26 kg/m2 for men and < 5.50 kg/m2 for women indicating inadequate values (sarcopenia). The independent variable osteopenia/osteoporosis was measured using bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2): T-Scores for whole body BMD, lumbar spine BMD, and femoral neck BMD, categorized as normal (BMD ≥ -1 SD) or osteopenia/osteoporosis (BMD < -1 SD from the mean of the young adult reference population). Fasting serum samples were collected and assayed using the microparticle chemiluminescence (CMIA)/Liaison method. Vitamin D concentrations of < 30 ng/mL were defined as hypovitaminosis. Crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Osteopenia/osteoporosis in the lumbar spine and femoral neck were associated with higher odds of sarcopenia in women and men. Osteopenia/osteoporosis in the whole body was associated with sarcopenia in women only. Vitamin D was not associated with sarcopenia in either sex. CONCLUSIONS: Having osteopenia/osteoporosis was associated with sarcopenia in this older adult population.

Background: Research suggests a link between the urban built environment and blood pressure, potentially mediated by physical activity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between perceived neighborhood characteristics and blood pressure in older adults, as well as the mediating role of walking in this relationship. Methods: Data from the third wave of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study in Florianopolis, Brazil (2017–2019; n = 1335) were used for this cross-sectional analysis. Blood pressure was measured using digital devices, and hypertension diagnosis relied on healthcare professionals’ information. The neighborhood environment was assessed with the Abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale, while walking was evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Multilevel logistic regression analyzed the association between the neighborhood environment, blood pressure, and hypertension. Structural equation modeling assessed the mediation effect of walking. Results: Hypertension prevalence was 85.3 %, with 69.0 % having objectively measured elevated blood pressure. Results showed that older adults perceiving better infrastructure for physical activity (OR: 0.88; CI: 0.78–0.99), increased safety in their neighborhood (OR: 0.88; CI: 0.79–0.99), traffic security (OR: 0.88; CI: 0.78–0.99) and better overall perception of the environment (OR: 0.73; IC: 0.55–0.98) had a lower likelihood of self-reported hypertension. The association between self-reported hypertension and overall perception of the environment was partially explained by leisure-time walking (β = -0.01; p

Objective: To evaluate the direct, indirect, and total prospective effects of serum concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25[OH]D) on depressive symptoms in older adults. Methods: Data from the second (2013-2015) and third (2017-2019) waves of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study (≥ 60 years) were analyzed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. 25(OH)D levels were measured using the microparticle chemiluminescence method. A directed acyclic graph was constructed to identify the minimum set of adjustments. Structural equation modeling analysis was used to determine the effects of 25(OH)D on depressive symptoms. Results: Data from 574 older adults (63.1% female) were analyzed. In the follow-up (n=390), 16.2% of them presented severe depressive symptoms (≥ 6 points). Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that 25(OH)D had a small direct negative effect (β = -0.11, p < 0.05) and an overall negative effect (β = -0.13; p < 0.05) on depressive symptoms in wave 3 (increased 25[OH]D led to decreased depressive symptoms). No direct or indirect effect on depressive symptoms was found in wave 2. Conclusion: Our findings indicate a prospective association between 25(OH)D and depressive symptoms, suggesting a long-term effect in older adults from southern Brazil.

Introduction: Poststroke cognitive impairment is common, but the trajectory and magnitude of cognitive change after stroke are unclear. We aimed to measure changes in the trajectory of cognitive function following a first stroke, controlling for pre-stroke cognitive performance using diverse population-based studies from the Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC). Methods: Fourteen longitudinal cohorts from 11 countries from Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Europe, and Australia contributed data. Cognitive domain scores were formed by selecting the most common test administered amongst studies in each domain (memory, processing speed, language, and executive function) and the scores standardised; global cognition was the standardised average of the 4 domains and the primary outcome. One-stage IPD meta- analysis with linear mixed model and regression discontinuity design was used to model the change in cognitive function. Time-dependent incident stroke, age, time in study, and time since stroke were included in the basic model. In the full model we adjusted for sex, education, ethno- racial group, study period and potential confounders significant in the basic model at p

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the process and epidemiological implications of georeferencing in EpiFloripa Aging samples (2009–2019). METHOD The EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study sought to investigate and monitor the living and health conditions of the older adult population (≥ 60) of Florianópolis in three study waves (2009/2010, 2013/2014, 2017/2019). With an automatic geocoding tool, the residential addresses were spatialized, allowing to investigate the effect of the georeferencing sample losses regarding 19 variables, evaluated in the three waves. The influence of different neighborhood definitions (census tracts, Euclidean buffers, and buffers across the street network) was examined in the results of seven variables: area, income, residential density, mixed land use, connectivity, health unit count, and public open space count. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate the differences between neighborhood definitions according to three variables: contextual income, residential density, and land use diversity. RESULT The losses imposed by geocoding (6%, n = 240) caused no statistically significant difference between the total sample and the geocoded sample. The analysis of the study variables suggests that the geocoding process may have included a higher proportion of participants with better income, education, and living conditions. The correlation coefficients showed little correspondence between measures calculated by the three neighborhood definitions (r = 0.37–0.54). The statistical difference between the variables calculated by buffers and census tracts highlights limitations in their use in the description of geospatial attributes. CONCLUSION Despite the challenges related to geocoding, such as inconsistencies in addresses, adequate correction and verification mechanisms provided a high rate of assignment of geographic coordinates, the findings suggest that adopting buffers, favored by geocoding, represents a potential for spatial epidemiological analyses by improving the representation of environmental attributes and the understanding of health outcomes.

This study aimed to investigate the association between self-reported hearing loss and cognitive impairment in older adults in a city in Southern Brazil. In this cross-sectional, population-based cohort study of older adults, data were collected in the third wave of the EpiFloripa Aging study (2017/2019), which had been performed since 2009 in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State. Cognitive impairment was the dependent variable analyzed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and self-reported hearing loss, which was included in the cohort only in the last wave, was the main exposure variable. Logistic regression analyses were conducted, considering the study design and sample weights. Data from 1,335 older adults were evaluated. The prevalence was 20.5% for cognitive impairment and 10.7% for hearing loss. Older adults with hearing loss were 2.66 (95%CI: 1.08-6.54) times more likely to have cognitive impairment than older adults without hearing loss. The association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment highlights the need to integrate the early identification of these problems into primary care, as both are risk factors for healthy aging and potentially preventable and/or treatable conditions.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between healthy food outlet proximity, metabolic syndrome (MS), and two of its components, waist circumference (WC) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), in older adults (63–107 years old, median age 73 years) living in Florianópolis, South Brazil in 2013–2014. This is a cross-sectional analysis of the second wave of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study. Individual-level data on MS, WC, SBP, and socio-demographic and health-related characteristics were collected from face to face interviews. The healthy food environment was assessed via the number and types of establishments present. The residences of older adult participants were georeferenced using Geographical Information System (GIS) software. The number of each type of food establishment in a 500 m buffer around the each residence was determined. Multivariate linear regression was used to test association between food outlet proximity and continuous outcomes (SBP and WC), and multiple logistic regression was used to examine the relations between the predictor variables and the dichotomous outcome of MS (yes/no). The study revealed that greater frequency of supermarkets and restaurants in the neighborhood was associated with a lower likelihood of having MS. WC was lower in individuals living in places with greater availability of greengrocers’ shops and restaurants. The results demonstrated that the number of establishments in a neighborhood is associated with cardiometabolic outcomes, and the likelihood of MS and increased WC is lower for older adults who live in neighborhoods with more access to establishments that sell foundational components of a healthy diet.

This study aims to analyse the association between walkability index and depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment and test the mediating role of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in this relationship among older adults from Florianópolis, Brazil. This is cross-sectional research with data from the third wave of the EpiFloripa Aging cohort study, conducted in 2017–2019. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and cognitive impairment, using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scales. The neighbourhood environment was assessed using a walkability index, which considered 500-m network buffers around the participants’ homes. Binary logistic regression analysis the association between the walkability index (quartile) and mental health outcomes (yes vs. no). Structural equation modelling evaluated the mediation between the walkability index and cognitive impairment by MVPA with an estimator of dichotomous variables. 1,162 people participated in the study (61.5% women, average age = 73.1). Older adults residing in places with a high and highest walkability index were 38% and 44% less likely to have cognitive impairment, respective. There was no association between depressive symptoms and walkability index in crude nor adjusted analysis. Engaging in MVPA had a partial but not significant effect (14%; p = 0.087), showing a tendency for this relationship to be partially explained by the greater engagement in physical activities in places with greater walkability. Policy planning to prevent and reduce the risks of cognitive impairment should consider factors of the physical environment as determinants in older adults.

This study aimed to verify the association between the consumption of omega-3-rich (n-3) fish and depressive symptoms in older adults living in Southern Brazil. This is a cross-sectional analysis with data from the second wave of the EpiFloripa Aging cohort study (2013/2014) including 1,130 individuals aged 60 years or older. The presence of depressive symptoms was measured by the 15-items Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the consumption of n-3-rich fish by a question of weekly frequency. The minimum set of variables for adjustment was defined using directed acyclic graph (DAG). Poisson regression with robust error variance was applied (adjusted by Model 1: demographic and socioeconomic variables, Model 2: added behavioral variables, Model 3: added health variables). We identified the prevalence of depressive symptoms in 19% of older adults and 51.8% reported eating n-3-rich fish once a week. Models 1 and 3 showed an inverse association between n-3-rich fish and depressive symptoms. However, the association was reduced when behavioral factors (leisure-time physical activity) were included in Model 2. These findings suggest that n-3-rich fish intake tends to be associated with depressive symptoms in older adults. However, other factors, such as physical exercise, are as pivotal as n-3 fatty acids in preventing the development of depressive symptoms.

Resumo Fundamento O aumento significativo de doenças cardiovasculares em países em desenvolvimento alerta sobre seu impacto em populações carentes. Objetivo Identificar a relação de agrupamentos de componentes da síndrome metabólica (SM) com aterosclerose e inflamação crônica em adultos e idosos. Métodos Análise transversal usando dados de dois estudos populacionais de tipo coorte realizados em Florianópolis, sul do Brasil (EpiFloripa Adult Cohort Study, n = 862, 39,9±11,5 anos; EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study, n = 1197, 69,7±7,1 anos). Pressão arterial (PA), circunferência da cintura (CC), e níveis plasmáticos de lipídio e glicose foram analisados como fatores individuais ou como agrupamentos de componentes da SM (como número de componentes presentes em um indivíduo ou como combinações). Os desfechos incluíram espessura intima-media carotídea (EIMC), placas ateroscleróticas, e níveis de proteína C reativa (CRP). Regressão linear múltipla e regressão logística, ajustadas quanto aos fatores de confusão, foram usadas para análise. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados Indivíduos com PA e CC elevadas, dislipidemia e hiperglicemia (61,5%) apresentaram maiores valores de EIMC e PCR que aqueles que não apresentaram componentes de SM. CC elevada foi um determinante comum de inflamação sistêmica, ao passo que a coexistência de PA elevada e CC elevada (agrupamentos de dois ou três fatores) associou-se com maior EIMC (β entre +3,2 e +6,1 x 10-2 mm; p < 0,05) e PCR (EXPβ entre 2,18 e 2,77; p < 0,05). Conclusão A coexistência de PA e CC elevadas associou-se com maiores valores de EIMC e níveis de PCR. A obesidade central, isolada ou em combinação com outros fatores de risco, teve efeito sobre a inflamação sistêmica.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Associations between behaviors and individual chronic diseases have been demonstrated. However, the relationship between time spent on sedentary behavior and multimorbidity remains less clear. OBJECTIVE: To identify the predictive power of various intensities of physical activity versus sedentary behavior, as discriminatory factors for cardiometabolic multimorbidity (cardiovascular diseases and diabetes) in the elderly. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in different residential census tracts and residential households in Florianópolis (SC). METHODS: The participants were 425 elderly people (65% women) from the EpiFloripa Aging study in 2014. Sociodemographic variables and self-reported incidence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were obtained via a questionnaire. Light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) were measured using accelerometers. The analyses were stratified according to sex and included a diagnosis for interpretation. Behaviors were taken into consideration if their predictive power in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was greater than 0.50. The time cutoff point was defined from sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: For older adult men with diabetes, the predictive value of MVPA for absence of multi-morbidity was an area of 0.75 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.538-0.962), and a cutoff of 17 minutes per day. Older adult women with diabetes had an area of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.524-0.866) and a cutoff of 10 minutes per day. LPA and SB did not present predictive values. CONCLUSION: The time spent on MVPA is a predictor of absence of multimorbidity in elderly people with diabetes, for both sexes.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Being active has been shown to have beneficial effects for the health of individuals with chronic diseases. However, data on the association between multimorbidity and physical activity are limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between chronic diseases, multimorbidity and insufficient physical activity among older adults in southern Brazil, according to sex. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional population-based and household-based study derived from the second wave (2013-2014) of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study. METHODS: Insufficiency of physical activity (outcome) was ascertained using the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (≤ 150 minutes/week). Eleven self-reported chronic diseases were identified. Multimorbidity was defined from the number of chronic diseases (none; 2 or 3; or 4 or more). The adjustment variables were age, schooling, marital status, income, smoking, alcohol consumption and cognition. Additionally, each chronic disease was adjusted for the others. Associations were tested using logistic regression (crude and adjusted). RESULTS: Among the 1197 participants (≥ 63 years), women (54.0%) were more likely than men (39.6%) to be insufficiently active. In the adjusted analysis, women and men with depressive symptoms, and men with diabetes, were more likely to be insufficiently active than those without symptoms. Multimorbid women were more likely to be insufficiently active, and the magnitude of the effect was strongest for 4 or more diseases. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the associations were sex-specific. Depressive symptoms and multimorbidity were associated with insufficient physical activity among women, while diabetes was associated with insufficient physical activity among men.

Abstract Background Older adults are one of the most susceptible populations to depression, especially those living in low- and middle-income countries. As well, they are also considering a risk group for vitamin D deficiency. Low serum vitamin D has been associated with an increased risk of brain neuropsychiatry disorders. We aimed to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations and depressive symptoms in adults aged 60 years and over from southern Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data collected during 2013–2014 from the populational-based longitudinal EpiFloripa Aging Study (n = 1197). Serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations were analyzed and classified according to the Endocrine Society reference values [sufficiency (≥ 30 ng/mL), insufficiency (21–29 ng/mL), and deficiency (≤ 20 ng/mL)]. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale (15-item GDS). Logistic regression was performed to assess depressive symptoms in each vitamin D category. The analysis was adjusted for sex, age, skin color, family income, leisure-time physical activities, social or religious groups attendance, morbidities, cognitive impairment, and dependence in activities of daily living. Results A total of 557 participants with complete data for exposure and outcome were enrolled in the analysis. Most of the sample participants were female (63.1%), age-range 60–69 years (42.2%), white skin color (85.1%), and vitamin D serum level samples were collected in autumn (50.7%). Depressive symptoms were present in 15.8% of the participants, and the prevalence was higher in individuals classified as deficient in vitamin D (23.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 15.6;32.9) and insufficiency (17.2, 95%CI = 11.0;25.9). The crude analysis showed that vitamin D deficient participants had 3.08 (CI = 1.53;6.20) times higher odds to present depressive symptoms compared to vitamin D sufficiency. After adjusting, the association was maintained [OR 2.27 (95%CI = 1.05;4.94). Conclusions Serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol deficiency was positively associated with depressive symptoms in older adults from southern Brazil.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between presence of depressive symptoms and risk of death in older adults residing in a municipality in Southern Brazil. Methods: Between 2009 and 2014, 1,391 people participated in the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study, a population-based longitudinal study. Depressive symptoms were assessed through the Geriatric Depression Scale. The initial time was considered the age at the first interview, and the end time, the age at the last contact or death. Cox regression models were used to estimate the mortality risk associated with depressive symptoms, adjusted by sex, education, income, paid work, smoking status, alcohol consumption, morbidities, medication use, physical activity, disability, cognitive impairment, and body mass index. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 23.5% (95%CI 20.4-26.9). On crude analysis, the risk of mortality was 1.86 (95%CI 1.35-2.55) for individuals with depressive symptoms; in adjusted models, the risk of mortality was 1.67 (95%CI 1.15-2.40). Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are an independent risk factor for mortality in older Brazilian adults. Our findings highlight the importance of screening this population for depression and the practice of preventive actions.

Objective: To verify the association between sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis in the older population from Florianópolis, Southern Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 598 older adults. The bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated by total BMD, lumbar spine BMD (LS-BMD), femoral neck BMD (FN-BMD), and osteopenia/osteoporosis was defined when BMD (g/cm2)

To investigate the association between deficient and insufficient serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF), considering that both conditions are important predictors of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. A cross-sectional study with a subsample of 526 older adults (63–93 years old) who participated in the second wave of the population-based longitudinal study EpiFloripa Idoso. The CMRF analyzed were abdominal obesity, high fasting glucose, high blood pressure, high triglycerides and high LDL-cholesterol. The exposure variable was 25(OH)D serum concentration (≤20 ng/mL = deficient; 21–29 ng/mL = insufficient, ≥30-

ABSTRACT: Background: Estimates of the burden of cardio-metabolic risk factors in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) rely on relative risks (RRs) from non-LAC countries. Whether these RRs apply to LAC remains unknown. Methods: We pooled LAC cohorts. We estimated RRs per unit of exposure to body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC) and non-HDL cholesterol on fatal (31 cohorts, n=168,287) and non-fatal (13 cohorts, n=27,554) cardiovascular diseases, adjusting for regression dilution bias. We used these RRs and national data on mean risk factor levels to estimate the number of cardiovascular deaths attributable to non-optimal levels of each risk factor. Results: Our RRs for SBP, FPG and TC were like those observed in cohorts conducted in high-income countries; however, for BMI, our RRs were consistently smaller in people below 75 years of age. Across risk factors, we observed smaller RRs among older ages. Non-optimal SBP was responsible for the largest number of attributable cardiovascular deaths ranging from 38 per 100,000 women and 54 men in Peru, to 261 (Dominica, women) and 282 (Guyana, men). For non-HDL cholesterol, the lowest attributable rate was for women in Peru (21) and men in Guatemala (25), and the largest in men (158) and women (142) from Guyana. Interpretation: RRs for BMI from studies conducted in high-income countries may overestimate disease burden metrics in LAC; conversely, RRs for SBP, FPG and TC from LAC cohorts are similar to those estimated from cohorts in high-income countries. Funding: Wellcome Trust (214185/Z/18/Z)

Resumo Introdução Exames complementares podem contribuir para a compreensão da etiologia de agravos à saúde de idosos. Objetivo Descrever os aspectos operacionais e protocolos referentes à coleta, análise e armazenamento de material biológico, exames de imagem e capacidade físico-funcional. Método Estudo longitudinal, de base populacional, com 604 idosos (≥ 60 anos) do estudo EpiFloripa Idoso, em 2014. Foram coletados dados de material biológico, composição corporal, densitometria óssea, ultrassonografia da espessura íntima média das artérias carótidas, força de preensão manual e a atividade física. Resultados A taxa de resposta foi de 50,4%. Houve perda de seguimento em relação à faixa etária, estado cognitivo e atividades de vida diária. Os indivíduos que realizaram os exames eram mais novos, trabalhavam no momento da entrevista, ingeriam álcool, eram fisicamente ativos. Além de apresentarem menor grau de dependência, ausência de déficit cognitivo, ausência de sintomas depressivos e ausência de dificuldade na mobilidade. Conclusão Espera-se que a descrição das rotinas aplicadas possa auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas semelhantes em grupos de idosos. Assim, poderá ser acompanhado o processo de envelhecimento da população, seus fatores de risco e proteção.

Este estudo investigou a percepção de barreiras para participação de idosos em programas de atividades físicas. A amostra foi composta por idosos (≥60 anos) do Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso (n = 1140) entrevistados em 2013/2014. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista face-face no domicílio. O desfecho foi identificado pela pergunta: qual o principal motivo que levou ou levaria o(a) Sr.(a) a desistir de um programa de atividade física? As condições de saúde, os compromissos cotidianos, as atitudes perante a prática de atividades físicas e os aspectos ambientais foram às barreiras mais reportadas. Considerar a percepção dos idosos é essencial para planejar e desenvolver intervenções mais efetivas e duradouras.

Este estudo ecológico de série temporal objetivou descrever a proporção de cesarianas segundo cor da pele e escolaridade maternas nas diferentes regiões do Brasil de 2007 a 2016. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos e a proporção de cesarianas segundo cor da pele e escolaridade materna foram observadas segundo as macrorregiões. Observou-se aumento na proporção de cesarianas até o ano de 2014 (57,07%), com discreta diminuição nos anos de 2015 (55,55%) e 2016 (55,44%). Em todas as regiões, quanto maior o nível de escolaridade, maior a proporção de cesarianas. Em relação à cor da pele, a branca correspondeu a maior proporção em todas as regiões, especialmente na Centro Oeste e Sul. A indígena correspondeu a menor proporção de cesarianas, apesar de haver aumento principalmente no Sul, apontando para uma determinação da região de residência da mãe superior às demais variáveis como cor da pele e escolaridade.

Objetivou-se verificar a associação entre mudanças no uso de internet e na prática de atividade física no lazer ao longo de quatro anos em idosos do estudo EpiFloripa Idoso. Estudo populacional longitudinal, com idosos residentes em Florianópolis/Brasil, entrevistados em 2009-10 (baseline) e em 2013-14 (seguimento). O desfecho foi o nível de atividade física no lazer autorreferido, mensurado pelo Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física versão longa, avaliado de forma longitudinal (manteve-se inativo; passou a ser inativo; passou a ser ativo; manteve-se ativo). Outras variaveis foram: sexo; idade (em anos completos); renda familiar per capita em Reais; escolaridade (em anos de estudo); uso de internet avaliado longitudinalmente (manteve o não uso; deixou de usar; passou a usar; manteve o uso); e o declinio cognitivo no baseline avaliado pelo Mini Exame do Estado Mental. Foram estimados razão de riscos relativos (RRR) ajustados pelas variáveis independentes, por regressão logística multinomial. Foram entrevistados 1.705 idosos no baseline e 1.197 no seguimento. A prevalência de manter-se ativo fisicamente no lazer (no seguimento) foi de 15,8% (IC95%=12,6-19,0) e associou-se ao sexo masculino (RRR=2,14; IC95%=1,50-3,05), menor escolaridade (RRR=0,99; IC95%=0,99-0,99), a passar a usar (RRR=4,1; IC95%=2,06-8,55) e a manter-se usando internet (RRR=5,52; IC95%=3,25-9,36). Os resultados deste estudo podem ter grande impacto nas políticas de envelhecimento ativo e saudável pois mostram que além de estimular a prática regular de atividades físicas de lazer deve-se estimular também o uso de internet, pois este comportamento tecnológico pode auxiliar no incremento do nível de atividade física de lazer de idosos.

Abstract Objective: to evaluate if the prevalence of healthy food consumption indicators among elderly persons with the self-reported diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and/or systemic arterial hypertension (DM and/or SAH) improved after diagnosis of these diseases, and to compare if the prevalence of such indicators was more frequent among elderly persons with DM and/or SAH than in elderly persons without these diseases. Method: a longitudinal study of 1,197 elderly persons aged 60-104 years, living in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, was performed, considering as an outcome the self-reported diagnosis of diabetes and/or hypertension. Healthy consumption indicators (exposures) were considered the maintenance and/or acquisition of the intake of fruit and vegetables ≥3 and ≥2 times/day, respectively, the consumption of fatty meat

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a associação entre perda auditiva e mobilidade urbana ativa (a pé e/ou de bicicleta), segundo a percepção sobre o ambiente em adultos de três capitais brasileiras. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 2.350 adultos (18-59 anos) residentes das cidades de Brasília (Distrito Federal), Florianópolis (Santa Catarina) e Porto Alegre (Rio Grande do Sul), avaliados pelo estudo multicêntrico Mobilidade Urbana Saudável (MUS), em 2017 e 2018. A variável de desfecho foi a mobilidade urbana ativa (≥ 10 minutos/semana), e a exposição principal foi a perda auditiva autorreferida. As análises foram estratificadas pela variável percepção do ambiente - percepção dos lugares para caminhar e andar de bicicleta (negativa; positiva). Utilizou-se a análise de regressão logística, estimando-se as odds ratio (OR) brutas e ajustadas, com intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%). A prevalência de perda auditiva autorreferida e de mobilidade urbana ativa foi de 17% (IC95%: 15,4; 18,4) e 55,4% (IC95%: 53,4; 57,4), respectivamente. Adultos com perda auditiva e que percebiam o ambiente de forma negativa para caminhar e andar de bicicleta possuíam 34% menos chance de realizar mobilidade urbana ativa ≥ 10 minutos/semana (OR = 0,66; IC95%: 0,45; 0,97). Conclui-se que houve associação entre perda auditiva e mobilidade urbana ativa dos adultos das três capitais brasileiras, segundo a percepção negativa sobre o ambiente. Pessoas com perda auditiva que percebem negativamente o bairro tendem a se deslocar menos por meios de transportes ativos.

Resumo Investigaram-se os benefícios percebidos pelos idosos e monitores participantes do programa intergeracional de manutenção, estimulação e/ou reabilitação cognitiva, mediado pelo uso de computadores e prática de atividades físicas “Oficina da Lembrança”. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, com dez idosos e seis monitores participantes da Oficina da Lembrança. Aplicou-se entrevista semiestruturada, interpretada pela análise de conteúdo. Os idosos relataram: aprendizagem do uso de computadores, melhora da memória, sociabilização, ter atividade de lazer, emagrecimento, melhora da qualidade de vida, saúde e sociabilização. Monitores: contato com idosos, melhora da relação com pessoas/pacientes, preparação para situações diversas e conhecimentos sobre idosos. Conclui-se que a Oficina da Lembrança pode proporcionar vários benefícios para seus praticantes e para seus monitores, principalmente a intergeracionalidade.

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of violence and its association with the health conditions of the elderly. The method used was a cross-sectional study with 1140 elderly individuals aged 60 and older of both sexes interviewed in years 2013 and 2014 in Florianópolis, Brazil. The prevalence and dimensions of violence were measured using the Hawlek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test. To test the association of violence with health conditions, a bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was applied; the analyzes were stratified by sex. A high prevalence of violence against the elderly (25,7%) was found, regarding the dimensions of violence, potential abuse (56,1% p = 0,039) and violation of personal rights or direct abuse (31,9% p = 0,012) was higher among males compared to females, while the vulnerability characteristics were higher in both sexes and did not present statistical difference between them (p = 0,857). We highlight the relevance of depressive symptoms among health conditions, which increased the chance of suffering violence about three times for both men and women. We hope that the evidence presented may support effective actions to prevent violence against the elderly.

Os objetivos do estudo foram identificar modelos de assistência obstétrica em gestantes de risco habitual na Região Sul do Brasil, estimar os fatores associados a esses modelos e os desfechos maternos e neonatais. Realizou-se estudo seccional a partir da pesquisa Nascer no Brasil, de base hospitalar, que envolveu puérperas e recém-nascidos. Foram identificadas 2.668 gestantes de risco habitual. Procedeu-se a uma análise exploratória, com a utilização da proporção de práticas por hospital, entre elas o desencadeamento do trabalho de parto, a presença de acompanhante, a cesárea e o contato pele a pele, para a obtenção de modelos de assistência obstétrica denominados Boas Práticas, Intervencionista I e Intervencionista II. Em seguida, realizou-se uma análise inferencial das características associadas. Os resultados mostraram que o acesso ao financiamento público ou privado, os fatores culturais e a atuação dos profissionais de saúde apresentaram associações com os modelos de assistência. A assistência pública apresentou diferentes contextos: um primeiro, alicerçado em políticas públicas e na prática baseada em evidência; um segundo, baseado na intencionalidade pelo parto vaginal, sem considerar os princípios de humanização. Já a assistência privada é padronizada e centrada no profissional médico, com maiores níveis de intervenção. Conclui-se que há predomínio dos modelos de assistência obstétrica intervencionistas na Região Sul do Brasil, uma assistência na contramão das melhores evidências, e que as mulheres assistidas em hospitais públicos possuem mais chance de serem beneficiadas com as boas práticas.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar a associação entre o uso de internet e o ganho/perda cognitivo ao longo de quatro anos em idosos. Método: Estudo longitudinal, de base populacional, com idosos residentes em uma capital do sul do Brasil (≥ 60 anos), entrevistados em 2009-2010 (baseline) e em 2013-2014 (seguimento). O desfecho foi avaliado pelo ganho/perda clinicamente significativo de quatro pontos ou mais no escore do mini exame do estado mental (MEEM) entre as duas entrevistas. O uso de internetfoi avaliado de forma longitudinal (manteve o não uso de internet; deixou de usar; passou a usar; manteve o uso). Foram estimadas razões de chances (OR) ajustadas por sexo, idade, renda familiar, escolaridade e rastreamento de déficit cognitivo no baseline. Resultados: Entrevistaram-se 1.705 idosos em 2009-2010 e 1.197 em 2013-2014. Houve associação significativa entre manter-se usando internet e o desempenho cognitivo, com chance maior de ganho cognitivo (OR = 3,3; IC95% 1,1 - 9,8) e menor de perda cognitiva (OR = 0,39; IC95% 0,17 - 0,88) para os idosos que se mantiveram usando a internet. Conclusão: Idosos que se mantiveram utilizando a internet tiveram chance significativamente maior de apresentar ganho cognitivo e menor de apresentar declínio cognitivo. Promover o uso da internet em idosos pode ser uma estratégia para estimular a função cognitiva nessa população.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the associations between sedentary behavior and different intensities of physical activity with cardiometabolic risk, and to analyze the simultaneous effect of excess sedentary behavior and recommended levels of physical activity on cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cross-sectional study on a sample of older adults (60+) living in Florianopolis, Brazil. The objectively measured predictors were sedentary time, light physical activity and moderate to vigorous physical activity, and the outcomes were markers of cardiometabolic risk. Data were considered valid when the participant had used the accelerometer for at least four days per week.ResultsThe sample included 425 older adults (59.8% women), with a mean age of 73.9 years (95%CI: 73.5-74.4). Sedentary behavior was associated with lower systolic blood pressure levels (β = -0.03; 95%CI: -0.05; -0.01) and lower HDL cholesterol (β = -0.02; 95%CI: -0.02; -0.01). Light physical activity was not associated with any cardiovascular risk markers after adjustment. Each minute spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity was associated with lower waist circumference (β = -0.15; 95%CI: -0.24; -0.05), systolic blood pressure (β = -0.18; 95%CI: -0.32; -0.04) and plasma glucose (β = -0.18; 95%CI: -0.33;-0.02), and with higher HDL cholesterol (β = 0.10; 95%CI: 0.01; 0.18). Moreover, physically inactive and sedentary individuals had a greater mean waist circumference and lower HDL cholesterol than physically active and non-sedentary subjects.ConclusionThe results suggest that moderate to vigorous physical activity have a positive impact on cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults. Light physical activity does not appear to have a beneficial effect on the cardiometabolic markers, and despite the benefits provided by the different intensities of physical activity, the simultaneous presence of sedentary behavior and low physical activity level was associated with poor cardiometabolic risk markers.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the association between contextual income and the incidence of disability in basic and instrumental activities of daily living. METHODS: This is a cohort study, with sample of elderly individuals (n = 1,196) residing in Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The incidence of disabilities was evaluated using reports of difficulty or inability to perform six basic activities of daily living and nine instrumental activities of daily living after four years. Contextual income was obtained from the 2010 Census. We conducted multilevel logistic regression analyses with adjustment models for individual variables. RESULTS: The incidence of disability in basic activities of daily living was 15.8% (95%CI 13.8–17.9) and in instrumental activities of daily living incidence was 13.4% (95%CI 11.6–15.5). We observed significant association between contextual income and incidence of disability in basic activities of daily living. Having as reference the elderly living in the lower income tercile, those who lived in the intermediary terciles and in that of highest income had 37% (95%CI 0.41–0.96) and 21% (95%CI 0.52–1.19) lower chances of developing disability, respectively. For the incidence of disability in instrumental activities of daily living we observed no statistically significant associations. CONCLUSIONS: Contextual income influences the development of disability in basic activities of daily living in the elderly and should be the subject of actions to reduce socioeconomic inequalities and promote longevity with independence.

Resumo Introdução Problemas de ordem social, prejuízo na capacidade funcional e isolamento são características afetadas pelas condições do local onde o idoso reside. Assim, o objetivo do artigo é verificar as diferenças sociodemográficas e de saúde em idosos residentes em áreas predominantemente rural e urbana da Grande Florianópolis, no Estado de Santa Catarina. Métodos Foram analisados estudos de base populacional: Saúde-AC em Antônio Carlos (477 idosos) e EpiFloripa Idoso em Florianópolis (1.705 idosos). As variáveis foram comparadas por intervalo de confiança. Resultados Em Antônio Carlos, as maiores prevalências e diferenças foram para: baixa escolaridade (97%), casados, viúvos, trabalham atualmente, percepção de saúde igual ou pior quando comparada a idosos da mesma idade e risco cardiovascular substancialmente aumentado (64%). Enquanto as menores prevalências foram para: fumantes, dependência em uma a três atividades (6%) e déficit cognitivo (10%). Em Florianópolis, houve maior prevalência de renda alta e de possuir plano de saúde (66%). Conclusão Os dados possibilitaram identificar as diferentes condições socioeconômicas e demandas de saúde. As informações podem colaborar para implementar ações específicas para os idosos considerando as características socioeconômicas do local onde vivem.

Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a prevalência de sarcopenia e sua associação com mudanças nos fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde em idosos. O trabalho, longitudinal e de base populacional, incluiu 598 idosos (≥ 60 anos) de Florianópolis, Sul do Brasil. A sarcopenia foi identificada por meio do índice de massa muscular apendicular (IMMA), de acordo com o sexo (IMMA < 7,26kg/m² para homens e < 5,5kg/m² para mulheres). Foram avaliadas as mudanças ocorridas entre os dois momentos do estudo (2009/2010 e 2013/2014), relativas aos fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde. Foram realizadas análises de regressão logística bruta e ajustada. A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 17% (IC95%: 12,4-22,9) nas mulheres e de 28,8% (IC95%: 21,3-37,7) nos homens. No modelo final, as mulheres que se mantiveram ingerindo ou passaram a ingerir álcool (OR = 0,31; IC95%: 0,11-0,91) apresentaram menor chance de ter sarcopenia. Aquelas que permaneceram fumando ou passaram a fumar (OR = 2,55; IC95%: 1,16-5,58) e se mantiveram ou passaram a ser insuficientemente ativas (OR = 2,90; IC95%: 1,44-5,84) apresentaram mais chance de ter sarcopenia. Para os homens, nenhuma variável de mudança foi associada a sarcopenia. Os resultados sugerem que manter-se fumando ou passar a ter o hábito de fumar, assim como permanecer ou passar a ser inativo fisicamente, são fatores de risco preveníveis e modificáveis para a sarcopenia.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os fatores associados à autopercepção de saúde positiva de idosos longevos (80+). Estudo transversal conduzido no município de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, com 239 idosos participantes do EpiFloripa Idoso. Foram aplicados instrumentos de coleta para verificar dados sociodemográficos e econômicos, autorrelato do estado de saúde, quedas e estilo de vida. Para identificar os fatores associados à autopercepção de saúde positiva, utilizou-se regressão de Poisson ajustada por sexo. A autopercepção de saúde positiva foi mais prevalente nos idosos longevos sem a presença de depressão (RP = 0,49) e que faziam consumo de álcool (RP = 1,99). Compreender quais variáveis podem interferir na autopercepção de saúde de idosos longevos auxilia em melhores ações de saúde para essa população, principalmente para evitar depressão, além de reduzir custos com internações, medicamentos e tratamentos de saúde, muito frequentes em idosos longevos.

O objetivo foi verificar a associação entre o ambiente construído, a renda contextual e a obesidade em idosos de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Estudo transversal com amostra de 1.197 idosos (≥ 60 anos), avaliados na coorte EpiFloripa Idoso em 2013/2014. Os desfechos foram a obesidade geral, a obesidade abdominal, a circunferência da cintura (CC) e o índice de massa corporal (IMC). A renda contextual do setor censitário e as características do ambiente construído foram analisadas por meio dos dados do Instituto de Planejamento Urbano de Florianópolis (IPUF) e do Censo Demográfico de 2010. Utilizou-se modelos de regressão logística e linear multinível. Para as mulheres, a renda média intermediária foi associada às menores chances de obesidade abdominal e geral, e o maior percentual de ruas pavimentadas às menores chances de obesidade abdominal; o incremento de cada ponto percentual de comércio diminuiu 0,20cm a CC, e no de ruas pavimentadas diminuiu 0,43cm a CC e 0,22kg/m2 o IMC. Para os homens, a maior conectividade das ruas e o percentual de comércio intermediário foram associados às menores chances de obesidade geral; o incremento na densidade de ruas diminuiu 0,34cm na CC e 0,10kg/m2 no IMC; já no percentual de iluminação aumentou 0,51cm a CC e 0,11kg/m2 o IMC. Verificaram-se associações distintas de acordo com o sexo e o desfecho analisado, fazendo-se necessárias novas pesquisas que explorem variáveis contextuais adicionais e relevantes a esses desfechos entre os idosos.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the use of the internet and to identify the sociodemographic and health factors associated with changes in the use of the internet over four years in older adults participating in the Brazilian EpiFloripa Idoso study. METHODS This is a longitudinal home-based, population-based study with 1,197 older adults who live in the urban area of Florianópolis, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. We applied a face-to-face interview. We describe the use of internet according to frequency, place, devices, and motives of the use of the internet. To identify factors associated with changes in the use of the internet, we categorized the outcome as: non-use of the internet, stopped using the internet, started using the internet, and kept using the internet. The independent variables were sex, age, family income, education level, family arrangement, marital status, presence of caregiver, paid work, and cognitive impairment screening. We used multinomial logistic regression with risk ratio (RR) estimates and their respective confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS The prevalence of the use of internet increased from 22.9% in 2009–2010 to 26.6% in 2013–2014. Of the total number of older adults who participated in the study, 7.5% started using the internet, 3.2% stopped using it, 19.1% kept their use, and 70.2% kept their non-use in the analyzed period. Of the older adults who used the internet, most used it every day or almost every day of the week, in their own home, on desktop or portable computers, mainly to send and receive messages, to search for information to learn or investigate something, to find information about goods and services, and to use news, social networking, and health information websites. The factors associated with the use of internet over four years were: being male (RR = 2.19, 95%CI 1.48–3.26), higher monthly family income (RR = 3.53, 95%CI 1.35–9.23), higher education level (RR = 2.64, 95%CI 1.57–4.43), and no presence of caregiver (RR = 0.08, 95%CI 0.02–0.31). CONCLUSIONS Although the use of the internet is increasing among older adults, most of the population is still digitally excluded, especially women with lower income and education level. Strategies that promote the digital inclusion of older adults should be stimulated, aiming to universalize the use of the internet, and they should take into account socioeconomic and gender inequalities.

O objetivo foi estimar a carga da doença para as amputações de membros inferiores atribuíveis ao diabetes mellitus no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, no período de 2008 a 2013. Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, utilizando-se o cálculo de anos de vida perdidos ajustados por incapacidade (DALY - disability-adjusted life years). A carga da doença foi alta, mais de 8 mil DALY, distribuídos entre homens e mulheres. A incapacidade respondeu por 93% do DALY e a mortalidade por 7,5%. A carga dos homens foi 5.580,6 DALY, praticamente o dobro das mulheres (2.894,8), sendo que a participação do componente anos de vida saudável perdidos em virtude de incapacidade (YLD - years lost due to disability) dos homens impulsionou esta taxa para 67,6% do total do DALY. Os homens vivem mais tempo com a amputação, por isto perdem mais anos de vida sadia (65,8%), e a mortalidade é maior entre as mulheres (61%). As distribuições das taxas de DALY no estado não mostraram distribuição homogênea. A intensificação de avaliação, planejamento e desenvolvimento de estratégias custo-efetivas para a prevenção e educação em saúde para o pé diabético deve ser considera a partir da maior vulnerabilidade masculina.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze if the presence of a companion favors the use of best practices in the delivery care in the South region of Brazil. METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis of the longitudinal study Nascer no Brasil. We analyzed data from 2,070 women from the South region of Brazil who went into labor. The data were collected between February and August 2011, by interviews and medical records. We performed a bivariate and multivariate analysis, calculating the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. The level of significance adopted was 5%. RESULTS Most women had a companion during labor (51.7%), but few remained during delivery (39.4%) or cesarean section (34.8%). Less than half of the women had access to several recommended practices, while non-recommended practices continue to be performed. In the model adjusted for age, education level, source of payment for the delivery, parity, and score of the Brazilian Association of Market Research Institutes, the presence of a companion was statistically associated with a greater supply of liquids and food (aPR = 1.34), dietary prescription (aPR = 1.34), use of non-pharmacological methods for pain relief (aPR = 1.37), amniotomy (aPR = 1.10), epidural or spinal analgesia (aPR = 1.84), adoption of non-lithotomy position in the delivery (aPR = 1.77), stay in the same room during labor, delivery, and postpartum (aPR = 1.62), skin-to-skin contact in the delivery (aPR = 1.81) and cesarean section (PR = 2.43), as well as reduced use of the Kristeller maneuver (aPR = 0.67), trichotomy (aPR = 0.59), and enema (aPR = 0.49). CONCLUSIONS In the South region of Brazil, most women do not have access to the best practices in addition to undergoing several unnecessary interventions. The presence of a companion is associated with several beneficial practices and the reduction in some interventions, although other interventions are not impacted.

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a associação entre o consumo alimentar inadequado de micronutrientes e indicadores de obesidade geral e abdominal. Análise transversal, da segunda onda do estudo longitudinal EpiFloripa Adultos, incluindo 1.222 indivíduos de 22-63 anos, residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Os dados de consumo alimentar foram obtidos mediante aplicação de dois recordatórios de 24 horas, sendo o consumo habitual e as prevalências de inadequação no consumo de cálcio, ferro, zinco, e das vitaminas A, C, D e E estimadas conforme as recomendações do Instituto de Medicina e do Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa dos Estados Unidos. O estado nutricional de obesidade geral foi determinado considerando-se valores do índice de massa corporal (IMC), e a obesidade abdominal, considerando-se valores da circunferência da cintura (CC). Para a maioria dos micronutrientes investigados (cálcio, vitaminas A, C, D e E), as médias de consumo mostraram-se aquém dos valores recomendados, com prevalências elevadas de inadequação para toda a amostra. Somente a inadequação no consumo de vitamina C foi maior entre indivíduos obesos (geral ou abdominal). Além disso, associação inversa foi observada entre o menor consumo de cálcio e ferro com valores maiores do IMC e da CC, e entre o menor consumo das vitaminas A e D com valores maiores da CC (β = -0,92cm; IC95%: -1,76; -0,08 e β = -0,69cm; IC95%: -1,32; -0,06, respectivamente), principalmente entre adultos jovens. Foi possível identificar a existência de associação inversa entre o consumo alimentar inadequado de micronutrientes e o estado nutricional de obesidade geral e abdominal também em uma amostra de adultos residentes no Sul do Brasil.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with urinary incontinence in the elderly population of Florianópolis, in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.METHODS: We used data from EpiFloripa Idoso 2009/2010 survey, a cross-sectional population-based study including 1,705 elderly of both the sexes. Poisson's regression (crude and adjusted analysis) was applied to verify the association between the urinary incontinence outcome and exploratory variables (sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health conditions).RESULTS: Among the elderly, 29.4% reported urinary incontinence; 36.3% were women and 17.0% men. The factors associated with greater prevalence of urinary incontinence were being female, aged more than 70 years old, having 0 to 4 schooling years, being insufficiently active, having bronchitis or asthma, stroke or cerebral ischemia, presenting mild or moderate/severe dependence, and polypharmacy.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high among the investigated elderly. Sociodemographic variables and those related to lifestyle and health conditions were associated with higher prevalence of urinary incontinence. Knowledge of the factors associated with urinary incontinence in aged individuals can guide actions to reduce and prevent this important issue, which affects the elderly.

O objetivo foi identificar fatores associados à autopercepção positiva de saúde em idosos de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Trata- se de estudo transversal, de base populacional, com 1.705 idosos. A autopercepção de saúde foi classificada como positiva (muito boa e boa) e negativa (regular, ruim e muito ruim). A regressão bruta e ajustada de Poisson foi utilizada para identificar os fatores associados. A prevalência do desfecho foi de 51,2%, associada positivamente ao sexo masculino (RP = 1,13), ter mais de 5 anos de estudo, consumo moderado (RP = 1,33) ou alto de álcool (RP = 1,37), ser ativo no lazer (RP = 1,20), utilizar Internet (RP = 1,21), menor número de morbidades, dependência leve/moderada (RP = 2,20) ou nenhuma (RP = 2,67), não sofrer quedas (RP = 1,19) e não fazer uso de polifarmácia (RP = 1,27). Foram identificados diversos fatores modificáveis que podem interferir na autopercepção de saúde positiva de idosos e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias para melhorar a qualidade de vida desses.

OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de dor crônica e sua associação com a situação socioeconômica, demográfica e atividade física no lazer em idosos. MÉTODOS: Este estudo é parte do inquérito epidemiológico e transversal de base populacional e domiciliar EpiFloripa Idoso 2009-2010 realizado com 1.705 idosos (≥ 60 anos), residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. A partir da resposta afirmativa de dor crônica, foram investigadas as associações com as variáveis obtidas por meio de entrevista estruturada. Realizou-se a estatística descritiva, incluindo cálculos de proporções e intervalos de confiança 95% (IC95%). Na análise bruta e ajustada, empregou-se regressão de Poisson, estimando-se as razões de prevalência, com intervalos de confiança de 95% e valores p ≤ 0,05. RESULTADOS: Dentre os idosos investigados, 29,3% (IC95% 26,5 - 32,2) relataram dor crônica. Na análise ajustada, observou-se que as variáveis sexo feminino, menor escolaridade e pior situação econômica ficaram associadas significativamente com maior prevalência de dor crônica; ser fisicamente ativo no lazer ficou associado significativamente com menor prevalência do desfecho. CONCLUSÕES: Percebe-se que a dor crônica é um agravo que acomete considerável parcela de idosos, havendo desigualdades sociais na sua frequência e sendo beneficamente afetada pela atividade física no lazer. É necessário que políticas públicas de saúde subsidiem programas multidisciplinares de controle da dor incluindo a prática regular de atividade física, voltada especificamente à promoção da saúde do idoso, evitando assim que a dor crônica comprometa a qualidade de vida desta população.

OBJECTIVE To analyze if differences according to gender exists in the association between tooth loss and obesity among older adults.METHODS We analyzed data on 1,704 older adults (60 years and over) from the baseline of a prospective cohort study conducted in Florianopolis, SC, Southern Brazil. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between tooth loss and general and central obesity after adjustment for confounders (age, gender, skin color, educational attainment, income, smoking, physical activity, use of dentures, hypertension, and diabetes). Linear regressions were also assessed with body mass index and waist circumference as continuous outcomes. Interaction between gender and tooth loss was further assessed.RESULTS Overall mean body mass index was 28.0 kg/m2. Mean waist circumference was 96.8 cm for males and 92.6 cm for females. Increasing tooth loss was positively associated with increased body mass index and waist circumference after adjustment for confounders. Edentates had 1.4 (95%CI 1.1;1.9) times higher odds of being centrally obese than individuals with a higher number of teeth; however, the association lost significance after adjustment for confounders. In comparison with edentate males, edentate females presented a twofold higher adjusted prevalence of general and central obesity. In the joint effects model, edentate females had a 3.8 (95%CI 2.2;6.6) times higher odds to be centrally obese in comparison with males with more than 10 teeth present in both the arches. Similarly, females with less than 10 teeth in at least one arch had a 2.7 (95%CI 1.6;4.4) times higher odds ratio of having central obesity in comparison with males with more than 10 teeth present in both the arches.CONCLUSIONS Central obesity was more prevalent than general obesity among the older adults. We did not observe any association between general obesity and tooth loss. The association between central obesity and tooth loss depends on gender – females with tooth loss had greater probability of being obese.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the sample plan, operational aspects, and strategies used in the 2009/2010 and 2013/2014 EpiFloripa Aging Study. METHODS The EpiFloripa Aging is a population-based longitudinal study with 1,705 older adults (60 years or more) living in the municipality of Florianópolis, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2009/2010 (baseline). The research was conducted with a face-to-face interviews, organized into blocks of identification, socioeconomic, mental health, health and life habits, global functionality, falls, physical activity, morbidities, use of health services, use of medications, food, oral health, and violence, evaluated in the first (2009/2010) and in the second wave (2013/2014). Additionally, in the second wave, we investigated the issue of discrimination and quality of life. RESULTS The response rate of the first wave was 89.2% (n = 1,705). The baseline sample, with predominance of women (63.9%), was similar to the 2010 Census regarding age for women and slightly different for younger men. In the second wave, 1,197 participants were interviewed (response rate of 70.3%). Follow-up losses were only observed for the variable age group (p = 0.003), and predominantly for those aged 80 years or more. Mortality data linkage and active search for participants were used as a follow-up strategies. CONCLUSIONS This study used strategies that were able to help locate the participants and maintain adherence, which ensured a good response rate during investigations.

O objetivo foi identificar os fatores associados à realização anual de mamografia em mulheres de 40 a 69 anos residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos em dois inquéritos populacionais, um com adultas e outro com idosas, em 2009-2010. Foi estimada a prevalência de realização anual de mamografia e se empregou regressão univariada e multivariada de Poisson para identificar os fatores associados. Participaram do estudo 447 adultas e 510 idosas. A prevalência de realização anual entre adultas foi 43,5% (IC95%: 38,8-48,2), e possuir plano de saúde privado aumentou esta prevalência. Para as idosas, 38,3% (IC95%: 34,0-42,6) realizaram mamografia anual e os fatores associados foram ter companheiro, mais de cinco anos de estudo e pertencer ao quartil de renda mais alto. A utilização do exame de mamografia deve ser independente de qualquer condicionante social, em qualquer faixa etária, promovendo assim redução da mortalidade por câncer de mama.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of medical consultations in the last three months among elderly adults and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based study was carried out with 1,705 elderly adults (60+ years of age) in the urban region of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, in 2009 and 2010. The sampling selection was performed in two stages. The sample was complex, with census tracts as primary and households as secondary sampling units. For association analysis, Poisson regression was performed using predisposing factors, enabling factors and need as independent variables, according to Andersen's theoretical model. Results: The response rate was 89.2%. The prevalence of medical appointments by elderly adults was 70.4% (95%CI 67.5 - 73.4). Factors associated with higher prevalence of medical consultations in the crude analysis were female gender, accumulation of chronic diseases, negative self-perception of health, and report of chronic pain. The multivariate analysis showed that having at least one chronic disease and negative self-perception of health was positively associated with the outcome. Conclusion: Only variables from the need dimension were associated with medical consultations, indicating an equal use of this service.

The objective of this study was to describe and compare specific anthropometric indicators in older adults from Florianópolis who participated in two population-based studies conducted in 2002 and 2010. A total of 865 older adults in 2002, and 1,657 older adults in 2010 were assessed for weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Significant increases in body weight of 3.0 kg for men and 4.9 kg for women were identified from 2002 to 2010 (P 70%) with inadequate WC and WHtR in 2002 as well as in 2010. The results suggest an increase in weight and BMI from 2002 to 2010 in older adults from Florianópolis. Furthermore, the prevalence of overweight/obesity characterized by BMI increased in women and men, whereas WC and WHtR remained unchanged between 2002 and 2010.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the socioeconomic profile of the population aged 60 or older living in Florianópolis in 2002 and 2009. METHODS: Data were obtained through the studies Perfil do Idoso 2002 and EpiFloripa Idoso 2009 based on household surveys. RESULTS: There was a predominance of aged 60 to 69 years old, married and living with spouse and children. There was a significant improvement in the level of education and, on the economic aspects, retirement remains the main source of income, increasing the number of families receiving no more than three minimum wages and reducing those with monthly income above 10 minimum wages. The number of older adults who considers their current financial situation better than age 50 increased as the proportion of subjects with fair/poor self-perception health. It was also highlighted greater purchasing private health insurance. CONCLUSION: Comparison of the two studies presented here can support the actions of managers in order to bring effective results to the population.

Our objective was to investigate the relationship between dietary vitamin D intake and serum concentration of vitamin D (25(OH)D) on changes in body weight, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI), and to determine if this relationship changes between obese and non-obese individuals at baseline and those who have or do not have 25(OH)D deficiency. This was a prospective study with a sample of 572 individuals aged 25−65 years, who were participants in the cohort study EpiFloripa Adults. Changes in weight (in kg), BMI, and WC between 2012 and 2014 were evaluated as outcomes. The main exposure was the dietary intake of vitamin D (2012), and the 25(OH)D serum concentration was secondary. When the analyses were stratified by the presence of obesity in the baseline, among obese individuals it was observed that those in the extreme categories of vitamin D intake had an average gain of 3.0 kg in weight, 0.9 kg/m2 in BMI, and 1.7−2.7 cm in WC. When 25(OH)D serum concentration were incorporated into the analyses, it was observed that non-obese subjects not having 25(OH)D deficiency had a mean reduction of 2.3 cm in WC. In conclusion, the increases in body weight, BMI, and WC were higher over time in obese patients with deficient 25(OH)D serum concentration, regardless of dietary vitamin D intake.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the knowledge about mammography and to identify associated factors in female adults and elderly. Data were obtained from two population surveys, one with female adults and another with elderly women from Florianópolis (SC) in 2009 - 2010. A descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out, the appropriate mean of responses about mammography was estimated and crude and adjusted Poisson regression was conducted to identify associated factors. Among adults, 23.1% answered all of the questions appropriately and the appropriate average responses was 7.2 (95%CI 7.1 - 7.3) in a total of 9. In the adjusted model, older age, higher education and income were associated with knowledge about mammography. For the elderly, 15.3% answered all questions appropriately and the average of appropriate responses was 6.4 (95%CI 5.2 - 6.5) and the factors associated with knowledge about mammography in the adjusted model were younger age groups, increased education and income, and identification of mammography as the main diagnostic method for breast cancer. Information about mammography can neither be transmitted in a clear way nor be easily understood; there are also demographic and socioeconomic differences concerning the knowledge about the exam.